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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1900)
Ef'' 3 'iFmmi-ifms mmw'' 0im. sfmyfsrgrff -narT r-" rsssff f&t-m-'yg' 10 THJ MOKiNltftt OB-toOtflAN, MONDAY, JAOT&ftY 1, 1900. Kmtn? OREGON DAIRY PRODUCTS Valuation of Output, Stock and Buildings Last Year Was $9,523,875. HEAVY INCREASE IN Nearly Enough Butter and Cheese Made in the State to Supply Home Demands Larger Export Trade Soon to Be Developed Dairymen Adding High-Grade Stock to Their Herds. For the reason that there 1b general in quiry as to Oregon's natural and Industrial advantages, I gladly accept the Invitation to furnish The Oregonlan an article on the dairying interest -within our horders; and for the further reason of the great nmoc. v . t-M,.af .. lia ttcn- mini- ,. .. . ' ,i, ... -k, UiU. IUQ 'ClLCl JAJl3 i - nut (.0 . .111... lest energy in this important occupation, I am all the more pleased to have an op portunity to place in The Oregonlan in formation that should not only attract new investments, but tend to encourage an enlargement of the present industry. Natural conditions, environments, re sources and industrial advantages are what attract practical-science people to locate homes, as "well as to engage in "business of any kind. A few years ago the greatest drawback to dairying was a fear that the butter and cheese industry would be overdone. People seemed to fear that new Jid Improved machinery would virtually produce these articles. They now concede that there is room for more dairies, and. that it will do to in crease the land acreage, the number of cows, improvements and Implements. It is estimated that the people of the United states consume about 26 pounds of butter annually per capita. Oregon has at least 420,000 consumers, who, at the foregoing average, consume about 10,920,000 pounds of butter each year. In addition to this, our best-Informed merchants reckon that we shipped out of the state fully 309,000 pounds of butter in lan9. The table below speaks for itself. But let me call attention to the fact that some writ ers, who would convey the Idea that they are close calculators, as to Oregon's but ter yield, Imagine that all the butter con sumed is made at creameries, when, the AYRSHIRE COW fact Is, fully ow-half of the butter is made and consnmJd at people's homes. Oreeon Butter Product liy Counties. The following table, hlle it is not claimed to be correct to an ounce or pound, has heen made with care: County Pounds. Baker . 137.500 Benton ........ 171,250 Clackamas 187,500 Clatsop .....x... 192.500 Coos .. 678,503 Columbia ... 202,500 Crook 61,875 Curry . 412,500 Douglas 843,750 Gilliam 43,750 Grant 116,875 Harney 42.375 Jackson 27R0fKi Josephine 11,000 J t-i&main . 165,000 Lake 137,000 Lane 500,000 Lincoln 63,750 Linn 725,000 Malheur 275,000 Marlon ... 500.000 Morrow ... 102,500 Multnomah 343,750 Polk 250,250 Sherman . 96.250 Tillamook 878 700 Umatilla ,. 343.750 jon 357.500 Wallowa 57,500 Washington 825,000 Yamhill ... 275,000 Total pounds 10.999,251 Pounds. Butter consumed in the state 10,920.000 Shipped out 300,000 Total Oregon product for 18S6.... ...11.220.000 ...10,999,251 Deficit 220,749 Oregon buys from dairymen along the Washington side of the Columbia enough to make up for our deficit, We will not, therefore, have to import any butter this 3 ear. Oar Dairy Industry In 1R07-0S-09. In discharge of my duties as state dairy and food commissioner. I spent much time In the latter part of 1S9S in gatnering facte as to the value of our dairy indus try. I am now informed by dairy factory men and by the best-Informed dealers that the product of butter and cheese in 1899 will fully equal an increase of 25 per cent over the year If-. This could not be realised without a corresponding increase in lands, cows, implements, etc. The fol lowing statistic as the values of Oregon's dairy InAuctry are interesting: 1897 Quantlty. Value. BtttUr. Cheese. pouaax. .S6S.761 Jl.999.675 SSS.744 S7.7C1 Milk supply to noosobotd. gsilows 7,203.000 Number dairy cow 42.300 Number ctocojio cows 2,939 Number houweho'.d mftch rows 13.50 Number acres of bat .... 143.SO0 BuUdiag awtf iwialeisntg. L692.000 1,057 500 73.4C2 237.500 L42S600 41.5S9 JG.735,478 Total values lAmt of Matter and Cheese Factories. flams tocsortos Joube both butter and r-beese. aa4, not boteg able to got an exact Mot X Rtv all as butter factories, except tboot marfeos with a Mar (, which Thl Mot mum of creamery, poit othc asMross aod oottaty: Corvaflts ersojaory. CorvalH. Benton county I'nltod Statos exporimoot station, Cor valHs. Boatoa. Vetoefc X. Soac. DaaMoeue. Clackamas. Ruuornoid. CUtop. CbuOB oounty. ot & Comobaa. Ctateoo. Iso Isffalbi MotHtlle. Cbusop county. V tltbuo Hsrtll. f olivine. Cbrat Peterson. Otney. Ctsihop. WiWaai UrRoth. Wostport, Clatsop. Teo-MtV Tea-Ufle. Coos. Araro Araro, Coos. ftron. CoqsUle. Cooc Bersey Bros.. MmrsMMi, Coos. OravH Ford. Or vol Jfori. Ooex. HrrU Point. Mrrtle P&toC Coos. Joan flartrii, KambaeM. Coos. J 3 CMnkoafeoM. 3arbAeid. C003. Xarrial. SoaMoos. Oobjabia. PRODUCTION SINCE 1898 Kelvin's Grove, Scappoose, Columbia. Anllker, Goble, Columbia. Felman, Goble, Columbia. Calvin Johnson, Scappoose, Columbia. Langlols, Langlols, Curry. Al Reed, Boseburg, Douglas. AcVi1an3 AcTilnrtd Tonb-onn W. B. 6okerline '& Son, Grant's Pass, 1 Josephine. . Albany, Albany, Linn. Efij2 f$f W&2& , " Cf F Ji JERSEY COW BROWN BESSIE 74,007. Sclo, Sclo, Linn. Rebelln & Sons, Halsey, Linn. Plalnview, Plalnvlew, Linn. Brownsville, Brownsville, Linn. Lebanon, Lebanon, Linn. Newport, Newport. Lincoln. Barlow, Barlow, Clackamas. Marion, Marlon, Marlon. Cranston, Wlllard, Marlon. Howell, Howell, Marion. Goodhue, Salem, Marlon. Cloverleaf, Salem, Marlon. RED ROSE 5500. Walker, Salem, Marlon. Charles Miller, Jefferson, Marlon. Looney Bros., Jefferson, Marion. WItzel, Jefferson, Marlon. Stevens, Jeft"erson,.MarIon. George Miller. Gervais. Marlon. Barnes, Portland, Multnomah. Kauplsch, Portland. Multnomah. Sunset. Portland. Multnomah. B. P. Reynolds, Cleone. Multnomah. John Thomas, Cleone. Multnomah. G. H. Zimmerman, Portland, Multno mah. G. W. Force, Woodlawn, Multnomah. BROWS SWISS COW R. T. Schomp, Portland, Multnomah. Gresham, Gresham. Multnomah. Fairview. Tillamook, Tillamook. Tillamook, Tillamook, Tillamook. White Clover, Tillamook, Tillamook. Garibaldi, Garibaldi. Tillamook. Mcintosh, Beaver. Tillamook. Henry Rogers, Tillamook. Tillamook. Donaldson, lillamook, Tillamook. Charles Ray,v Big Nestucca, Tillamook. Jasper Smith. Big Nestucca. Tillamook. J. Bixby, Beaver. Tillamook. Mcintosh, Oretown. Tillamook. J. B. Hathaway, Bay City, Tillamook. W. N. Vaughn, Bay City. Tillamook. A. N. Vaughn. Bay City. Tillamook. J. W. Jennings. Bay City. Tillamook. Robert Crawford. Netarts, Tillamook. 1S9S- Quantity. Value. 1S99 Quantity. Value. S.7&S.571 $2,159,643 10,693,251 1,222,022 3,024,50S 147,739 2,287.222 1,469.000 102.031 46S.750 1.9C6.S75 57,750 19,523,875 977.618 107.427 S.000.000 47.000 3.265 15.000 157.850 1.S25.0O0 L175.000 1,625 375.000 1.573.500 46,200 jS7.3S3.395 10.0M 000 60,750 4.0S0 18.750 187,810 Ukiah. Ukiah. Umatilla. Cove, Cove, Union. Formlngton. Farmlngton, Washington JWD rpLLJvP COW South Tualatin, South Tualatin, "Wash ington. Blooming, Blooming, "Washington. Forest Grove, Forest Grove, Washing ton. J. J. Hartley, Forest Grovo, Washing ton. Stockwell & Thatcher, Forest Grove, Washington. Oatsfield. Greenville. Washington. White Clover, Centerville, Washington. Swiss, West union, Washington. Glencoe, Glencoe, Washington. Bethany Co-Operative Company,0 Beth any, Washington. Thomas Paulsen, Garden Home, Wash ington. John Cadwell, Scholl's Ferry, Washing ton. Samuel Siegenthaler, Cedar Mill, Wash- I TTlrfrh TTnrrv "Rethanv. Washington. Dairy Creek, Greenville, Washington. North Yamhill. North Yamhill, Yamhill. McMlnnville (idle), McMlnnville, Yam hill. It is quite likely that the number here enumerated is not altogether correct, and I am of the opinion that the above list does not include several factories started in 1899. Orearon'a Advantages. Oregon, without any question, has more dairying advantages than Any other state in the Union, and more than any country beyond the United States. The Channel islands, the mother home of the Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney, are not expected. Oregon's equable climate, where the ther mometer only now and then gets as low as 40 degrees above zero, nor higher than 76 degrees, not only corresponds with the requlrementa of practical-science butter and cheesemaklng, but guarantees the I growth of green fields almost the year round, and saves to the feeder much food required in most of the dairy states east of the Rocky mountains to keep up ani mal heat during at least four months in each year. Not many localities In the eastern division of the state are adapted to extensive dairying.' A few localities along the Columbia, Deschutes, John Day, Umatilla, Powder, Malheur, Burnt, Snake and Owyhee rivers, and on Butter creek, and in Union and Wallowa counties, and Jordan valley, and in quite a number of small valleys, many good opportunities are to be found; and my word for it, there will be much dairying In the eastern di vision as soon as the people learn the value of Irrigation, and the capabilities of that section to grow alfalfa, corn for fod der and ensilage, roots and several va rieties of grasses that will grow where it is too dry to Insure green Dasture with our ordinary pasture grasses. Add to these prospective advantages the encouragement consequent to the many branch railroads that will soon be under way In that sec tion, to-wit, the Snake River branch, Lake and Klamath counties road, the road between Oregon and California, tbe Co lumbia Southern, The Dalles & Pritevllle road, the Sumpter Valley road, the bianch down Snake river from Huntington, the Welser and Klickitat valleys. (The two last named are not In Oregon, but thtV will be Just as valuable in the way o' trade as if they were.) These and other new branch lines will open up vast agri cultural districts, which will add much fine and profitable dairy lands. But the western division, where most of the dairying is now done, is capable of producing 20 times what is now produced. The more important dairy districts are in the coast counties, and on both sides of and on the Islands In the Columbia, from the Cascade falls to its mouth, a distance of 130 miles. This district Includes many hundred thousand of acres of native grass lands, as well as many hundred thousand acres that grow any of our best pasture and hay grasses, as well as clover, peas, BRIENZI 1G8. winter oats, vetch, corn and roots, indeed, nothing does It lack, save Intelligent en ergy and tact. The coast counties, which extend from the California line to the Columbia river, a distance of 260 miles namely, Clatsop, Tillamook, Lincoln, Lane, Douglas, Coos and Curry are, I was going to say, In and of themselves a dairy empire unequaled anywhere. Tta acreage of dairy lands in these counties extends from the coast from one to 30 miles in width. The climate along the coast, as well as on the Colum bia river and throughout the Willamette valley, being governed by the warm "kuro slwo," or Japan current, is encour aging, or. In other words, corresponds so completely with dairy requirements that it is not out of place to say that in this we find the mother of our everlasting green fields, the gateway to prosperity to all who are willing to Join nature's good of fen;. Leaving the vast dairy districts along the Columbia river and the coast coun ties. I do not wish to overlook the Wil lamette valley. The valley counties are not favored with the native grasses as are the districts already named. In these counties, however, the domestic pastures, as well as the grasses, clovers, corn for fodder, peas, rape, vetch, the thousand head cabbage, and winter oats, as well as BEAUTY OTH 2020. S Sa' iW'j5a0s2J-"f5 DUTCH BELTED COW LADY ALDIJfl. 124. root culture, do flourish as though they had been introduced here for a particular SiS ffiSitJntanff ?!:.. JSf 1L ,J!LS uuo v'U"u""B "' ,,....... valley, we have only to refer to the fact that already Linn county now has a half dozen or more factories Marlon 8 or 12, Multnomah 3 to 6, Washington more than 20. The other valley counties have as good advantages as the ones here named. The healthfulness of our dairy stock is unequaled by any state in the Union, or that of any country known to civilization. The environments so completely corre spond with animal nature that no dairy man or stockgrower need have any fears of retrogression, while, on the other hand, every one Is assured that, in obedience to that invariable natural law, there will bo a continuous improvement, which will in side of 10 years be valued at not a cent less than $20,000,000. Our foundation dairy stock traces to the best dairy strains, W. C. Myers, W. S. Ladd, D. C. Stewart, Captain J. T. Apperson, ex-Governor Z. F. Moody, Hon. T. H. Tongue, ,D. H. Looney. A. Bush, William M. Ladd and others spared neither money, judgment nor time in getting the best Jersey, Hol stein, Guernsey and Ayrshire stock from th.3 .East; others, namely, W. S. Ladd, Thomas Cross, W. C. Hull, W. Chalmers, Alexander Chalmers, Fred Shoemaker, W. J. Snodgrass, Hon. George Chandler, James Richardson, Charles B. Ladd, State Senator W. A. Howe, W. W. Baker and others brought from the best breeding farmn in America the best Shorthorn milk strait s. Judicious crossing has without any question produced a dairy stock that cannon be surpassed, If equaled, as proven by the fact that the Oregon milk averages the yar round one pound of butter to every 22 pounds of milk. This superior yield of butter fat must be credited to breed and favorable conditions, and not to our superior feed, for it Is now a settled point that feed, while It Improves the ani mal and increases the volume of milk, does not increase the percentage of butter fat in milk. It will take a long time to get the people to believe ihls, but we must admit that It is true, because our pro fessional teachers say so. Of late, it has pleased some to criticise the quality of our dairy cattle and our methods of dairying. If these writers were Informed they would certainly know that our dairymen axe using all the Improved implements, the same as are In use In the most advanced dairy states or countries. They would also know that bur creamery men are as thoroughly advanced In the art as creamery men of other localities. Be sides this, they would know that the Ore gon dairy cow is more than the equal of the dairy cow of other states of our Union, as well as of all other countries. Before In troducing testimony to prove what Is here said,- I call the attention of the "don't knows" to the fact that Oregon, In years past, gave much attention to the Improve ment of dairy stock, and I am now pleasrd to note the fact that the pure-blood breed ers say "there is more Inquiry now for pure-bred dairy stock than for years past." I have before me the reports of the New York dairy commissioner, as well as uie Dominion of Canada commissioner, and Inasmuch as the per cent of butter fai Jn milk is the butter-making qualifica tion; of the cow, I will quote. The Can ada commissioner gives the following but-ter-fJU tests of milk: Butter fat, per ct. Mount Elgin. Canada 3.S6 Woodstock. Canada 3.6S Williams Corners, Canada 3.83 Williams Corners, Canada 3.67 London. Canada 3.44 Chestervill -, Canada 4.33 Chesterville, Canada 4.18 Renfew, Canada 3.44 Average ....- 3. SO The New TcTk commissioner gives the following tests, made at several creamr erles: Butter fat, per ct. Potsdam creamery - 4.02 Potsdam creamery 4.06 Fall Island creamery... 3.03 Fall Island creamery 4.00 No name given -. 3.58 Average - 3.71 Oregon creamery tests": J. W. Maxwell, Tillamook 4.18 A. N. Bergen, Garden Home 4.00 Albany creamery 4.50 J. W. Pugh,. Shedds 5.00 E. Turpemng. Eugene. 4.60 R. P. Boisei Salem 4.40 H. Walker. Salem 4.20 Charles Catl a, Oregon City 3.60 Average . 4.32 It Is hoped that our citizens will stop deploring thn dairy conditions within our borders, for -we are not only favored with unequaled na tural advantages to produce the very best butter and cheese, as well as the very best dairy cow. Neither do dairymen Hko to be accused of being In competent, wnen they know that they not only undersbmd the business, but that they do mal-e as good an article as Is made anywhere. Up to the present year our dairy product supply has not been equal to the home demand, for each year there has boen much butter, as well as cheese, brought here from other states. Prices have been well sustained since the enactment otf tho Oregon dairy law. The enforcement of our law would keep out of thi3 market all imitations, including the much-waterad butter, now conceded to be the greatest fraud of all. The pro tection our law gives amounts to fully 5 cents a pound on butter and 2 cents a pound on cheese. Notwithstanding the great value of our dairy Industry, and the further fact that It could not prosper If it was not protect ed, a bin passed the senate at the extra session of the Oregon legislature In 1893 abolishing the office of commissioner, which was the same as repealing the law. Tha house would have passed the senate Wll had a vote been reached. To head oft snch a move at the regular session In January. 1899, I circulated a petition and got the names of every butter and cheese fatrtory man In the state, except one, ask ing tho legislature not to repeal the law. Thfe petitions were handed Hon. N. H. Looney, senator from Marlon county, and It s a pleasure to note the fact that the sentiment at once changed In favor of a law to protect our dairy Industry. Reference to tho effect of strict enforce ment of our state law is made here with a view of encouraging persons to engago In dairying, for all who are Informed know that olcomnrgarlne, butterlne, pepsin but ter and other bogus imitations, including butter that contains too much water (It Is now conceded that the use of too much water in butter Is tho most wonderful of all the swindling Imitations), can be made and sold at a profit of G cents a pound lower than a pure article can be. I hold that tho dairyman is entitled to protection Just as. much as tho woolgrowcr or the manufacturer. Repeal our state law and these Imitations would come here as they now go Into Nevada, Utah, Idaho and Washington. Tho following will ahow that they would come, for thoeo who make tho stuff will find a market: BoarKM Butter and Cheese InnrenslnBT. It la reported hero that there is no oleo margarine (all butter imitations are termed oleomargarine by United States law) nor Cll4 efceeso sold la cur market. Why thl ; report Is out no one can tell, for the j United States reports show as follows: i Revenue collected on oleomargarine- . m m?m i i -.wbmis 56 v twqb 1.315.7X0 54 Collected on filled cheese 1897 518,991 00 1899..... 518,098 43 1898 16,518 55 1 These imitations are all sold somewhere, and it is my opinion that much of the "stuff" is sold within our borders. The ssauljUBllawPF SW tfd$w afifoualasss8y.SillS?a A ,W IKBBmL- assSkiw HOffiSTEIN-FRIESIAN COW JAMAICA 1330, H. H. B., AND C aSJE food commissioner can't watch the trick sters in the cities, and along the trans portation lines, while he is out visiting the creameries. Oregon dairymen do not fear to compete with any state or country in the manufac ture of pure dairy products. All they ask Is to be protected against frauds. The Ore gon dairymen do not ask for prohibitory laws. They should, however, for I don't believe that an imitation food product should be legalized by law; but simply that Imitations shall be marked and sold for what they are. People will not buy 1ml- R tatlons if they know that they are Imita tion, and tins is tne reason wny imitation makers will "palm off" an imitation for a pure article. Condensed Milk. The vast increase of ocean trade, trade -v-ftth China, Japan, Hawaii, Philippines a hd Alaska, as well as with the mines w Ithin our own borders, has created a de m.uid for condensed milk, as shown by the amount brought here from tho East. Many districts are to be found here, where this industry could be introduced without fear of :i successful competitor, and I, with many others, predict that should this Issue of The Oregonlan come Into the hands of those who understand this business, it will not te long before the milk-condensing business will be one of our very best paying1 industries. Horace Greeley, who had no practical knowledge of the country, advised the young men to "Go West," Oregon is inhabited by people from every country, as well as from every state of our Union, who say, "Come to the North Pacific, where the silveT waves wash tho golden shore and where rolls the Colum bia, the doorway through which our sur plus, and Into which the trade of the Old World and that of our newly acquired ter ritory, the Hawaiian and the Philippine islands, will enter to be transported to all parts of the United States." Breeds of Xhilry Cattle. Observation proves that animal struc ture by practical exercise, readily con .torma to demands and requirements. This POLLED DURHAM nature 13 so Rronounced that It is not out I of place to say that conformation is a I prerequisite to a correct action ox (per- ( forna.no of ihat which we value In our 1 domestic animals. Man on3y knows what he learns; and in order that dairy men may know what constitutes a first class dairy cow, I have, throug . the cour tesy of Major Henry E. AlvoiM," chief of dairy division, and Hon. George William Hill, chief of the division of .publication, United States department of agriculture, obtained nine cuts, which represent that number of the very best dairy cows, as well as the same number of tfairy cattle breeds. Inasmuch as we have- no Swiss, Belted nor Polled Durhams, out dairymen will do well If they study their good quali ties with a view to adding thejir blood to our already prottable stock. These cuts were used to illustrate Chief of Dairy Di vision Alvord's recent publication, en titled, "BTecdo ot Dairy Cattle." The county of Ayrshire, In tlo southwest 1 of Scotland, Is the home of this breed of cattle, which has been built up within tho 19th century by the liberal ubo of blood flHOBTnOR-f COW from the cattle ct Engl'raud, Holland, and the Channel Islands. Unit aa it be the little Irish Kerry, there is no oow which excels the Ayrshire In obtaining subsistence and doing well on a wide 1 xi nge of scanty pasture, or in thriving and giving a dairy nroflt unon the coarsest t loroge. J.ne , first Ayrshire in America -R"e re brought to New York in 1S22. They iue of medium sizes. Tho cow selected to match i3 an imported animal. Red Rose 5566. This picture shows admirably the vplcal head, horn and udder of the breed the last in its best form; also the dlstina'ly wedge shape which la believed to ch aracterizo fine dairy animals. She was broi'ght from Scotland in 1875, and was the lea. ding cow in the prize herd for her breed at the Philadelphia centennial exposition the next year. She was photographed at that time, being then 5 years old. Ht r milk product for one year was 8578 pom ids, or practically 1000 gallons. ' The Brown "Swiss Is the breed better known in the United States. It Is called also Brown Swltzer, but more p toperly Brown Schwyzer, rrom tbe canton 1 por te I the same year to Orange county, Schwyz, where the breed orlglna ted, or Netvr 1 fork. In four months Jamaica gave at least, has been bred' longest and Is still aim 03 t 10,000 pounds of milk, and about found in truest type. It is now cctmmon 20.0(50 ; pounds during thl3 her second milk to the other cantons of Eastern am I Cen- . lng pi -rlod. From her milk for a week tral Switzerland, and has a fine repu tation 1 23. po unds of butter was made. Jamaica throughout Europe. These cattle have j was a! medium size for her race, hand been especially successful as prlze-wl nners somely marked, vigorous, and very styi at Paris, Hamburg, and other larg e ex- ish, as shown by her likeness. This was hlbltions of livestock. The first pure- made 1 bout the time of her famous test. bred animals of tbi3 breea Drougnx to the UnitecU States comprised one hull and seven heifers, imported from tho canton Schwyz to Massachusetts, in t3ia autumn of 1S69. The descrf;pfc'on given indicates that these cattle are SOO& for beef as well as for the dairy. They are almost always full fleshed, easily kept so, and readily fatten when no in milk. The flesh is said to be flne-gratned, tender and sweet. Brlenzl 163 was imported from Switzerland Into "Connecticut In 1SS2, and GUERNSEY COW became the most noted cow ot her breed In this country. More than this, she pro duced the largest quantity of butter fat In a day every recorded In America at a public test. At the Chicago show in 1S91 her average dally Tecord for three days was 81.7 pounds of milk, containing 3.11 pounds of fat. This was equivalent to more than 3V pounds of butter per day. COW DAISY 2. The likeness of the cow was made at that time. She was then 11 years old and weighed 1410 pounds. The domestic cattle of Holland appear to have had a common origin, and the prevailing markings of all are black and white. The distribution of color differs, however, and one branch of this general stock has been so peculiarly marked for a century or two some claim three a3 to fix Its namo and secure recognition as a breed. What are known In Holland as "Lakenfeld" cattle are called Dutch Belted In this country. Lady Aldlne came from the old Orange county strain, and her dam gave 32 quarts, of milk a day for a week on grass alone. Tho likeness shows the cow at 7 years old; she weighed 1200 pounds. She was a first-prize winner at all tho big falr3 In Pennslyvamu. New Jersey, and Delaware, and her progeny have won many honors at exhibitions. She wa3 a vigorous and productive cow until 18 years of age. Tho origin and history of Guernsey and Jersey cattle are practically the same: but In the development of the former more of KITTY CLAY 4TH, IT V V T- " the Characteristics of tho parent atoclc of Noicaandy, France, have been retained. FaiiUna H 3730 stands In the very front ran Sr among Guernsey cows and la an i exc silent type of her breed. She made a rectnrd of 9748 pounds of milk and 603 pou ads of butter within 11 months. Her best; days yield was 47 pounds of milk and lier best month (the second Decem ber r was 1313 pounds of milk, containing 70 r ounds of butter fat. equivalent to 81H pou nda of "butter. In four different months her milk, yield was greater than her own live 1 wel&ht. In America, as in England, all Channel Island cattle Imported were Ion g- called "Alderneys." irrespective of the island from which they came. T ko strongly marked black and whito cat He of North Holland and Friesland con stlt nto one of the very oldest and most not abJa of the dairy breeds. Holstein Frl JsSins are all the same. There wa3 sha rp contention In this country before the la st name was agreed upon and gen eral ly accepted. Jamaica 1336. H. H. B., was j ropped In Friesland, In 1S80, and Im- , sue the n weighed 1192 pounds. Her owner was ot cered 515,000 for this cow and her heifer calf, shown in the picture, before her m3 k yield reached 100 pounds a day. After hi ar great performance this offer was increasi d to 525.000, and 510,000 was refused, for the calf alone. Jersey 3 are the smallest in average slza of any tof the dairy breeds, and have been, bred ex 2luslvely for butter. Brown Bessie 74,997 b ecame famous as the champion butter ow In the dairy tests, open to all breeds,! it the Columbian exposition in 1S93. During the public tests mentioned, under very u nfavorable conditions, this cow average d over 40 pounds of milk a day for five months, her total yield being exceed ed (by 70 pounds) by only one of her 70 com cetittors. She made three pounds of buttjer a day several tunes, 20 pounds a wee k. and 98 pounds more than any other cow in the entire test. The blood of this brec d fa more generally diffused and more higl "ly prized than any other in the active but? r-produclng districts of tha United Bta les, and among family cows in tha cou atry at large. T3 sis I3 the only breed of cattle if It may yet be called a breed that has originated In J unerica. As to size, color and general app sarance the Polled Durhoms answer peri fectly to the description of the typical Sho rthorn. Daisy 2 was bred and 'raised in I Uinols. and was one of the foundation anln lals of this breed. She wa3 a "straw herr y roan" In color, old-fashioned Short horr t marking, and was an uncommonly ham borne and showy cow. She was also. ash er picture indicates, an excellent milch cow, giving at times 24 quarts of milk a day. At her best she weighed 1400 pounds, and was a very easy keeper. One of her FAN1 rKH ' H 3T30. calves "w n. first prize at the Columbian exposlti 'on In 1893. Many predict a grand future 1 or this new American breed. The R ed Polled Is comparatively a new breed. T hey resemble the Devons, and yet they ire not closely related. Tha progenlto. s of this breed were the little, old. red, b a Tied cattle of Norfolk, and the dun or m o, U3e-colored polled animals of Suffolk. Bttt uty 5th 2629 was bred In Ver mont, both her parents being Imported, and was aftft -rward owned in Ohio. The likeness sho '3 her at 5 years old. and weighing SO', pounds. She wa3 a success ful show anln -1 In Ohio and Missouri, and a good dairy w, giving about 7000 pounds of milk a yea of more than average rich ness. As dai, ry animals tho Red Polls must be place, in the second class with the other breti 3 which aim to serve the dual purpose. They appear to give rather more milk than Devons on the average, but not quite st rich in quality. Being comparatively . few In number in th!3 country, dairy a scords of entire herds in tho United Stait e3 are lacking, and tho available flguies mainly pertain to records In Great Britam. Good herds there aver age EOOO to 55C 1 "sounds of milk annually per cow, and w:t n small and selected, oc- l caslonally rising to 1OOO pounds. One record Is clalm.ed of 7741 pounds each for 23 cows. The second SI iC rthorn boom commenced after the civil w a.r. and the climax came in September. 1S73, when the celebrated New York Mills sale loccurred. One hundred and nine head mf Shorthorns were then sold at auction fcx. three hours for 53SO.00O. Elght cows ave piged 514.000 each, and six others averaged PM.OOO; one sold for 535,000. and another for 540.600. Kitty Clay 4th. a Pennsylvania animal, although bred In New York, was me of the cows chosen to represent the S horthorns at tho great dairy test at Chi sago In 1833. and was the champion cow of her breed In the butter test. In the 3C -day trial her yield ot milk was 1593 pounds, which made 6-4 pounds of butter. Two years later ano gave almost 5000 pounds of milk in three months, her best c lay "being 65 pounds. At a fair-ground trial', when only 2 years old. sho gave over 23 pounds of milk la ono day. which made 1 1-3 pounds of good butter. She is a member of one of the heat milking families of Shorthorns In America, and her "veneral purpose" has been shown In one of her sons, which. after satisfactory service as a dairy sire. wois slaughtered Then 5 years old. His llv weight was 2060 pounds, and the dressed weight of his four quarters. UCS pounds. The accompanying likeness of this fine cow by 1 10 means does her Jus tice, although It was the best that could bo obtained. It st-.owa her at the age of 10, when her weigh t was 1343 pounds. Ttccnp Italntlon. Oregon's dairying industry was valued December 31. 13fT. at 55.7. 473. Decemoer 31. IS08. at 57.313,305: December 3L 1W, at 59.523.S7I. Duriag 1SW about M,9,n pounds of butter and 1.232.740 pounds ot cheese were made, an lacrease of 26 p--r cent over the previous year; and tht two productions brought 19 por cent mor than they dbl in ISM. Quality greatly improved. Total -mluo of tha ladastry about 5t.523.875. Crogon now produces noarly enough butter aad ehoeoe to supply the homo domand. WMl soon have a muvh groat er export trade. Breoosrs of dairy cattle to Orogon ane fcoeomJag more and more wara of tho lmpojnca of improve ment. W. W. BAKSR. Portland. Xe-vr Csutle rood. A new cattle food is mado by grlndlnj ia arjr eoraouuxs. jesvos aaa tops t3 a powdor, aad mtztecr it with blood or aao-h-MOS. or both. Tils is orcoood Into cake, uadar a kydrawttc oraos. aad can bo sbiepod as easily as bricks or cordwood. For feedtag- It la ferekoB up aztd, satxad with, watar. lA 1 iitifiir1- "r tf1. L--f-i-. ,.- i!fe eui; j ',&?- -.kCS' rfl j .- j-j, &--, tp - i Ri S m. Si3rm