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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (June 10, 1963)
PAGE 6 HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Oregon ' Monday, June 10, Htfl fcdjfofimL (paqsL GOP Faces Primary Issue .' The flurry of talk about tossing a flock if favorite sons into the 1964 GOP presiden tial race could evaporate when the present confusion in the party shakes down a little. Some experienced politicians listening to tin's talk believe it is a direct response to the uncertainty introduced when New York's Gov. Nelson Rockefeller remarried. Politicians in doubt tend to seek protective cover. The fav orite son device qualifies as such. Right now favorite son candidates seem a sure thing in Wisconsin, a strong prospect in Ohio and Colorado, a possibility in Oregon and California. All of these save Colorado are also states which conduct presidential prefer ence primaries. j If the trend toward favorite son candi dates in such states should persist into 1964, that would raise a question of major impor tance to Republican voters. The principal candidates now in sight for the GOP nomination are Rockefeller, Sen. Barry Goldwater of Arizona, and Gov. George Romney of Michigan. The first two, particu larly, are expected to be in sharp combat in state after state. ' Whatever the faults of the presidential primary system and they are many these tests are the only expression voters can give zjs to their choices for the nomination. They are the only means by which legitimate can didates can measure their real potential. But the widespread resort to favorite sons would tend to discourage such tests. Where a respected state leader is given this honor, the real candidates often decide to stay out and not challenge him. Sometimes it is in fear of defeat. Sometimes it reflects a wish to avoid embarrassing the leader on his home grounds. There are only some 15 states which hold presidential primaries. A few are quite minor. But those in Wisconsin, Oregon and Cali fornia are among the potentially most signifi cant on the list. It would hardly be healthy for Republi can presidential politics if these states were to be stripped from the agenda of major tests in 1964. Politicians of course are of two minds about primaries. They devour the evidence they offer of a candidate's salability. They welcome the national publicity they bring the party. But they really would like these bene fits of open competition without the attendant pain. They dislike the divisive effects of bat tle, the cost and the trouble. But as the Republicans approach the 1964 contest, their leaders must ask themselves whether the American people want a decision arrived at behind hotel room doors at conven tion time or a decision the voters have had at least some part in shaping. The Magic That Failed- (The Wall Street Journal) Idling of the highly touted nuclear ship Savannah by a labor dispute may or may not be "simply unbelievable" and a "national dis grace," as Representative Herbert Bonner says. But maybe by the time the vessel leaves fcalveston where she now is immobilized she Mil have provided a useful lesson to those iyho regard arbitration as a sure-fire way to avoid long and costly employer-employe dead locks. What's keeping the Savannah In port is a dispute over wages between the engineers' union, the Marine Engineers Beneficial Assoc iation, and the deck' officers represented by the International Organization of Masters, Mates and Pilols. Conflicts over wages be tween below-dccks and topside personnel have been going on ever since steam replaced sails. As the complexity of ships' machinery has In creased, engineer pay has gone up, until now fl is about on a par wilh deck officers. ;t But on the Savannah the engineers' pay, p'ased on (he extra training needed to handle the ship's nuclear reactor was about 20 per cent higher than that of deck officers. Result: A dispute which in due time was submitted to arbitration. The arbitrator, following histori cal precedent under which deck officers in charge of a ship earn higher pay than other members of the crew, ruled that whatever the engineers were paid, top deck officers should receive more. Now this satisfied the deck officers, but was wholly unacceptable to the engineers. Though an effort by Government and the ship's operator to get the arbitration ruling changed was pending in the courts, the engi neers turned off the reactor, lights and wa ter, thus forcing officers and everyone else to move ashore. At this, the engineers were fired. So the Savannah's "Atoms for Peace" cruise abroad awaits months-long training of a new engineering crew in the intricacies of nuclear power. All this is slightly ridiculous. But it's1 also rather odd that so many people these days are looking to arbitration as the smooth magic which will supplant old-fashioned, often bumpy-road collective bargaining. As the Sa vannah demonstrates, there's nothing magi cal about arbitration. Indeed, in this nuclear dispute it even deepened the fissions. WASHINGTON REPORT House Committee Scores By FULTON LEWIS JR. Tk ntvu-ntinff hllrfCGt loT the Bouse UnAmerlcan AcUvitios Jommittee last year was $.150,000. Beleaguered taxpayers gov ur-u nioncy'a worth In a single inves tigation. Within hours alter Radio Moscow had announced the de fection to the Soviet Union ol two American intelligence operatives, 1IUAC Chairman Francis Waller ordered an investigation Into se curity practices at the super-secret National Security Agency. House liberals moved quickly Almanac "lly United Press International "Today la Monday, June 10. the 'ft I it day of 13 with 204 to follow. The moon Is approaching its last quarter. The morning stars are Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. The evening star is Mars. On this day In history: In 1776, the Continental Con gress appointed a committee to draft a Declaration of Independ ence. In IBM. tlic t'SS Kearsarge sank, the Confederate cruiser Alabama off Cherbourg, France, during the Civil War. Id 1942. the German Ceslnpo turned the tiny village of Lidice, (ft Czechoslovakia, alter shooting the 173 male Inhabitants of the town, and deporting the women and children to concentration camps, A Uwght for tin day - Henry David Thoreau said: "It takes two to speak the truth-one to speak and another to hear." behind the scenes to thwart the 11UAC probe. In an effort to per suade Iteprcsentative Walter to call off liis investigation, they managed to get anotlier group a subcommittee of Uie Armed Serv ices Committee to announce its intention of probing NSA. Undeterred by the presenco ol other investigators, Chairman Waller continued his work while a lilieral columnist howled that the Pennsylvania Democrat was too heavy-handed to probe NSA. Members of the competing sub committee quickly demonstrated their Interest. They held a hand ful of hearings, then issued a statement giving NSA a clean bill of health, never bothering to issue a report on Uieir findings. IIUAC probers uncovered the following items, unknown to NSA securily officials at the time that Bernon F. Mitchell and William 11. Martin pulled their disappear ing ad: 1. Martin associated w ith known Communists. 1. The two traveled to Castro Cuba in December, 1109. without permission of Uie agency and in violation of its directives. 3. Martin was sexually abnorm al and was, in fact, masochist. 4. Mitchell had posed (or nude color slides perclied on a velvet covered stool. 5. Mitchell and Martin were professed agnostics, hitter in their denunciation of the United States, lavish in their praise of Uie Soviet Union. This was com mon knowledge among several dozen employes of NSA. but un known to its 0((ic of Securily Services. . Mitchell conlessed to a psy chiatrist in May, that he had been a homosexual for many years. Behind closed doors, without any distracting glare of national publicity, the IIUAC prob ers worked hard. They chalked up J.000 man hours in IS slates track ing down information. Sixteen sep arate executive session hearings were lield. Scores of former MSA employes were Interviewed and 34 present and onetime employes were called for sworn testimony. When Chairman Waller turned over his findings to Defense De partment top brass, NSA's direc tor of personnel was fired. Com mittee investigators discovered that Maurice Klein had falsified his own government record. Tlie director of security, S. Wes ley Reynolds, and two other em ployes in the Ollice of Securily Services were also ordered to re sign for violation of regulations governing favors and gratuities. Twenty six employes were dropped from agency rolls for sexual deviation. Following IIUAC recommenda tions. Die Office of Security Serv ices was reorganized to permit "maximum emplvasis on counter intelligence and personnel securi ty " Its investigative staff was extended to handle a much larger number of selected cases. No long er could one medium-grade evalu alor pass judgment on the securi ty clearance lor a prospective ernplnv e. A key House bill, lilt ftSO. de signed to make sweeping rc.'orms in NSA personnel procedures, was reported out of committee. It passed tlie House earlier this month by a vote of .140-40. "This case." sav Hep. John Ashhrook. who joined IIUAC after the NSA investigation, "could well serve as a model for proper coop eration between government agen cies and legislative committee." Meeting of Minds Helping The Reds To Victory By DURWARD G. HALL MISSOURI CONGRESSMAN We Americans are paying to help make communism work. Two projects of the Special Fund , of the United Nations are now be ing conducted in Poland. One allo cates more than $1,000,000 to aid Polish agriculture: Uie other al lows at least $700,000 to help Po lish industry. Forty per cent of these grants equals some $688, 000 the amount American taxpay ers are coughing up under a defi cit budget to help make commu nism work. It should he noted that Polish Communist Premier Joseph Cy rankiewicz recently talked with Mexican officials with the an nounced purpose of pressuring them to lay off Castro. This Polish agriculture program is not a food-for-pcace plan we Americans are subsidizing. Nor is it a plan whereby our. surplus agricultural materials are used to benefit needy persons. It is a program for which wo get no credit, into which we put our dollars and by which we arc helping the Reds learn how to feed their people wilh them get ting credit for any improvement. American taxpayers are paying to help improve communism's most colossal failure a failure even they admit. Under the Unit ed Nations Special Fund, Ameri can taxpayers are contributing to a project designed to teach com munists how to feed their people, something they never have been able to do before. Consider some of the details of this Polish food project: Last January tlie Governing Council of the U.N. Special Fund approved expenditures in Poland of $1,020.5110 for a four-year pro ject entitled "Research and Exten sion Services for Food Production, Processing and Utilization." The goal is the establishment of a na tional center of nutritional re search, education and food exten sion services, and technical ad visory services to the food indus try. The Food and Agriculture Or ganization KAO of the United Nations remember that .'arm pro ject in Cuba? is the executing agency. The discussion of this pro ject in a Special Fund document, marked for "restricted" distribu tion, notes that Poland wishes to bring "special emphasis to bear on questions of nutritional policy as related to communal feeding." Poland, the U N says, "has em barked on a policy of coordination, extension and upgrading of the research now being done on food production and processing, with a view to solving the most press ing nutritional problems." No doubt, the Reds are feeling some pressure from the spirited Polish people who are getting a little hungry, but more pointedly resent being levied on in kind. In this case, the Reds would wel come a few capitalistic dollars to help them over this rough. Red spot. The U.N. without asking the American taxpayer has agreed to help solve this communist prob lem. The Special Fund will pro vide 14 man-years of experts, in cluding a project manager. 9 man-years of fellowships and equipment. As a final glorious note, the restricted United Nations docu ment observes that, once the Unit- I cd Nations has paid to help get this program and institutes set up. the Red Polish Government will be glad to keep on using them after the U.N. has left. But solving the Red food crisis Is not the only spending concern of the American-buttressed Unit ed Nations. The Special Fund is providing at least $700,000 for a project entitled "National Center for Training Supervisory Person nel in Industry" a 3-year project administered by ILO The Inter national Labor Organization. The American share of that grant 40 per cent is $280,000. I wonder if there arc any American cities which have improvement projects needing $280,000 worth of help? This industry project, started in 1939, is designed, says the U.N., in a document marked for "lim ited" distribution: "To develop a center to provide research, con sulting services, and specialized training in supervisory techniques, with initial emphasis on preparing personnel to serve as instructors in regional centers." We are told that an 1LO mis sion to Poland estimated that there were 140.000 Poles in super visory grades in industry who could benefit by having specialized training. In addition, tlie ILO esti mated that 15,000 Polish engineers require further training. Let us remember that it was the United Nations who decided this communist nation's engineers needed further training not the American taxpayers. The U.N. tells us that "the Gov- BERRY'S WORLD "Ytb, .Mac, hnw many 'sijft' DOES )Our Tintngon btvt" crnment of Poland is preparing to establish a series of training cen ters in productivity and supervis ory techniques to meet both the country's short range and long er range needs." We in the United States have heard about some of the long range goals of communism. They involve world domination and a threat to bury the free West. The assistance which the Polish Government asked for. and which Uie U.N. Special Fund is provid ing, amounts to making available foreign exchange to pay for the services of international experts, for fellowships and for equipment. With previous projects, it is much more than total contributions to the Special Fund fromthis Red satellite. The international staff consists of four long-term and three short term experts a year, over Uie 3 years. The long-term experts are authorities on industrial cost accounting, work study, materials handling, plant transport systems and inventory accounting. The Special Fund reminds us that: "The (Communist Polishl Government will assume full fi nancial responsibility for the maintenance and operation of the center after the Special Fund's grant has expired." We are helping the Reds make a success, in areas where they never have done so under their own steam. We are helping strengthen Red Cuba in agriculture. We are helping Red Yugoslavia in nuclear research. Under this amazing second for eign aid plan. Americans are giv ing money to the U.N.. letting Uie U..N. spend it anywhere it wants, and abdicating any chance to check on how our money is spent. Would it be too much to sug gest that, at the very least, the American taxpayers may want to take a look at how the United Nations sends their money to in sist upon a careful check to see that it goes where they want it to go" THEY SAY... It takes nine days a week and 28 hours a day. And then every body hates you lor it. I don't adv ise it. Homer II. Ithoads of lxs An geles, on how he made $10 million. It is not coincidence that wher ever political democracy flourish es in tlie modern w-orW there is also a strong, active, responsible, (ree trade union movement. 1'rnsidrnl Kennedy, No matter how much the rulers of the United States may pride themselves on tiieir vaunted dem ocracy no one w ill believe them. Theirs is a democracy of money hag, exploiters and Ku Klux as sains. Moscow paper Komsomols, kava Pravda, on the Birmingham race trouble. Statistics may he likened to Bikini bathing suits. What they reveal is enticing but what they conceal is vital. - Ir. RMgrwav Trimble of Johns Hopkins Hospital. I (in not condemn people who sit down in t!ie streets to ban the Ixinin. I condemn people who do not have any views at all. Peter T borne veroft. British Minister of Defense. EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . U.S. Beefs Up India To Resist Chinese Reds By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON INEAI - The next big question may be how deeply the United States wants to become involved in a possible renewal of the India-Red China war. To Americans who believe that any military action against Com munist China is a good war to get into, military assistance to India may become a sacred cause in Congress, even though economic aid to socialist India has been opposed by congressmen as a waste of money. That's the way the ball bounces in this foreign aid business. Prior to Oct. 20. 1962. when Red Chinese forces first crossed the border to occupy claimed territo ry. India had rejected all offers of military assistance. As Prime Minister Nehru admit ted after the invasion, India found that it had been living in a dream world, trying to co - exist with Communist China. So. American military aid be came welcome. In mid - November India signed a military assistance agreement. American MAAG military assist ance advisory group from Army and Air Forces moved in. It now consists of 45 officers un der Maj. Gen. John E. Kelly. But it is sure to grow as supply and training missions are built up. Under the Nassau agreement of last December, the United States and Britain promised India mili tary assistance valued at $120 million, about 40 per cent of w hich has now been delivered. A third of this was British, with minor con tributions from Canada and Aus tralia. Tlie American contribution comes from military assistance funds in the foreign aid program. More than $50 million has been allocated from current fiscal year appropriations, taking funds from oilier programs which have been downgraded to a lower pri ority. Allocations lor the year begin ning July 1 are now being cal culated on a irst-things-first bas is, w ith no estimates yet on what the linal figure w ill be. A gross figure of $1.5 billion has been put out by Indian sources as their military assistance require ment. But this figure was not even mentioned by the Indian Delense , Minister T. T. Krishnamachari ! during a week's conferences with ' U.S. State' and Delense Depart ment officials. Though the 2.000-milc India China border from Ladakh to Lch is relatively quiet now. each side is charging the other with preparations to resume fighting. What goes on north of the Hima laya curtain is known only to the Communists. But it is no secret that India is building up her de fenses. All current Indian advices to American officials indicate that war with Red China will not be a short - term border skirmish, but a long-term conflict with special problems. Tlie terrain is the highest moun tain range in the world. Red Chi na has the advantage of a better main supply road across southern Tibet. India has practically no roads at all paralleling the bor der, and few feeder roads. One of the highest priority items on mili tary aid to India therefore is road building. Helicopters are useless at high altitudes, but the United States is supplying some C-130 transports from NATO-based squadrons whose planes, incidentally, must be flown back to Germany for servicing. India bought 50 U.S. C-11U transports in lllliO and will receive anotlier 24 reconditioned planes in June. The possibility of aerial bomb ing across the border is of ques tionable value to India. There are few strategic targets in Tibet or southern Red China. On the other hand, India's teeming cities on the southern plain are vulner able. Indian air defense tlierefore be comes important, and here the British have been principal sup pliers of combat planes. Air-to-air missiles have been given to the Indian Air Force, but be cause of a lack of radar against which the Himalayas are a for midable barrier no ground - to air missiles arc in the defense plan yet. India's ground forces have as their main elements 12 undcr strength divisions, half of which are mountain troops. India's Fourth Mountain Division was badly mauled in the lighting last October and is being completely re-equipped. But all Indian army units need strengthening. Neither side lacks manpower. The worst complication in aid ing India, however, is that any defense of South Asia must be planned to include Pakistan. Be cause of India's standing feud with Pakistan over Kashmir, coopera tion between the two countries on delense against Red China is nil. Aid has been given to both Pak istan and Afghanistan, which have now agreed to negotiate their differences. STRICTLY PERSONAL By SYDNEY J. HARRIS Each time I visit New York. 1 think that the traffic cannot pos sibly be any worse but it always is. On my latest visit, a few weeks ago. I walked the two dozen blocks Irom my hotel to the theater ev ery night, in order to be on time. ' If we want to understand inter national relations, the simplest analogy lies in a city itself. A city generally docs nothing about its problems until the situation gets so bad that only radical remedies will work. Most cities began one - way streets too late. They restricted parking too late. They built super highways only when the traffic was so congested that the super highways were obsolescent by the time they were finished. Every American metropolis to day Jaccs the immense task o( turning itself around, of demoli tion and rebuilding, of cutting nut tlic cancer at its core, of coping with staggering problems ol slum and race relations and poor schools and huh taxes and the utter lack o( planning that has characterized the growth of all large communi ties. U we have not had the fore sight to come to terms with rcla l:vely small problems within a given city, how can we expect that our relations with the world outside our borders can be any more rational? "Too little too late" may be the epitaph ol Western civilization. The modern tw in menaces of com munism and fascism which are stroncer than ever today, in vari ous guises could have been ef fectively aliened without great wars and widespread sufferinc. But we lacked tlie foresight, the concerted will, the energy to make tlie cltort. The most important part ol med icine is preventive medicine. Ev crvho.lv knows this. But we have not applied this knowledge to the social areas, whether it is traffic, or slums, or juvenile delinquen cy, or war and dictatorship. We spend, (or instame. billions on prisons and reformatories, but hardly a dribble to erase the so cial psychological conditions that create crime and delinquency. Which American, private or pub lic, was really interested in Cuba during tlie long dark years of Ba tista's regime'.' It was an exotic isle, a pleasure spot, a gambling haven. That it was rottenly over ripe (or revolution did not concern us-until a Castro loorqs up M miles Irom our shores, to our shocked surprise, fear and indigna tion. No business could exist for more than a year without plan ning ahead, without spending con siderable sums on research and development. But cities go on for years, countries for decades, build ing useless highways and unneces sary jails, stockpiling arms and making ineffectual treaties, . in the mime o( "realism," while re ality slowly crushed them to death. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What northern European countries became Independent tales as result of World W ar I. and then Inst their independent status as a result of World War A Estonia. Latvia. Lithuania. Q-llow was Lafayette granted t ailed Slate citizenship? Did Contress confer U.S. citizenship on General Lafayette? A Lafayette was made an hon orary citizen by two states before independence was achieved, and this was carried over to the new nation later. Q How could a man serve for 10 years as United Stales presi dent? A If a vice president succeeds to the presidency and serves two vcars or less of the unexpired term, he may still be elected to two terms as president. 1( he has served more than two years of the unexpired term, he may be elected for only one four-year term.
