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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 19, 1963)
vz Saa WAS RAID ON LAWRENCE - On Aug. 21, 1863, William C. Quantrill and his band of 450 hard-riding, straight shooting horsemen rode into Lawrence, Kan., at dawn. Four hours later they rode out, having killed 150 Quantrill's By MFRTON T. AKERS UPI Correspondent William Clarke Quantrill paid' off his grudge against Lawrence, Kan., on Aug. 21, 'J 863 in blood and fire. The Confederate captain"s guerrillas about 450 hard- : riding, straight-shooting Jiorse-men-struck the sleeping town at dawn. Four hours later they rode back towards Missouri with their loot, leaving at least 350 men dead and the town in ashes. r- Of the deal all except 17 "were citizens just turning out "of bed to start their day's -work. The 17 were unarmed Union recruits, all of them "teen-agers. Quantrill's hatred of Law rence dated back to the bor der fighting days before the Civil War when Kansas was being formed under the "squatter sovereignty" pro visions of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Anti-slavery men, especial ly New Engianders, decided the new state shbuld be free. Pro-slavery men, especially Missourians, were equally de termined it should be a slave state. Both sides sent in their partisans as early as 1854. The original settlers of Law rence were anti-slavery and the town soon was known as a hotbed of abolitionism. The fighting between Kansans and Missourians lasted periodical ly until it was merged into the greater conflict of the : Civil War and Kansas was admitted to the Union in 1861 ras a free state. 'Born in Ohio ; Quantrill was born in Ca 'nal Dover, Ohio, July 31, "1837, and originally was a .school teacher by trade. He drifted west and lived for a time in Lawrence under the :name of Charley Hart. He ;soon became a part of the out law half-world on the fron tier, turning his hand to what ever exploit seemed to pay the best regardless of which side it : was on. By Civil War time he def initely had chosen the Con federate sicie and organized a band of guerrillas which raided into Kansas almost at will. He was commissioned a Confederate captain but paid little attention to orders from superiors, joining mili tary expeditions with his men as irregular cavalry when plunder seemed in prospect, operating independently at other times. Shortly before the raid on Lawrence, Quant Till had gone to Richmond -seeking a colonel's commis ;eion as a Partisan Ranger but he apparently failed. :. Quantrill's men never wore .jnilitary uniforms. Most of them wore "guerrilla shirts," especially red or butternut. .These shirts were made by their wives or sweethearts and "often were covered with fan 'cy embroidery. It was more :o'f a Jacket than a shirt with our large pockets which serv :td as haversacks and cartridge -.boxes. Each guerrilla was armed with two, three, four ,or even six Navy Colt re volvers, caliber .44. Some car ried captured carbines or shot guns. They were expert horse men and dead shots with both hands at full gallop. !3 COTTON SUMMER and SIZES 8 VALUES TO $7.98 $099 V PAIR - 2 Pair $6.99 CIVIL WAR nffM lUld TtTTP Raid on Lawrence The guerrillas struck the town from the southeast at the first light of dawn about 5 a.m. The first man they killed was the Rev. S. S. Snyder, a United Brethren minister. He was shot as he milked a cow at his farm on the outskirts of town. Hoffman Collamore, 16-year-old son of Mayor George W. Collamore, off for a day of hunting, rode by the guer rillas. In the half light he took them for Union cavalry men and rode on with a wave. They shot him and left him for dead. (He recovered.) Then the guerrillas gallop ed onto Massachusetts St., the main avenue, at what now is 11th st.' and head north to the main part of town. Squads dropped off each block to cover the side streets. One vidette rode to Mt. Oread, now the site of the Univer sity of Kansas, for sentinel duty. The Union recruit camp lay in their path. The young soldiers were just rolling out of their blankets when the guerrillas struck. Seventeen of the youngsters died under the Navy Colts in a few min utes. Five escaped as the guer rillas rode down their tents. The recruits were uniformed but not armed and were wait ing to be mustered into Fed eral service in the 14th Kan sas. Quantrill and one of his lieutenants, Capt. William H. Gregg, led the raiders north on Massachusetts St., Quan trill firing to the left, Gregg to the right. Headed for Hotel They headed for the Eld ridge House, a four-story brick structure and the main hotel. Surrounding the hotel Quantrill demanded its sur render, guests and all. A porter beat a gong, and awak ened the guests who complied with Quantrill s orders. Then the guerrilla chief sent most of his men off to loot and burn the town. "Kill! Kill! and you will make no mistake," he shouted to his men as they spread over the little town of about 2,000. The Eldridge House guests wer, robbed. The building, only recently erected, was pillaged. Then the guests were herded to the City Hotel around the corner and the Eldridge was set afire. They were kept prisoners there dur ing the rest of the raid and not further molested. The City Hotel proprietor had befriend ed Quantrill earlier when he was in Lawrence and pre sumably that is why the guests received special treat ment. Quantrill carried a list of men to be killed. At the top was the name of U.S. Sen. James H. Lane who lived in the west part of town. He ducked into a cornfield and escaped. Gov. Charles Robinson liv ed on Mt. Oread. He hid in his stone barn and watched the raid. Editor Escapes John Speer, editor of the Lawrence Tribune, also escap ed into a cornfield but two of his sons were killed and CAPRjS FALL COLORS to 20 Plrla Amm&WmU 112 EAST MAIN men, looted and then burned the town.; This drawing, from the Library of Congress col lection, shows a woman pleading for the life of her husband during the raid. (UPI) their bodies burned to ashes in a blazing store. Mayor Collamore and his hired man hid in a well be hind his home. His name was high on Quantrill's list and the guerrillas searched the house and grounds. Not find ing him, they burned the house. The mayor and his companion suffocated in the well and so did a friend who tried to rescue them. For four hours the killing and looting went on. Men were killed as their wives clung to them. One young boy was shot to death because he wore a blue uniform his mother had made for him from his father's old army clothes. . No women were killed. Quantrill and his men prided themselves on their "chiv alry." Dr. Richard Cordley, a Congregational minister and an eyewitness, wrote later: "The carnage was all the worse for the fact that the people were not expecting an indiscriminate slaughter. The general feeling was that they (the guerrillas) would do what they had done elsewhere rob and burn a town, shoot a few marked men if they could find them and then leave . . . Hence many who could have escaped remained in their homes and were kill ed .. , The attack was per fectly planned. Every man seemed to know his place and what he was to do . . . The surprise was so complete that iHiiL'j.L'iriai mm I fr tin eras? Tired of shelling out your hard-earned money just getting there? Save it. You can take a Greyhound for practically peanuts compared to the cost of trains, planes or driving yourself. For economy, GO GREYHOUND ... AND LEAVE THE DRIVING TO US. Exclusive Scenieruiser Service's! no extra fare. For example: nnf Round way Trip Destination Portland, Orrit. San Francisro, Cal Roseburp, Orff. Granu Pass, Ores;. 7.15 It. 85 3.40 1.05 1.1.45 15.95 fi.15 1.90 212 NO. BARTLETT ((pajWJi) House Is Expected To Approve Bill Assisting Widows Washington-IUPlt-The House was expected to approve leg islation today that would raise the monthly compensation of more than 122,000 military widows to keep up with the rise in the cost of living. The bill would cost about $11.7 million a year over the next four years. Another veterans' measure that the House planned to take up today is a bill extend ing higher education aid to children of completely dis abled veterans. Both pieces of legislation, approved by the Veterans committee Wednesday, are to be considered by the House under a hurry-up procedure requiring a two-thirds major ity for passage. The widows' bill would raise the monthly base rate of compensation from $112 to $120 to account for a rise in the cost of living during the past six years. Recipients, survivors of veterans wno must have died from service connected causes, also receive 12 per cent of the basic active service pay of their deceased husbands. The education bill encom passes children of veterans permanently and totally dis abled as a result of military service. These benefits now are available to children of veterans whose fathers lost their lives in service. The monthly allowances are for college instruction and range from $50 a month, for a student who attends school on a half-time basis, to $110 for one who is enrolled full time. no organized resistance was possible . . . Everyone had to do the best he could for himself." Union Troop Helped About 9 a.m. Quantrill started his men back toward Missouri. A rearguard round ed up the last drunken guer rillas. Senator Lane organized a few men and pursued. A Un ion cavalry troop came from the east and tried to cut off the guerrillas. Neither suc ceeded. Quantrill rode away with his loot almost unmolested. He lost only one man, the Rev Larkin Skaggs, Baptist min ister turned guerrilla. The only surviving son of editor John Speer shot him as he left town. A Delaware Indian, White Turkey, scalped the wayward preacher. hiM; one Round . way Trip Destination Reno. Nev. Seattle. Wash. l.os Angole. Cat. Las Vegas, Nev. 10.75 1 1.40 14.65 23.89 I9..U 20.55 26.40 41.05 772-2202 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. ORSGON g.m , i T ."s4p i BUILDING FAiR SITE - Dan Kimball, left, placed on Pier J, site of the fair in 1967-68 board chairman of the California World's at Long Beach, Calif. The 300-acre pier Fair, and Fred Hall, right, executive vice will be created mostly from actual ocean president and general manager of the fair, bed. (UPI) watch as the two-millionth ton of rock is Open Sundays 10:00 A.M. -5:30 P.M. MONDAY r FRIDAY 9:30 A.M. to 9:00 P.M. TUES., WED., THURS., SAT., 9:30 to 5:30 4 DAY SALE Dark Toned Prints, Solids, Stripes. Choose from a galaxy of styles. Roll and Long Sleeves. 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