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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1962)
4 A THURSDAY. NEDF0RD$&&.TR1BI)NE """Everyone in SoutherrTbregon " Reads The all'Trlbune" J?ublished Dally exceptSalurday by MEDFORD PRINTING CO. S3 JJorth Flrt.. Ph.771-l4t "" ROBERT W. RUHL. Editor HERB GREY Advertising Manam GERALD T LATHAM. Bua. Mgr. ERIC W ALLEN JR.. Mn. Editor EARL H ADAMS. City Editor HARRY CH1PMAN. Telel Editor RICHARD JEWETT. Sporta Editor OLIVE STARCHER Women'a Editor DALE ER1CKSON. ClrculaUonjlgr An Independent Newapaper Zntered aa second class matter at Medford, Oregon, under Act of March 3. 1897 SUBSCRIPTION RATES flv Mail In Advance. Daily and Sunday 1 year 111 00 Daily and Sunday S moa. 10.00 ' Dailv and Sunday 3 moa. 9.00 . Sunday Only One year 15.00 Simla Copy (Malledl 30c By Carrier And Motor Route. Dally and Sunday 1 year 131.00 Dally and Sunday 1 mo. 175 Sunday Only 1 mo. 50c Carrier andVendora JTopy 10c Efflclal Paper of City of Medford Official Paper of Jackson County United Press International rull Leased Wire V. P. I. Telephoto Newsplcturea "MEMBER Of AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS Advertising Representative : NELSON ROBERTS It ASSOCI ATES. Offices In New Yom, i-ni-cago. Detroit. San Francisco. Los Angeles. Seattle. Portland, Denver. Nf WSPAPEt PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION EDITORIAL eSR! jiff ;ffl.f! Flight o' Time Medford and Jackson County History from the files of The Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30. 40 and 50 years ago. 10 YEARS AGO Sept. 20, 1S52 (Monday) Fall scheduled to arrive, but summer remains hot and dry; no major Ilres reported, but grass fire numerous. Don R. Newbury B3, Med ford lawyer, found shot to death; apparent suicide. 20 YEARS AGO Eapt. 20, 1942 (Tuesday) Medford school authorities nnounce that class in pre- flight aeronautics will be of fered at Medford High school for first time at request of federal government. From Arthur Perry's "Ye Smudge Pot" column: Tomor row its the official end of cummer, of which many vet eran valley weather prophets predicted there was going to be none." 30 YEARS AGO Sept. 20, 1932 (Thursday) Medford High school regis tration totals 612, or 12 less than permanent total for 1931. Gov. Franklin D. Roose velt, Democratic nominee for president, fails to leave train berth in near freezing early morning temperatures at Klamath Falls to address crowd of 200 persons, inclu ding Medford residents. 40 YEARS AGO Sept. 20, 1922 (Friday) Medford city council votes to create water board to bring end to numerous controversies involving city water supply. Local youths create "sen sation" by appearing on Main street In "peon pants," latest fashion craze. SO YEARS AGO Sept. 20, 1912 (Sunday) "Epidemic" of (three auto mobile accidents reported on Medford streets in one day. Weed baseball "town team defeats Medford 9 to 6 for Southern Oregon Northern California championship. What's Your I.Q.? Nine or ten correct Is superior; seven er eight Is excellent; five ot six is good. 1. The death of one who executes a power of attorney makes the power null and void; true or false? 2. Complete the biblical quotation, "I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills .... 3. Which cities In Minne sota are known as Twin Ci tics? 4. Was the Geigcr counter the discovery of a young Frenchman, Belgian or Ger man? S. Will an airtight drum support more weight in water if pumped full of air undo pressure or if exhausted of ir? 6. Of which political soci ety in a large American city is the tiger an emblem? 7. Where in the Crimea did the famous charge of the Light Brigade occur? 8. During World War II which large French steam ship capsized In New York harbor at its pier? 9. Which of the Virgin Is lands of the United Slates is the largest In area? 10. Presidlent James K. Polk was born In which State? Answers! 1, True. 2. ". . . from whence cometh my help." 3. Minneapolis and St. Paul. 4. German, 4. Exhausted ef air. I. Tammany Society of NYC. 7. Balaclava. I. The Normandio. 9. St. Croix. 10. North Carolina. NATIONAL SEPTEMBER 10. 1182 Emancipation Giles French, who runs the weekly Sherman County Journal in Moro, writes a column of para graphs for each issue which are brief, pungent, and to the point. Recently, one of them was this: "A better way to achieve integration would be improve the quality of Negroes, not coerce the whites." At first glance one may say, "Why, of course," and let it go at that. But at second thought, the weakness of the statement becomes obvious. e WHAT is the best way to "improve the quality of Negroes"? The best way the only way is to grant them fuller and better education. The best way the only way to do that is least the equal of those dents. And both common sense and the supreme Court insist that equality of schooling cannot be achieved through separate schooling. If we accept this premise, and most of us do so, then it follows that the ,1 a 1 1 1? ... mat is involved ues in insisting mat wime enn dren attend the same schools as Negroes, and vice versa. And why shouldn't they? Aren't they all Americans together? Should not one American have the same rights Americans, regardless of the color of his skin C THIS leads to the second form of "coercion x which some white people resent. This is the demands of the young, tion of Negroes, many of or graduates, or ministers insisting on their rights to equal treatment, not only in schooling, but also in the availability of public accommodations and services. Thev are tired of beinor second class citizens, And who can blame them? They are tired of being deprived of the amenities which white people take unthinkingly for granted. And they are going about achieving them, not through any revolutionary use of violence (although their provocation is as great as that which has motivated but through the use of non-violent techniques. e T'HEY are, in fact, bent on what Giles French aAvnnaioa "imnmvinir iho nnnlifv nf Mptrrnps." and if in doing so they are coercing whites, they are doing so only because they themselves have been coerced and subjugated for decades. The Emancipation Proclamation (which was first issued by President Lincoln 100 years ago next Saturday, incidentally) freed many Negroes from slavery. Now there Century Emancipation Negroes in attaining citizens. Progress has been made. More will be. But the process will not cease treated equally in schooling, in housing, in em ployment, in union membership, in access to pub ic accommodations h. A. Catholic Integration "The Commonweal," the magazine usually regarded as representing "liberal" Catholic lay thought, reports that the first-time integration of parochial schools in Louisiana this past week, despite some incidents in some locations, has proceeded amazingly wen. A maioritv of Catholic parents, black and white alike, have accepted the integration plan with little or no outcry. Although one school in a rural parish was closed for lack of students, all now accepting both white and Negro children Some white students have stayed away, but a majority of them are still This, it seems to us, is more significant news" than is the fact that there have been some disturbances. E. Sickness by There are two types one type involved in that we find particularly repulsive, these are the anonymous letter writer, and the anonymous telephone caller. Of the two, the latter is the worst, particular ly the obscene message giver, for there is no de fense against him. One can always hang up, but he can get his dirty message across before one can realize what is happening, and he can always n i. i ii. i ;a1 can oacK wun more ooscemues. One can spot an anonymous letter at a glance and throw it away unread. That is what usually happens to those we receive. THERE is something unclean and nauseous 'about the kind of cowardly mind that would use the anonymity of the telephone to exercise his own perversions. One people, because they are But it is the kind of versely affects others, permitted to remain at The difficulty, of course, lies in tracking such sick souls down and putting them where they no longer can spread their particular brand of filth Thorn have been several renorts of such calU in Medford of late. All police, for though an made on the basis of one call, each report helps round out a pattern which officers may be able to use in apprehending the offender. E. A. to provide schools at used by the white stu only coercion of whites ! i.! xl L -. -t. :i and privileges as other courageous new genera them college students and lawyers, who are many a rebellion), is a call for a duth froclamation, to aid status as tuii-lieaged until all Americans are of prejudice and hatred (at least temporarily) others in the state are attending. A. Telephone of individual actually two kinds of activity can feel sorry for such sick. social sickness that ad and its victim cannot be large. should be reported to the identification may not be 1 a2Z4a. f iTf. COMMUNICATIONS Letters to the Editor must bear the althouoh under certain circumstances for publication Is permissible. The edit ell letters with a view to clarification and condensation. Letters submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. Tha letters printed in this column do not necessarily represent the views of the paper; in fact the contrary is often Wild Hogs To the Editor: Early day herding of wild hogs has ever been an Intriguing subject to me. They were not truly wild hogs, mostly domestic hogs turned loose to root hog, or die. Some did, in hard win ters. Usually, they were rounded up in late fall after fattening on mast, acorns of the oak family. Some.escaplng the fall roundup, became truly wild hogs that is easy to do by the swine members. An occasional member of the hu man family falls for such lure. All this was high-lighted recently when visitors came for a green-corn, bean and strawberry feed. One was from Pistol river country, many years Ago. She tola of their own experiences with domestic hogs gone wild. She had listened to her husband telling of the wild hog habits. especially going to bed. un her solemn promise to be still, difficult for most females, and to also stand still hardly bat ting an eye, he took her along to see the wild hogs go to bed. It was a hard rugged climb to the high ridge that hogs seek, the air being warmer there and with the last rays of the setting sun helping. Standing stock still close by climbable trees in case things got touchy, they watched the hog herd slowly progressing by, one sow followed by five spotted pigs that were eat ing second-table, I.e., pieces of acorn from the mother's chewing, intentional or Just happenstance, we don't know. A whiff of human odor, or something, brought a sharp whoof from the sow. in stantly, the pigs took off. One scudding to the very feet of our Informant, to dive in half- hid in some cat-face tree duff. The sow. alert, moved on short distance. Our friend slipped a hand under the roily- pole pig, eyes apparently shut. to look it over, handling it gently. "Breath in its face. her husband wickedly advis ed. She did. Knowing the warm breath was not Its moth er and possibly an enemy to eat it, it started squealing bloody - murder, struggling from her hand. Instantly there were ugly looking hogs heading toward them. "Stand still," her husband whispered. 'They can't see you unless you move. ' Quieted, the hogs moved on uphill, most of them carrying grass or a leafy limb, even small pigs doing same, to add to their beds up near the ridge. The sow's five, hurry ing from hiding, seeming to known Just where she was E. J. Clifford Route 2, Box 200F Central Point, Ore. Who's Beating Who? To the Editor: As to who gets to the Moon first: Now what difference does it really make? But the Russians aren't beating us to Cuba, as some people seem to think. In fact we have been there so long that the natives are evidently tired of our Yankee ways, and are finally kicking us out. Paul F. Wilson P. O. Box 222 Talent, Ore. Bo Found To the Editor: An open let ter to the citlrens of Selma, Kerby, and Cave Junction and to Mrs. Florance Serai and Mr. and Mrs. Littlcjohn who ted and cared for Bo. We wish to express our appre ciation for their kindness and help In locating our German Shepherd Bo. To (he lookouts who were so concerned and the postal service which helped spread the news of our lost pet. we thank you. Vincent and Dorothy Stangl Dutcher creek Wilderville, Ore. MEDrOHD MAIL neme and address ot the writer, the use of a pen name or initial Mail Tribune reserves the right to the case. Not an Apostle To the Editor: Re the Sept, 14 issue of "What's Your I.Q.?": Luke was not one of the 12 apostles of Jesus. It is not believed, generally, that any of the 12 were physicans. Jim McGoodwin 1S07 East Main st. Medford. -O- Editor's note: Correct. Who's To Bleme To the Editor: As a former resident of Medford I was somewhat disappointed when I visited there this summer to hear the animosity directed toward Governor Hatfield concerning the issue of day light versus standard time. I am not an advocate of either daylight or standard time as, to me personally, it makes little difference one way or the other. But I do agree that for interstate busi ness purposes, daylight time wras a necessity. Also I have enough compassion for my fellow man who spends every day at an inside job to be lieve an extra hour of sun shine can go a long way in providing a happier summer season. I suggest that those who place the blame on Governor Hatfield for the daylight time issue avail themselves of the statement on Standard and Daylight time that he has prepared. How can anyone hold the Governor responsible in view of the facts? Mrs. E. E. Cannon S71S SE 30th st. Milwaukie, Ore. The Cost of Reading To the Ed i tor: Subject: School expenses above school taxes. First, I will list the abso lutely necessary expense to the parents for one student to enter in Medford High school. Initial fee (with yearbook) $20. Notebooks, pen, pencil, spi ral notebooks (4), gym clothes (including tennis shoes), divid ers, ream of lined paper $13.40. Plus additional expense an through the school term for paper, notebooks, etc., as ini tial stock is used up. We are told that no student can be issued class books un til the fee of $20 has been Da id or charged: and no stu dent is eligible for any school activities or games until he Dossesscs his A.S.B. card. Now. the second day of school, our sophomore daugh ter comes home and tells us and I quote from the school paper issued to her as fol lows: "The 4 books chosen for the Sophomore Guided Reading program this year are: "Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl (35c) "Tom Sawyer (65c) "The Red Badge of Courage (65c) "M a g n I f i cent Obsession (35c) "These books will be avail able at the book store on Sept 17. It is recommended that each student buv the set of four books now to avoid pos sible book store shortages lat er. The total cost of the 4 books Is S2." Note: An additional $2 and look at the title of the above books for high school reading! Also, our Junior daughter informed us she is being re quired tor forced?) to buy four books cost 75c each. or. a total of $3 on -vhich she is required to maki book re ports. May I ask why does Medford High school have a modern, up-to-date library? Or is it because someone is being able to make a "middle man profit" on these books that are TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON The Congo, a Year After HammarskjolcTs Death, Still Br PHIL NEWSOM UPI Foreign News Analyst The new bronze plaque in the General Assembly build ing of the United Nations in New York reads: -"In memory of Dag Hammar skjold . . . and those who with him lost their lives ... in quest of peace in the Congo." The unveiling Newsom came usi one day short of a year after Ham- marskjold died Sept. 18, 1961 in the crash of his chartered plane in a forested wilder ness near Ndola, Southern Rhodesia. His mission had been to negotiate a cease-fire between United Nations and secessionist Katangese forces. But even as the U. N. in New York paid deference to Hammarskjold and U. N., and Congolese forces in Leopold- ville dipped their flags in his memory, it was almost as if a year had not passed For in Elisabethville, the dreary drama of the Congo continued almost without Strictly Personal By Sydney J. Harris (c) Field Enterprises, Inc. PERSONAL PREJUDICES Women may be, as tradi tion asserts, much more fickle than men in their loves; but they are much more constant than men in their hates; no man has the capacity to hate a woman as long and as steadily as a woman can hate a man. 1 One false elegance I can not stand in . ordinary speech is tha use of "com mence" for "begin." Those who shrink from con tact with ideas end up by having nothing but sensations, which gradually diminish in pleasure as we grow older; the old people who are bored are, in the main, those whose stock of general ideas is sev erely limited. Most of the trouble in the world, from dictatorships to delinquency, is caused not by stupidity or badness, but by persons who desperately need to feel important to themselves and, lacking cre ative talent, can achieve their goal only through hate and destructiveness. It always embarrasses me when actors "milk" their ap plause - that is, when they dash back onto the stage just as the applause is dwindling away; in this respect, acting tends to lessen a human be ing's dignity more than almost any other occupation. That within us which we try the hardest to conceal from ethers la that which soon becomes most obvious to those around us; as Un In the Day's News By FRANK Notes from the Teddy-Eddie battle in Massachusetts: Teddy (Kennedy), the win ner, spent more money than Eddie (McCormack). He has reported contributions of $127,404 between early April and September 1. Eddie's re ports show receipts of $48, 947. The Kennedy machine oper ates with power and precis ion, and apparently there is always plenty of money to oil the machinery. But speaker McCormack (Eddie's uncle) holds thousands of political IOU's around Massachusetts. He has been careful not to de mand payment, but his friends are likely to remem ber these political debts. required to be purchased and read by the students? We adults call this a "captive mar ket" or "forcible buying"! To quote further from the paper issued by the school to the students regarding these "SDecial books for book re ports" that they are required to purchase: "Failure to make these book reports will result in a failing grade for that semester's work." Need I say more or may I hear from other parents re garding this situation as it ex ists in Medford High school? James E. Gent 3649 Table Rock rd. Medford. -O- Editor's note: It should be pointed out that students have several alternatives regarding the required reading books. They may buy them all at once, or at intervals through out the year. They may bor row them from the school li brary or the public library: they may use books already owned at home, or they may request the loan of a school owned book. Is Plagued by Dissention change, almost as if all that were happening now also had happened at least once before. Hammarskjold was dead and U Thant of Burma had taken his place. But Katanga President Moise Tshombe continued to play his mercurial role and events followed almost a car bon copy of the past. Agree ment ... a cease-fire . . . charges of broken faith. Early this month, Thant presented to Tshombe a plan which went far toward grant ing self-rule to the provinces of the Congo but which at the same time also contained an ultimatum to go into ef fect should Tshombe persist in his refusal to rejoin a united Congo. The plan provided that Ka tanga should share its rich mining revenues, which in the last year came to around $30 million, with the central government and that its 12, 000 soldiers should be inte grated with Congo forces. Close to the deadline set by Thant, Tshombe cabled his "enthusiastic" endorsement. Yet Tshombe's record of first agreeing and then twist cle Remus so admirably put it. "You kin hide de fire, but what you gwine do wid de smoke?" Politicians at the policy making level might make few er mistakes in office if they spend more time riding in public transportation and less in the seclusion of a chamfer ed automobile. Self-conciousnesa is the enemy of joy; the moment a person begins to ask him self if he is happy, ha is no longer so. We all think we love jus tice, but when we happen to encounter a truly just man we shudder a little lest he ap portion to us our just desserts. When a child asks soma "silly question" ha has nev er asked before, it is usual ly a sign thai he has reach ed a new plateau of intel lectual development; grow ing children who fail to ask silly questions are the ones who should be regard ed with concern by parents. People who complain that public debates never get any where" would do well to pon der the wisdom of' Joubert's observation that "It is better to stir up a question without deciding it, then to decide it without stirring it up." As we rise in tha world, the superfluous becomes the accepted, and the accepted becomes the necessary, a highly successful man is one who cannot do without the things his grandparents never even dreamed of. JENKINS - Politics is quite a game especially back East. WHAT of the battle for the " Republican nomina tion for senator from Massa chusetts? The issue there seemed to be youth vs. age. Lodge is 35. Lurtis, his opponent in the GOP primary, is 69, nearing 70. Dispatches from the battle ground report that Lodge -the winner - was the favorite - partly because he has a movie star appeal to the fem inine voters. rROP prospect in Russia, as reported by Pravda, Sov iet official newspaper: Another disaster is looming in the virgin lands wheat crop of Russia (the virgin lands are expected to produce about half the annual U.S.S.R. wheat crop). The harvest is delayed for lack of machines in sufficient repair to be used. The rains have come and the wheat is rotting in the fields. Even much grain already threshed is spoiling in the fields be cause of lack of trucks to haul it to the warehouses. This is the fourth time this same story of mechanical ineffi ciency has been told. SO MUCH for this year. Pravda reports that a breakdown in plowing prom ises another poor crop next year. Although it was plan ned to have 13 million hec tares (a hectare is 2' 7 acres) plowed by this time, Pravda's reporter says only five million hectares have been plowed IIMMMMmmmmm. 11 What was it Old Kroosh said a while back about BURYING US under the MASS of production made possible by the SUPERIOR communist system? A cog seems to have slipped somewhere. ing away called for a certain amount of skepticism proved justified. Pointing to the bodies of two dead policemen, Tshombe accused the United Nations of breaking the cease-fire. He declared: I do not believe in U Thant's good faith any longer nor in the Western nations who guaranteed his plan." Officially, U. S. policy con- Matter of Fact By Joseph Alsop e New York Herild PRESIDENT KENNEDY'S PREDICAMENT Washington - The Western Alliance is ill-prepared for the climax of the Berlin crisis, which may now be com ing in the fair ly near future. That is the only conclu sion a return i n g traveler can draw from a short survey of Western Europe. Alsop Taking the elements of the problem one by one, the so- called Berlin contingency plans are -under continuous restudy. Presumably, there fore, they have been adapted to meet the new situation created by the increased mili tary strength of Khrushchev's East German puppets. But in the event of a challenge at Berlin, the contingency plans cannot be put into effect with out the prior consent of all the governments concerned. Among these governments, the British have persistently refused to bring their forces stationed in Germany any where nearly up to strength. Despite this refusal, how the British may respond to a final Berlin challenge is still any one's guess. But the best guess appears to be that they will meet the challenge by calling for renewed negotiations. rpHE FRENCH government, - with forces on the spot far weaker than the British forces, have flatly refused to send reinforcements to Ger many, although the end of the Algerian war has now made this easy to do. It is not too much to say that France has made no prepera- tions whatever for a final challenge at Berlin. And this is understandable, since Gen. de Gaulle is operating on the theory that President Kenne dy will dodge or duck the challenge, if and when it comes - in which case the blame will be America's. Finally, the West German government, while apprehen sive of a final challenge, is mainly preoccupied by a bit ter internal argument about a reduction of defense spend ing - which could hardly be more ill-timed. Even the West German response, in truth, is very far from predictable; and this is true, although the new German divisions would prob ably be called upon to play a mere supporting role in any initial clash, since West Ger many is not one of the of ficial guarantors of Berlin's freedom. The meaning of all this should be obvious. The pos tures of our chief allies offer no sort of guarantee that they will quickly and unanimously consent to immediate enforce ment of the Berlin contingen cy plans, if and when the need arises. One ally may be stout and prompt. Two may be stout and prompt. But the odds Try and Stop Me By BENNETT CERF CHORTLY after D-Day in dispatched over the Rhineland to drop propaganda leaf- jets, ne diont check back weeks. "Where you been?" demanded his squadron leader crossly. "How could you take three weeks just to dump a load of leaflets over enemy territory?" "Dump them?" re peated the pilot in a hol low voice. "I thought you wanted me to slip one under every door!" Jayne Mansfield recalls that when she was a sweet young co-ed at the Univer sity of Texas she once walked Into a drees shop and inquired of the manager, "May I try on that bathing suit in the window?" The manager eyed her appreciatively and urged, JTSo ahead. It might help business." QUOTABLE QUOTES: "A good leader take a little more than his share of the blame; a little less than his share of the credit" Arnold Glasgow "A stubborn man doesn't hold opinions; they hold hlm"-J A. Rlbicoff. -sum "It la prudent to thank an author for hia book before reading it, so ai to avoid tha necessity of lying about it afterwards" George Sanuyana. "Hollywood la a place where people from Iowa mistake each other for stars" Fred Allen. "Give me my golf clubs, the fresh air, and a beautiful girl for a partner, and you can keep my golf dubs and the fresh air Jack Benny. ' C MC. ey Setuutt Cert. Distributed br Imuj Teaturea Syndicate tinued to call for the reunifi cation of the Congo, by force if necessary, in the belief that without the wealth of Katan ga, the Congo never could stand by itself. As Tshombe blew hot and cold and U. N. opinion re mained divided within itself, there were few who would bet that another year would not find Tshombe just where he is today. Tribune Syndicate against all three being stout and prompt are clearly rather high. e THAT fact, in Itself, Is prob ably ragarded by Nikita S. Khrushchev as his major ace-in-the-hole. Lately, the Soviets have been trying to improve in the odds against prompt and unanimous stoutness, by returning to the rocket-brandishing tactics that Khrushch ev used after his Vienna meet ing with the President. The Soviet Union is firmly and consistently championing the cause of peace, said a recent article in the army newspaper, Red Star, which then went on to threaten Brit ain, Germany, and other American allies with 100 megaton bombs. The desire to intimidate, and thereby to promote hesitations and dis cords, is too clear to need pointing out. Yet nothing will be more fatal, if there is a final challenge at Berlin, then the smallest hesitation or the shortest pause for argument among the Western allies. So viet psychology is such that their grabs must be stopped instantly, in mid-grab, so to say. Then the risk is least. But let the grab be completed; let the grabbing become an ac complished fact amid calls for negotiations and the like. Then the risk of reversing the grab will be ten times more grave. This being the case, it must be added that there are two encouraging features of the Berlin situation, to balance against those already noted. On the one hand, the Soviets seem to be preparing a limited test of the Western will to de fend Berlin, which implies some residual caution in Mos cow. THE other hand, even v th though the Western Alli ance is ill-prepared for a cli max at Berlin, the United States is very well prepared. The measures taken by Presi dent Kennedy and Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara have, importantly strengthen ed the U. S. forces in Europe. Without other assistance, the U. S. divisions in Germany should now be able to handle the kind of challenge the Kremlin appears to have in mind, with the improved East German forces. That suggests the only way out of his predicament that appears open to President Kennedy. A challenge at Ber lin cannot safely be met on a committee system, for the reasons already noted. But the President can quite safely let the West German, British, and French governments know that he means to meet a Berlin challenge alone and unaided, if that is the only way. Once that is done, we shall know exactly where we stand; and Khrushchev will soon know, too, which may be I even more useful. World War II. an aviator , in at headquarters for three
