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March 3. 1897
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eSR! jiff ;ffl.f!
Flight o' Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30. 40
and 50 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
Sept. 20, 1S52 (Monday)
Fall scheduled to arrive,
but summer remains hot and
dry; no major Ilres reported,
but grass fire numerous.
Don R. Newbury B3, Med
ford lawyer, found shot to
death; apparent suicide.
20 YEARS AGO
Eapt. 20, 1942 (Tuesday)
Medford school authorities
nnounce that class in pre-
flight aeronautics will be of
fered at Medford High school
for first time at request of
federal government.
From Arthur Perry's "Ye
Smudge Pot" column: Tomor
row its the official end of
cummer, of which many vet
eran valley weather prophets
predicted there was going to
be none."
30 YEARS AGO
Sept. 20, 1932 (Thursday)
Medford High school regis
tration totals 612, or 12 less
than permanent total for 1931.
Gov. Franklin D. Roose
velt, Democratic nominee for
president, fails to leave train
berth in near freezing early
morning temperatures at
Klamath Falls to address
crowd of 200 persons, inclu
ding Medford residents.
40 YEARS AGO
Sept. 20, 1922 (Friday)
Medford city council votes
to create water board to bring
end to numerous controversies
involving city water supply.
Local youths create "sen
sation" by appearing on Main
street In "peon pants," latest
fashion craze.
SO YEARS AGO
Sept. 20, 1912 (Sunday)
"Epidemic" of (three auto
mobile accidents reported on
Medford streets in one day.
Weed baseball "town team
defeats Medford 9 to 6 for
Southern Oregon Northern
California championship.
What's Your I.Q.?
Nine or ten correct Is superior;
seven er eight Is excellent; five ot
six is good.
1. The death of one who
executes a power of attorney
makes the power null and
void; true or false?
2. Complete the biblical
quotation, "I will lift up mine
eyes unto the hills ....
3. Which cities In Minne
sota are known as Twin Ci
tics?
4. Was the Geigcr counter
the discovery of a young
Frenchman, Belgian or Ger
man?
S. Will an airtight drum
support more weight in water
if pumped full of air undo
pressure or if exhausted of
ir?
6. Of which political soci
ety in a large American city
is the tiger an emblem?
7. Where in the Crimea did
the famous charge of the
Light Brigade occur?
8. During World War II
which large French steam
ship capsized In New York
harbor at its pier?
9. Which of the Virgin Is
lands of the United Slates is
the largest In area?
10. Presidlent James K.
Polk was born In which
State?
Answers! 1, True. 2. ". . .
from whence cometh my
help." 3. Minneapolis and St.
Paul. 4. German, 4. Exhausted
ef air. I. Tammany Society of
NYC. 7. Balaclava. I. The
Normandio. 9. St. Croix. 10.
North Carolina.
NATIONAL
SEPTEMBER 10. 1182
Emancipation
Giles French, who runs the weekly Sherman
County Journal in Moro, writes a column of para
graphs for each issue which are brief, pungent,
and to the point.
Recently, one of them was this:
"A better way to achieve integration would be
improve the quality of Negroes, not coerce the
whites."
At first glance one may say, "Why, of course,"
and let it go at that. But at second thought, the
weakness of the statement becomes obvious.
e
WHAT is the best way to "improve the quality
of Negroes"?
The best way the only way is to grant them
fuller and better education. The best way the
only way to do that is
least the equal of those
dents. And both common sense and the supreme
Court insist that equality of schooling cannot be
achieved through separate schooling.
If we accept this premise, and most of us do
so, then it follows that the
,1 a 1 1 1? ...
mat is involved ues in insisting mat wime enn
dren attend the same schools as Negroes, and
vice versa.
And why shouldn't they? Aren't they all
Americans together? Should not one American
have the same rights
Americans, regardless of the color of his skin C
THIS leads to the second form of "coercion
x which some white people resent. This is the
demands of the young,
tion of Negroes, many of
or graduates, or ministers
insisting on their rights to equal treatment, not
only in schooling, but also in the availability of
public accommodations and services.
Thev are tired of beinor second class citizens,
And who can blame them? They are tired of
being deprived of the amenities which white
people take unthinkingly for granted.
And they are going about achieving them,
not through any revolutionary use of violence
(although their provocation is as great as that
which has motivated
but through the use of non-violent techniques.
e
T'HEY are, in fact, bent on what Giles French
aAvnnaioa "imnmvinir iho nnnlifv nf Mptrrnps."
and if in doing so they are coercing whites, they
are doing so only because they themselves have
been coerced and subjugated for decades.
The Emancipation Proclamation (which was
first issued by President Lincoln 100 years ago
next Saturday, incidentally) freed many Negroes
from slavery. Now there
Century Emancipation
Negroes in attaining
citizens.
Progress has been made. More will be. But
the process will not cease
treated equally in schooling, in housing, in em
ployment, in union membership, in access to pub
ic accommodations h. A.
Catholic Integration
"The Commonweal," the magazine usually
regarded as representing "liberal" Catholic lay
thought, reports that the first-time integration of
parochial schools in Louisiana this past week,
despite some incidents
in some locations, has proceeded amazingly wen.
A maioritv of Catholic parents, black and
white alike, have accepted the integration plan
with little or no outcry. Although one school in
a rural parish was closed
for lack of students, all
now accepting both white and Negro children
Some white students have stayed away, but a
majority of them are still
This, it seems to us, is more significant
news" than is the fact that there have been
some disturbances. E.
Sickness by
There are two types
one type involved in
that we find particularly repulsive, these are
the anonymous letter writer, and the anonymous
telephone caller.
Of the two, the latter is the worst, particular
ly the obscene message giver, for there is no de
fense against him. One can always hang up, but
he can get his dirty message across before one
can realize what is happening, and he can always
n i. i ii. i ;a1
can oacK wun more ooscemues.
One can spot an anonymous letter at a glance
and throw it away unread. That is what usually
happens to those we receive.
THERE is something unclean and nauseous
'about the kind of cowardly mind that would
use the anonymity of the telephone to exercise his
own perversions. One
people, because they are
But it is the kind of
versely affects others,
permitted to remain at
The difficulty, of course, lies in tracking such
sick souls down and putting them where they no
longer can spread their particular brand of filth
Thorn have been several renorts of such calU
in Medford of late. All
police, for though an
made on the basis of one call, each report helps
round out a pattern which officers may be able
to use in apprehending the offender. E. A.
to provide schools at
used by the white stu
only coercion of whites
! i.! xl L -. -t. :i
and privileges as other
courageous new genera
them college students
and lawyers, who are
many a rebellion),
is a call for a duth
froclamation, to aid
status as tuii-lieaged
until all Americans are
of prejudice and hatred
(at least temporarily)
others in the state are
attending.
A.
Telephone
of individual actually
two kinds of activity
can feel sorry for such
sick.
social sickness that ad
and its victim cannot be
large.
should be reported to the
identification may not be
1 a2Z4a. f iTf.
COMMUNICATIONS
Letters to the Editor must bear the
althouoh under certain circumstances
for publication Is permissible. The
edit ell letters with a view to clarification and condensation. Letters
submitted for publication must not exceed 400 words. Tha letters
printed in this column do not necessarily represent the views of the
paper; in fact the contrary is often
Wild Hogs
To the Editor: Early day
herding of wild hogs has ever
been an Intriguing subject to
me. They were not truly wild
hogs, mostly domestic hogs
turned loose to root hog, or
die. Some did, in hard win
ters. Usually, they were
rounded up in late fall after
fattening on mast, acorns of
the oak family. Some.escaplng
the fall roundup, became truly
wild hogs that is easy to do
by the swine members. An
occasional member of the hu
man family falls for such lure.
All this was high-lighted
recently when visitors came
for a green-corn, bean and
strawberry feed. One was
from Pistol river country,
many years Ago. She tola of
their own experiences with
domestic hogs gone wild. She
had listened to her husband
telling of the wild hog habits.
especially going to bed. un
her solemn promise to be still,
difficult for most females, and
to also stand still hardly bat
ting an eye, he took her along
to see the wild hogs go to bed.
It was a hard rugged climb
to the high ridge that hogs
seek, the air being warmer
there and with the last rays
of the setting sun helping.
Standing stock still close by
climbable trees in case things
got touchy, they watched the
hog herd slowly progressing
by, one sow followed by five
spotted pigs that were eat
ing second-table, I.e., pieces
of acorn from the mother's
chewing, intentional or Just
happenstance, we don't know.
A whiff of human odor, or
something, brought a sharp
whoof from the sow. in
stantly, the pigs took off. One
scudding to the very feet of
our Informant, to dive in half-
hid in some cat-face tree duff.
The sow. alert, moved on
short distance. Our friend
slipped a hand under the roily-
pole pig, eyes apparently shut.
to look it over, handling it
gently. "Breath in its face.
her husband wickedly advis
ed. She did. Knowing the
warm breath was not Its moth
er and possibly an enemy to
eat it, it started squealing
bloody - murder, struggling
from her hand. Instantly
there were ugly looking hogs
heading toward them. "Stand
still," her husband whispered.
'They can't see you unless
you move. '
Quieted, the hogs moved on
uphill, most of them carrying
grass or a leafy limb, even
small pigs doing same, to add
to their beds up near the
ridge. The sow's five, hurry
ing from hiding, seeming to
known Just where she was
E. J. Clifford
Route 2, Box 200F
Central Point, Ore.
Who's Beating Who?
To the Editor: As to who
gets to the Moon first: Now
what difference does it really
make?
But the Russians aren't
beating us to Cuba, as some
people seem to think.
In fact we have been there
so long that the natives are
evidently tired of our Yankee
ways, and are finally kicking
us out.
Paul F. Wilson
P. O. Box 222
Talent, Ore.
Bo Found
To the Editor: An open let
ter to the citlrens of Selma,
Kerby, and Cave Junction
and to Mrs. Florance Serai
and Mr. and Mrs. Littlcjohn
who ted and cared for Bo.
We wish to express our appre
ciation for their kindness and
help In locating our German
Shepherd Bo. To (he lookouts
who were so concerned and
the postal service which
helped spread the news of our
lost pet. we thank you.
Vincent and Dorothy
Stangl
Dutcher creek
Wilderville, Ore.
MEDrOHD MAIL
neme and address ot the writer,
the use of a pen name or initial
Mail Tribune reserves the right to
the case.
Not an Apostle
To the Editor: Re the Sept,
14 issue of "What's Your
I.Q.?": Luke was not one of
the 12 apostles of Jesus. It is
not believed, generally, that
any of the 12 were physicans.
Jim McGoodwin
1S07 East Main st.
Medford.
-O-
Editor's note: Correct.
Who's To Bleme
To the Editor: As a former
resident of Medford I was
somewhat disappointed when
I visited there this summer
to hear the animosity directed
toward Governor Hatfield
concerning the issue of day
light versus standard time.
I am not an advocate of
either daylight or standard
time as, to me personally, it
makes little difference one
way or the other. But I do
agree that for interstate busi
ness purposes, daylight time
wras a necessity. Also I have
enough compassion for my
fellow man who spends every
day at an inside job to be
lieve an extra hour of sun
shine can go a long way in
providing a happier summer
season.
I suggest that those who
place the blame on Governor
Hatfield for the daylight time
issue avail themselves of the
statement on Standard and
Daylight time that he has
prepared.
How can anyone hold the
Governor responsible in view
of the facts?
Mrs. E. E. Cannon
S71S SE 30th st.
Milwaukie, Ore.
The Cost of Reading
To the Ed i tor: Subject:
School expenses above school
taxes.
First, I will list the abso
lutely necessary expense to
the parents for one student to
enter in Medford High school.
Initial fee (with yearbook)
$20.
Notebooks, pen, pencil, spi
ral notebooks (4), gym clothes
(including tennis shoes), divid
ers, ream of lined paper
$13.40.
Plus additional expense an
through the school term for
paper, notebooks, etc., as ini
tial stock is used up.
We are told that no student
can be issued class books un
til the fee of $20 has been
Da id or charged: and no stu
dent is eligible for any school
activities or games until he
Dossesscs his A.S.B. card.
Now. the second day of
school, our sophomore daugh
ter comes home and tells us
and I quote from the school
paper issued to her as fol
lows: "The 4 books chosen for the
Sophomore Guided Reading
program this year are:
"Anne Frank: The Diary of
a Young Girl (35c)
"Tom Sawyer (65c)
"The Red Badge of Courage
(65c)
"M a g n I f i cent Obsession
(35c)
"These books will be avail
able at the book store on Sept
17. It is recommended that
each student buv the set of
four books now to avoid pos
sible book store shortages lat
er. The total cost of the 4
books Is S2."
Note: An additional $2
and look at the title of the
above books for high school
reading!
Also, our Junior daughter
informed us she is being re
quired tor forced?) to buy four
books cost 75c each. or. a
total of $3 on -vhich she
is required to maki book re
ports. May I ask why does
Medford High school have a
modern, up-to-date library? Or
is it because someone is being
able to make a "middle man
profit" on these books that are
TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON
The Congo, a Year After HammarskjolcTs
Death, Still
Br PHIL NEWSOM
UPI Foreign News Analyst
The new bronze plaque in
the General Assembly build
ing of the United Nations in
New York
reads: -"In
memory of
Dag Hammar
skjold . . . and
those who with
him lost their
lives ... in
quest of peace
in the Congo."
The unveiling
Newsom came usi one
day short of a year after Ham-
marskjold died Sept. 18, 1961
in the crash of his chartered
plane in a forested wilder
ness near Ndola, Southern
Rhodesia. His mission had
been to negotiate a cease-fire
between United Nations and
secessionist Katangese forces.
But even as the U. N. in
New York paid deference to
Hammarskjold and U. N., and
Congolese forces in Leopold-
ville dipped their flags in his
memory, it was almost as if
a year had not passed
For in Elisabethville, the
dreary drama of the Congo
continued almost without
Strictly Personal
By Sydney J. Harris
(c) Field Enterprises, Inc.
PERSONAL PREJUDICES
Women may be, as tradi
tion asserts, much more fickle
than men in their loves; but
they are much more constant
than men in their hates; no
man has the capacity to hate
a woman as long and as
steadily as a woman can hate
a man. 1
One false elegance I can
not stand in . ordinary
speech is tha use of "com
mence" for "begin."
Those who shrink from con
tact with ideas end up by
having nothing but sensations,
which gradually diminish in
pleasure as we grow older;
the old people who are bored
are, in the main, those whose
stock of general ideas is sev
erely limited.
Most of the trouble in the
world, from dictatorships to
delinquency, is caused not
by stupidity or badness, but
by persons who desperately
need to feel important to
themselves and, lacking cre
ative talent, can achieve
their goal only through hate
and destructiveness.
It always embarrasses me
when actors "milk" their ap
plause - that is, when they
dash back onto the stage just
as the applause is dwindling
away; in this respect, acting
tends to lessen a human be
ing's dignity more than almost
any other occupation.
That within us which we
try the hardest to conceal
from ethers la that which
soon becomes most obvious
to those around us; as Un
In the Day's News
By FRANK
Notes from the Teddy-Eddie
battle in Massachusetts:
Teddy (Kennedy), the win
ner, spent more money than
Eddie (McCormack). He has
reported contributions of
$127,404 between early April
and September 1. Eddie's re
ports show receipts of $48,
947. The Kennedy machine oper
ates with power and precis
ion, and apparently there is
always plenty of money to oil
the machinery. But speaker
McCormack (Eddie's uncle)
holds thousands of political
IOU's around Massachusetts.
He has been careful not to de
mand payment, but his
friends are likely to remem
ber these political debts.
required to be purchased and
read by the students? We
adults call this a "captive mar
ket" or "forcible buying"!
To quote further from the
paper issued by the school to
the students regarding these
"SDecial books for book re
ports" that they are required
to purchase:
"Failure to make these book
reports will result in a failing
grade for that semester's
work."
Need I say more or may
I hear from other parents re
garding this situation as it ex
ists in Medford High school?
James E. Gent
3649 Table Rock rd.
Medford.
-O-
Editor's note: It should be
pointed out that students have
several alternatives regarding
the required reading books.
They may buy them all at
once, or at intervals through
out the year. They may bor
row them from the school li
brary or the public library:
they may use books already
owned at home, or they may
request the loan of a school
owned book.
Is Plagued by Dissention
change, almost as if all that
were happening now also had
happened at least once before.
Hammarskjold was dead
and U Thant of Burma had
taken his place.
But Katanga President
Moise Tshombe continued to
play his mercurial role and
events followed almost a car
bon copy of the past. Agree
ment ... a cease-fire . . .
charges of broken faith.
Early this month, Thant
presented to Tshombe a plan
which went far toward grant
ing self-rule to the provinces
of the Congo but which at
the same time also contained
an ultimatum to go into ef
fect should Tshombe persist
in his refusal to rejoin a
united Congo.
The plan provided that Ka
tanga should share its rich
mining revenues, which in
the last year came to around
$30 million, with the central
government and that its 12,
000 soldiers should be inte
grated with Congo forces.
Close to the deadline set
by Thant, Tshombe cabled his
"enthusiastic" endorsement.
Yet Tshombe's record of
first agreeing and then twist
cle Remus so admirably put
it. "You kin hide de fire,
but what you gwine do wid
de smoke?"
Politicians at the policy
making level might make few
er mistakes in office if they
spend more time riding in
public transportation and less
in the seclusion of a chamfer
ed automobile.
Self-conciousnesa is the
enemy of joy; the moment
a person begins to ask him
self if he is happy, ha is no
longer so.
We all think we love jus
tice, but when we happen to
encounter a truly just man
we shudder a little lest he ap
portion to us our just desserts.
When a child asks soma
"silly question" ha has nev
er asked before, it is usual
ly a sign thai he has reach
ed a new plateau of intel
lectual development; grow
ing children who fail to
ask silly questions are the
ones who should be regard
ed with concern by parents.
People who complain that
public debates never get any
where" would do well to pon
der the wisdom of' Joubert's
observation that "It is better
to stir up a question without
deciding it, then to decide it
without stirring it up."
As we rise in tha world,
the superfluous becomes the
accepted, and the accepted
becomes the necessary, a
highly successful man is one
who cannot do without the
things his grandparents
never even dreamed of.
JENKINS
- Politics is quite a game
especially back East.
WHAT of the battle for the
" Republican nomina
tion for senator from Massa
chusetts? The issue there seemed to
be youth vs. age. Lodge is 35.
Lurtis, his opponent in the
GOP primary, is 69, nearing
70.
Dispatches from the battle
ground report that Lodge -the
winner - was the favorite
- partly because he has a
movie star appeal to the fem
inine voters.
rROP prospect in Russia, as
reported by Pravda, Sov
iet official newspaper:
Another disaster is looming
in the virgin lands wheat crop
of Russia (the virgin lands are
expected to produce about
half the annual U.S.S.R.
wheat crop).
The harvest is delayed for
lack of machines in sufficient
repair to be used. The rains
have come and the wheat is
rotting in the fields. Even
much grain already threshed
is spoiling in the fields be
cause of lack of trucks to haul
it to the warehouses. This is
the fourth time this same
story of mechanical ineffi
ciency has been told.
SO MUCH for this year.
Pravda reports that a
breakdown in plowing prom
ises another poor crop next
year. Although it was plan
ned to have 13 million hec
tares (a hectare is 2' 7 acres)
plowed by this time, Pravda's
reporter says only five million
hectares have been plowed
IIMMMMmmmmm.
11 What was it Old Kroosh
said a while back about
BURYING US under the
MASS of production made
possible by the SUPERIOR
communist system?
A cog seems to have slipped
somewhere.
ing away called for a certain
amount of skepticism proved
justified.
Pointing to the bodies of
two dead policemen, Tshombe
accused the United Nations of
breaking the cease-fire. He
declared:
I do not believe in U
Thant's good faith any longer
nor in the Western nations
who guaranteed his plan."
Officially, U. S. policy con-
Matter of Fact
By Joseph Alsop
e New York Herild
PRESIDENT KENNEDY'S
PREDICAMENT
Washington - The Western
Alliance is ill-prepared for the
climax of the Berlin crisis,
which may
now be com
ing in the fair
ly near future.
That is the
only conclu
sion a return
i n g traveler
can draw from
a short survey
of Western
Europe.
Alsop
Taking the elements of the
problem one by one, the so-
called Berlin contingency
plans are -under continuous
restudy. Presumably, there
fore, they have been adapted
to meet the new situation
created by the increased mili
tary strength of Khrushchev's
East German puppets. But in
the event of a challenge at
Berlin, the contingency plans
cannot be put into effect with
out the prior consent of all
the governments concerned.
Among these governments,
the British have persistently
refused to bring their forces
stationed in Germany any
where nearly up to strength.
Despite this refusal, how the
British may respond to a final
Berlin challenge is still any
one's guess. But the best guess
appears to be that they will
meet the challenge by calling
for renewed negotiations.
rpHE FRENCH government,
- with forces on the spot
far weaker than the British
forces, have flatly refused to
send reinforcements to Ger
many, although the end of
the Algerian war has now
made this easy to do. It is
not too much to say that
France has made no prepera-
tions whatever for a final
challenge at Berlin. And this
is understandable, since Gen.
de Gaulle is operating on the
theory that President Kenne
dy will dodge or duck the
challenge, if and when it
comes - in which case the
blame will be America's.
Finally, the West German
government, while apprehen
sive of a final challenge, is
mainly preoccupied by a bit
ter internal argument about
a reduction of defense spend
ing - which could hardly be
more ill-timed. Even the West
German response, in truth, is
very far from predictable; and
this is true, although the new
German divisions would prob
ably be called upon to play
a mere supporting role in any
initial clash, since West Ger
many is not one of the of
ficial guarantors of Berlin's
freedom.
The meaning of all this
should be obvious. The pos
tures of our chief allies offer
no sort of guarantee that they
will quickly and unanimously
consent to immediate enforce
ment of the Berlin contingen
cy plans, if and when the need
arises. One ally may be stout
and prompt. Two may be stout
and prompt. But the odds
Try and Stop Me
By BENNETT CERF
CHORTLY after D-Day in
dispatched over the Rhineland to drop propaganda leaf-
jets, ne diont check back
weeks. "Where you
been?" demanded his
squadron leader crossly.
"How could you take
three weeks just to dump
a load of leaflets over
enemy territory?"
"Dump them?" re
peated the pilot in a hol
low voice. "I thought
you wanted me to slip
one under every door!"
Jayne Mansfield recalls
that when she was a sweet
young co-ed at the Univer
sity of Texas she once
walked Into a drees shop and inquired of the manager, "May I
try on that bathing suit in the window?" The manager eyed her
appreciatively and urged, JTSo ahead. It might help business."
QUOTABLE QUOTES:
"A good leader take a little more than his share of the
blame; a little less than his share of the credit" Arnold Glasgow
"A stubborn man doesn't hold opinions; they hold hlm"-J
A. Rlbicoff. -sum
"It la prudent to thank an author for hia book before reading
it, so ai to avoid tha necessity of lying about it afterwards"
George Sanuyana.
"Hollywood la a place where people from Iowa mistake each
other for stars" Fred Allen.
"Give me my golf clubs, the fresh air, and a beautiful girl for
a partner, and you can keep my golf dubs and the fresh air
Jack Benny. '
C MC. ey Setuutt Cert. Distributed br Imuj Teaturea Syndicate
tinued to call for the reunifi
cation of the Congo, by force
if necessary, in the belief that
without the wealth of Katan
ga, the Congo never could
stand by itself.
As Tshombe blew hot and
cold and U. N. opinion re
mained divided within itself,
there were few who would bet
that another year would not
find Tshombe just where he
is today.
Tribune Syndicate
against all three being stout
and prompt are clearly rather
high.
e
THAT fact, in Itself, Is prob
ably ragarded by Nikita S.
Khrushchev as his major ace-in-the-hole.
Lately, the Soviets
have been trying to improve
in the odds against prompt
and unanimous stoutness, by
returning to the rocket-brandishing
tactics that Khrushch
ev used after his Vienna meet
ing with the President.
The Soviet Union is firmly
and consistently championing
the cause of peace, said a
recent article in the army
newspaper, Red Star, which
then went on to threaten Brit
ain, Germany, and other
American allies with 100
megaton bombs. The desire to
intimidate, and thereby to
promote hesitations and dis
cords, is too clear to need
pointing out. Yet nothing will
be more fatal, if there is a
final challenge at Berlin, then
the smallest hesitation or the
shortest pause for argument
among the Western allies. So
viet psychology is such that
their grabs must be stopped
instantly, in mid-grab, so to
say. Then the risk is least.
But let the grab be completed;
let the grabbing become an ac
complished fact amid calls for
negotiations and the like.
Then the risk of reversing the
grab will be ten times more
grave.
This being the case, it must
be added that there are two
encouraging features of the
Berlin situation, to balance
against those already noted.
On the one hand, the Soviets
seem to be preparing a limited
test of the Western will to de
fend Berlin, which implies
some residual caution in Mos
cow.
THE other hand, even
v th
though the Western Alli
ance is ill-prepared for a cli
max at Berlin, the United
States is very well prepared.
The measures taken by Presi
dent Kennedy and Secretary
of Defense Robert McNamara
have, importantly strengthen
ed the U. S. forces in Europe.
Without other assistance, the
U. S. divisions in Germany
should now be able to handle
the kind of challenge the
Kremlin appears to have in
mind, with the improved
East German forces.
That suggests the only way
out of his predicament that
appears open to President
Kennedy. A challenge at Ber
lin cannot safely be met on a
committee system, for the
reasons already noted. But
the President can quite safely
let the West German, British,
and French governments
know that he means to meet
a Berlin challenge alone and
unaided, if that is the only
way.
Once that is done, we shall
know exactly where we stand;
and Khrushchev will soon
know, too, which may be
I even more useful.
World War II. an aviator ,
in at headquarters for three