Gresham outlook., June 12, 1914, Page 17, Image 17

13
HOMR ANT) FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
Growing Good Potatoes in the Pacific Northwest
Some Ideas on the Homely "Spud” by Men Who Know Whereof They Write.
4
brow nish g ray spots upon th e leaves.i intil th ey som etim es form c a v ities ono
<8>
<$> These spots a re irreg u larly circu lar in inch in liam cter.
T reatm ent.
<•> T his is th e fo u rth of a series of ■$> outline, are concentrically m arked and
P la n t clean seed or seed a ffected may
<!' n rlicles discussing p otato grow <§> make th eir firs t ap pearance about the
tim e tho tu b ers begin to form. The be tre a te d as for the o rd in ary scab.
<•> ing.
"W art Disease.”
<e>
<®> disease o ften causes the d estruction of
The w a rt disease causes roughened
the leaves w hile th e stem s rem ain
B y O. M. M ORRIS, H o rtic u ltu rist; J. O. green. The progress o f the disease is and w rinkled exercscenses upon the
slow, usually covering a period of three tuber. These m ay vary in size from a
H A L L , P la n t P athologist, and M. A.
or four weeks. I t does not a tta c k the pin head to an egg. The disease usually
Y OTHERS, A sst. E ntom ologist,
tu b ers and does not cause a rot. The begins around th e " e y e . ”
a t W ashington E xperim ent
"Silver Scurf.”
e ffe c t of th e disease is to reduce the
S tation.
S ilver S cu rf causes blackish olive
yield through loss o f le a f surface.
ROP ro tatio n w ill often reduce the
patches on th e su rface of th e potato
Treatment.
am ount of disease in an infected
w hich o ften cover considerable area.
field , b u t the periods of ro tatio n
The sam e m thods of control apply here The surface of th e discolored area when
should bo longer th an th ree years. The as are recom mended fo r the control of
clean tak es on a silvery or gligtening
collection and burning of the tops upou the " L a t e B lig h t.”
appearance. These areas are depressed
a diseased field will decrease the am ount
"Powdery Scab."
in the la te r stag es of the disease and
of th e fungus upon th a t field and tend
a t length th e whole surface of the tuber
T
his
disease
is
v
ery
p
rev
alen
t
in
to dim inish th e am ount of disease.
E uropean countries and has caused some is involved.
‘ ' R osette, ’ ’ " L ittle P o tato . ’ ’
T he " R o s e t te ” or " L i t t l e P o ta to ” ag ita tio n in th e q u aran tin e work of the
W. Wisner, who lives in Polk County, near
is o ften introduced in to a section w ith federal governm ent. I t appears as
th e seed potatoes. These diseased tu b ­ sm alt pim ples th a t show a slig h t d is­ Salem, pries as a rare relic a pair af spec
ers have upon th eir su rface dark brow n, coloration upon the su rface o f th e tuber. taele9 said to have been mads a t least 150
irre g u la r p atches of th e fungous th read s The tu b ers are atta c k e d from th e tim e years ago. As described by the Salem States
These are most easily seen if the tu b er th ey are the size of hazel n u ts until man these ancient "lamps' were hand made,
is w et. W hen these diseased tub ers th ey are p ractically m ature. In dry the rims at brasa and the lenses of very rude
a re p lan ted the young shoots are early soil th e disease form s sm all circu lar construction. Mr. Wianer ia 77 years ot age.
a tta c k e d by these th read s upon the p atches ab o u t o ne-quarter insh in d i­ The spectacles were first the property at a
tu b e r causing black spots upon the am eter. In w et soil th e spots develop great-grandmother.
C
♦
/
stem s near th e su rface of th e ground.
Som etim es th e stern is com pletely
girdled by disease. The fungous thread s
spread to th e underground p a rts o f the
p la n t an d may proceed upw ard above
th e su rface and form a grayish w hite
la y e r around th e stem. The effe c t of
th is lay er is to cut o ff th e supply of
food th a t should go to th e tu b e r and
th u s cause th e form ation of sm all aerial
tu b e rs upon the stem above th e ground.
W here the disease does not so a ffe c t
th e p lan ts th e tu b ers under ground are
a ffe c te d and th eir su rface may become
more or less covered w ith the ru stin g
stag e of the disease.
The e ffect upon th e p lan t is very
m ark ed a t tim es, causing th e nodes to
become shortened and so producing the
so called " R o s e t te .”
T reatm en t Is Told.
The shorten in g of th e stem and th e
consequent ro settin g of th e leaves is
accom panied by th e rolling o f th e leaves
in w ard and upw ard, especially in the
m iddle of th e day. This o ften results in
tip burn because of th e in ab ility of the
leav es to retu rn to th eir norm al posi­
tio n before th ey are exposed to th e sun
th e follow ing day.
Since tho p rin cip al m eans of spread
of th e disease is through th e use o f in ­
fected seed, all tre a tm e n t m ust bo di
rccted to w ard p rev en tiv e m easures, as
in th e case of th e scab. Clean seed and
only clean seed should be planted. I f
th e re is any doubt as to the seed being
clean and free from the disease it must
be tre a te d as fo r th e p o tato scab.
In fected tops and tu b ers should be
rem oved from th e field and destroyed
by fire. Soil b adly in fested should not
be p lan ted to p otatoes, b u t such soil
m ay be made to produce fa irly good
crops b y lim ing, clean cnlture methods
and crop rotation.
" B la c k Leg.”
P o ta to p lan ts affe c te d w ith " B la c k
L e g ” are usually read ily seen in the
field by a careful observer. T hey ap ­
p ear more or less u n h ealth fu l and some
w h a t undersized, according to th e se­
v e rity o f th e a tta c k . The branches and
leav es have a tendency to grow erect
and not spread out as mnch as usual,
th u s giv in g th e p lan t top a more com­
p act appearance. L a te r these p lan ts be
come lig h ter in color and die. The d is­
ease is certain ly known by the black
en ed stem below th o ground, although
th e color may extend in some cases two
or th ree inches above the surface. Us­
ually th e seed tu b er from which th e dis
cased p lan t grows is found to be decayed
w ith a so ft rot and may have disap
peared entirely.
F irs t, select clean seed; th a t ia, seed
from fields th a t aro not infected. See
ond, discard all potatoes th a t show
w ounds, cracks, or decayed areas. T hird,
tr e a t all seed before p lan tin g w .th for
m alin —one p in t to 30 gallons o f w ater
fu r two hours.
Diseases Bare or Unknown.
The follow ing p o tato diseases arc
e ith e r unknow n in th e s ta te or are of
no serious im port as y et, b a t may be
Come so a t alm ost any tim e
* * Early Blight ’ ’ is not serious in the
S tate Tho " E a rly B lig h t”
oauseo
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