13
HOMR ANT) FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
Growing Good Potatoes in the Pacific Northwest
Some Ideas on the Homely "Spud” by Men Who Know Whereof They Write.
4
brow nish g ray spots upon th e leaves.i intil th ey som etim es form c a v ities ono
<8>
<$> These spots a re irreg u larly circu lar in inch in liam cter.
T reatm ent.
<•> T his is th e fo u rth of a series of ■$> outline, are concentrically m arked and
P la n t clean seed or seed a ffected may
<!' n rlicles discussing p otato grow <§> make th eir firs t ap pearance about the
tim e tho tu b ers begin to form. The be tre a te d as for the o rd in ary scab.
<•> ing.
"W art Disease.”
<e>
<®> disease o ften causes the d estruction of
The w a rt disease causes roughened
the leaves w hile th e stem s rem ain
B y O. M. M ORRIS, H o rtic u ltu rist; J. O. green. The progress o f the disease is and w rinkled exercscenses upon the
slow, usually covering a period of three tuber. These m ay vary in size from a
H A L L , P la n t P athologist, and M. A.
or four weeks. I t does not a tta c k the pin head to an egg. The disease usually
Y OTHERS, A sst. E ntom ologist,
tu b ers and does not cause a rot. The begins around th e " e y e . ”
a t W ashington E xperim ent
"Silver Scurf.”
e ffe c t of th e disease is to reduce the
S tation.
S ilver S cu rf causes blackish olive
yield through loss o f le a f surface.
ROP ro tatio n w ill often reduce the
patches on th e su rface of th e potato
Treatment.
am ount of disease in an infected
w hich o ften cover considerable area.
field , b u t the periods of ro tatio n
The sam e m thods of control apply here The surface of th e discolored area when
should bo longer th an th ree years. The as are recom mended fo r the control of
clean tak es on a silvery or gligtening
collection and burning of the tops upou the " L a t e B lig h t.”
appearance. These areas are depressed
a diseased field will decrease the am ount
"Powdery Scab."
in the la te r stag es of the disease and
of th e fungus upon th a t field and tend
a t length th e whole surface of the tuber
T
his
disease
is
v
ery
p
rev
alen
t
in
to dim inish th e am ount of disease.
E uropean countries and has caused some is involved.
‘ ' R osette, ’ ’ " L ittle P o tato . ’ ’
T he " R o s e t te ” or " L i t t l e P o ta to ” ag ita tio n in th e q u aran tin e work of the
W. Wisner, who lives in Polk County, near
is o ften introduced in to a section w ith federal governm ent. I t appears as
th e seed potatoes. These diseased tu b sm alt pim ples th a t show a slig h t d is Salem, pries as a rare relic a pair af spec
ers have upon th eir su rface dark brow n, coloration upon the su rface o f th e tuber. taele9 said to have been mads a t least 150
irre g u la r p atches of th e fungous th read s The tu b ers are atta c k e d from th e tim e years ago. As described by the Salem States
These are most easily seen if the tu b er th ey are the size of hazel n u ts until man these ancient "lamps' were hand made,
is w et. W hen these diseased tub ers th ey are p ractically m ature. In dry the rims at brasa and the lenses of very rude
a re p lan ted the young shoots are early soil th e disease form s sm all circu lar construction. Mr. Wianer ia 77 years ot age.
a tta c k e d by these th read s upon the p atches ab o u t o ne-quarter insh in d i The spectacles were first the property at a
tu b e r causing black spots upon the am eter. In w et soil th e spots develop great-grandmother.
C
♦
/
stem s near th e su rface of th e ground.
Som etim es th e stern is com pletely
girdled by disease. The fungous thread s
spread to th e underground p a rts o f the
p la n t an d may proceed upw ard above
th e su rface and form a grayish w hite
la y e r around th e stem. The effe c t of
th is lay er is to cut o ff th e supply of
food th a t should go to th e tu b e r and
th u s cause th e form ation of sm all aerial
tu b e rs upon the stem above th e ground.
W here the disease does not so a ffe c t
th e p lan ts th e tu b ers under ground are
a ffe c te d and th eir su rface may become
more or less covered w ith the ru stin g
stag e of the disease.
The e ffect upon th e p lan t is very
m ark ed a t tim es, causing th e nodes to
become shortened and so producing the
so called " R o s e t te .”
T reatm en t Is Told.
The shorten in g of th e stem and th e
consequent ro settin g of th e leaves is
accom panied by th e rolling o f th e leaves
in w ard and upw ard, especially in the
m iddle of th e day. This o ften results in
tip burn because of th e in ab ility of the
leav es to retu rn to th eir norm al posi
tio n before th ey are exposed to th e sun
th e follow ing day.
Since tho p rin cip al m eans of spread
of th e disease is through th e use o f in
fected seed, all tre a tm e n t m ust bo di
rccted to w ard p rev en tiv e m easures, as
in th e case of th e scab. Clean seed and
only clean seed should be planted. I f
th e re is any doubt as to the seed being
clean and free from the disease it must
be tre a te d as fo r th e p o tato scab.
In fected tops and tu b ers should be
rem oved from th e field and destroyed
by fire. Soil b adly in fested should not
be p lan ted to p otatoes, b u t such soil
m ay be made to produce fa irly good
crops b y lim ing, clean cnlture methods
and crop rotation.
" B la c k Leg.”
P o ta to p lan ts affe c te d w ith " B la c k
L e g ” are usually read ily seen in the
field by a careful observer. T hey ap
p ear more or less u n h ealth fu l and some
w h a t undersized, according to th e se
v e rity o f th e a tta c k . The branches and
leav es have a tendency to grow erect
and not spread out as mnch as usual,
th u s giv in g th e p lan t top a more com
p act appearance. L a te r these p lan ts be
come lig h ter in color and die. The d is
ease is certain ly known by the black
en ed stem below th o ground, although
th e color may extend in some cases two
or th ree inches above the surface. Us
ually th e seed tu b er from which th e dis
cased p lan t grows is found to be decayed
w ith a so ft rot and may have disap
peared entirely.
F irs t, select clean seed; th a t ia, seed
from fields th a t aro not infected. See
ond, discard all potatoes th a t show
w ounds, cracks, or decayed areas. T hird,
tr e a t all seed before p lan tin g w .th for
m alin —one p in t to 30 gallons o f w ater
fu r two hours.
Diseases Bare or Unknown.
The follow ing p o tato diseases arc
e ith e r unknow n in th e s ta te or are of
no serious im port as y et, b a t may be
Come so a t alm ost any tim e
* * Early Blight ’ ’ is not serious in the
S tate Tho " E a rly B lig h t”
oauseo
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