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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 26, 1908)
THE ' OREGON : DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY , EVENINO.V FEBRUARY 23. 1808. WATERWAYS OTMSSION -REPORTS: 0 ART OF FINDINGS TO' CONGRESS : K U PEOPLE 1ST WORK FOR I IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS (Continued from Pare On.) coordinating the work of tlie varloua i.n.,in.ni ma far aa It relate to ' waterways. Otherwise there will not only be delay, bul lh" PODlu "bole will fall to ft from our atreama tne benefits to which they .are Justly en- " The commission recognises that the ; coat of Improving our Inland waterwaya will be large, but far leea than would be required to relieve the congestion of traffic by railway extension, 'be bene flta of such improvement will be large, also, and they will touch the dally life of our people at every point, uniting the lntereata of all tha atatea and eec- tlone of our country. The coat and beneflta ahould be equitably dlstrlb .'"' uted, by cooperation with the ataiea and the communltlea, corporatlona and in '" divlduala beneficially affected. 1 ,ieart- ' lly concur In the commissions recora- . menaation to mis enu. buku rf tlon ahould result In united effort In ' carrying out the great duty of Improv ing ir Inland waterwaya. . While we delay, our rivers remain unused, our traffle la periodically congested, and tha material weajtn ana natural -eourcea of the country related to wa terwaya are being ateadlly absorbed by great monopolies. - Among these monopolies, as the re port of the commteslon points out, there is no other which threatena or haa ever threatened euch Intolerable Interference wlUi the dally Ufa of the people as the consolidation of companies controlling watr-twer. I -call your special atten tion to the attempt of the power cor- . , poratlona. through bllla Introduced at tha present session, to escape from the possibility of government regulation in tha lntereata of tha people. These bills : are Intended to enable tha corporations i to take possession In perpetuity of rta ; tlonal forest lands for the purposes af their business, where and aa they please, wholly without compensation to the public Yet the effect of granting such . privileges, taken together with rights ' already acquired under atata laws. would be to give away, propertiea of enormous value. Through lack of 'ore eight we have formed the habit of f ranting without compensation extreme y valuable rights amounting to mo ' nopolies on navigable streams and on the public domain. The repurchase at J treat expense of water rights thus care essly given away without return has . already begun In the east, and before long will be necessary In the west also. No rights involving water power ahou'd be srranted to any corporations In per petuity, but only for a length of time sufficient to allow them to conduct 'their business profitably. A reasonable charge - should, of course, be made . for , valuable rights and privileges which tney obtain from tha national govern - mentv The values for which this charge - is mauo win uiumaieiy, inrougn am - .natural growth and orderly develop- ment of our population and industries, reach enormous amounts. A fair share - of tha Increase should be safeguarded for the benefit of the people from whose labor It springs. The proceeds thus se- 'and Improvement has been met should I and its" tributaries, whose commercial development will directly affect half our pfople. The Mississippi should be made a loop of the sea and work upon it should be begun at the earliest pos sible moment Only less Important Is the Atlantlo Inner passage, parts of which are already under way. The Inner passages along the gulf coast ahould be extended and connected with the At lantlo waters. The need for the de veloping of the Pacific coaat rlvera la not less pressing. Our people are united In support of the immediate adoption of the progressive poilcy of inland waterway development. Xalaad Development. Hitherto our national policy of In land waterway development has been largely negative. No single agency has been responsible under the congress for making the best use of our rivers, or lor exercising foresight in their de velopment In the absence of a compre hensive plan, the only safe poilcy kui one of repression and procrastination. Frequent changes of plan and piece meal execution of projects have still further hampered i Improvement A channel ia no deeper than Its shallow est reach, and to Improve a river short of the point of effective navigability Is a aheer waste of all it costs. In spite of Isrge appropriations for their Im provement, our rivers are less service able for Interstate commerce today than they were half a century ago, and in aplte of the vast Increase in our popu lation and commerce they are on the whole less used. The first condition of successful de velopment of our waterways is a definite and progressiva poilcy. The second la a concrete general plan, prepared by the best experts available, covering every use to which our streams can be put We shall not succeed until the re sponsibility for administering the policy and executing and extending the plan is dennliely lata on one man or group of men who can be held accountable. Every portion of the general plan should consider and so far as practicable se cure to the people the use of water for power, irrigation, and domestic supply as well aa for navigation. No project i should ba begun until the funds neces sary to complete it promptly aro pro vided,1 -and no plan once under way ahouldi be changed except for grave rea sons. Work once begun should be prosecuted steadily and vigorously to completion. We must make sure that projects are not undertaken except fur sound business reasons, and that the best modern business methods are ap plied in executing them. The decision to undertake any project should rest on actual need ascertained by lnvestlga tlon and Judgment of experts and on lta relation to great river systems orto the general plan, and never on mere clamor. rrooeoda for Water rower. The improvement of our inland waterways can and ahould be made to pay for itself so far as practicable from the Incidental proceed from water power and other uses. Navigation should of course be free. But the greater return will coma from the in creased commerce, growth, and proa opie. SOME POINTS FROM MESSAGE Thj commission realizes that the cost pf improving our i inland waterways would be large, but far less than would t be- required to relieve the congestion of traffic by railroad extension. , I call your special attention to the attempt of the power ful corporations, through bills introduced at the present aes- sion, to escape irom tne possiDiiuy oi government regulation 1 in behalf of the people. i i, i The improvement of our inland waterways should be ', made to pay for itself so far as practicable from the incidental proceeds of water power and other uses. Deritv of our people' For this ?n hnv naturally bo devoted to the development I already waited too long. Adequate vi our imana waterways. I xunas snouia oe provided, uy bond issue -i no report jusuy cans attention to Waste of Besonrces. . the fact that hitherto our national pol icy naa oeen one or almost unrestricted . v disposition and waato of natural re- , . sources, ana empnasises tne xunoamen ' tal neceaslty for conserving these re sources upon wnicn our present ana ru . -ture success aa a nation primarily rests. Running water is n. moat valuable natu - .ral aaset of the people, and there la urg ent need for conserving It for naviga- tlon, for power, for irrigation and for domestic ana municipal supply. , The commission was appointed to ob tain information concerning our water--wys aa related to the general welfare. Much work waa done, but more remains ..to oe done berore a plan for their de . '-velopment can be prepared in detail. 'We need Additional information on the -flow of our streams, the condition of . cnannejs, the amount and cost of water traffic the reauirementa for terminals. 'the area in each watershed which uhnuld be kept tinder forest, and the means of . preventing sou-waste and - the conse . ' quent damage to oUr rivers. But it is neither necessary nor desirable to post , pone the beginning of the work until ; all the facts are obtained. We have suffered heavily In the paat from tha lack of adequate transportation facill ties, and unless a beginning .is made promptly we shall suffer still more heavily in the future. 'Being without -funds or an expert ( staff, the commission has confined Itself , to principles affecting the whole prob. lem and the entire country. Its report is a plea, in tne jignt or actual Tacts, ' ror simplicity and directness in dealing with the great problem of our Inland y waterways In the interest of the peo v pie. It submits no specific plans or recommendations concerning even the '. most important projects. The first of : these of course concerns the Mississippi - VrHl If there are any weak :; spots in your armor, the :l - spring rains will find i: them, co ! Better get inside one I of our new Sping Rain 1 coats, $15 to 520. CLOTH Ml G CO IC5-163 Third Street If necessary, and the work should be delayed no longer. The development of our waterwaya and the conservation of our foreata are the two most pressing physical needs of the country. They are Interdependent, and they ahould be met vigorously, together, and at once. ine questions or organisation, powers, and appropriations are now before the congress. There is urgent need for prompt and decisive action. THEODORE KOOSEVELT. February 26, 108. Following the president's message the report of tha commission was read aa ioiiows: The Investigations and discussions have resulted in certain statements of ract connected with navigation and oth er uses or the Inland waterways set forth hereinafter as findings, with cer tain conclusions set forth as recommen- -twi,ci, mm mav ici lain limners 91111 under discussion which are set forth as inquiries in progress. The commission is fullv ivan that Its creation was due to a demand of the people, and that there exists an expec tation in certain localities that the re port here presented will lnclud plans extending fn detail to the principal wa terways us. tne country, to prepare and consider such plans would require ex- iohubu Biuuy ai larire exnensn hv on. gneers and other experts whose services wero not avauaDie. under the lnstruc tions from the president, and in the ab - "i- iuuus auu oi me men anu time required for such study, the commission was necessarily confined in preparing this preliminary report to the more general features of ''a comprehensive pian uesignea ior tne oenerit ot the en tire country." viz.. a statement of nHn. clplea and an outline of policy, coupled wnii i cLuuiiuenuaiions wnicn ir adopted will Insure tha continuation and the practical application of the principles and policy. Findings. 1. The Possibilities of tnlnnrl naviga tion are indicated by the fact that thera are in mainland United States some 25,- uuu mnes or navigated rlvera and at least an equal amount which ar nnvi. gable or might be made so by improve ment: there are also some 2.500 miins nt navigable canals, and over 2,500 miles of sounds, bays and bayous readily con nectable by canals aggregating less than 1.000 miles in lensrth to form inner nno. sages paralleling the Atlantic and Gulf coasts these being additional to some tnousands or miles (reckoned hcrwopn leading ports) of regularly navigated waters In lakes and land-locked bays. These waterways He in or along the borders of Alabama. Arkansas. Califor nia. Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Oeorgla, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota. Mississippi. Missouri. Mon tana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey. New York. North Carolina. North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Penn sylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, soutn Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Ver mont. Virginia. Washington. West Vir ginia and Wisconsin, 1. e.. 42 states; while the development of rivers for ir rigation, power, and other purposes will also render navigable certain waterways in Arizona, Colorado, Nevada. Naw Mex ico, Utah and Wyoming. Although It is not probable that any considerable share or tnis vast mileage ot navigable water ways will be improved to a high stand. ard of efficiency at least at an early aate, yet tne assured growth, or the country and the capacity of these waters not only for navigation but for other uses render imperative the necessity for mcir control ana utilisation as an asaet of almost unlimited value. It is desir able that these waterways, of which por- iiuii iibvv ueen surveyed or improved for purposes of navigation, should be further Investigated with a view to the systematic development of interstate commerce In coordination with all other uses of the waters and beneflta to ba da rived from them. Bail way Congestion. J. While, tha railways c mainland ITnltfd States have been notably effi cient in extending and promoting the nMwi.mtlAn n.1 nnmmltrpi of the coun ir it ! rlsar that at seasons recurring n-ith in,raainar frwiimncv they are un able to keep pace with production or iu meet the requirements of transportation. Waterway jtestoratlon. u-hit navis-atlnn of the inland waterways declined with the Increase In rail transportation during me inirr u- n.,n. nf ik. naat rinturV. It has P' come clear that the time Is at hand for restoring and developing sum iiiis.hu na.rlirnllnfl nH Wltr I Tn PO T t ft 1 1 OH aS upon expert examination may appear to confer a Denerit commensumio mm co,t, to be utilised Dojn inarycnuounj nil ns a necessary adjunct to rail reimportation. Hallway Competition. whiu tha decline of navigation in the inland waterways was largely due to the natural growth and legitimate competition attending railway extension. t Is also clear mat railway unoresia have been auccessfully directed against ilm normal maintenance and develop ment of water traffic by control of wa terfronts and terminals, by acquisition or control of competing canals and ves- ela, by discriminating tantrs. oy re bates, by adverse placement of tracks nd structures, and by other meana. Kallwaya, Waterways. 8. Anv comDlete or practically suc cessful plan for the general improve ment of waterways must eventually provide for satisfactory adjustment of the relation of rail lines to such water ways. Since present and prospective railways reach all parts of the country while navigable waterways are con fined to certain natural lines. It Is clear that railways can so control transpor tation as to leave the waterways in sufficient traffic to support the requi site vessels and terminals. The rail ways have accordingly, save In certain exceptional cases, substantially ab sorbed the traffic of the country, and unless the present unrestricted and short-sighted competition between the two systems is intelligently adjusted they will continue to do so. 8o large a portion of railway traffic is free from water competition that railways can readily afford to so reduce rates on those portions affected by such compe tition as to destroy the profits of tha water lines without appreciably affect ing the profits of the rll systems which recoup these reductions by high er rates elsewhere. This haa been the case with most of the great Inland wa terways, exceotlna- the Great Lakes, where the conditions of water and traf fic approach those of open seas. In spite of the great Increase of traffic and the continued improvement oi wa terways, the total river traffic of the country has steadily decreased potn proportionately and absolutely, with the result mat rew rivers are usea ro any thing aDDroachlna their full capacity. It will not relieve traffic congestion to improve our waterways unless tne im proved waterways are used; hence It Is obvious that relief from the existing con irea tlon bv waterway improvemen can be made permanently effective only through aucn coordination oi run anu water facilities as will insure harmo nious cooperation rather than Injurious opposition. Commercial Data. 6. Existing data as to the nature and amount of the internal commerce of the country are extremely meager and in complete, such information ia essential to the intelligent treatment of the ln- land waterways, and it is desirable that means be employed to oDtain it. Purification. 7. Improvements of navigation In In land waterways in tne main anect xa forably the purity of the waterways and the regularity of the supply, and these tuny Kept oblecta should be carefully kept In mind. The increasing pollution of streams by soil-wash and other waste substances connected witn a growing population reduces the value of the water for manufacturing purposes, and renders the water supply for communi ties injurious to and often destructive of human life. The prevention or tnese evils should be considered in any scheme of inland waterway Improve ment. Begun entatlon. 8. Engineering works designed to Im prove navigation affect favorably the regimen of the streams, Including floods and low waters. The annual floods of the United States occasion loss of property reaching many millions of dol lars with considerable loss of life, while the low water of late summer Involves large loss in diminished water supply. In reduced power, and in the fouling of streams, with consequent disease and death. It has been claimed that In spe cific cases the cost of works required both to control floods and meet the needs of commerce would be less than the amount of this loss. It is desir able that more detailed information be collected concerning the effecta of floods and low waters and their prevention by engineering works and other devices. . The annual soil-wasrr in raa.iiuanu United States is estimated at about a thousand million tons, of which me greater part Is the most valuable por tion of the soil; it is carried into the rivers, where it pollutea the waters, necessitates frequent and costly dredg ing, and reduces the efficiency of works designed to facilitate navigation and afford protection from floods. The di rect and indirect losses irum inn ouurc-e have not been measured, but are exceed ingly large; and it is desirable that definite determinations be made with the view of devising means for reduc ing the loss to the land and preventing the impairment of the streams for pur poses of commerce. 10. Both the regimen of streams and the purity and clarity of waters are af fected by forests and other natural growth, and bv farming, mining and other industrial operations over the wa tersheds in which they gather. Mil lions of acres in mainland United States have been deforested unnecessarily, and the floods and low waters ascribed to this cause have in some localities occa sioned losses commensurate with the value of the timber. Means should be devised and applied for coordinating fnrestrv - farmine. mining and related industries with the use of streams for commerce and for otner purposes. 11. The effect of wide variations In th lovAi ot navieable streams is to render difficult the establishment ot, necessary terminals for the handling of traffic, and thus to interfere seriously with tha utilization of our inland wa terways. The prevention or mitigation of such variations would be most help ful to the revival of river traffic, and means to this end should be adopted In plans for waterway improvement. Irrigation. 11. The storaara of flood waters. combined with the diversion of streams to arid and semi-arid lands for pur poses of reclamation by irrigation, cre ates canals, and also tends to clarify the waters and increase the seepage or return waters during times of drought. There have already been put under Ir rigation over 10,(100,000 acres of fertile land, adding 260.V0O homes and several hundred million dollars of taxable wealth, and it la estimated that by fully conserving the watera and by utilising the water-power developed in connection with storage and other works fully three times as much land can be reclaimed In the western half of the United States, it is desirable to con tinue the collection of data with a view to so adjusting Irrigation and power development with navigation and other uses of the streams as to secure the highest value of the water to the greatest number of people. Vower. 13. Locks and certain other works designed to Improve navigation com monly produce head and atore water in such manner as to develop power avail able for industrial purposes, while worm designed to develop power on navigable and source streams affect the navigation and other usea of river systems, and these uses must neces sarily be considered together. Infor mation concerning water-power In the several states and sections is Incom plete, yet it is known to be a vast and Intrinsically permanent aaset which should be utilised for the benefit of the people of the country, in whose Interests it should be administered with careful resard for present and prospect ive condltloi.3. The facts ascertained In certain specific cases furnish a basis for the claim that the value of the power would pay the cost of all en gineering and other work required In such cases to control the atreama for navigation and other uses. In the light of recent progress in electrical appli cation It Is clear that over wide areas the appropriation of water-power of fers an unequaled opportunity for mo nopolistic control of Industries, Coordination. 15. The control cT wntirwa v on which successful navigation depends is so intlmatelv conneetei with the pre vention of floods and low waters, and works designed for these purposes; with the protection and reclamation nf overflow lands, and works designed therefor; With the safeguarding of banks and maintenance of channels, and works employed therein; with the puri fication and clarification of water sup ply, and works designed therefor in conjunction with interstate commerce; with control and utilisation of power developed in connection with works for the improvement of navigation; with the standardizing of methods and facul ties and the coordlnatiag of waterway and railway Instrumentalities; and inrougnout tne larger area of tne coun try with reclamation by irrigation and drainage, and works designed primar ily for these- purposes that local and special questions concerning the con trol of waterways should h trAnt1 aa a general question of national extent, while local or special projects should be i-uiiBiucrnn as Parts or a cnmnrohAtu v. policy of waterway control in the inter ests of all the people. Benefits. , 18. It Is ronurvatlv a that Judicious improvement nt tha waterways of the eounffv will nnf. direct benefits through Increased trans portation facilities which will exceed the COSt. While the rnllntaral Wflt. will be at least comparable with the gain to commerce. Under a coordi nated plan, such collateral benefits as the enhanced value of lands rviaimH y irrigation and drainage, the value f water-power develnnM th innr.o. Values due to the prevention ct n. and low waters, and the great benefits i vxi'i'cu sna ciaruiea water, will works n alance th9 cost ' th si v ir a u ass. isi slt m. m i i mar Mr Z V? if II I" t fjT " - i i - . iss. . i-y i ffliMitill This limerick lacks one line of completion. we will give a half pound Ghirardelll's Cwcoa can full, of silver dollars (93) for the bost line submitted to complete It. In case more than one person submits the line selected as best the money will be divided pro rata. One. person may send many solution! as he wishes: there is no limit. The correct answer may be sent in any form, but we prefer that it be written upon the back of a label taken from any size can of Ghirardelli's Cocoa. An swers must be mailed on or before April 1. plainly addressed to GHIRARDELLI'S Con- rV.tfii;Vy test Dept., 20 Montgomery St, San , fCimiyJ Francisco. Here'a the -Limerick": A sickly young student at Yale Tried to strengthen himself upon ale, But a wise "College Widow" Said, "Cut it out, Kiddo, an n tn u i ri mmlMmmi - -V (Leu Than a Cent a Is made with scrupulous, conscientious care and old fashioned attention to cleanliness, purity, goodness and quality. No Cocoa at any price can be better or more delicious. jYour grocer sells and recommends it Bankers and Lumbermens BANK I Administration. 22. In order to improve h Inland waterways for. navigation ni .t h same time coordinate the agencies and means or transportation, develop the collateral benefits of watnnnv im provement, adapt all natural and Indus trial conditions related with waterways to the attainment nf nM,.im. 1 ins at the minimum coat ani nartt means for distributing the cost equit ably between federal agencies, atates. municipalities, communities, corpora tions and Individuals in a prompt and efficient and economical manner, if i. ealrahie to maintain on niii.i Ive agency with large powers for the nvstlgation and elaboration of protects Receives Accounts of Individuals Merchants Manufacturers Corner Second & Stark Streets Portlandj'Orcgon Capital $250,000.00 nder suitable legislative regulation. Conservation. 21. The Immediate us of nitnni . ources ia the rapid develonmnt nf th. country are often allowed to stand In the war of more beneficent and perma nent utilization. This la especially true of all resources connected with running waters, the substantial value of which has not been adequately appreciated. It Is clearly practicable, without undue ex pense or Interference with current use. to carry out broad plans for the com plete development of the resources of the country, and thua assure to the greatest number of people the greatest good for both the present and the fu ture; while If this la not done th tem porary or partial deevlopment of these resources will prevent their full uttliaa- ijv . , eenei benefit. Steps hould be taken without delay to out- anu initiate the more pressing projects of conservation, and to apply practically the principle of conservation before it is too late. Regulation. 24. Our UnRUroftSRpri nntural wAalth nu tne eagerness nf nnr nsnni. tn- im meoiate results regardless of future needs have led to a policy of extrava gant COllHUmPtlon nf nt.Hnr.nl and to an encouragement of monopoly whereby an excessive share of such re sources has been diverted to the en richment of the few rather than pre served for the equitable benefit of the many Monopolistic tendencies have ap peared (a) in the extensive control of mineral fuels on public lands whereby yaiutu cuoenuai to tne develop ment of the country have passed beyond public regulation; (b) In tne acquisition and needless destruction of forests whose preservation is a public necessity iu, ou cojii ;umrui, ior timDer supply, and for other purposes; (c) in the ac quisition of controlling altes on water ways and the appropriation of valuable water powers with their segregation from public use without adequate com pensation, wherebv Indispensable utili ties escape public regulation 'in the interests of the. people; (d) in the seg regation of lands, especially In the semi arid regions, whereby development is retarded so that the lands remain with. out benefit to commerce or advantage to the growth of the countrv: () in th control of products and of transporta tion to disturb the normal values and natural channels of trade, thereby im posing burdens on producers and con sumers; and (f) in various interferences with the production and commerce of TV I IS WO M. Laoo Pres.. TMtO.aWiwcxMV.PJ I LUMBCM ETC HANOI SUIIOINO) f sfl OUR NEW POLICIES OFFER ALL1 THAT IS BEST IN LIFE CONTRACTS EITHER TO BUY OR SELL. Low Non-Participating Rates High Cash Values SUPERIOR INDUCEMENTS OFFERED TO RELIABLE ACTIVE AGENTS. Apply to JZ8BB B. flEJ.Hr, Manager of Areata. 914 tnmber Exchange Blag. the country, whereby prosperity is cur tailed and progress Impeded. While such monopolistic tendencies have been conspicuous in connection with the agencies of transportation, they are now in many cases opposing the best utiliza tion of streams by diverting their con trol from state and federal Jurisdiction In the public Interests to personal and corporate means of excessive and bur densome profit. Since transportation is a primary factor in the existence and development of any people, and Is in creasingly important with the growth nf population. It is essential that its means should be regulated, In the public Interests; and any plans for relieving congestion of transportation in the United States should be so framed as to employ all proper state, federal and municipal agencies in protecting from monopolistic control not onlv the agencies and avenues but, also the ma terials of Interstate commerce. Xeoonunenda tions. We recommend that hereafter plana for the improvement of navigation in Inland waterways, or for any use of these waterways m connection wttn Interstate commerce, shall take account of the purification of the waters, the de velopment of power, the control of floods, the reclamation of lands by IrH- gatlon and drainage, and all other uses of the waters or benefits to be derived from their control. We recommend that hereafter both local and general benefits to the people shall be fully considered in any such plans for the Improvement of naviga tion in Inland waterwavs. or for anv use of these waterways In connection with Interstate commerce; and that wherever practicable federal agencies shall co operate with states, municipalities, com munities, corporations, and Individuals with f view to an equitable distribution of costs and benefits. We recommend that hereafter, any i plans for the navigation or other use of Inland waterways in connection with interstate commerce shall take full ac count or transfer facilities and sites and of the location of tracks, s-mitna. bridges, dams, depots and other works on navigable and source streams with a view to equitable cooperation between waterway and railway facilities for the promotion of commerce and the benefit or tne people. We recommend that anv plans for Im proving the inland waterways shall take account of the present prospective rela tion of rail lines, to such waterways, and flhall ascertain so far as may be whether such waterways when' Improved will be effectively used In the face of railway competition; and that the rela tions between railways and waterwaya be further examined with the nurnnaa of devising meana of rendering the two systems complementary and harmonious ana making such fair division of traffic that rates and management mav b co ordinated economically with benefit to tne country. Commercial Data. We recommend the adoption of means for ascertaining regularly all facte ref lated to traffic on the inland waterways ana ror puoiisnmg tne same tn a rorm suitable for general use. We recommend the adoption of means for ascertaining and rendering available, at such rate as to meet public necessi ties, all requisite data related to the physical character and general utility of the navigable and source streams of the country. We recommend that hereafter any plans for the use of inland waterways In connection with interstate commerce shall regard the streams of the countrv as an asset of the people, shall take full account of the conservation of all resources connected with . rannin watera, and ahall look to the protection i of these resources from monopoly and Establish Your Credit I N the banking world by open- . ing up an account-wit K us. Every department of modern banking is in operation at our institution. German-' American Bank Sixth and Washington Streets Portland, Oregon Safe Deposit Boxen $4 and up per year We recommend that tha conaraa be asked to make suitable provtsior1 ior improvinar tne inland waterwav of the United States at a rate com mensurate with the needs of the people as determined by competent authority, and we suggest that such provision meet these requisites, via: expert fra.rn.lna t f rieflnftA MrtHnv nn.fntni.i f. ity and coordination of plan and work expert Initiative In the chdlce of projects ana me succession or works ireeuum in selection or projects in- afr cordance with terms nf innnrai and the widest opportunity for aonlvJ ln evi Arlarn "KnatMAesi .il vw-w.l legislation. i .we recommend that the eongrer 4 ii 4 4 4 4.
