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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 25, 1963)
PAGE- I1F.RALD f Chipping Breaking into the hard core of the coun try's unemployment is beyond doubt the toughest domestic dilemma outside the ra cial field. The two problems are, of course, not unrelated, since a good portion of the chron ically unemployed in some distressed areas are unskilled or low-skilled Negro workers, v: How can the employables among the hard core be salvaged? Obviously, countless numbers might he "soaked up" if the general level of the econ omy rose greatly. To achieve this is the stated aim of President Kennedy's tax cut plan. But if there is no tremendous economic upthrust with or without a tax cut then more and more stress will have to be put on other methods of salvage. The various area redevelopment and general manpower retraining programs are ' the present chief reliance. Nationally, and as seen in such critical .. "distress" areas are found in parts of West " Virginia and Pennsylvania, some quite re spectable figures can be mustered to the point that many unemployed individuals have been or are being retrained and a fair share of these are finding jobs. How much hope one sees in this de pends partly on whether he wishes to em- phasize the psychological benefit of "some progress" or to stress the long, long road still to be traveled. '' The biggest drawback appears to be ' that automation is moving along at so rapid a pace even by conservative estimates that old jobs are disappearing as fast or faster than new ones can be created. By RALPH de TOLEDANO UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. -Like tho United Slulcs, the Unit ed Nations lias takon up the habit of going into debt. For some years, it has been spend ing more than it takes in, due simply to the (act that some member slates just don't pay their regular and special assess ments. In the past, Uncle Sam found a Way to make up the balance, but Congress has put its foot down to a certain ex tent, so Secretary General U " Thant has been scrambling (or bucks just like theo or me. ' I think It is interesting that whereas in 1M59 the U.N. was able to collect 99.9 per cent of the assessments on its regular budget, in 1W2 that figure had dropped to 80.2 per cent. In oili er words, delinquent members had shortchanged the U.N. of $13.22 million in one year. Delin quencies on special assess ments have been far higher. The United Nations Emergency Force, which is presumably keeping the peace In the Middle East, has been able to collect only 70.8 per cent of the tab for the past year, and it is in the hole for $27.65 million. The United Nations "Congo ac count" the bill for the dubious activities of U.N. troops in the Central Congo and in Katanga is even limpcr. Only SO per cent of the money due the U.N. treas ury has come in and J7R 2 mil lion is outstanding on the red sido of tho ledger. In all, tho United Nations Is behind $121.6 million, which is a lot of cash for a debating society. As everyone knows, the U.N.'j bookkeeping Is on the wild side. The United States pays 32 per cent of the regular budget. The Soviet Union bigger in size and population, and claiming a 1 1 kinds of economic muscle is socked for only J4.9 per rent. Great Britain comes next, with ;7 6 per cent, and the rest is in ; small percentages. Yet Mali. Haiti, and a host of other cnun ' tries, whose assessment is O.N 'per cent, have as much of a say in General Assembly affairs as the United States. This was not intended when the United Nations charter was signed. It became an interna, tional fact of life as a result of then-Secretary of State Dean Achoson'a manouverings to get U.N. approval of the Korean "police action" which we had been forced to enter as a result of the Truman Administration short-sighted Far Eastern poli cies. By shifting power from tho Security Council to the Assem bly, Mr, Acheson achieved his AND NEWS, Klamalh Falls, Oregon Away At The Core In its general aspect the problem is not unlike that India confronts as it tries to raise its people's living standards at the same time it is being engulfed in a rising popula tion tide. There is another difficulty. In many places, the retraining effort has had a cer tain looseness to it. Not always has it been clear that men retrained in particular fields would find jobs waiting in those fields. And this even though honest effort has been made to gauge the needs of business and industry. What seems required, but up to now has been managed only spottily, is a very close communication between business and the retraining program. The retrainers need to be told by business managers that they will hire specific numbers of men trained in a specific array of skills. Then, with considerable saving in ener gy, money and personal hopes, unemployed workers can be fitted for work they know beyond question will be waiting for them. Right now, through the co-operation of the Chamber of Commerce and state-local government officials, Philadelphia is en gaged in just such a manpower project. If it works as well as it should, Pittsburgh and other Pennsylvania cities may be getting the same thing. The results of such carefully pinpoint ed efforts to match jobs and men may not be massive, at least at the outset. But the at tainment could be very real and very solid. In an age when "solutions" to the un employment problem seem so wispy and il lusory, solid gains even though small must be welcomed by us all. IN WASHINGTON . . . How United Nations Runs Its Business purpose, but since then the U.S. has had a tiger by the tail. There is no Veto for us in the General Assembly and some day the small stales w ill hand us our head on a platter. Because of tho importance of the General Assembly today, it would seem obvious that the United States would insist that those countries in arrears 1)0 de prived of their votes as tho charier demands. Yet there nre at least 47 coun tries today that owe the United Nations part or all of their reg ular dues. There are at least 58 countries that owe their share of Ihe tariff for the United Nations Emergency Force and 07 coun tries or more behind in full or in part on the bill (or the Congo operation. For an organization of some 100 members, this is hardly a shining record. . The Soviet Union, for exam ple, owes almost $50 million. The Ukraine, listed as a sepa rate country (as agreed at Yal ta', owes close to $7 million, Byelorussia $1.8 million, The captive nations are among the most active delinquents. Ghana and the United Aral) Republic, consislent trouble-makers at the United Nations, arc also in debt to Ilio world organization and Ihe list goes on and on. "Hey, tiJtl, ubnt lay wt loin up uitb Friday, October 25, 1963 Yet Secretary of State Dean Rusk has not mounted any while charger to rectify this situation and Ambassador Adloi Ste venson, our voice at the United Nations, seems to be above such mundane matters. There is occasionally talk from Washington ubout taking a firm stand to implement deci sions of the World Courts on de linquent nations, but these are always forgotten once the Con gress has appropriated money for tlie United Nations. A so called Working Group of Twenty-One has been sot up to work out some arrangement (or Ihe orderly and consistent collection of ilues and assessments, hut its work is likely to end in frustra tion. France, to name but one coun try, has steadily opposed Hie Congo operation '1 must admit with justice) and refuses flatly to he taxed (or its cost. She has threatened not to serve on tho Working Group and to deduct Irom her regular dues her share in the interest and repayment o( I lie United Nations bunds which, wo were told, would solve all of the U.N.'s financial difficulties. Given this situation, there are few who aren't convinced that those difficulties will get worse before they get belter if. in deed, they ever do. W off then bttrit tni Btn BelUt" To By PHILLIP M. LANDRUM Georgia Congressman Complaints of bias in the han dling of unfair labor practice cases by the National Labor Relations Board are far from new. They have been made and documented repeatedly through nearly all the years of the board's existence. Almost from its inception with the Wagner Act in 1IIS5, this board has been under public and congressional fire for failure to perform its du ties in an even-handed impartial manner. Congress passed the Taft-Hartley law in 1947, not alone to re dress a basic statutory imbal ance but also to undo the dam age wrought by biased NLRB decisions. So-called NLRB loop holes became the rule, and the very abuses which Congress had ordered stopped continued to grow. Once again, in 1959. Congress expressed the will of the people to end these abuses with the passage of the Landrum-Griffin Act. Numerous Labor Board rul ings have been made which tor ture the language of the statute and distort the letter and the spirit of the law. Once again abuses grow and flourish which the Act clearly banned. There appears to be a studied and de liberate effort to achieve admin istrative appeal of the Act. 1 will not burden you with a recital of all the Labor Boad de cisions which have operated to legalize again many o( the most flagrant abuses which the peo ple and Congress sought to elim 'Dear Gen. de Gaulle, Adenauer Has Retired. Macmillan Has Retired. Just Thought I'd Drop A Line To Ask How Are Things With You?' "bi! ; Vvlf 7 Purely Personal Prejudices: One of the saddest sights in Ihe world is a man who. at the same time, looks aged and im mature; w ho has become gray and lined beyond his years, and yet has not acquired the charac ter to match his appearance. "Giving an example" is not proof anything, except of giv ing an example; we all know that one swallow docs not make a summer, yet we persist In try ing In prove our dubious points by Muslims a 1 1 1 1 or two from the hushes and calling them a "flock." When parents correct or repri mand a child, they should never say, "I'm only doing it (or your own good." which Die child quite properly resents as smug hypocrisy; they should say. it anything, "I'm doing it for my own good. lecause it makes me feel belter lo try to make you into the kind of child 1 want you lo be." When a bright man wants to be incessantly clever in conver sation, he almost invariably makes a tool o( himself: his wit, of which he is so proud, usually becomes the very vehicle of his downfall. Some people can relu.-e to do a fax or with more grace than others can confer a favor; and we would ratlicr be refused with tact than obliged with oily self satisfaction. Speaking of Ixpes of person alities. I'm fond of the anony mous deflncr ol a "pessimist" as being "somebody who's been forced to Ihr th an npllmlsl." We cannot understand why boys generally follow the lowest and wilde.-t among tliom, unless we recognize that hoys need a xent for their anti social impuls es, ami Hie leadership of such a boy alkws tlwm to give free rein to their rebelliousness with out assuming tlie prime rcspon- Restore Equal Rights Under The Law inate. There are too many such decisions. Merely to illustrate just one area where the NLRB has undertaken a freewheeling operation which has no sanction under the law, I refer to deci sions in which the board has heavily encroached on manage ment's right to manage. This line of decision holds that a business enterprise must bar gain, not alone on wages, hours, and working conditions as the statute specifies, but on a vari ety of major economic business judgments as well. Through these cases the Labor Board says, in effect, that man agement may no longer make its own decisions on the efficien cy, competitiveness, or even the very survival of its business, that it may no longer make its own decisions on the location of facilities, on the future of tile business, that, in fact, it may no longer decide for itself wheth er It will stay in business or whether it will go out of busi ness. This eye-opening NLRB doc trine about management prerog atives is but one of the latest of a long line of extra-statutory powers this board has arrogated to itself. It is obvious that corrective action cannot longer be post poned. Month by month, year by year, the NLRB itself by its own decisions has systematical ly put Congress and the people on notice that it is futile to en tertain further hope of a reason able coiuse in future board decisions. The 25-year record of performance by the NLRB in the STRICTLY PERSONAL. ny SYDNEY J. HARRIS sibility for their deeds; Ihe bold leader is popular not because they value him in himself in the end they desert him but because he embodies their re pressions, and they are using him more than he is using them. The fatal defect with most flatterers is (hat they put so much cheese in the trap that there's no room left for the mouse. It is easier to respect a per son w ho depreciates us than one who wildly overestimates us: the former can always be sur prised xvlien xve turn out to be better than he thought, but the latter can only be disappointed when we fail to live up to his inflated estimate of us. i Wom en, especially, have a secret con tempt for Ihe men who overval ue them, i The finest test (or distinguish ing true love from false was most succinlly put by St. Au gustine, when he said: "Love slays what we have been that we may be what we were not." Almanac Rv United Press International Today is Friday, Oct. 25. the 2mh day of 1!U with ti? to fol low. The moon is at first quarter. The morning star is Jupiter. The evening stars arc Jupiter and Saturn. On this day in history: In 1R54. the "Charge ol the Light Brigade" was made. Some liTO men of an English light cav alry brigade fighting in the Cri mean War charged a heavily protected Russian artillery post. In HO. the Teapot Dome scandals began lo unfold as Sen. Thomas Walsh of Montana de manded a public hearing on Ihe Department of Interior's leasing of two naval oil reserves to pri vate corporations. discharge of its judicial role tru ly represents one of the most la mentable episodes in the his tory of American jurisprudence. It has been my privilege to serve on the Education and La bor Committee of the House (or more than 10 years. My studies through those years have con firmed grave doubts about the capacity of the NLRB to dis charge its duties with fairness and impartiality. However, this whole situation can be remedied very easily. Divest tlie National Labor Re lations Board of its judicial func tions. Try all unfair labor prac tice cases before United States district courts throughout the country. Unfair labor practice cases are primarily private law. suits nothing more. Limit the National Labor Re lations Board in the future to handling representative matters. This would include the conduct of employe elections. Do not per mit this agency to investigate, prosecute or adjudicate unfair labor practice cases as it docs today. Restrict this administra tive agency to an administrative job and restore a purely judi cial function to the courts. With the NLRB so restricted, complaining parties xvould in the future make their own investi gations, furnish their own facts, and present their own cases on trial. Should some litigants, particu larly individual employes, be unable to afford the costs of handling their own cases, such litigants should have the right to have their local United States WILLIAM Viet By WILLIAM S. WHITE WASHINGTON - The grav est of all tlie endless political crises between the United States Government and Ihe gov ernment of South Viet Nam is clearly looming ahead. The small space of the com ing month may xvell enclose answers to the largest and most somber questions: Will the most effective military effort ever made to halt creeping Commu n i s t aggression in Southeast Asia be allowed to go on to ul timate success? Or will all the sacrifice and fighting and the dying of the joint American Vietnamese military forces against the Communist marau ders be thrown away in some final and convulsive failure In reach some reasonable political accommodation belween Wash ington and Saigon? Not since Ihe half - vic tory - half - defeat of Korea where tlie Truman Administra tion fought a tragically too lim ited war and the Eisenhower Administration liquidated that war on a settlement far too generous lo other Communist invaders has this country faced graver decisions than now. For it is no longer possible to doubt that while the military program in ' South Viet Nam slill goes surprisingly well, all things considered, the diplomat ic position is becoming so hope lessly embittered as lo imperil Ihe whole show. In all these circumstances those who concern themselves so deeply with the ins and outs of the current visit here of Madame Ngo Dinh Nhu are en. titled to pursue these excite ments, if this is the measure of their awareness of reality. 11 is not against the law to center upon the tiniest of irrelcvancies in the middle of a struggle of world-wide meaning, any more lhan it was for so many Ameri cans to debate w ith such pas sion ' tlie exact rights and wrongs of tlie military commis sions given lo Franklin Roose velt's sons at the onset of the second World War. 11 is. however, surely some thing of a mistake, if one may rather understate the matter, lo fix national attention on some body's sister-in-law at a lime when the issue is really not how noble or nasty-tongued that striking lady may be. Rather, the bald issue is how and whether the free world is to lie able to hold something called Southeast Asia. One of the most powerful men in South Viet Nam. Ngo Dinh Nhu. has just publicly de nounced the United States. Nhu brotlier and adviser of South Vietnamese President Diem and husband of live famous Madame Nhu has charged us with open ing "a process of disintegration in Viet Nam." And he has said the Vietnamese people have lost confidence in tlie United States Government. That these extraordinary ac cusations are unfair and untrue is not the point. The point is thai, somehow or other, affairs have been permitted lo reach this incredible state belween two governments militarily al 1 i e d in a war of resistance against Communist aggressors. Obviously, this sort of thing cannot go on. Tlie Kennedy Ad L. jsm attorney present the cases for them without cost. Under present law, orders of tlie NLRB are not sel(-enforcing. On non . compliance the U.S. Court of Appeals must be peti tioned by the board for en forcement. With cases tried in district courts, court orders would, of course, be automati cally self-enforcing, with the regular appellate procedure available to all litigants. Under present law, temporary restraining orders are issued by Ihe court only on petition of the General Counsel of Ihe NLRB. With cases tried in federal courts, judges would have their regular poxver to, grant appro priate temporary relief pending final disposition of any case. Such injunctive relief could be sought by union, employe, or employer. However, additional procedur al safeguards should be provid ed requiring, first, that the com plaint must be under oath; sec ond, that a public hearing be held, at which testimony is tak en to support the petition, with opportunity for bolh to cross-examine and present opposing tes timony: and third, to support any temporary restraining order the court must find lal that the unfair practice has been com mitted and w ill continue unless restrained; Ibi that substantial and irreparable injury would fol low; lei that greater injury would flow from denying relief than from granting it: and (d) that there is no adequate reme dy at law. All ex parte injunc tions should be forbidden, any S. WHITE . Policies Disastrous ministration endlessly howled at here at home by quasi-paci-ficists who can see nothing good in "an undemocratic" South Vietnamese regime, even though it is doing a notable job of killing armed and attacking Communists has got into a box from xvhich there is only one exit. The United States Govern ment must make up its mind either to make a full and pa t i e n t reconciliation with the Diem regime, xvhatever its faults, or in honest candor to throw it out and put in another which can carry on the xvar. This halfway business we are now in backing Diem militar ily but conslantly biting at him as "undemocratic" and flinch ing like some affronted school girl when some Diem or Nhu or female Nhu blasts at us is far EDSON IN WASHINGTON . . . By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA) - Any idea that the United Stales and Soviet Russia will follow up a w heat sale agreement xv i t h greatly expanded trade on oth er items overlooks the red tape angle. This is best understood by taking into consideration all the troubles the United Slates is having in negotiations on new trade agreements with friend ly countries. The Trade Expansion Act of 1982. xvhich was supixiscd to facilitate this business, has now been in effect a full year. So far it hasn't reduced a single tariff. It will be another year at least before any tariff reduc tions can be negotiated w ith the Europeans. Trying to cut t h e Russians in on anything like this as a favored nation xvould just mess up xvorld trade hoplcssly. The situation already is so bad that the U.S. high tariff lob. by is saying the act never should have been passed. But since the protectionists opposed trade liberalization in the first place, their new com plaint serves to beat U.S. trade czar Christian A. Herter oxer Ihe head for doing something Ihey never wanted him to do. Neither Herter nor anyone else could foresee the troubles ahead when he took the job as chief negotiator (or the Presi dent under the Trade Expansion Act. The act was pegged principal ly on admission of Great Brit ain to tlie European Common Market. When the French ve toed that, everything had to be reappraised for a new begin ning. Here is where matters stand now in five principal trade areas: On negotiating down-lo-zero tariffs on products in which BO per cent of the trade is between Ihe United States and Common Market counlries. Without Brit ain's trade lo consider, this cat restraining order being prohibit ed unless there is notice and an opportunity to be heard. The laxv now empowers Ihe NLRB to hear and decide juris dictional disputes. This work is essentially an administrative job and should so rcmi.in, it not be ing properly a d, action to be assigned lo our courts. But an unfair labor practice charge growing out of any jur isdictional strike or boycott should be made subject to the same redress in court as are all other unfair labor practices. This is a constructive approach and will have far reaching significance, not alone in the handling of unfair labor practice cases but in me contri bution it will make to preserving the cherished high standards of American jurisprudence. It will restore to all litigants in labor cases plaintiffs and defendants alike their right to equal jus tice under the laxv. I have introduced a bill em bodying all of Ihese recommen dations, H. R. 8246, and shall press for early enactment of this legislation. If you feel, as I do, that in terms of the national interest the NLRB has passed the point of no return, with no respect for the letter of the laxv or the intent of Congress, then you can help by writing yoSr views to members of the House of Representatives and espec ially to members of the Com mittee on Education and Labor. It was your mail, telegrams and telephone calls that helped bring about the enactment of the Landrum-Griffin Act. xvorse than merely undignified. It is going to lead to disaster unless it is stopped. Since we are not out there because we love Diem and his family it matters little xvhelher they love us so long as we all carry on the one proper mission, t h e war itself. We did not go there to make certain that every single peas ant has rural electrification and Social Security by tomor row morning. Therefore. Diem's domestic shortcomings arc real ly none of our business. If his shortcomings are military in nature or effect, let's get rid of him and find somebody in his place. But let's not, at a n y rale, go on and on xvith this transatlantic screaming malch as though this xvere the most important thing in the world. Stymied Tariff Talks Bar U.S. -Soviet Trade egory is reduced to aircraft and perfumes. On other tariffs that could be cut up to 50 per cent xvitliin five years: Everything but pe troleum is ruled out. On culting tropical product tariffs down lo zero: The Tariff Commission is having trouble defining just what tropical prod ucts arc. Recently it xias stuck on guava jelly. On reducing In zero tariffs that might lead lo increasing American exports: Since French President Do Gaulle blackballed British membership, it has been impossible to reach agreement with tlie Common Market on a single item. On reducing barriers lo trade other lhan tariffs: While trade czar Christian Herter is authorized lo negotiate on this, lie doesn't know with xvhom he can negotiate. For Ihe treaty of Rome, which set up the Common Mar ket, authorized negotiations only on tariffs not on quotas or oth er trade barriers. Progress on all these negotia tions has been slowed down by a nine-year-old U.S. law which required reclassification and simplification of all tariff sched ules. This was completed on Aug. 30 and is now in effect. President Kennedy is ready to announce a list of newly classi fied items on which new rale negotiations can begin under Ihe General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. For six to eight months American manufacturers and other interested parties may protest inclusion of their prod ucts in GATT negotiations. But after the Tariff Commission hearings the President is autho ived to issue the final list. Ne gotiations may then begin. This "Kennedy Round" of tar iff negotiations is Scheduled to begin May -t, 19M, in Geneva but may haxe to be held in abeyance until a U.N. confer ence on World Trade runs Its course. The latter, called at the urging of Russia and some un derdeveloped nations, gets un der way in mid-March.
