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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (July 22, 1963)
PAGE HERALD AND NEWS. Klamath Falls. Ore. Monday, July 21, 1963 EPSON IN WASHINGTON . . Peace Corps Having Starting Gun 'i&riaL (paqsL Our Uncle, The Publishei Nine score and seven years ago our fa thers brought forth on this continent a new publishing house that, in 1903, fiercely turns, out more reading material than any other pub lisher in the world. Thousands upon thou sands of books, magazines and pamphlets arc regularly printed by the U.S. Government and they bear upon most of the subjects that have, since Adam, engaged the attention of man. The taxpayers who pay for this enter prise may be interested in, or merely dis couraged by, a revised edition of W. Phillip Leidy's "A Popular Guide to Government Publications." Mr. Leidy's book doesn't list all the Government publications indeed such a volume might be beyond the powers of one man, or even one bindery. Published (no, not by the Government) by Columbia University Press and for sale at $7.50 a copy, the book lists' only the 2,000 publications most likely to interest the average American. j;Some of the topics ("Sphagnum Moss for Platit Propagation") are apparently aimed at a jjlrrow audience. But the titles do occa sionally commend themselves to a wider public.:- - Nostalgic politicians, for instance, might find inspiration in an 18-page wood-preserving tract called "Making Log Cabins Endure." To help the Interstate Commerce Com mission formulate modern policy there is "The Fiijst Quarter-Century of Steam Locomatives in Jorth America." ; Students of Congressional oratory will be happy to pay five cents for the Agriculture Department's pest-control pamphlet, "Old House Borer." The Veterans Administration offers a pamphlet for secretaries that sounds as if it were written by a President too-often frus trated by Congress: "Dictating Is an Easier Way." Although it's put out by the Bureau of Ships, a $1.25 manual entitled "Handbook of Cleaning Practices" could as easily be the work of the Internal Revenue Service. While most of the Government's publica tions seem to be aimed at the average citi zen, with perhaps special emphasis on the farmer, there is plenty of good reading avail able for the businessman. The Small Busi ness Administration, for instance, distributes such monographs as "Managing Women Em ployes in the Small Business," and "Noise Re duction in the Small Shop." There may be a redundancy here. The range of subjects in which the Gov ernment is expert is truly amazing and, al though some people may doubt that the Founding Fathers had a gigantic' publishing house in mind when they met in Philadelphia, it must be conceded that there is something for everybody on the Government's shelves. Have you wondered who really put Eve up to her trick on Adam? Well, the Agri culture Department offers a leaflet entitled, ' "Apples in Appealing Ways." The author, perhaps significantly, is not given. Bible Reading Is Booming. ; With the Bible so much in the news thfese days, the report of the American Bible Sotiety for the year just ended is of special interest. Distribution of Bibles increased 31 per cent during the period, the Society re ported. The upsurge in Bible reading came from every part of the globe, and even be hind communism's iron curtain. During the year the scriptures were translated into 22 new languages, including the Rincon dialect of Zapotcc, spoken only by a handful of Mexican Indians. The Bible is now available in 1,200 languages and dia lects. In the United States 14,590,751 copies were circulated, an increase of 15 per cent. It has been stated that 175,000 went to Cu ban refugees in the Miami area. In its 157 years of activity, the American Bible Society never had such a busy year. Bible reading is not going out of fashion. The latest report of these dedicated to its dissemination shows again that it is the eter nal best seller. HOLMES ALEXANDER Clay Doctrine Opposed By HOLMES ALEXANDER Foreign Aid, as General Lucius . Clay heard several times in his recent appearance before the Sen ate Foreign Relations Committee, is no longer a sacrosanct subject among internationalists and this is principally owing to Clay's bill liadt analysis In his capacity as chairman of the President's Com mittee to Strengthen the Security of the Free World. Next to Clay, the person most responsible for removing Foreign Aid, from the status of being largely abovo friendly criticism and hence beyond radical im provement has been Senator Frank Lauschc of Ohio. Lausche, more than anybody else, has per ceived and proclaimed that the kernel of tlie Clay Report lies In a single passage. Let us call it the? Clay Doctrine. The passage reads: 'k . . tho United Stales should nofaid a foreign government in projects establishing government owned industries and commercial enterprises which compete with existing private endeavors." The Clay Doctrine Is opposed by the President and Hie Secre tary of SUite, but Is apparently favored by a majority of the For eign Relations Committee. An amendment to tlie Foreign Aid bill, embodying the Clay Doctrine, would mean that every loan and grant to any foreign country for economic development would go directly into that country's pri vate enterprise system. Converse ly ,iio loan or grant would go to a ibcialized or nationalized sys tem, of any foreign nation. Senator Lausche's contribution is that he has named some names, whereas General Clay wrote only on the abstract principle. The Clay Doctrine begins to mean something when we consider Lausche's two examples of its proper application. 1. No Aid To Yugoslavia: This Communist country and its dic tator arc annually olfered as an Honorable Exception in the Cold War against World Communism. Til reason always given is that more than a decaclo ago Tito brtjke from tlie Stalinist satellite syirtem, and established a national Communist state. Liberal sena tors, including J. F. Kennedy, have argued many times that Tito should be given American aid in order to wean him further from the Red bloc. But Lausche brought into com mittee tho other day, and later loaned to me, a translation of a 32-pago statement by Tito on "current international questions and tasks ... in tho struggle for peace and socialism." Nowhere dues Tito speak a word of grati tude to the United States, or show the slightest tolerance for capitalism in other countries. On I lie contrary, he hails the Rus sian, Chinese and Yugoslavian so cialist revolutions as "inextricably bound up" with the cause of peace. He defines peace as a world made safe, and virtually unanimous, for Communism. Under Lausche's illustrated in terpretation of tho Clay Doctrine, there would be no further question of American aid to any Commu nist country, however marginally independent. 2. No Aid To India's Socialized Steel Plant: Lauschc also brought to tho committee, and loaned to me, a synopsis of a feasibility study of tlie proposed nationalized Ilokara steel mill in India. The study, made by the U.S. Steel Corp., for the Agency for Inter national Development (A I D shows that, although India has a gaping steel shortage, the exist ing steel mills in I n d 1 a are generally running at less than capacity. They lack raw materials, transportation, water and skilled labor. The Kennedy Administra tion has approved, in principle, the idea of a Foreign Aid loan of $'.W0 million to put an Indian nationalized plant in competition with existing private endeavor. Such a plan would be automat ically outlawed by the Clay Doc trine, regardless of India's pleas and needs. And the unyielding re fusal to subsidize socialized indus triesno mutter how appealing any individual case would apply everywhere, including Latin Amer ica. Up till tills year, it was never quite respectable fur internationalist-minded statesmen in Con gress to put any truly restrain ing hobbles on Foreign Aid. But the Clay Report has changed that. We may get a Lausche type amendment which will make For eign Aid a potent instrument for combating socialism and Commu nism, not just militarily, but in llieir basic anti-capitalist aspects. BERRY'S WORLD iTiliTil .Ml 'AV IN WASHINGTON . . . Rockefeller Attacks GOP "You'd b 'Worry Tart,' too if you utrt ovtrmformtJl" By RALPH dc TOLEDANO It was just a few months ago that Gov. Nelson Rockefeller was wooing Republican conservatives and plighting his troth with their principles. His sudden turnabout, in which he seems to erase all distinctions between conservatives and "radical right" extremists, has left many Republican politi cians somewhat aghast. For to them. Rockefeller's onslaught can only be harmful to the Republi can Parly. It is stated in terms, moreover, which put the gover nor in the same camp as Ameri cans for Democratic Action, tlie leftwing of tho AFL-CIO. and the ideological doctrinaires of tho Democratic National Committee. No matter how much Rockefel ler may plead that he was only attacking the "extremists" who have allegedly fastened them selves to Sen. Barry Goldwater's coattails, the net effect is to class ify all conservatives as part of a subversive lunatic fringe. The Rockefeller statement that this right wing is as dangerous as the radical left which could include Communists will anger many Americans. They know that an international conspiracy with all the resources of the Soviet Un ion at its back can hardly be equated with the several thou sand members of the John Birch Society who (whatever one may think of them I arc not the arm of a hostile foreign power. The question remains: Why did Nelson Rockefeller lash out with such violence at the conservative movement'.' There is more than one sol of motivations. Foremost among these was tlie advice of those who surround him and develop his public rela tions. They have been warning him that he must do "something dramatic" to re-inject himself in the Presidential race. The effects of his re-marriage would then be forgotten in tlie ensuing contro versy. And since many of the gov ernor's advisers are former Dem ocrats or "never Republicans." Almanac By United Press International Today is Monday, July 22, the 203rd day of lata with 162 to follow. The moon is approaching its first quarter. The morning stars arc Jupiter and Saturn. The evening star is Mars. On this day in history: In IBM. Union troops under the command of Gen. William Sher man won the first battle of At lanta. In 1933. Wiley Post completed the first solo flight around tlie world. In 1934, FBI agen'.s shot and killed John Dillinger us he left a Chicago theater. In 1937. President Franklin Roosevelt's plan to enlarge the Supreme Court was defeated by the Senate. A thought for tlie day English author Ford Madox Ford said: "Only two classes of books are of universal appeal: The very best and the very worst." tlie form of this grandstand play almost dictated itself. At the same time, Governor Rockefeller has always had a somewhat exalted view of his position within the Republican , Party. It may be recalled that in' 1960, he was scolding the GOP and its candidates in terms which hurt the party badly. Like Wen dell Willkie, the governor sees it as his role to keep tlie Republi can Party in line his line, at any rate no matter what tlie consequences. Intimates have noted his penchant (or unsub stantiated enthusiasms and have deplored h i s "arrogance of wealth." Some analysts, who subscribe to tlie theory that Rockefeller's blast was simply a stratcgem or rule or ruin, believe that the thinking behind it and its timing follow these lines: A. He cannot get the nomination in 1964. B. If Senator Goldwater gets it, that will be the complete end of Rock efeller's chances, il only because control of the GOP would move effectively out of the hands of the Eastern wing. C. By tlie kind of statement on conservatism he made, he can conceivably cause such a conflict within the GOP that Goldwater will be stopped. D. This w ill allow Rockefeller to fight another day, namely in 1968. The probability is that every one of these factors figured in the decision. Tlie Rockefeller statement was not a sudden aber ration but carefully planned. How ever, it will leave very deep wounds in the Republican Party. And in the long run, it may hurt the fortunes of every New York Republican. For example. Sen. Kenneth Keating, who will have a difficult time at best being re elected, has thrown in his lot with Governor Rockefeller. This could mean defeat for him when he runs again. The young Conserva tive Party will now undoubtedly field a candidate against him and this may deprive him of the margin of victory. But worst of all, Governor Rock efeller seems to be forcing a choice on all conservatives: Ei ther you accept my views and give up your principles or I will denounce you as racist. He may succeed in frightening some con servatives out of the Goldwater camp, but they will not wander into his. Without their unstinting help, as Richard Nixon discov ered in 1960, no Republican has a prayer to make it to the White House. And Uiose who are not stampeded will fight for Senator Goldwater with redoubled ener gies. In short, Nelson Rockefeller has opened a political Pandora's box. When the GOP meets in San Francisco in 1964, the country will know who was most badly stung by the angry insects Rockefeller or Goldwater. STRICTLY PERSONAL By SYDNEY J. HARRIS "It's a hard thing to say about anyone, especially your own son," remarked tlie woman, "but 1 strongly suspect that Bill has to get a bad marriage out of his system." She was talking about her 20-year-old boy. wlio is restless and troubled and lost, like so many of his conlemporaries. And she was wise enough, or accepting enough, to recognize that the way he would probably act out h i s problems would be by making a bad and impulsive marriage. W illiam James, in one of his books, speaks of the "once-born" and the "l ice-born.", The once born he defined as those who early in life know who they are, what they need, and where they want to go. These are rare and fortunate souls. The twice-born are tliosc who, some time in later life, have to shod their skins like a snake and become in a way reborn. T h c r search for identity and stability is otten painful and punishing, to themselves and to otliers. These are tlie ones who cannot learn without suffering and sometimes not even then. One of tlie most discouraging aspects of personal lite is tliat even misfortune does not correct our faults. What most of us learn from one kind of mistake is to make tlie opposite mistake. It may be true that tlie boy, like many otliers of his age and sort, "has to get a bad mar riage out of his system." The tragedy is Uiat he thereby gels it ir.li somebody else's system and like a combination shot at billiards, the IjalU keep caroming one another cntil the whole "ta ble" of modern matrimony is quivering with vibrations of in security. Unfortunately, for every one person who genuinely learns something about himself and his legitimate needs from a bad mar riage, a dozen catapult promptly into a different kind of bad mar riage. And since the disturbed personality has conflicting needs that cannot be reconciled on the level of reality, "experience" does little but deepen discontent and despair. Tilings do not "get out" of our system simply by living and mak ing mistakes: if tliey did. the per son who made tlie most mistakes would be tlie wisest eventually, whk-h is not tlie case. Our ac tions are symptoms, and many go through a lifetime merely ex dunging one set ol symptoms for another, without ever probing ef fectively to the basic ailment. Tlie mother, as I said, was more understanding than most but a dozen years too late. Bill's system should have been re checked long before the need for a "bad marriage" crept into it. We give our cars more careful scrutiny than our children, who can't be traded in. imM Trouble In Capito By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON ( NEA Planned enlargement of the U.S. Peace Corps from 7,000 to 13.000 volun teers overseas in the next year is probably going to be approved by Congress eventually. But right now, the New Fron tier's most successful two-year-old experiment is having more troubk s in Washington than abroad. If President Kennedy's request for an increase in the Peace Corps budget from $59 million last year to $108 million this year had gone to Congress as a separate bill, it would have sailed through with almost no opposi tion. But the Peace Corps appropria tion is part seven of the eight part foreign aid bill which Con gress wants to cut by $300 million to $400 million. Psychologically, congressmen find it inconsistent to cut the other seven items, then turn around and give the Peace Corps more funds. The Peace Corps also has be come confused in some people's minds with the proposal to create a Youth Conservation Corps, a National Service Corps which has been described as a domestic Peace Corps, and the Home Town Service Corps. The three are parts of Kennedy's youth employment program, which has run into considerable con gressional opposition. The real Peace Corps suffers by association with these new proposals, although they're in no way related. Finally, the U.S. Peace Corps has taken a beating in Washing ton because it had been accused of promoting an International Peace Corps. They're two dif ferent things. Richard N. Goodwin, former White House and State Depart ment Latin American adviser, has been assigned to head up an International Peace Corps secre tariat. This unit rents space in the Peace Corps building in Wash ington. But its job is to pass along information about the U.S. Peace Corps to other countries which may be interested in setting up similar organizations of their own. Thirteen countries expressed such interest at a Puerto Rico conference earlier this year. Sev en European countries already have organized Peace Corps. And Israel Peace Corpsmen will take over a road-building program in Tanganyika, where 35 young American Civil engineers have completed two years' service. Sargent Shriver Jr., U.S. Peace Corps director, says the United States can't begin to fill the world wide demand for this type of technical assistance. Shriver estimates the total at 50.000. There just aren't that many young Americans volunteering to serve. The Peace Corps now has a file of 3.000 applications. Exam inations for corpsmen will be held in 800 U.S. post offices July 20. These exams are not just for youngsters out of college, but there is a demand for hundreds of senior corpsmen older peo ple with more experience. So rigid are Peace Corps re quirements, however, that only one out of every six applicants is accepted for training. The Peace Corps will fill only 6,000 new jobs next year. The corps' largest project took 500 U.S. teachers to the Philip pine Islands, each to upgrade the work of 20 native teachers. In training are 150 more U.S. corps men for the Philippines, but the government wants 600. Such stories can be repeated in nearly 50 countries. This is per haps the best measure of Peace Corps success in it first two years of operation. WASHINGTON REPORT . . State Department Disregards Advice By FULTON LEWIS JR. Ghana's :Kwame Nkrumah, a self-deified Prime Minister - for Life, who two years ago abol ished freedom of the p r e s s, might teach the St;tte Depart ment a thing or two about "man aged news." Just might. For Department spokesmen were something less than candid last week when they rushed to the defense of President Nkrumah, subject of a 165-page report by the Senate Internal Security Sub committee. Ghana's president was described by Sen. Tom Dodd, acting sub committee chairman, as a dedi cated Marxist who has set up on the West Coast of Africa the continent's first Soviet satellite. Absurd, said the State Depart ment: "In international affairs the government of Ghana follows a policy which it describes as one of positive neutralism and in furtherance of this policy has established relations with both the Western and East-bloc coun tries. Ghana has not aligned it self with either grouping." , A far different story was told by Slate Department intelligence experts in a comprehensive report drafted earlier this year. "Communist influence," that report w arned, "is strong in iNkrumah's' Convention People's Party, the Ghana Trade Union Congress, youth organizations and tlie press." It continued: "This influence is enhanced by the close relations between Ghana and the Communist stales and by the important role played by left-leaning radicals witiun the ruling Convention People's Party and the government. An estimat ed 500 Ghanaians are studying in the Communist orbit. There are a larger number of visits than before of Ghanaians to the Communist states and of Com munist personnel to Ghana. In July (lie Lenin Peace price was conferred on Nkrumah." Nkrumah who received $130 million in U.S. foreign aid last year has a long history of pro Communist activity. As a student at Lincoln University in this country, he associated with Com munist Party members as he lat er did in Great Britain. It was there he founded a se cret organization known as "The Circle." composed of persons "who are trained and engaged in political revolution as a profes sion." to serve as the "vanguard for tlie creation and maintenance of the Union of African Socialist Republics." A British Commission of In quiry set up to investigate 1948 disturbances in Ghana (then the Gold Coast reported: "Mr. Nkrumah has never aban doned his aims for a Union of African Soviet Socialist Republics , and has not abandoned his for eign affiliations connected with these aims." A witness before tlie Dodd subcommittee was Dr. K. A. Bu sia, a world-renowned sociologist who was run out of Ghana for opposition to Nkrumah's one-man rule. Dr. Busia entered in the record a 1957 report of the Cen tral Committee, Communist Par ty of West Africa. The document contains specific instructions for all members of the Communist Party to go un derground. There is a reference to Nkrumah as a comrade who "surfaced too soon," who revealed his party leanings at too early a date. When Ghana became independ ent in 1957 and Nkrumah its first prime minister, among those in vited as official guests of the new government were British born Cedric Belfrage, deported by this country on grounds of Com munist Party membership; and Cheddi Jagari, who would later, as prime minister of British Guiana, reveal that he was a Communist. Nkrumah invited to Ghana for the remaining years of his lile W. E. B. DuBois, the Ameri can Communist, who has urged his countrymen to "join the So viet Union and China and uslier in a new world." Under Nkrumah's direction, Ghana has become the focal point for Soviet subversion in Africa. "Like Castro's Cuba," says Sena tor Dodd. "it carries on a prop aganda campaign that would tax the resources of a major coun try. It trains natives of other countries in the arts of infiltra tion, sabotage, terror and guerril la warfare. It exports arms by clandestine means to the terrorist groups in other countries which it has fostered and today supports." On the morning of Jan. 13, 19K3, one of Africa's leading statesmen. Togo Republic Presi dent Sylvanus Olympin was shot to death in the streets of Lome. A few hours later, his sclf-advcr-tised assassins asked for and got -immediate support from Nkru mah's Ghana. THEY SAY... This is going to be ... the general pattern from here on out . . . constant stories of Russians in the air. Sen. Clinton P. Anderson, chairman. Senate Space Commit Ire, on Russian double space ip. Macular.
