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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (July 14, 1963)
PAGE I HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falli, Oregon Sunday, July 14, 196J "Could Be We Tip the Thing the Wrong Way'," NOTHING SPECIAL IW. B. S.I Q The It is a pretty common view today that the gravest threat of communism is in Latin America, which is struggling against time and a swiftly rising population to lift itself out of poverty. , This peril colors everything the free world does to help the Latin lands. No one knows how long these nations may avoid the advertised lure of communism if they find progress under the free system continually slow and frustrating. Yet there is a kind of tragic humor underlying this very dangerous situation. For the examples of communism at work in the world make it stunningly clear that commu nism is absolutely barren of solutions to the great economic problems. The Latin countries are not so generally agricultural as is often thought. Some have strongly urbanized populations. But most have been heavily dependent upon agricultural products. And this, as Russia and Red China dramatically emphasize, is the area of great est Communist failure economically. The unravelled state of Cuba's economy under Communist rule is an example for Latin America close to home. Life under Fidel Cas tro is a pitiful shadow of what it was before. We never get, of course, the full story of economic activity in the Iron Curtain nations and in Communist countries of Asia outside China. But we hear enough to know that Bear ' (Norfolk, Neb., Daily News) It is every native-born American's right to make a try for the presidency of the United States. And just as if to test the validity of that point, Harold E. Stassen is said to have announced that he would be a candidate in the New Hampshire presidential primary. If all goes well in New Hampshire, Mr. Stassen is reported as having said, he would be in other state primary contests. Defeated in his bid for the same nomina tion when his popularity and fame in Minne sota as one of the nation's most youthful and Administration's Rights Bill By ARTHUR KROCK (In The New York Times) The 13th Amendment to the Con stitution has had virtually no pub licity in the dispute in Congress over that part of the Adminis tration's equal rights bill that would forbid private owner of "places of public accommoda . lion" to deny their facilities to anyone because of his racial ori gin. One center of the dispute is on the choice by the Adminis tration of the Interstate Com merce Clause instead of the 14lh Amendment as the constitutional basis of the proposed ban. Yet the Supreme Court deci sion of 1883 tiint influenced this choice, though the ruling pivoted on the anti-discrimination powers granted to Congress by the 14th Amendment, was deeply founded on an interpretation of Uic 13th as withholding these powers where private property is involved. This interpretation was tlie bone of contention between Justice Brad ley, who wrote the majority opinion, ' and Justice Harlan (grandfather of the present Jus tice of that name), who was the lone dissenter. The court's language, in reject ing the claim that the Nth Amend ment as a supplement to tlie 13th provided Congress with anti-discrimination powers over private proDcrty facilities, was so posi tive that to this has been attrib uted tlie Administration's choice of a different legislative c h a 1 lenge. That may have been the controlling reason, even though the decision was written 80 years ago and tlie current Supreme Court has read into tlie 14th man dales against forms of diserim- Almanac By United Press International Today is Sunday, July 14, the 11)51 h day of 1963 with 170 to follow. The moon is in its last quarter. The morning stars are Jupiter and Saturn. Tlie evening slar is Mars. On this day in history: In 171)8, Congress passed the Sedition Act which made it crimo to publish any "false, scandalous or malicious" writing against the government. A thought for the day Philoso pher, Thomas Mann, said, "Time cools, time clarifies; no mood can be maintained quite unaltered through the course of hours." Great Latin For Punishment ination not previously visible to the federal judiciary. High Visibility But they had high visibility to tlie dissenter, Justice Harlan, in 1883. And critics of tlie Adminis tration's resort to the Interstate Commerce Clause, citing the many dissents, including Justice Harlan's, involving the 14th Amendment Uiat have become the opinions of the majority with the passage of time, are asserting tliat only on 1964 political con siderations can be explained the choice of wliat they describe as an expedient device of dubious legality. If, they contend, the Administration is sincere in the position that any discrimination raises a moral as well as a legal issue, the way to prove sincerity is to found (lie ban on tlie 14lh Amendment, which would cover tlie "Mrs. Murphys," who have many voles, as well as tlie Con rad I liltons. Some extracts from Justice Bradley's decision lor the court and Justice Harlan's dissent in 1883 cast a bright light of long ago on all aspects of Uie current legal and political controversy. They explain why those drafters of Hie Administration's bill who were thinking us lawyers, and not as politicians, argued that to base it on the 14lh Amendment was a huge risk, even in the cur rent Supreme Court. They il luminate Uie conllicting and en during concepts of Uie limits of discretionary use of private prop erty. And they reveal the for gotten role in the controversy of tlie 13th Amendment. At issue were the sections of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 that forbade denial of Ihe facilities of privately owned places of public accommodation because of "the particular race or color, or pre vious condition of servitude." of any who sought tliem. Justice Bradley declared that the 14th Amendment prohibited only "st;'fc action of this cliarac-tor." I'ower of Congress "Individual Invasion of individ ual rights (he wrote) is not its subject matter. . . . Tlie assump tion tlut it is. Is repugnant to tlie loth Amendment. . . . "But tlie power of Congress to adopt direct and primary, as dis tinguished from corrective, legis lation on tlie subject in hand is souglit, in tlvc second place, Irom tlie 13th Amendment, which abol ishes slavery. . . . Conced ng . . . that Congress has a right to enact all necessary and proper laws for tlie obliteration and prevention of slavery, with all its badges and incidents, is it also true Ui.it Lack things are never better than occasionally good. Not only do the economics of these lands not flourish, but the Moscow and Peking re gimes milk their satellites with ruthless effi ciency. Perhaps our Latin neighbors do not rea lize it, but the appeal of communism for some of them as for others around the globe is the appeal of "something for nothing." The gullible who are ready to embrace this system are looking for shortcuts to salvation and prosperity. Of course there are none. The living experience of every Communist-controlled nation on earth is proof of it. What the Latin peoples must rely upon in the end is themselves. Their problem is not that aid from free lands does not work, but that they do not work. This does not mean they do not labor for bread. It means they do not attack their own problems with force and vigor, do not develop strong, effective leader ship, do not dedicate themselves to the nation al proposition that their programs of eco nomic uplift education and improvement must take priority over everything else they do. If every Latin nation had a leader of the quality and spirit and determination of . Puerto Rico's Gov. Luis Munoz Marin, the peril of communism would be pushed far back. For its emptiness as a way of life would be sharply exposed in contrast. outstanding governors carried him into con tention in 1948 and to a lesser degree in 1952, he was discredited by the GOP because of his "dump Nixon" movement in 1956. That was followed by unsuccessful bids for governor of Pennsylvania and mayor of Philadelphia. While his seeking of political support now seems a little ridiculous, there has to be something akin to admiration for the cour age of a man never willing to admit defeat and seemingly eager to get his political nose bloodied whenever opportunity arises. Contested the denial of any person of ad mission to tlie accommodations and privileges of an inn (etc.) . . . does subject that person to any form of servitude, or tend to fasten Uion him any badge of slavery? If It does not, then power to pass tlie law is not found in the 13th Amendment. . . . ". . . We are forced to the conclusion that such an act of refusal has nothing to do with slavery or involuntary servi tude. ... No countenance of au thority for tlie passage of the law in question can be found in cither tlie 13th or 14th Amendments, and, no other authority . . . being suggested, it must necessarily be declared void. . . ." But to Justice Harlan these grounds of decision were "entire ly too narrow and artificial." They did not, he wrote, give "full effect to the intent" of tlie amend ments, singly or in combination, "I do not contend that the 1,1th Amendment invests Congress with authority by legislation, to define and regulate the entire body of civil rights which citizens enjoy, or may enjoy, in the several states. But "Since slavery was the moving and principal cause of the adop tion of that amendment, and since that institution rested wholly upon the inferiority, as a race, of those held in bondage, their freedom from, and protection against, all discrimination against them he cause of their race, in respect of such civil rights as belong to the freemen of other races. . . . Subject Matter of Ijiw "If the constitutional amend ments lie entorccd. according to the intent with which 1 conceive they were adopted, there cannot lie ill this Republic any class of human beings in practical sub jection to another class, with (low er of tlie latter to dole out to the former just such privileges as tlicy may choose to grant." The immediate reference was to tlie subject matter of Ihe laws ill question the use of privately owned facilities of public accom modation. In view of tlie recent affirma tions of old dissents in this area of tlie law. Justice Harlan's in 1883 would seem to have had a promis ing legal future as tlie basis of the Administration's IW3 bill, and been consistent as well with its claim ot a "moral'' obligation i which inherently is applicable to all i. Since it is most probable that tills part of tlie measure w ill fail of passage anyhow, tlie basis tlwit was rejected might also have been proved to be sounder politics. EDSON Auto By PETER EDSON Washington Correspondent Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA)-It's al most axiomatic now that when the automobile business in Amer ica is good, all business is good. If this sounds a little like, "What's good for General Mo tors is good for America," may he there's something to it after all. Anyway, 14 per cent ot the American labor force is em ployed directly in the manufac ture and sale or indirectly in the supply, servicing and repair of automobiles and trucks. So it is now the No. 1 business barom eter, ahead of steel. "The automobile industry now has so many favorable factors working for it." says Robert J. Eggert, marketing research man ager for Ford Motor Company, "that we feel no qualms in en visioning a steady upward sales trend in the years ahead. "The industry's second straight seven-million sales year back-to-back 1DS2 and 1983 now appears to be a laydown. While it may be too early to make a specific prediction about 1964, surely we can anticipate that car sales will average more than seven million units a year the next several years." The marketing research that goes into a sweeping statement of this kind is of interest to all business. It goes into consumer intentions, buying power and cred it availability. Eggert reviewed his research with charts before the U.S. Cham ber of Commerce mid year busi ness outlook session in Washing tun. It was a revealing forecast of continuing growth. First is the population factor. Everyone knows it is exploding, without stopping to figure what it means to business. This year there were a million more teen-agers reaching lfi than ever before. They were the 3.7 million war babies. There will be three million more of them reach- LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Beauty The project "Make Klamath County Beautiful" is something that all civic - minded citizens should get behind. 1 would like to congratulate the Suburban Drug and Variety Store lor tlie won derful job they have done in land scaping the patio in the rear of those two stores. There are rcpli cas of Ml. Shasta. Ml. Pitt, the Lava Beds and other places of scenic beauty. The garden clubs could really get some fine land scaping ideas from just driving up tlie alley in the rear of these stores and viewing these master pieces of landscaping. I believe that the Good House keeping magazine has awarded a plaque In Ihese stores fur their original idea of landscaping in nu ll a small area. I again wish to congratulate tliese stores for their achieve ment in the field of landscaping such a small area. M. Walter S. Miller, 39M South Sixth Street . Jn: IN WASHINGTON . Boom Spurs ing age 16 for the next three years, then the number goes up to 3.7 million again in 1968. The economic significance of this for the auto industry is that 16 is the driver's license age in most states. One-third of the young people in the 18 to 24 age group buy a new or used car each year. In the next 10 years there will be over 12 million people in this age group a 50 per cent increase over the last decade. Here's a "new" market. University of Michigan's Sur vey Research Center has found that for every 100 spending units in the 18-24 age group, four buy a new car and 27 buy a used car. For all ages, the figures are eight per cent buying new cars and 16 per cent buying used cars. So one-third of all auto sales are new cars. The long-run growth rate of new car sales has been rising about 2.8 per cent a year on the average since 1950. The fore cast is that new car sales will rise to 7.5 million by 1965. to 8.6 million by 1970 and 10 million by 1975. U.S. per capita disposable in come has been rising at an aver age rate of 1.6 per cent a year, increasing spending power. The average was $1,500 in 1947. It is over $2,000 now. Projections in dicate it will be nearly $2,500 by 1975. Another important factor is that consumer credit is good, for sev en out of 10 car sales are time purchases. But banks and other finance sources have plenty of money now and arc ready to lend it. And consumers have enough confidence in the econ omy to know they will be able to make the last payment on a new car when they sign for the first. Increased income and credit have meant that the number of families with more than one car has been rising unbelievably. In 1949 there were only 1.5 million two-car families three per cent of all family spending units. In 10 years this nearly doubled to 4.9 million two-car families, over 10 per cent of all spending units. BERRY'S WORLD I! ' ' j Nation But from 1958 to 1963 the num ber doubled again to 11.3 multiple-car families or 18.5 per cent nearly one out of every five spending units. Interesting, too. is that there are now 1.2 million three - car families which is nearly as many as the 1.5 million two-car families of 1949. As to car prices for the future high volume production will help keep prices down, assum ing steady material prices. Also, the average car is better made and lasts longer. Average car life of six years in 1925 has been more than doubled to 14 years in 1960, according to Automobile Manufacturers Association. The unsolved problems are building enough highways for the 65 million passenger cars and the 14 million trucks and buses to ' roll on and places where they can all be parked. WASHINGTON REPORT By FULTON LEWIS JR. Sen. Tom Dodd, never one to mince words, is blunt: The high paid moguls of radio and tele vision have a responsibility to the American public. They must carefully check not only the vocal chords but the ideological loyalties of those who present news and views to the American people. Senator Dodd, acting chairman of the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, makes this ob servation as he ponders the sto ry of Robert Taber, a former CBS newsman. Dodd first became familiar with Taber in I960 when his s u b committee opened a probe into the Fair Play (or Cuba Commit tee. Investigation revealed that Ta ber, a top-ranking newsman at Drivers 65 years old or over are credited by the Travelers Insurance Company with show ing the best safety improvement in 1962. They participated in only six per cent of the year's fatal automobile accidents compared with 7.2 per cent m 1961. No other age group did so well. The case seems to be that longer experi ence and greater maturity of judgment more than offset what ever slowing of the reflexes in creased age may bring. Take your pick from this string of useless numerals. Anyway, they do pose an interesting ques tion: Are cats more popular than dogs? It's hard to tell. According to Uie American Humane Associa tion, there are 25.7 million dogs and 27.7 million cats in the Unit ed States. The Pet Food Insti tute says there are 24 million dogs and 22 million cats. The American Feline Society claims there are 22 million dogs and 21 million cats. On the other hand, the New York State Health De partment says there are 25 mil lion dogs and 26.7 million cats. Finally, the American Kennel Club says there are 26 million dogs and 28 million cats. Do you ever wonder why tax es are so high? Well, one part of the answer might be provid ed by another string of numer als. According to my calcula tions, there are 91,216 separate units of government in these United States. To begin with, there's the one big national government the fed eral government. There are 50 state governments, and in these states there arc 3,043 county gov ernments. But that's only the be ginning. There are 17,977 muni cipal governments and 17,144 township governments. However, that's not all, for in addition we have 34,678 school districts oper ating as government units and 18,323 special districts.. A n d. further, statistically: There's only one man in a mil lion who understands the interna tional situation. And, isn't it odd how we keep running into him? From a contributor comes: When 1 was young and my slip pers were red, I could kick my feet way over my head. When I grew older and my slip pers were blue, Newsmen Advocate Pro-Castro Policy CBS, had a long criminal rec ord, including conviction for kid naping, auto theft and armed robbery. Taber, called before the sub committee, denied that his group was financed with Castro gold. When this testimony was contra dicted under oath, Taber fled to Cuba, taking with him $19,000 in Fair Play funds. The subcommittee continued its investigation into Fair Play while Taber served Castro in Havana. It discovered the group was hea vily infiltrated by long - time Communists. Then last year Taber returned to the United States. Called for testimony in executive session, he continued to mouth tlie Castro line. In releasing Tabcr's testi mony the other day, Senator Dodd declared: "It is something to ponder that a man like Taber would worm his way into a top position on the CBS staff, get himself assigned as a CBS correspondent in Cuba preceding the Castro takeover, and then have his totally pro-Castro presentation purveyed to the American public by one of our great television networks." Taber is by no means the only newsman to advocate pro-Castro views, even at this late date. There is William Mandel. an iden tified Communist, who holds forth over radio station KPFA of Ber keley. Calif. KFPA. incidentally, is one of three stations that make up the Pacifica Network, a far-left out fit that has been tlie subject re cently of closed-door Senate In ternal Security subcommittee hearings. Another pro-Castro apologist is Joseph Dolan. a Los Angeles radio-TV commentator who was, at the height of last October's Cu ban crisis, critical of U.S. "rocket-rattling." He told his audience that "Cas tro is no mad dog: he's a cour ageous (vitriolic man . . . just ns patriotic to Cuba as George Washington was to our forefa thers. The worst you can say about Castro is that he gave Cuba hack to the Cubans." I could still dance the whole night through. Now I am older and my slip pers are black. I walk to the comer and puff my way back. The reason I know my youth has been spent, My get-up-and-go has got-up and went. But I really don't mind when I think with a grin Of all the places my get-up has been. ' Since 1 have retired from life's competition I find every day an exact repeti tion. I get up each morning and dust off my wits. Pick up Uie paper and read the obits. If my name is missing I know I'm not dead, So I eat a big breakfast and go back to bed. And, another contributor sends the following, with the penned comment "I hope I never get caught up there." The article is from the Sacramento Bee: THE LAW'S CRIME Oswald Gallagher, 19, was held in the Klamath Falls, Ore., jail for 105 days with no sentence hav ing been rendered against him or ever haying appeared before a judge for a preliminary hearing. He was arrested in a dragnet operation against a group of teen-agers at a drinking party in Fort Klamath. All were re leased but him and he might have become a modern Count of Monte Crlsto if a habeas corpus proceeding had not forced his delivery from jail and a hearing before a judge who promptly freed him. Our system of justice some times makes mistakes. It occa sionally runs into an arbitrary sheriff or district attorney who takes the law into his own hands. Yet it is the unqualified duty of enforcement officers to see that every arrested person, whether charged with murder or a petty offense, is taken before a judge for a hearing at the earliest op portunity. For an arresting officer to say, "Ooops, I forgot" is not to be tolerated. In- cases like this a man's lib erty is being trifled with. The public must have enforcement of ficials who do not forget things of such moment. It would seem Gallagher mer its some compensation for the days stupidly, negligently or vi ciously stolen from his freedom. On June 15, Dolan received an award from Women for Legisla tive Action of the Los Angeles area. In his acceptance, Dolan , sharply criticized FBI Chief J. Edgar Hoover, the House Un American Activities Committee and the Central Intelligence Agen cy. He told listeners that Hoover "was so busy chasing around aft er a handful of about 10 Com munists that syndicated crime, which was eviscerating the peo ple of the United States, was go ing unchecked." He said the Statue of Liberty did not to him represent the Un American Activities Committee or the CIA or any other "gum-shoe" organization. To Dolan, it rep resents the workers, the ordinary people who want only the rights guaranteed them by the Consti tution. On his Veterans Day broadcast of November, 1962, Dolan insisted that war was useless. He said the U.S. government is engaged in a "ridiculous contest w ith Rus sia simply to prove who is right." He declared tlie United States is obsessed with "tlie idea of Com munist aggression." One month later, Dolan was rapping J. Edgar Hoover once again, saying the nation's top G-man was spreading hysteria about a handful of Communists at loose in the nation. Dolan has demanded freedom for Morton Sobell, convicted es pionage artist, on the grounds that "as far as atomic secrets arc concerned there just is no such thing any more. Scientists in any country can easily as semble atomic weapons. There was nothing for Sobell to reveal. Therefore, he should never have been sentenced at all. ' In a speech earlier this year, Dolan spoke on world affairs' dur ing which time he attacked, re spectively, the FBI, the CIA, President Kennedy, the State Department, the Defense Depart ment, the Pentagon, the House In-American Activities Commit tee, former President Eisenhower and various assorted aircraft companies.
