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About Herald and news. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1942-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 21, 1960)
PAGE 6 A HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore. Monday, Nov. 21, 1960 EDSON IN WASHINGTON Reds Eye U.S. Youth Back to Normal n Membership Drive Good Reasons For Meeting - There Is a continuing game of guesswork is to why President-elect Kennedy went to Visit Vice President Nixon at Key Biscayne in Florida. Probably a good deal of the guess ing is close to the mark. ; For one thing, Kennedy obviously wants our friends and foes abroad to understand that the sharp divisions developed in this country during a presidential campaign end when the ballots are counted. This was, in other words, a gesture of unity. : Evidence also points to a desire on Ken nedy's part to rub out any personal animosi iies that might be left over from the some iimes harsh campaigning. A lingering hostil ity has marred the relationship between Pres ident Eisenhower and Harry Truman since 1952. It makes an unhappy chapter. Some see in the Kennedy-Nixon meeting a move by President-elect Kennedy to win the vice president's support for the possible in clusion of one or two Republicans in key ad ministration posts. The fact that they will meet again lends some credence to this specula tion. : This might be a natural step in view of ihe closeness of the popular vote. Yet it could be a mistake to reason further that Kennedy feels his narrow margin makes him heavily Cause The new and higher unemployment fig ures, running counter to the normal season al trend, are genuine cause for concern in a year which originally promised such good things. i When unemployment amounts to 6 per cent or more of the total work force, most "economists and labor specialists believe the danger signals are up. Today's 3,500,000 total does surpass 6 per cent. Furthermore, there is some fear that by January the figure may have gone past five million. That would, by general acknowledge ment, give the nation its fourth recession in the past 12 years. The current state of the economy was a Subject for sharp partisan controversy in the recent presidential campaign. But the events of history indicate that recessions are bipar tisan. ' The first postwar decline of consequence struck in 1949, just a few months after Harry Truman won surprise election. It was cured by the rising defense outlays incident to the Korean war which broke out in mid-1950. . Since then, recessions in 1954 and 1958 have plagued the Eisenhower regime, and now a third threatens. Most observers believe the 1954 and 1958 declines cost the Republi cans heavily at the polls, and many are saying that the spotty effects of the current slow down figured markedly in the victory of president-elect Kennedy. Whatever the direct political effects, the fact is we ought all to be troubled by the fre quency of these downward swings, which seem to recur no matter which party is in power. If the present drop finally earns the title Of recession, it will mean we are having one every three or four years. That plainly is too often for the well-being of our citizens, too QUESTIONS AND : ANSWERS : Q Which is the oldest American race track? . A Saratoga in New York Slate is the oldest. The second oldest is Pimli co, Baltimore, Md. : Q'as Benjamin Franklin born in Philadelphia, Pa.? : A No, although generally assoc iated with Philadelphia, he was born in Boston, Mass.. : Q Do plants give off oxygen? : A In the process of photosynthe sis In green plants the absorption of Carbon dioxide is accompanied by a telease of oxygen. dependent on the GOP for the success of his programs. He has given no indication he believes he is dealing from anything but the strength which goes with the winner. There is another possible motive for Ken nedy's gesture toward Nixon. While the president-elect may resort to sharp partisan utter ance in a campaign, he is not and never has been a doctrinaire party man. He both speaks and acts in acknowledgment that we have two parties. Many stern partisans on both sides do ' not. They often behave as if only their own party had a right to exist and win elections. Some go farther and suggest only their party can keep the country from ruin. Kennedy is not of this order. After the Eisenhower sweep of 1952, he disdained parti san grumbling and graciously accepted the people's verdict. Inevitably, it is felt, he would be respectful of Nixon's excellent showing in this election. But some who know him think he would have called on the vice president even if he had buried him in a landslide. For it would then have been more vital than now to exhibit belief in the vigorous future of America's two-party system. For Concern often for a nation engaged in a deadly struggle with the forces of Communist tyranny. It has been said many times since World War II that with our many built-in safeguards we are now almost depression-proof. Certajn ly we have suffered nothing of the magnitude of the Great Depression of the 1930s, nor do we seem likely to. Yet important economic answers appear, still to elude us. No one imagines that all cyclical ups and downs can be wiped out. But leaders in both parties, plus our scholars and our businessmen, should address themselves sharply to ways and means of preventing the frequent recurrence of declines steep enough to be called recessions. They are a mark of persistent failure which we cannot endure but must cure, in the interest of our national safety and well-being. Clamping Down At least one university has taken steps to end a situation which has grown into ser ious proportions in recent years. The Univer sity of Illinois has announced it will no long er accept illiterate freshmen (more than one out of four last year). The school is discard ing its intensified one-semester course in English, in which it has tried to teach incom ing students what they should have Warned about reading and writing their native tongue in 12 years of grade and high school. The decision has been made not only in the interests of the university but in the in terests of the freshmen many of whom just flunk out with all the extra effort. The high schools did these young people no favor by granting them unearned diplomas; colleges cannot be expected to let them continue kid ding themselves that they are getting an education. Having Fun ACROSS 1 Tke's favorite .sport. 5 Money players 9 Tennis term 12 Cantury plant 13 Antitoxins 4 Dreaii.1 5 Creek letter 6 Repeat 7 Mouthward 8 Auctions 9 Supported 10 Ureal lakl 1 1 (iratuitios 14 Swim canton IS Seizing hy force f African lly 17 Drink slowly 20 Dismay 1H Files 11' Fancies 1M Dispatched 23 Health resort 24 Priestly garment 27(olf mounds 29 howling equipment 32 Funeral vehicle 34 Astronomy muse M Whirled 37 Snflert .18 Parent ltd Stalk 41 Ituer in Scotland 43 Country hotel 44 Dry 46 Tunc for skiing and sledding 4!) 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WILSON WASHINGTON (UFI) - New census figures reducing Ihe con gressional representation ol some slates and increasing others re minds that there is a powerful, ' if unused, constitutional provision relating, to civil rights and the congressional representation of the various states. This provision is embraced in Section 2, Article 15, one of the reconstruction articles commonly known as the 15th Amendment. 11 was adopted by Congress in 1866 and became effective two years later. ' The 15th Amendment provided that: "lieproscnlalives shall be apportioned among the several stales according to their respec tive numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed." A foot note to "The Constitu tion of the United States" edited by Thomas James Norton ex plains further: "Up to this time (1868) mem bers of the House of Representa tives were allowed to each state in proportion to the whole pop ulation and three-fifths of the slaves but this new provision (15th Amendment) made each Negro count as one." Fraction Kxplaincd The fraction of "three-lifllis" in counting the slave population was imbedded in Article 1 of the Con stitution dealing with the legisla tive powers of Congress. Norton explains that it came about this way: "Although slaves were not citi zens or voters, the number of them was considered in laying di rect taxes. The three-fifths frac tion had been agreed on in Con gress when the question was whether, in the levy of direct taxes, slave holding states would be under-taxed ins Northern men contended) by not counting Ihe slaves as population or over-taxed (as the South claimed' by count ing them. The compromise then made as to taxation was em ployed , as to representation in the House." Norton concluded that Ihe slave slates received disproportionate representation in the House of Hcprescntatives hy reason of their slave population. The l.ith Amendment club in the closet deals with voting rights for the offices of president, vice presi dent, U.S. representatives, state executive, judicial and legislative atficers. When the right to vole in any such election is abridged to any qualified voter, the l.ith Amend ment provides that the basis of representation in such slate shall be reduced in proportion to the number of persons whose vol ins rights have been abridged bears to the whole number of the stale's qualified voters. Norton further explains: "This enables the nation to in flict punishment upon Ihe slate for preventing citizens from vol ing from voting for national of ficers not only, hut also some of ficers of the slate." Power Never Isrd Congress has Ihe power to act under the foregoing provisions of the Constitution. It never has used this power to reduce the number of a state's representa tives in the House. The weapon lies handy, however, to any mem M I. m I - ..-.J" jf7vlI 01:. .T' ' . . . ber of Congress minded to penal ize alleged discrimination against Negroes in the South or desiring, merely, to get his name in the paper as a friend of the Negro. Stranger things have happened in Congress than that some mem ber, for his own reason, would challenge the congressional rep resentation of some Southern states under terms of the 15lh Amendment. The. wholesale dis enfranchisement of Southern Ne groes is more often claimed in large numbers than it is legally proven. The claims persist, however, and the 15th Amendment awaits the whim of any legislator who may believe it would be worth while to raise in the new 87th Congress a legislative ruckus of large proportions. Roy Wilkins, executive secre tary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), estimated last week that about three million Negroes in some Southern states vere denied the vote in the Nov. 8 election. More specifically, Wil kins cited Mississippi registra tion figures. He said 8,000 Mississippi Negro citizens were registered of a Ne gro voting age population of 4:)5, 000 in that stale. Thomas James Norton's "The Constitution of the United States lis Sources and Application" is THE DOCTOR Weigh Mental By HAROLD T. I1YM.W, M.D. Written for NEA The general understanding and treatment of nervous and menial disorders have been more greatly advanced in recent years than in all recorded medical history. Vet you constantly hear complaints from reasonable people who huve been unable to obtain satisfactory neuropsychiatric care for them selves or for some member of their family or who have been disappointed at the wide gap be tween promise and fulfillment. Perhaps the following explana tions will help to lessen and even prevent some of these dissatisfac tions and disappointments: Mood drugs, shock treatments and operative procedures (psycho surgery' relievo only the symp toms not the disease. Like aspirin and related painkillers, they sweep the manifestations under the rug. In exchange for benefits ob tained from each of these forms of symptomatic treatment, a pen alty may be exacted. Mood dtugs occasionally are habit-forming and frequently produce undesirable tide cllecls. Although these side effects are usually of only minor importance, they may be serious and at times fatal. Shock treatment may be accom panied by dislocations and frac tures. They frequently arc tol lowed by disturbances of memory. And psychosurcery oilcn leaves the patient with a general flat tening of personality, emotional expression and mentality. Until $tcU MB. a 310 page book which discusses the Constitution sentence by sen tence, explaining why and how it was phrased as it is, and by whom. The book is a short course in basic government equal to a college course in civics. The price: 69 cents paperback, clolh bound $2 postpaid from the Com mittee for Constitutional Govern ment, 210 East 43rd St., New York Citv. Thoughts Let him sit alone In silence when he has laid it on him. Lamentations 3:28. It has been said with some meaning that if men would but rest in silence, they might al ways hear the music of the spheres. Arthur Helps. My persecutions, my suffer ings, what befell me at Antioeh, at Iconium, and at Lystra, what persecutions I endured; yet from them all the Lord rescued me. II Timothy 3:11. Thou art never at any time nearer to God than when under tribulation; which He permits for the purification and beautifying of thy soul. Miguel Molinos. SAYS . . . Faults Of Treatment Since none of these treatment methods is precise, it is impos sible to predict in advance when the effort will be successful, whether wholly or by balance, and when partially or wholly un successful or even harmful. Consequently, the conscien tious physician acts to protect his own and the patient's best inter ests when he postpones treatment until interested parties can be made acquainted with possible benefils and probable risks: In the case of a disturbance that is not incapacilaling, it is wise to heed the ancient teaching of "noli noccre" (Be ye unwilling to do harm). In the case of a disturbance that incapacitates the patient and or threatens the peace and wel fare of family or community, it is wise to consider the teach ing of the Father ol Medicine who favored "desperate remedies for desperate situations." If you arc forewarned of the limitations and possible risks of treatment, you're not apt to be so dissatisfied or disappointed when the outcome isn't as favorable as you wished. And if you're one of Ihe many who has profited, you have more cause for rejoicing I'll discuss psychotherapy in an other column. For a copy of Or. lly man's leaflet "Understanding Mental Ill ness." send 10 cents to Or. Hy man. care of Herald and News, Box m. Dept. B. Radio City Sta tion, New York 19, N Y. By PETER EDSOM Newspaper Enterprise Assn. WASHINGTON (NEA) - The Communist party is launching a new drive to. recruit American youth. Having failed in efforts to take over labor unions, American Ne groes and front organizations of fellow travelers in this country, the Commies have apparently fig ured they w ill have to recruit and train a new generation of young folks. Plans are under way to furm a new national youth organiza tion, patterned after the Ameri can Youth Congress w hich t h e Communists took over and ran into the ground during the great depression of the 1930s. Ef forts will be made to present the new organization as an "indepen dent" group dedicated to "pro gressive" ideas and programs. The objective is to entice young people into supporting Communist peace drives for dis armament, banning of nuclear tests, support of Soviet Russian programs in the U.N., recogni tion of Red China and backing for Fidel Castro in Cuba. Key to this organization drive is the launching of a publication, "New Horizons for Youth." Its first issue, a four-page tabloid put out by Youth Publications, 799 Broadway, New York, made its appearance in October. It is offered for sale at a dime a copy or a dollar a year. But most copies of the first issue ap pear to have been given away on college campuses in the big in dustrial states where there is some hope of enticing students into left wing causes. An editorial in the first issue says the paper "has been con ceived and is written by youth for youth. We are an indeicndent group and rely on our own ef forts." ' Actually, Daniel Rubin, listed on the masthead of the paper as its editor, is a member of the Com Russian Citizen For Confusion By WILLIAM L. RYAN Associated Press News Analyst If the Soviet man-in-the-street tries, on the basis of what he has been told officially, to figure out what happened in the U.S. elec tion, he is going to be a mighty bewildered citizen. Throughout the campaign Ivan's newspapers told him Sen. John F. Kennedy and Vice President Rich ard M. Nixon were Tweedledee and Tweedledum. The American voter, he read, had no choice at all. Both candidates, said the Communist press, served exactly the same interests and had the same predatory imperialist aims. Even when it was over, a typ ical ' official press comment was that "it is impossible to see with out a magnifying glass any marked difference between the Republican leader, Nixon and the Democrat leader, Kennedy." But then Ivan also was told that the election was a repudiation of the Republican party. For Ivan, there was no explanation of how the American voters could repu diate a policy if there was no difference in policies. Nor aid his press attempt to ex plain to him why an American electorate could repudiate a po litical party while a Soviet elec torate could never hope to do so. "Millions of Americans," Mos cow radio told its home audiences, "have given their reply to the arms race, to military provoca tion and to the aggravation of the cold war which was the founda tion of the Eisenhower adminis tration policy." The election, continued the broadcaster, expressed the peo ple's "profound disapproval of the political course of the U. S. gov ernment." Puzzled Ivan may have won dered: How come Americans get to ex press profound disapproval of their government? Could Ivan do likewise? And if both Democrats and Republicans represent "big monopoly capital." how can the American people repudiate an arms race by electing one or the other? If both parties are, as the press has told Ivan, incurably imperial ist, how can Comrade Khrushchev expect President Kennedy will represent "the people" any more than President Eisenhower did? Wasn't President Eisenhower once described by Comrade Khru shchev as a man of peace? And when President Eisenhower suc ceeded President Truman, who until then had been the main devil in the Soviet press, didn't Ivan read that the Americans elected the Democrats and of warmonger inc and arms-racing? If an imperialist president is such a menacing dictator, oppres sing the American people, how come they can remove him? . Ivan tends to shrug his shoul ders, defeated by his puzzlement. munist party, U S.A., national committee and is its national youth director. He is 29. Managing editor of the par is listed as Joseph Bauer, but his real name is Seymour Robert Joseph. He is a 32-year-old Com munist, a youth organizer for tha party in Queens County, N.Y., and a speaker at Communist youth rallies in the New York area. Even without these identifica tions, however, "New Horizons for Youth," is so obviously Com munist - slanted in material that it is anything but independent. Iu disguise is amateurish. In the middle of page one is an announcement of a "world youth forum" to be held in Mos cow next September. "News" in the publication sup posed to be of interest to Amer ican youth includes stories on demonstrations of youngsters at Democratic and Republican na tional conventions, sit-ins through out the South, peace marches to. observe the 16th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima on Aug. 6, protests against Housa Un-American Activities Commit tee hearings on Communists in education, held in San Francisco last May. This last item appeared under a heading, "San Francisco Youth Tell Off J. Edgar." This is a reference to the fact that t h a4 marchers 62 of them were ar rested on riot charges, later dis missed had denied FBI Di rector J. Edgar Hoover's charga they were agitated by Commu nists. The paper gives its biggest play to protests against school segre gation in an apparent bid for Ne gro youth support. Other protests are against the anti-Communist oath in government - backed stu dent loan applications and Unem ployment among youth today. The main theme throughout is to capitalize on discontent and stir up more trouble wherever possible. Has Reason On Elections Those Russians who do otherwlsa just get more bewildered, like a fellow I met in a Moscow depart ment store seven years ago. Sizing me up as an American, he sidled up and demanded: "Is , it true all Americans have auto mobiles?" I nodded and he squinted sus piciously. "Then tell me this," ha pursued. "Why docs Truman hava aggressive designs on the Soviet Union?" "Just a minute, I said. "Tru man's not president now. Eisen hower is." He gave me a grin and a know ing wink and said: "Yes but you know, and I know Truman's still the boss." Al manac By United Press International Today is Monday, Nov. 21. tha 326th day of the year with 40 more days in I960. The moon is approaching its first quarter. The morning stars are Mercury and Mars. The evening stars are Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. On this day in history: In 1684, French author, philoso pher and historian Francois Vol taire was born. In 1877, Thomas Edison an nounced he had invented a talking machine. In 1925, Red Grange played his last varsity game with the Uni versity of Illinois. In 1938, the western border area of Czechoslovakia was forcibly in corporated into the Reich and all inhabitants made German citizens. In 1940. Philip Murray became head of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, a post vacated by John L. Lewis. In 1943, 200.000 members of tha United Auto Workers Union went on strike against General Motors, Thought for today: English writer Charles Dickens said: "Da other men for they would do you. That's the true business precept." THEY SAY... In Ihe field of international or ganization we are in a primiliva slate of society just as savage as the animals. C.eorgp V. Allen, dirpctnr ef tha I'. S. Information Agency. li s a great honor. But. oh, dear, what would the children say? Muriel Clark. London school teacher elected president of tha British Sun Bathing (nudist) Ann.
