PAGE 6 A
HERALD AND NEWS, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Monday, Nov. 21, 1960
EDSON IN WASHINGTON
Reds Eye U.S. Youth
Back to Normal
n Membership Drive
Good Reasons For Meeting
- There Is a continuing game of guesswork
is to why President-elect Kennedy went to
Visit Vice President Nixon at Key Biscayne
in Florida. Probably a good deal of the guess
ing is close to the mark.
; For one thing, Kennedy obviously wants
our friends and foes abroad to understand
that the sharp divisions developed in this
country during a presidential campaign end
when the ballots are counted. This was, in
other words, a gesture of unity.
: Evidence also points to a desire on Ken
nedy's part to rub out any personal animosi
iies that might be left over from the some
iimes harsh campaigning. A lingering hostil
ity has marred the relationship between Pres
ident Eisenhower and Harry Truman since
1952. It makes an unhappy chapter.
Some see in the Kennedy-Nixon meeting
a move by President-elect Kennedy to win the
vice president's support for the possible in
clusion of one or two Republicans in key ad
ministration posts. The fact that they will meet
again lends some credence to this specula
tion. : This might be a natural step in view of
ihe closeness of the popular vote. Yet it could
be a mistake to reason further that Kennedy
feels his narrow margin makes him heavily
Cause
The new and higher unemployment fig
ures, running counter to the normal season
al trend, are genuine cause for concern in a
year which originally promised such good
things.
i When unemployment amounts to 6 per
cent or more of the total work force, most
"economists and labor specialists believe the
danger signals are up. Today's 3,500,000 total
does surpass 6 per cent.
Furthermore, there is some fear that by
January the figure may have gone past five
million. That would, by general acknowledge
ment, give the nation its fourth recession in
the past 12 years.
The current state of the economy was a
Subject for sharp partisan controversy in the
recent presidential campaign. But the events
of history indicate that recessions are bipar
tisan. ' The first postwar decline of consequence
struck in 1949, just a few months after Harry
Truman won surprise election. It was cured by
the rising defense outlays incident to the
Korean war which broke out in mid-1950. .
Since then, recessions in 1954 and 1958
have plagued the Eisenhower regime, and
now a third threatens. Most observers believe
the 1954 and 1958 declines cost the Republi
cans heavily at the polls, and many are saying
that the spotty effects of the current slow
down figured markedly in the victory of president-elect
Kennedy.
Whatever the direct political effects, the
fact is we ought all to be troubled by the fre
quency of these downward swings, which seem
to recur no matter which party is in power.
If the present drop finally earns the title
Of recession, it will mean we are having one
every three or four years. That plainly is too
often for the well-being of our citizens, too
QUESTIONS
AND
: ANSWERS
: Q Which is the oldest American
race track?
. A Saratoga in New York Slate is
the oldest. The second oldest is Pimli
co, Baltimore, Md.
: Q'as Benjamin Franklin born in
Philadelphia, Pa.?
: A No, although generally assoc
iated with Philadelphia, he was born
in Boston, Mass..
: Q Do plants give off oxygen?
: A In the process of photosynthe
sis In green plants the absorption of
Carbon dioxide is accompanied by a
telease of oxygen.
dependent on the GOP for the success of his
programs.
He has given no indication he believes
he is dealing from anything but the strength
which goes with the winner.
There is another possible motive for Ken
nedy's gesture toward Nixon. While the president-elect
may resort to sharp partisan utter
ance in a campaign, he is not and never has
been a doctrinaire party man. He both speaks
and acts in acknowledgment that we have two
parties.
Many stern partisans on both sides do '
not. They often behave as if only their own
party had a right to exist and win elections.
Some go farther and suggest only their party
can keep the country from ruin.
Kennedy is not of this order. After the
Eisenhower sweep of 1952, he disdained parti
san grumbling and graciously accepted the
people's verdict. Inevitably, it is felt, he would
be respectful of Nixon's excellent showing in
this election.
But some who know him think he would
have called on the vice president even if he
had buried him in a landslide. For it would
then have been more vital than now to exhibit
belief in the vigorous future of America's
two-party system.
For Concern
often for a nation engaged in a deadly struggle
with the forces of Communist tyranny.
It has been said many times since World
War II that with our many built-in safeguards
we are now almost depression-proof. Certajn
ly we have suffered nothing of the magnitude
of the Great Depression of the 1930s, nor do
we seem likely to.
Yet important economic answers appear,
still to elude us. No one imagines that all
cyclical ups and downs can be wiped out. But
leaders in both parties, plus our scholars and
our businessmen, should address themselves
sharply to ways and means of preventing the
frequent recurrence of declines steep enough
to be called recessions.
They are a mark of persistent failure
which we cannot endure but must cure, in the
interest of our national safety and well-being.
Clamping Down
At least one university has taken steps
to end a situation which has grown into ser
ious proportions in recent years. The Univer
sity of Illinois has announced it will no long
er accept illiterate freshmen (more than one
out of four last year). The school is discard
ing its intensified one-semester course in
English, in which it has tried to teach incom
ing students what they should have Warned
about reading and writing their native tongue
in 12 years of grade and high school.
The decision has been made not only in
the interests of the university but in the in
terests of the freshmen many of whom just
flunk out with all the extra effort. The high
schools did these young people no favor by
granting them unearned diplomas; colleges
cannot be expected to let them continue kid
ding themselves that they are getting an education.
Having Fun
ACROSS
1 Tke's favorite
.sport.
5 Money players
9 Tennis term
12 Cantury plant
13 Antitoxins
4 Dreaii.1
5 Creek letter
6 Repeat
7 Mouthward
8 Auctions
9 Supported
10 Ureal lakl
1 1 (iratuitios
14 Swim canton
IS Seizing hy force f African lly
17 Drink slowly
20 Dismay
1H Files
11' Fancies
1M Dispatched
23 Health resort
24 Priestly
garment
27(olf mounds
29 howling
equipment
32 Funeral vehicle
34 Astronomy
muse
M Whirled
37 Snflert
.18 Parent
ltd Stalk
41 Ituer in
Scotland
43 Country hotel
44 Dry
46 Tunc for skiing
and sledding
4!) Withers
.VI Insect
f4 Holding hark
M Japanese name
7Turn
68 Cry of
bacchanals
Rft Actor Chaney
GO Kenuruoe
sufTix
II Hepose
nows
1 Snares
2 Medley
3 Feminine
22 Itequires
24 K tabulation
25 Mother of Helen
of Iroy
26 Net (tame
26 More certain
.111 Haschall team
31 Cloy
I 12 13 14 I lb 16 17 IS I 19 110 111
J 13 14
rs uT T?
ii
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32 ii W lit
3 ll J?
--4i nn a
46 ; 44 ft bO jo I 152
&S 5 W
5? bl ""5
ppellatiois
IktVYSrATMl IvNTUU'RISE AiSN.
Answer tfl Previous Puzzle
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E . E gje v e ft el
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P & BH? elE "LPTS! til
NP Ml OlK T S
TTft I UsXr I
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SlI aTT e " oTa n j 5Jh I
m r w i n otC e a 5e I
a&ent nwATgNE'l
.1.1 l-audiing
47 Preposition
48 Kilning gear
50 Rant
51 Sclh's son (Rib.
52 Ul it stand
5 Anger ,
.in 1-ai'kinR"
40 Ornament
43 Courage (coll)
45 Restrain
46 Cry
WASHINGTON WINDOW
Constitutional Amendment
Could Provide Fireworks
By LYLE C. WILSON
WASHINGTON (UFI) - New
census figures reducing Ihe con
gressional representation ol some
slates and increasing others re
minds that there is a powerful, '
if unused, constitutional provision
relating, to civil rights and the
congressional representation of
the various states.
This provision is embraced in
Section 2, Article 15, one of the
reconstruction articles commonly
known as the 15th Amendment.
11 was adopted by Congress in
1866 and became effective two
years later. '
The 15th Amendment provided
that: "lieproscnlalives shall be
apportioned among the several
stales according to their respec
tive numbers, counting the whole
number of persons in each state,
excluding Indians not taxed."
A foot note to "The Constitu
tion of the United States" edited
by Thomas James Norton ex
plains further:
"Up to this time (1868) mem
bers of the House of Representa
tives were allowed to each state
in proportion to the whole pop
ulation and three-fifths of the
slaves but this new provision
(15th Amendment) made each
Negro count as one."
Fraction Kxplaincd
The fraction of "three-lifllis" in
counting the slave population was
imbedded in Article 1 of the Con
stitution dealing with the legisla
tive powers of Congress. Norton
explains that it came about this
way:
"Although slaves were not citi
zens or voters, the number of
them was considered in laying di
rect taxes. The three-fifths frac
tion had been agreed on in Con
gress when the question was
whether, in the levy of direct
taxes, slave holding states would
be under-taxed ins Northern men
contended) by not counting Ihe
slaves as population or over-taxed
(as the South claimed' by count
ing them. The compromise then
made as to taxation was em
ployed , as to representation in
the House."
Norton concluded that Ihe slave
slates received disproportionate
representation in the House of
Hcprescntatives hy reason of
their slave population. The l.ith
Amendment club in the closet
deals with voting rights for the
offices of president, vice presi
dent, U.S. representatives, state
executive, judicial and legislative
atficers.
When the right to vole in any
such election is abridged to any
qualified voter, the l.ith Amend
ment provides that the basis of
representation in such slate shall
be reduced in proportion to the
number of persons whose vol ins
rights have been abridged bears
to the whole number of the
stale's qualified voters.
Norton further explains:
"This enables the nation to in
flict punishment upon Ihe slate
for preventing citizens from vol
ing from voting for national of
ficers not only, hut also some of
ficers of the slate."
Power Never Isrd
Congress has Ihe power to act
under the foregoing provisions of
the Constitution. It never has
used this power to reduce the
number of a state's representa
tives in the House. The weapon
lies handy, however, to any mem
M I. m I - ..-.J" jf7vlI 01:. .T' '
. . .
ber of Congress minded to penal
ize alleged discrimination against
Negroes in the South or desiring,
merely, to get his name in the
paper as a friend of the Negro.
Stranger things have happened
in Congress than that some mem
ber, for his own reason, would
challenge the congressional rep
resentation of some Southern
states under terms of the 15lh
Amendment. The. wholesale dis
enfranchisement of Southern Ne
groes is more often claimed in
large numbers than it is legally
proven.
The claims persist, however,
and the 15th Amendment awaits
the whim of any legislator who
may believe it would be worth
while to raise in the new 87th
Congress a legislative ruckus of
large proportions.
Roy Wilkins, executive secre
tary of the National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP), estimated last
week that about three million
Negroes in some Southern states
vere denied the vote in the Nov.
8 election. More specifically, Wil
kins cited Mississippi registra
tion figures.
He said 8,000 Mississippi Negro
citizens were registered of a Ne
gro voting age population of 4:)5,
000 in that stale.
Thomas James Norton's "The
Constitution of the United States
lis Sources and Application" is
THE DOCTOR
Weigh
Mental
By HAROLD T. I1YM.W, M.D.
Written for NEA
The general understanding and
treatment of nervous and menial
disorders have been more greatly
advanced in recent years than in
all recorded medical history. Vet
you constantly hear complaints
from reasonable people who huve
been unable to obtain satisfactory
neuropsychiatric care for them
selves or for some member of
their family or who have been
disappointed at the wide gap be
tween promise and fulfillment.
Perhaps the following explana
tions will help to lessen and even
prevent some of these dissatisfac
tions and disappointments:
Mood drugs, shock treatments
and operative procedures (psycho
surgery' relievo only the symp
toms not the disease. Like aspirin
and related painkillers, they
sweep the manifestations under
the rug.
In exchange for benefits ob
tained from each of these forms
of symptomatic treatment, a pen
alty may be exacted. Mood dtugs
occasionally are habit-forming and
frequently produce undesirable
tide cllecls. Although these side
effects are usually of only minor
importance, they may be serious
and at times fatal.
Shock treatment may be accom
panied by dislocations and frac
tures. They frequently arc tol
lowed by disturbances of memory.
And psychosurcery oilcn leaves
the patient with a general flat
tening of personality, emotional
expression and mentality.
Until
$tcU MB.
a 310 page book which discusses
the Constitution sentence by sen
tence, explaining why and how it
was phrased as it is, and by
whom. The book is a short course
in basic government equal to a
college course in civics. The
price: 69 cents paperback, clolh
bound $2 postpaid from the Com
mittee for Constitutional Govern
ment, 210 East 43rd St., New
York Citv.
Thoughts
Let him sit alone In silence
when he has laid it on him.
Lamentations 3:28.
It has been said with some
meaning that if men would but
rest in silence, they might al
ways hear the music of the
spheres. Arthur Helps.
My persecutions, my suffer
ings, what befell me at Antioeh,
at Iconium, and at Lystra, what
persecutions I endured; yet from
them all the Lord rescued me.
II Timothy 3:11.
Thou art never at any time
nearer to God than when under
tribulation; which He permits for
the purification and beautifying
of thy soul. Miguel Molinos.
SAYS . . .
Faults Of
Treatment
Since none of these treatment
methods is precise, it is impos
sible to predict in advance when
the effort will be successful,
whether wholly or by balance,
and when partially or wholly un
successful or even harmful.
Consequently, the conscien
tious physician acts to protect his
own and the patient's best inter
ests when he postpones treatment
until interested parties can be
made acquainted with possible
benefils and probable risks:
In the case of a disturbance
that is not incapacilaling, it is
wise to heed the ancient teaching
of "noli noccre" (Be ye unwilling
to do harm).
In the case of a disturbance
that incapacitates the patient and
or threatens the peace and wel
fare of family or community,
it is wise to consider the teach
ing of the Father ol Medicine
who favored "desperate remedies
for desperate situations."
If you arc forewarned of the
limitations and possible risks of
treatment, you're not apt to be so
dissatisfied or disappointed when
the outcome isn't as favorable as
you wished. And if you're one of
Ihe many who has profited, you
have more cause for rejoicing
I'll discuss psychotherapy in an
other column.
For a copy of Or. lly man's
leaflet "Understanding Mental Ill
ness." send 10 cents to Or. Hy
man. care of Herald and News,
Box m. Dept. B. Radio City Sta
tion, New York 19, N Y.
By PETER EDSOM
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
WASHINGTON (NEA) - The
Communist party is launching a
new drive to. recruit American
youth.
Having failed in efforts to take
over labor unions, American Ne
groes and front organizations of
fellow travelers in this country,
the Commies have apparently fig
ured they w ill have to recruit and
train a new generation of young
folks.
Plans are under way to furm
a new national youth organiza
tion, patterned after the Ameri
can Youth Congress w hich t h e
Communists took over and ran
into the ground during the
great depression of the 1930s. Ef
forts will be made to present the
new organization as an "indepen
dent" group dedicated to "pro
gressive" ideas and programs.
The objective is to entice
young people into supporting
Communist peace drives for dis
armament, banning of nuclear
tests, support of Soviet Russian
programs in the U.N., recogni
tion of Red China and backing
for Fidel Castro in Cuba.
Key to this organization drive
is the launching of a publication,
"New Horizons for Youth." Its
first issue, a four-page tabloid
put out by Youth Publications,
799 Broadway, New York, made
its appearance in October.
It is offered for sale at a dime
a copy or a dollar a year. But
most copies of the first issue ap
pear to have been given away on
college campuses in the big in
dustrial states where there is
some hope of enticing students
into left wing causes.
An editorial in the first issue
says the paper "has been con
ceived and is written by youth
for youth. We are an indeicndent
group and rely on our own ef
forts." '
Actually, Daniel Rubin, listed on
the masthead of the paper as its
editor, is a member of the Com
Russian Citizen
For Confusion
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press News Analyst
If the Soviet man-in-the-street
tries, on the basis of what he has
been told officially, to figure out
what happened in the U.S. elec
tion, he is going to be a mighty
bewildered citizen.
Throughout the campaign Ivan's
newspapers told him Sen. John F.
Kennedy and Vice President Rich
ard M. Nixon were Tweedledee
and Tweedledum. The American
voter, he read, had no choice at
all. Both candidates, said the
Communist press, served exactly
the same interests and had the
same predatory imperialist aims.
Even when it was over, a typ
ical ' official press comment was
that "it is impossible to see with
out a magnifying glass any
marked difference between the
Republican leader, Nixon and the
Democrat leader, Kennedy."
But then Ivan also was told that
the election was a repudiation of
the Republican party. For Ivan,
there was no explanation of how
the American voters could repu
diate a policy if there was no
difference in policies.
Nor aid his press attempt to ex
plain to him why an American
electorate could repudiate a po
litical party while a Soviet elec
torate could never hope to do so.
"Millions of Americans," Mos
cow radio told its home audiences,
"have given their reply to the
arms race, to military provoca
tion and to the aggravation of the
cold war which was the founda
tion of the Eisenhower adminis
tration policy."
The election, continued the
broadcaster, expressed the peo
ple's "profound disapproval of the
political course of the U. S. gov
ernment." Puzzled Ivan may have won
dered: How come Americans get to ex
press profound disapproval of
their government? Could Ivan do
likewise? And if both Democrats
and Republicans represent "big
monopoly capital." how can the
American people repudiate an
arms race by electing one or the
other?
If both parties are, as the press
has told Ivan, incurably imperial
ist, how can Comrade Khrushchev
expect President Kennedy will
represent "the people" any more
than President Eisenhower did?
Wasn't President Eisenhower
once described by Comrade Khru
shchev as a man of peace? And
when President Eisenhower suc
ceeded President Truman, who
until then had been the main devil
in the Soviet press, didn't Ivan
read that the Americans elected
the Democrats and of warmonger
inc and arms-racing?
If an imperialist president is
such a menacing dictator, oppres
sing the American people, how
come they can remove him? .
Ivan tends to shrug his shoul
ders, defeated by his puzzlement.
munist party, U S.A., national
committee and is its national
youth director. He is 29.
Managing editor of the par
is listed as Joseph Bauer, but
his real name is Seymour Robert
Joseph. He is a 32-year-old Com
munist, a youth organizer for tha
party in Queens County, N.Y.,
and a speaker at Communist
youth rallies in the New York
area.
Even without these identifica
tions, however, "New Horizons
for Youth," is so obviously Com
munist - slanted in material that
it is anything but independent. Iu
disguise is amateurish.
In the middle of page one is
an announcement of a "world
youth forum" to be held in Mos
cow next September.
"News" in the publication sup
posed to be of interest to Amer
ican youth includes stories on
demonstrations of youngsters at
Democratic and Republican na
tional conventions, sit-ins through
out the South, peace marches to.
observe the 16th anniversary of
the bombing of Hiroshima on
Aug. 6, protests against Housa
Un-American Activities Commit
tee hearings on Communists in
education, held in San Francisco
last May.
This last item appeared under
a heading, "San Francisco Youth
Tell Off J. Edgar." This is a
reference to the fact that t h a4
marchers 62 of them were ar
rested on riot charges, later dis
missed had denied FBI Di
rector J. Edgar Hoover's charga
they were agitated by Commu
nists. The paper gives its biggest play
to protests against school segre
gation in an apparent bid for Ne
gro youth support. Other protests
are against the anti-Communist
oath in government - backed stu
dent loan applications and Unem
ployment among youth today.
The main theme throughout is
to capitalize on discontent and
stir up more trouble wherever
possible.
Has Reason
On Elections
Those Russians who do otherwlsa
just get more bewildered, like a
fellow I met in a Moscow depart
ment store seven years ago.
Sizing me up as an American,
he sidled up and demanded: "Is ,
it true all Americans have auto
mobiles?" I nodded and he squinted sus
piciously. "Then tell me this," ha
pursued. "Why docs Truman hava
aggressive designs on the Soviet
Union?"
"Just a minute, I said. "Tru
man's not president now. Eisen
hower is."
He gave me a grin and a know
ing wink and said: "Yes but you
know, and I know Truman's still
the boss."
Al
manac
By United Press International
Today is Monday, Nov. 21. tha
326th day of the year with 40
more days in I960.
The moon is approaching its
first quarter.
The morning stars are Mercury
and Mars.
The evening stars are Venus,
Jupiter and Saturn.
On this day in history:
In 1684, French author, philoso
pher and historian Francois Vol
taire was born.
In 1877, Thomas Edison an
nounced he had invented a talking
machine.
In 1925, Red Grange played his
last varsity game with the Uni
versity of Illinois.
In 1938, the western border area
of Czechoslovakia was forcibly in
corporated into the Reich and all
inhabitants made German citizens.
In 1940. Philip Murray became
head of the Congress of Industrial
Organizations, a post vacated by
John L. Lewis.
In 1943, 200.000 members of tha
United Auto Workers Union went
on strike against General Motors,
Thought for today: English
writer Charles Dickens said: "Da
other men for they would do you.
That's the true business precept."
THEY
SAY...
In Ihe field of international or
ganization we are in a primiliva
slate of society just as savage as
the animals.
C.eorgp V. Allen, dirpctnr ef tha
I'. S. Information Agency.
li s a great honor. But. oh, dear,
what would the children say?
Muriel Clark. London school
teacher elected president of tha
British Sun Bathing (nudist)
Ann.