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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 8, 1963)
. mws-wiw ttuauwi., wttUHU. WU.OOW . THgBSPAY, AOOUST , 13t3 Q Addis Ababa limeraiiinig as Probable Capital off Africa By WILBUR G. LANDREY i month. It already is th hpari. I Mr Ffhinnia t (ho ,ii , ..i...i.. .1 .1 n.i 1 ..... .ui.. 1. u. . .. .. . . . Uniied Press International j quarters of the United Na Addis Ababa-flM-This cap-j t i o n s Economic Commission i ai timopia is likely tot for Africa (ECA), which oecome the "capital of Africa" as well. The event will be another triumph for tmporer H a i 1 e Selassie "King of kings, the elect of God and conquering lion of Judah." Diplomatic sources say Addis Ababa is likely to be Phncon oe U- U , 1 c .c ..cauquariers the emperor, for the new organization of! monarch in i unity (UAU) when: which runs to youthful Re Airican foreign ministers j publicans, scored an impres meet in Dakar. Senegal, next sive victory for himself and (tUA), wnich is housed in a magnificent marble hall opposite the emperor's Jubilee palace. It depends on with whom you talk in Ethiopia whether the future is dark or bright under the emperor's imperial rule. But everyone agrees that a 7.i-year-old continent for Ethiopia at the summit conference here last May which drafted t h e OAU charter. Emperor Credited It has he who insisted that the 30 African heads of state overrule the timidity of their foreign ministers and draft the charter here. Both for eign diplomats and Ethiopi ans credited him with the conference's success. And that success has helped silence allegations at home, mostly youthful, pia is moving slowly while the rest of Afri ca passes her by. Haile Selassie's country has a history of 3,000 years, an area one and one-third the size of Texas and an estimat ed population of 20 million. Its soil is rich enough to feed 10 times that number and its scenery is spectacularly beau tiful. Its capiat, Adriis Ababa (the new flower), is an in creasingly modern city of 450,000 whose streets are lined with shiny walls of cor- that Ethio-j rugated iron, hiding both new ahead too construction and old eye sores alike. It has fine hotels and restaurants but, at night, hyenas from the nearby hills still slink as scavengers through its streets. Back to Solomon Haile Selassie has ruled for 47 years, from 1916 to 1930 as regent and from 1930 as emperor of a dynastic line that legend says originated from the meeting of King Solomon with the Queen of Sheba. In the painted story of Solomon and Sheba which tourists buy to decorate their walls, Ethiopia has perhaps the first "comic strip." More than any other emperor, Haile Selassie has dragged Ethiopia forward, after centuries of isolation, into an era which knows the wheel and the airplane. He still rules as well as reigns, sometimes even to small de tails and hence the impa tience of some of the younger civil servants. A slight, bearded figure in full dress uniform, who feeds pet lions by hand, he rules with what diplomats here re gard as consummate skill, balancing this group against that and holding Ethiopia to gether as no other man could The solitary negus who re proached the conscience of the world when the Italians invaded his country to 1838 is likely to be known as one of Ethiopia's greatest em perors. Still Illiterate But illiteracy is still 95 per cent and per capita income is only $47 a year. Ironically, it has been the emperor's ef forts to advance education that have led to much of the criticism of himself and the men around him. It comes from the youth of Sporting Goods . . Automotive Supplies . Paint . . Hardware Household Supplies . Building Material Plumbing Prices Hli INSTALL HZ W PEP NEW POWER tt W ECONOMY New Low Price! 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Eldari Cita Post The answer of their elders is that they have forgotten or never knew what Ethiopia was like 20 years aso. Nor do the young intellectuals re flect the beliefs and values of the countryside outside Addis Ababa. One senior official tells the story of how he got an edu cation: "I had to be 'exiled' abroad by the emperor to get an education at all over the opposition of my family." In the middle rank of gov ernment officials, where the pressure for "reform" but not revolution becomes great er, a typical aspiration is for a full-fledged constitutional monarchy when the emperor dies. The crown prince is his eldest son, 50-year-old Afsa Woseen Hailie Selassie. Now there are a prime minister, 16 ministers and a parliament composed of an elected Lower House and an appointed Upper House. The ministers are also appointed by the emperor and respon sible to him. The education portfolio he holds himself. The armed forces of 25,0(10 men are officered by the coun try s ehfe ana eauinoed hv the United Stales with every thing from ships and tanks to F-86 jet fighters. Armed Forces With a wary eye on So malia and Egypt, 34 per cent of the Ethiopian budget goes tor the armed forces and poHee. Balancing the regular army are 15,000 territorials tri bal irregulars. Ethiopia is entering the second year of her second five-year plan, which started! last July and will run until 1967. It calls for an increase of 4.6 per cent a year in gross national product and an In vestment of $1,082,000,000. Over the past few years about a quarter of the gov ernment s budget has gone for economic development. Eighty-five per cent of the national product comes from agricultural crops grown by peasant tenant farmers and herdsmen who make up near-i ly 8f per cent of the popula-l can who struggled with ero- tion. Coffee Is the largest ex- j codiies, lions and nature gen port and the United States j erally to help complete th tskes 79 per cent of if. ! recent survey of the blue Bu the biggest growths are Nile: "There are hazards here scheduled for mining, Indus- you don't normally run into try and power. in the United States." mere is potash and gold and exploration is hopefully going on for oil. The plaa calls for a steel mill and aa agreement has been conclud ed with Russia to build an oil refinery at the port of Assab. Remains Neutral Like most other African countries, Ethiopia tries to be "neutral" in the cold war. She does not yet recognize Communist China, although most diplomats predict turn will eventually. In tacit return for an Im portant radio relay station near Asmara, which is a vital link in American global com munications, Ethiopia has re ceived some $114,100,000 in grants and loans from the Uniied States during the past ten years, and another STO million worth of military aid. With more than 5,000 Americans in Ethiopia, it 11 one of the key American diplomatic posts on the con tinent. The United States has helped build roads in a coun try where the muddy tracks are sometimes as bad as those of medieval Europe or the pioneer American west. The United States has fos tered agricultural education and health, financed new jets for the TW-operated airlines and sent 277 Peace Corps volunteers (one of whom put Androclcs and the Lion to music for the country's first musical eomedy sung in Amharic). They helped dou ble the number of students to secondary schools this year. Receives Aid Ethiopia gets other aid as well from Russia, th World Bank, West Germany, Italy (war reparations), Swe den, Yugoslavia and Czecho slovakia. The Soviet Union has promised $100 million worth of rubles on paper nearly equal to aid from the United States but only a fraction of that has been used. Ethiopia has been Chris tian since the third century after Christ and today about 40 per cent of its inhabitants are adherents of the official Ethiopian Orthodox church. Perhaps another 40 per cent are Moslem. Ethiopia's language is Amheric, the language of its I dominant people. Most of the country is a temperate plateau between 7,000 and 10,000 feet high, rent by tremendous gores. Both to the east and west the plateau plunges thousands of feet to scorching deserts. It has elephant, buffalo, rhinocerous, giraffe, zebra, lion, leopard, cheetah, anti lope, azclle, and, in remote areas, shlftas (bandits). In the words of one Ameri- CUTIE COOLER-This real cutie cooler-a snowman in Au gust, and in Los Angeles yet-is part of a scheme to call attention to the Gaslight Club's Christmas-in-August cele bration which will feature a snowman each day, 3 doorman Santa Glaus and yuletide drinks. The girl?, known as the Gaslight Girls, are, from left, Claudia Howard, Jo Summers and Suzie Lussky. 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