Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, July 18, 1963, Image 37

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Medford mail tribune., July 18, 1963, Image 37

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Newspaper Page TextAtmosphere for By DONALD H. Mv Unittd Pres International Washington- (UPD -On Julv 16. 1945, the first atomic bomb was exploded in the desert at Alamagordo, N.M The Ruclear age began, and with it man's efforts to avoid nuclear destruction. Since then the United States has set off at least 256 more nuclear devices; Russia at least 125; Britain 21 and France 5. And since then the United States, Britain and Russia have held hundreds of negotiating sessions - in Ge neva, Moscow, New York and Wasbington-for a treaty to Dan future weapons tests. These three powers are meeting in high level talks in Moscow for another try. For a change, the atmosphere for some success is more favor able but no sane person would attempt to predict the outcome. Has Been Oscured Over the years, the test ban search has often been ob scured to the public by scien tific technicalities like "Seis mic magnitude 4.75," by bald faced platitudes from states men, by 18- nation confer ences and three-nation confer ences, by radiation scares, by DO-IT-YOURSELF'S VALUE NOT COUNTED We now have a road opening up some of the woods behind our country home for the first time since the original settlers cleared the land. It cost "nothing." My do-it-yourself husband simply got on his 1962-bought bulldozer, his 1960-bought tractor and those other mechanical monsters he keeps in self-built sheds around here and moved earth, rocks, brush and trees until a road emerged. Had he hired men to clear the road, the cost would have run into hundreds of dollars and what he spent would have duly added to our nation's total output of goods and services (Gross National Product). But since Summer Collins did it entirely on his own with machines bought in the past and paid no one, nothing counts. Neither the new road nor the value it adds to our property will show up anywhere in any statistical measurement of U.S. production in 1963. A friend a few miles away invited us last week end to the "inaugural" of his new bar a sturdy, handsomely de signed, beautifully finished thing. It cost next to nothing, for he's another week end do-it-yourself fanatic with sheds loaded with tools and he built the bar with tender loving care, permitted no one to help. I Had he bought that bar, he would have spent a minimum of $500 and this would have duly added to GNP in 1963. As it is, the only dollars that will be counted are the few he spent on wood, nails, varnish, the like. This is the peak do-il-yourelf season when tens of mil lions of men and women from coast to coast are finding their substitute for a psychiatrist's couch in the use of their leisure hours to create things ranging from an ash tray to an extra wing on the house. These are the weeks, therefore, when the distortions and inadequacies in our calculations of GNP are highlighted. If you hire a carpenter to build a new room for you, your entire bill will swell GNP. If you build this new room yourself, only what you send for materials and tools will -be counted. Your labor doesn't count although labor is by far the biggest cost in most projects today. How grossly are we understanding our GNP because of this ommission? A recent estimate by Stanford professor Karl Brandt, a member of the Council of Economic Ad visers during President Eisenhower's administration, is that we may be understating it by as much as 20 per cent a year. This would hike GNP right now to well above $590 billion, j .u;, j..r.'t tair intn ronsideration how much bigger auu una uvjv. jii .... GNP would be today if we labor in the past. a i. nf rfonaripe ann this The Department of Commerce was just starting to calculate t.;i PrnHnri (it wasn't until 1947 that the govern- men began publishing the estimates every quarter), and it oii.ninto as much cuesswork as possible, ine j. i, . uniircnif mFnt was busy filling shortages pent up time, not leisure time, dominaiea our sui.iei.jr. But do-it-yourself now is a way of life. The leisure time workshop is commonplace in millions of homes. The investments of the American public in do-it-yourself ma chines and tools run into enormous sums, and great in dustries have come into being because the do-it-yourselfer knuaf eaulDmeni. Moreover, do-it-yourselfers will add even more to the nation's output in the yearsahead. As the workweek shortens and vacations lengthen, tms increasingly v.... and his hobby. . Perhaps excluding from GNP totals the services that tens of millions of housewives perform within their homes must be tolerated because a dollar figure cannot be placed on the housewife's production. But with computers and new techniques to help us gather statistical data, excluding the value of the do-it-yourself's labor is no longer tolerable. The billions of dollars they contribute to GNP are real, can be seen, can be felt. What I wrote years ago on this is more valid today than ever. Not even trying to make a guss on the do-it-yourselfer's contribution "is like pretending the foundation of a house is the whole house." I TAR -Br CLAY X Vow Doilr AdMtv it ' According lo Iht Storf. ' To develop message for Friday, reod words corresponding to numbers lf 5.15-26-37 otyourlodioc Birth sign. (6: uutul AMI 21 tYour 31 2 Don't 3 Toko 5 H 6 Outlook 7 Should. SYour oPeeeo lOTrovol II Bag 12Sun.i0 13 Fvsonolity 14 Making 15 It's 16 A 170 ISA-OL logo 20 And 21 Is 22Cono"os 23 lodKalw 2ACHenm 25Som 26 Actn 27 B'o9 23 wml 29 Or 32Ell 33Fmnd 34lov 35 And 36 Ne 37 You 38 Sell 39 For V MAY II irS5AMB-7a Hj7&77-84-8a OU4M MAYS JUNES 40 Pour .' A.01JMS 4 1 42lo 43 For 44 (nod 45Polm 46 Ci.hoofs 47 nil CAHCIt JtMS JULY a S2 11-14-25J6J 41 49 50 Hoi uo 51 Woo 52 o.wfeU SSMsmoI 54Nt 54 01 57 Romonet 5? Vr 50 F- 5-Auaa 10-22-33-44 veoo 30 Al o0rttf GoJ : M9-30-41 :?V52-f4-73 Pickets, by people sailing in tiny boats in protest into ocean test zones, and by a running debate in American politics over whether it is worthwhile at all. To begin sorting out the confusion-what would a test ban mean to the world? Ending weapons tests would not remove the danger of nu clear war. Russia and the United States would still pos sess enough nuclear weapons to incinerate each other and most of the northern hemis phere. But it would be a start to ward the far more difficult goal of nuclear disarmament. It would reduce the danger of more terrible weapons being found, or a sudden upset in the balance of power which might cause a panic war. It would reduce world fears of radiation fallout. Stop Other Nations Most important-in the eyes of its proponents-it might stop other nations from de veloping nuclear weapons of their own. A dozen countries now possess the Industrial and scientific bases to become nu clear powers in relatively few years if they want to. France, though it exploded Your Money's Worth By SYLVIA PORTER Copyright, Hall Syndicate, Inc. had been counting do-it-yourself ommission was understandable. in its infancy. The U.S. was so during World War II that over GA2ER R. POIXAN- 4 scom Prollfi 61 Rtfrtsh 62 Rwoirs 630.1 64 Monty 66 Looks 66PfOOle 67 AM 68Ch.ldrn 69PC OCT. NOV. 1 101i 0S LiA.589 Si lAOrtTAIUUS NOV. , net a r OFufuro 2.1B.20-4Cevi Outlining 71 You 72 Fumishinl 73Dov 74 buly 75 And 76tM 77Aorr 78 PnwH DEC 21 JAM H2-23.34'C4 mom Automobile 79Fowwly 157-67-79-86 MYour J'5-orr :o 83 Rocrskftien 84 Your 15 AttfMorl 87 Hocfeos 88 Hord 89 Fit LAN. II ra. 9-20-31 -2V k5-56-a0-88 mat ftl )Jo 00 No AdVent sfcrd 4-17-28-39 T W-62-72 Some Success its first nuclear device in the Sahara in February, 1960, still is in the process of turn ing this capability into a nu clear weapons system usable in war. Red China is working toward where France was in 1960. A test ban would be signed at first only by the United States, Britain and Russia. These states would then try to persuade France and other nuclear powers as they come along to join. If one relused the ban would be technically void. Whether France or Red China could be persuaded is one of the unsolved, and largely unfaced, problems of diplomacy. But it is the con cept of nuclear bombs in the hands of a multiplicity of countries-some irresponsible that test ban proponents see as their strongest argument. Series of Protests For the first four years aft er that day in July, 1945, when the fateful mushroom clour rose over Alamagordo, the test ban movement was largely a series of protests and demonstrations by wor ried scientists and various or ganizations, many of them Communist inspired against further U. S. development of atomic weapons. Responding to some of these pressures, the United States offered in the United Nations in 1946 the "Baruch plan" for international con trol and inspection of atomic energy. Russia rejected it. On Aug. 29, 1949, Russia tested her own first nuclear weapon which stolen Ameri can secrets helped to fashion, and the problem became one not of U. S. tests but of an arms race. During the next few years test ban was a generally minor feature in inconclusive disarmament overtures be tween the United States and Russia. Often it was not proposal by itself but part of visionary schemes for control of atomic weapons as such. Began Chain of Events It was a series of U. S., Rus sian and British tests in 1957 and resulting anti - nuclear clamor that began the train of events leading to the cur rent Moscow talks. It began through the back door of a "moratorium." On March 31, 1958, a few days after Nikita S. Khrushchev became Premier, Russia an nounced it would conduct no further nuclear tests if others would follow suit. The offer posed an immense problem for the United BeNi SEAFOOD & POULTRY 1 nounced it would conduct no isJv. MJC Y1 A$5ll - I ITII U II 4jW . I further nuclear tests if others ffi vf1JiffiV -y0M ' t. TV1 1 IM I WOTteoeWPo'ani WW ' e,t Phone 773-8497 I I x a, UtU M. "jlkf I- Uji' w '" ' I (M-t ;k$ fcfsi not mn& . .. tim. W jiiLi J0 r- Jr-SX' Nsl4sh. s,4H Vfi t'4 f'1fl J ? . w . J m m ss v m u ( u ft H fcs CSST r-i r-n -n i v U. " I rrrTT' e i i i i i 4 ? 1 r 1 i v ?v 1 Rut fpz r7 m vx -Ka pt z k5-v jszr ? nn ' yjr 6'" I a;iniii ini""-tf. J'.'KTT "'sissssio " sW ht nf $ itii m WZ 'ci iFfer W vii, .? S m - J i u. W ?T. : a? a ?-r - m id irTTh.-f 1 I ll" II v':- 'f: ' '- ll" J 1 -'frL J-t-t- '- -- - - MEDFORD States. If it refrained from tests and took Russia's word on the Soviet moratorium, how would it ever know Rus sia was keeping the bargain? Nuclear detection was still an infant science. Respond In Letter On Apriil 8, 1958, President Eisenhower responded in a letter to Khrushchev, propos ing joint scientific study of methods of international in spection against secret tests. That July technicians from Russia, the United States, Britain, France, Canada. Po land, Czechoslovakia and Ro mania opened a "conference of experts" in Geneva. The conference reported that nu clear test inspection was technically possible, with a network of 180 monitoring stations spread around the world. Test ban talks were sched uled to open on the political level in Geneva on Oct. 31, 1958. Two months before this Eisenhower agreed to a one year moratorium on U. S. tests to begin on that date. There followed a furious round of both U. S. and Soviet testing to get in under the deadline. The 1958 Geneva talks quickly found the basic stick ing point that was to lie nt the bottom of the test ban deadlock for five long years. The U. S. insisted on on-site inspection against cheating TheyTl Do It Every On A SPEEDIW& TRAIN EVERY TOWN, CITY AND SUBURB MAS ALL klNDS OP SIGNS TO TELL VOU JUST WHAT BAILIWICK VOU'RE PASSIN6 THROUGH"" jjjr- " --stt- oysters r " 73C I IR.it let the sleeper Ts.iikl Q piSH Frcsn Ranch Eggs riwirn net ftc I UWffiffl & Pou',r,-Daily! ---4 $100 ssB i 4 IS- . j'nr,WJ i, ss I TQKir I ssTaaM wm m AWgm - H MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, in Nuclear Test Talks Russia said any international inspection on Soviet soil would permit espionage. Intricate Maneuvering All the intricate maneuver ing in test ban negotiations since then, covering thou sands of pages of transcript, has been a matter of endless variations on this main theme. Since tests in various envir- onments-the atmosphere, un derground, under water and in space - can be detected with varying degrees of ac curacy, proposals were made several times for a limited ban on those which could be detected without inspection on Soviet soil. The United States proposed such partial test bans in April, 1959, and February, 1960. Russia proposed one in March, 1960. One ban throughout the Geneva talks was the fact that while the politicians were talking about inspec tion, the technology of in spection was still stumbling along trying to keep up. In 1959 U.S. scientists at Geneva suddenly said some of their earlier figures had been in error and that inspec tion required more machinery than they had told the Rus sians. The Russians charged bad faith, one of many such charges during the talks. Overhears Broadcast So matters went until Aug. 30, 1961, when an alert U.S. Tune ""'""" Flounder lb. 59c whoe . TrImma(Jt m m -- TSTrrnTf Rock cod ib. 49c Fi.h Sv lnTh fiy 7&f 1&jmi3jj. slepT C tJtf HALIBUT fl TZP' 2jT3 Fresh Cut CQfi 10 ' i. tyP LlAnl r.'L M inTl" DRATBURG CM SmSSZ?. Slices - W" Ik. Fill.. lBlb. y.iAOAXJVV ,n J TFT na ri IPqat CSfSX EPFC.M PACIFIC Extra 4A OREGON Radio Monitor overheard a small piece of a Soviet broad cast from Moscow to Eastern Russia. A Soviet commentator was expounding the reasons for "a decision" he said Russia had reached on nuclear testing. A few hours later Russia an nounced she was resuming tests. On Sept. 1 they began. It was clear Russia had been preparing for them for many months while sitting at the negotiating table at Geneva. It has been debated among U.S. experts ever since how much Russia gained militarily from this gambit. An angry President Ken nedy ordered resumption of U.S. underground tests in September, and of atmos pheric tests in March, 1962. Meanwhile, on Nov. 28, 1961, the Soviets suddenly dealt the Geneva talks a sec ond major blow. In the past Russia had accepted the "principle" of International in spection but bargained over the terms. Now it suddenly denounced even Uie principle and refused to discuss it. Enter Deepest Slump Test ban talks entered their deepest slump. They remain ed that way until Dec. 19. 1962, when Premier Khrush chev, just as suddenly as he had withdrawn it, renewed Russia's willingness to discuss inspection in a letter to Pres ident Kennedy. He offered By Jimmy Hatlo I Sea Bass ...lb. 59c SILVER SALMON I two or three inspections on boviet soil a year. Khrushchev claimed that former U.S. disarmament ne gotiator Arthur Dean had in dicated two to four would be an acceptable number. Ken nedy replied that Dean had said no such thing. The Unit ed States demanded at least seven annual Inspections. Khrushchev again charged the U.S. with bad faith. It will probably never be known for sure whether Dean did give Khrushchev cause for this feeling. Some U.S. officials say Dean may have mentioned "two to four" in formally. In the course of an illustration, but had not meant it as a proposal. Matters slumped again un til last month when a new exchange of Kcnnedy-Khrush-cliev messages led to agree ment to hold the current Mos cow talks. Then, on July 2, In a con fusing speech in East Berlin, Khrushchev appeared to ac- I Halibut Cheeks fRP OCEAN FRESH Sword fish Steaks JMWIJJ ffiJg Sea Sea,,ops Red Snapper ... lb. 39c LING COD M EC Sea Perch 43c i2 or whoe b. jtjJJ Sole (Petrale) ..lb. 79c THURSDAY, JULY More Favorable cept an August, 1962, U.S British proposal for a partial test ban-covering tests in the atmosphere, space and under water, leaving underground tests to be negotiated later. Since the West now insists on on-site inspection only for underground tests, this would defer the whole inspection is sue. But Khrushchev appear ed to link his proposal to sign ing an East-West non-aggression pact, of which western countries have always been leery. U.S. officials say that in the last analysis the success of the Moscow talks will depend on whether Khrushchev real ly wants a test ban, whether he feels he can live with his generals if he signs one, and whether he feels he can get away with such a deal with the West in the midst of his ideological fight with Red China. Western officials feel that Khrushchev ought to want one. They feel he has as much 18, 1983 to fear from uncontrolled pro liferation of nuclear weapons as the West does. more meat ft flavors HI