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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (July 7, 1963)
11 : 6 A SUNDAY. JULY ?, 1963 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON South Africa's Race Problem Said Ingrained in Its History By NEIL SMITH United Press International , Johannesburg -IlIPII- At the rugged southernmost tip of Africa where the continent juts out into the temperate zone lies South Africa. This is a land of gold and diamonds, of year-round aun shine, of stern Calvinist tra ditions. luxury living - and one of the world's worst ra cial problems. The race problem is deeply ingrained in the country's his tory. When the fjrst white settlers arrived from Holland in 1652 they found the sub continent inhabited by primi tive yellowish-skinned bush' men and Hottentot tribes. The Bantu races who today form the bulk of the non white population were slow- ly migrating down the eastern side of we country, separated from the newly arrived Euro peans by a no-man's-land at least 750 miles wide The primitive tribes died out, exterminated by attacks from both whites and Bantu, and ravaged by smallpox. In the 18th Century white and black began a century-long battle for possession of the rich grazing and farming lands. The white man won and the framework for to day's tensions was completed. Britain became the para mount power in South Africa at the time of the Napolcnic wars. A century later she con qucred the independent Boer republics founded by descend ants of the early Dutch set tlers who trekked vast dis tances to escape from British racial legislation. The Union of South Africa was formed in 1910. and for SO years its relationship with Britain was slmilnr to that of Australia, Canada and New Zealand. In 1961 South Africa be- came an independent republic outside the Commonwealth and now it faces the future as the lone white Wcstern-orl ented state in a huge, black, neutralist continent. Proportion Dropping But if the state is "white' Its population is overwhelm ingly non-white. The 3.2-mll- lion white South Africans hold sway over 11-million Af ricans, 1.3 -million coloreds (mulattos) and 500,000 Asi atics who have little or no say in running the country. Despite continuing white immigration the proportion of whites is dropping steadily and demographers estimate that by the end of the century the present proportion of 20 per cent will have dropped to 15 per cent due to the high non-white birth rate and im proved medical facilities pro vided paradoxically enough by white taxpayers. This land sprawls over 472 000 square miles. With Its arid dependency of South West Africa, to all intents and purposes a fifth province of th republic. It covers an area almost as great as the United States cast of the Mississippi. The ruling whites include about 2 million Afrikaners, strongly Calvinist descend ants of the early Dutch set tlers. They are possibly the only white race in the world almost totally uninfluenced by the great liberal resur gence that began with the American and French revolu tions. There are also more than one million English speaking South Africans and smaller numbers of almost every nationality in Europe. Racial Variety The Africans, coloreds and Asiatics embrace as much ra cial variety as the white group: Stone Age bushmen remnants, Zulu college pro fessors, Moselm descendants of Malay slaves, proud Sikhs, and weird permutations of i his coming... NATURAL GAS will you be ready for it? 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II.'IJM-I ill A f r ikancr-Hottentot-Englislv Bantu miscegnation. It is against this backdrop that the South African racial drama is being played out. The South African govern ment, in the hands of the largely Afrikaner National party since 1948, is pushing ahead rapidly with its apar theid or "separate develop ment" policy. In the simplest terms it amounts to a massive ana costly attempt to un scramble the South African racial omelette through rigid segregation, not only between white and black, but between the different tribal units among the Bantu. Checkerboard Commonwealth It envisages an eventual checkerboard commonwealth of black and white nations within the borders of South Africa. The black nations, or "Bantustans", based on the wretchedly poor but potenti ally wealth'.' African reserves will have their own indus tries, universities, highways, banking houses and parlia ments. In these nations the white man will have no politi cal rights, just as in the white areas the African must accept the status of a temporary la borer without property oi franchise rights. Rulers of the "Bantustans will be the tribal chieftains, whose position and prestige have been greatly enhanced by the white government that pays their salaries. Black nationalists say a black state ruled by these privileged chiefs and their "yes man" councillors can only have a mockery of inde pendence. The chiefs, they say, must inevitably oppose the Introduction of modern democratic concepts, or face the fate of Nobel Peace Prize winner ex-Chief Albert Lu thuli, who lost his position and freedom for fighting apar theid. Form Greatest Proportion The black nationalists, who form by far the greatqr pro portion of politically consci ous Africans, want to see the same process take place in South Africa as has already occurred in Tanganyika, Ni geria and Ghana. They de mand the right to vote and sweep the white man's privi leges away. , - The wealth of South Africa, built up on the basis ot white enterprise and cheap black labor, Is one of the wonders of the continent. Unlike other African states with a one- product economy. South Af rica is a complex, modern) industrial state. Its gold mines alone produce $7S0-million worth of the precious metal year. Streams of uranium, diamonds, platinum, coal, cop per and manganense add to the mineral output. What is 1 e 8 s generally known is that today manufac turing is far more important to the South African national economy than either mining or agriculture. In I960 the factories of South Africa turn ed out manufactured goods ranging from automobiles to zip fasteners with a total value of more than $4 billion. Have More Money Attempts to Impose inter national trade boycotts against South Africa have failed, and today South Africans of all races have more money in their pockets, and more con sumer goods in their homes than ever before. The country is one of the great trading nations of the world. Its external trade is greater than any Western Hemisphere nation, except the United States and Canada. Its import-export turnover ex ceeds that of such highly de veloped nations as Denmark, Norway, Finland, Austria and Switzerland. The cities of the republic are as modern and impressive as any ot comparable size in the United States. Johannes burg, the richest and biggest of them all, has become a sky scraper metropolis of almost 1 .23 million population in less than 80 years. lh ffwi 772-5211, Medford 482-2116, Ashland Barn Destroyed by Fire on Saturday The Eagle Point fire dr. partment and the Shady Cove rural fire department were called to a (arm on the Ar kansas Flat rd. Just off the Crater Lake highway to ex tinguish a fire about 2 a.m. Saturday. A large hay barn was burn ed by flames of undetermined origin. The other buildings on the property were saved, the t w o departments reported. Ownership of the barn was not known to the fire fight ers. The farm is located about ?cvcn miles north of Eagle Point. PL A. NT PURCHASED Cnivallis-ilTt - The Pean Plywocd plant west u here has been putcnasecl by Lead ing PlywooJ Co. . - y - VP'S cnTititiC. X-fji', saw-! I j f La 2 m "u HOUSING CONTRAST Small tin -roofed housing project homes for black South Afri cans (top picture) at Chestcrburg, a suburb of Druban, contrast sharply with the mod ern, multi-storied dwellings for white South Africans (bottom) in Johannesburg. (Ul'I) Diamond Sun Glass Lenses are so sturdy guaranteed against breakage! Right! Because of an intense heat treatment, these lenses have many times the strength of ordinary sun glasses. If lens should break, we will make replacement without charge. Yet . . . they're made of finest optical glass in a horizon grey shade that's scientifically superior to other lenses. Frames are finished to delicate feminine requirements or handsome and massive for men. Convenient Credit We give Green Stamps COLUMBIAN OPTICAL CO. MEDFORD SHOPPING CENTER Phone 772-9990 casual shopping with convenient parking Dn. Omar 1. Nolei and William T. Hodson WOMEN (17 to 50) The NEED Is URGENT For LICENSED PRACTICAL NURSES Earn while you learn, enroll now for the licensed practical nurse course conducted by the Southern Oregon School of Practical Nursing, Medford pub lic schools. Due to limited enrollment, applications are being processed now. Training is held at Rogue Valley Memorial Hospital and the course is accred ited by the Oregon State Board of Nursing rr.d ap proved by the State Department of Education. For information or enrollment contact the Adult Edu cation Office at Medford High school, 8 A.M. to 1 2 noon 773-7220. r y tops IN TASTE! ENROLL NOW Ms ICE CME AM Thare's nothing more downright luscious and palate-pleasing than Jorgensen's FIESTA ICE CREAM . . . and with the exclusive nutrient -NUTRIMIX-added, it's better than ever to taite - better for YOU! Right NOW is the sea son when this extra-good ice cream tastes better than ever, so keep YOUR refrigerator well filled with convenient size, colorful car tons of FIESTA. For quick snacks, for easy-io-prepare and serve desserts, you simply can't beat this wonderful tasting Jorgensen's FIESTA ICE CREAM . . . available In your favorite flavors at your favorite grocery or fountain. Smooth-Luscious-Flavorful For Fine Dairy Products Ash for "Joroenseiis" TJ 3 V
