Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (June 5, 1963)
North of Birmingham III (Chicago Senses Mounting Tide of Impatience as Racial Tension Grows Editor'! Nolt: Tht follow. ing it the third in serin of fir dispatches by Unittd ' Press International on ra cial problem! in key north ern cities. By DAVID SMOTHERS ;' Chicago - HUD - Racial ten lions are nothing new to the nation's second largest city, but this spring civil rights leaders sense a mounting tide of impatience in the air which could lead to serious trouble in the weeks ahead. If racial conflicts do ex plode here, they are likely to do so during the summer, which Chicago Urban League Director Edwin C. Berry calls i."the riot season." I- "Chicagoans are sitting on a tinder box and they very nar rowly missed an explosion in the last few weeks," Berry said in a warning to the Ur ban League's board of direc tors. Mood Is Critical "The mood is more critical than at any time I've ever seen it. This mood will be very serious this summer as long as we don't do anything about it. 'We need to take immediate action in a crash type of pro gram related to equality of opportunity in jobs, housing and education. "We currently live in an unjust society, racially speak ing, and the ingredients of this racial unrest are always SECTION B PAGES 1 to 12 iMEDFORDtJTRIBUNE MEDFORD, OREGON, WEDNESDAY. JUNE 5, 1963 present. When anything hap pens - like the Birmingham situation or like the gathering of the mob on the Southwest Side when there was supposed to be a Negro moving in - any little thing like that can touch it off." Problem Grows Worse Berry and other experts in the field agree Chicago's race problem is longstanding and is growing. The ground roots of the problem can be told in statistics: -Of the 3.S million inhab itants of metropolitan Chicago listed in the 1960 census, 813, 000 were Negro. -The 1950 census listed 3.6 million persons in Chicago, 492,000 of them Negro. This meant Chicago's Negro popu lation had risen 65 per cent in 10 years while the overall population had dropped. -Of the city's 813,000 Ne groes, 520.000 live in the South Side area nine miles long and three miles wide, known as "The Black Belt." Oregon's Civil Defense Stand To Raise Questions ( By A. ROBERT SMITH f Mail Tribune -j Washington Correspondent f Washington - (Special) -Does a civil defense program of fallout shelters make any irwjp sense in the T: nuclear age: 1 Would enough A m e r i c a ns survive an atomic attack FAlr 37 j to jusiuy sucn iVfcHiiLj i a prosram' r I V" would nuclear I ,t war signal the I (ft 1 end of life in nTBTbi. sm.u. the United States and many other coun tries? ' These questions are being raised with renewed intensity in Washington in the wake of decisions in Oregon by the state legislature and the Port land City Council to curtail local participation in civil de fense. Since Portland is the only on? of 5.000 participat ing cities to turn its back on the government's fallout shel ter program just as the Ken nedy Administration began to try to persuade Congress to stop up the civil defense pro gram, there is an expectation here that Congress will seek answers to such basic ques tions as these. Hearings which opened last week in the House Armed Services Committee already have indicated that authori ties on military affairs dis agree on the vital issue of the survival chances of the bulk of the population. But there apparently is agreement that the Pacific Northwest, with the exception of certain areas, has less to fear from atomic radiation than any other sec tion of the country. A map offered by the De fense Department partraying various levels of radioactiv ity resulting from an assumed attack one spring day shows 75 per cent of the country's land surface would be cover ed with radioactive fallout under average wind condi tions. Some areas would re quire survivors to stay in shelters from, one to two weeks while other areas with less radioactivity would re quire shelter for a few days to a week. Oregon Free This map shows all of Ore gon, much of northern Cali fornia and the area of the Cascades in Washington state to be free of radiation danger with no shelter required, as suming the attack and wind conditions used by the Pente gon. West of the Cascades the SHIP AND TRAVEL... automated rail way UNION PACIFIC Tor inlormetion, ce Phone 773-5388 map shows that the Seattle Tacoma area has been hit and there is heavy radioactivity from the Puget Sound area north to the Canadian border. In eastern Washington the Hanford atomic plant and Air Force bases have been hit, resulting in a wide belt of radioactivity carried on the winds that sweep east and slightly to the north, covering the Idaho panhandle and of Montana, where there are ICBM missile bases that are presumed targets of enemy missiles or bombs. Assistant Secretary of De fense Steuart L. Pittman ar gues that even residents of the less hazardous areas should have fallout protec tion because changing wind conditions could blow radio active materials to all parts of the nation. But as to the more basic question - is anyone justified in expecting to survive? - Pittman says the answer is Yes," if America has a sound shelter system. Others doubt the validity of his optimism. Here are some of the main arguments pro and con as set forth by Philip W. Kelleher, counsel for the Armed Serv ices Committee, and Pittman in testimony before that committee: 1. Firestorms Kelleher quoted Dr. Alexander Langs dorf, a physicist at the Ar- gonne Laboratories, as saying an enemy would explode bombs in the air if we had shelters so as to create mas sive firestorms . consuming whole cities. "Concrete fall out shelters would turn into ovens, cooking the people in side. If they don't burn, they would probably suffocate, be cause all the oxygen would be consumed." He said James R. Newman, chief of U. S. intel ligence at London in World War II, reported that fire storms caused by bombing Hamburg lasted seven days and killed 70.000 in shelters by suffocation and carbon monoxide. Fog Type Defenses Pittman replied that Hora tio Bond, a fire expert, esti mates that only six U. S. cities have a potential for the phe nomenon of a fire storm; that "there are prospects for fog type defenses against fire from high altitude nuclear bursts; that the Hamburg at tack killed 3 per cent of those endangered by the fire at tacks. "Even a small nuclear wea pon over the same city would create many times as many fatalities from blast or from initial radiation," he added. "Likewise, fallout radiation from an up-wind nuclear burst would have killed a far larger proportion of the Ham burg population. The sugges tion that suffocation in shel ters is a major fire problem has little support from fire experts, but poisoning from carbon monoxide is a recog nized major fire hazard under these conditions." He said the Soviets have "played heavily on the fire theme without much regard to technical facts" because this is a weapon of "terror and propaganda." Pittman said Khrushchev's boast that one 20-mcgaton bomb would create a sea of fire consum ing New York to Philadelphia is "stark nonesense." 2. Biological attacks - Kel leher said chemical or biolog ical weapons accompanying a nuclear attack could poison the Inhabitants of shelters. Pittman said filtration sys tems for shelters are not con templated at present due to rost and the presumption by the Joint Chiefs of Staff that this form of weapon has not yet been developed to the point of constituting a threat against the U. S. 3. Long - term survival Kelleher quoted Dr. John N. Wolfe, chief of the Atomic Energy Commission's envir onmental sciences branch, as saying: "rauout shelters in many areas seem only means of delaying death and represent only a part of a survival plan. With an envir onment so completely modi fied, the question is, where does man go after his sojourn in shelters? What does he do upon emergence?" Minor Problem Pittman claimed all object ive studies conclude "that there will be a significant measure of survival and that recuperation would take place .... The results indi cate that food and water con tamination would be a rela tively minor problem, the long - term biological effects from radiation would not be the major health problem and . . . among the most criti cal problems would probably be shortage of medical sup plies and manpower and, in very high levels of attack longer - term impairment to agricultural production cap acity from ecological effects." In an attack such as is por trayed on the Defense Depart ment map, Pittman said it is presumed that 80 million cit izens would be killed even with shelters but that 130 million citizens would die without shelters. S h e 1 tcrs would save 50 million lives, he said studies show. Of the rest, the overwhelming majority also live in all-Negro pockets. This is the situation that has led some to describe Chicago as the nation's most segregated city. Almost half of Chicago's Negroes came here from some where else. -Seventy-five per cent of the persons on county relief rolls are Negro. . - Spell Trouble These figures add up to trouble in the vital areas of housing, education and jobs. The housing issue is touch iest. Chicago Negroes and whites may often work side by side, but they rarely live side by side except in the tense neigh borhoods where the "Black Belt" is growing. And it is growing constantly as a steady tide of job-seeking Negroes from the South pours into the slums at the core of the Black Belt." In case after case, Negroes with the money to afford good housing must move into white neighborhoods to find it. Over and over again, the whites leave and the neighborhood becomes all Negro. Bitter ness remains behind. If the trend continues and Negroes cannot break out into the sub urbs surrounding the city. sociologists warn that Chica go could become a predom inantly Negro city by 1975. Efforts Mount Although Chicago's race problem is mounting, so are the city's efforts to meet it. Within the last decade, acres of "Black Belt" slums have been leveled. High rise apart ment buildings and public housing developments have taken their place. Whites and Negroes hav? learned to live together in some of the South Side's best residential neigh borhoods. There are more Negro policemen, and the de partment's ability to deal with racial troubles has increased markedly. Goose Lake Pact Measure Ratified Sacramento The Cali fornia Assembly has unani mously passed a bill to ratify the Oregon-California Goose Lake interstate compact. The measure, Introduced by Assemblywoman Pauline Da vis (D-Portola) was sent to the senate. The Oregon Legislature ap proved a bill ratifying the compact in its recently com pleted session. If approved by both houses of the California Legislature, it must be passed by Congress. The compact provides for joint development of the Goose Lake area on the Oregon-California border by the two states. A major provision of the compact prohibits the expor tation of water from the lake basin without consent of both state legislatures.' '- fimr Mff NUMEROUS ACTS Ponies and horses will be among the many acts scheduled for the four performances of the Shrine Club-Rudy Brothers Circus which will appear in j Mcdford Friday and Saturday, June 7 and 8. Matinee and : evening performances will be held each day. Aerialists and I wild animals as well as clowns will be on hand. Among the acts being given for the first time this season is Kurt Jensen and his performing chimpanzees. j Folding Chairs For RENT at A to Z Rental 121 J N. RraenMe 77V-U74 SPEARS researchers have developed corrective methods for the treat ment of cerebral palsy, rrental deficiency, epilepsy and kindred afflictions of children. World Famous Spears Hospital Maiimum benefits art usually possible when the patient undergoes t'eatn-ent seen after the tirst symptoms appear. If YOU are interested, write SPEARS for free literature on this Subject, and see your local chiropractor. SPEARS CHIROPRACTIC HOSPITAL Cast iOtfi l Jersey Sts. DE 3-lifll Denver 20. Colo. Dept. f-2 mmm vmwm mi mn STARTS TOMORROW S JUNE 6TH THRU JUNE 17TH BEST BUY TIME OF THE YEARI We're going all-out to beat last year's recordl But hurry to get these terrific values! THEY WONT LAST LONGI Beautiful REFRIGERATOR BARGAIN! Check these Features . . . e Most beautiful Frigidaire styling ever, plus trim, compact design all at a budget price. e Full-width freezer chest keeps 63-lbs. of frozen food month after month. Sliding Chill Drawer keeps fresh meat fresh for days. e Full-width Hydrator holds up to bushel of fresh fruit and vegetables. e Easy door-shelf storage of all containers slim, fat, short and tall even half gallons of milk. e Frigidaire dependability, too. FRIGIDAIRE WEEK ONLY Model DA-12-B3 11.6 CU. It. FRIGIDAIRE ...THE FAMILY REFRIGERATOR With Operating Trade Less Than 10 Years Old MEASURING GLASS IN FRIGIDAIRE COLORS FRIGIDAIRE Ice Cube Service CD EC WITH EACH rKCC REFRIGERATOR IP FRIGIDAIRE QUICKUBE ICE OQc TRAYS 70 . COME IN! Take advantage of this BEST BUY. NEW! 2-Speed 2-Cycle FRIGIDAIRE WASHER for All Fabric Washing! FRIGIDAIRE Flowing Heat Dryer Pampers Finest Fabrics STURDY! This U tht wnfcar marie extra-dependable by the 15-Year Lifetime Test, Ask us about Itl 3-Ring Agitator action gilt clothes cleaner, Inside and out! Plus fresh running; witer rfnin, eutometie lint dis pose!, and mere! Modal WCDAS-1 FRIGIDAIRE WEEK $ 189 WITH TRADE 00 'Cm Modal OOA-flJ, ilMtrfe FRIGIDAIRE FLOWING HCAT ORYew Exclusive FtoMngHeat.,7 dries breeze-lreehl Set one dial to dry any '' fabric beautifully! No-stoop lint screen on door. faslst as fritUttn DipiniMltj! ONLY S1?O00 u 1 AUTOMATIC OVEN and its SO- tliclne MoOll II IVIl In four eoltrs or whittl BUDGET LOVIN'! Cook-Master automatic control minds the cooking for you. Holiday host? Oven holds big turkey. ' Storage galore in lull-width storage drawer, Frigidaire dependability! in raur csi.n ar wnim h aiBS Bk 4 raiQIDAIRE $1 9 NOW ONLY With Operating Trade i to 7 Years Old. FRIGIDAIRE MOBILE DISHWASHER Model DW-STI e Familv.tiie capacity (? place set tings) Fully automatic No installation Rolls to sink, stores anywhere NEMA standard ONLY i. $14900 NEW! BUDGET-PRICED FLAIR by FRIGIDAIRE ,ilSHf e Glamorous! Looks built-in but isn't. Installs in minutes. e Filigree glass oven door glides up out of way. e Cooking units roll back out of way. 00 ROF-630 30" electric $289 With Operating Trade S to 7 Years Old. Bate Cabinet Available. Don't Miss It! Get Your FRIGIDAIRE BEST BUY NOW! DURING NATIONAL FRIGIDAIRE WEEK! 52-Gal. Glass Lined jae. WATER o HEATER Only 11.5 Co. Ff. FRIGIDAIRE $ FREEZER Only NO MONEY DOWN ON APPROVED CREDIT . . . WE CARRY OUR OWN CONTRACTS! LEONARD "Medford's leading Appliance Dealer for the Past 32 Years" 309 EAST MAIN STREET PHONE 773-4541 f
