Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989, April 29, 1963, Image 11

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Medford mail tribune., April 29, 1963, Image 11

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Newspaper Page TextMEDFORD&aTRIBUNE SECTION B MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY. APRIL 29, 1963 PAGES 1 to 8 - "THIS WASTESLj 1 3"" MB TTTTT TlfPBI V J.U VVAfl. THE PERFECT BATTLE Chancellorsville, known as "the perfect battle," was fought May 1-4, 1863, in the tangled second growth of the wilderness. In the four days of fight ing, Gen. Robert E. Lee. with 60,000 men, defeated Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker and his army of 134,000. Lee's tactics were so well conceived and executed that they are still studied today. At first Lee was flanked and his army put in the jaws of a giant pincer. Lee and Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jack son took the initiative-Lee in front with a thin grey line of only 1.700 men. and Jack son in a flanking movement. It was at Chancellorsville. while organizing his men for a night attack, that Jackson was hit by fire from his own lines. His injuries ap peared not to be serious but in less than two weeks he would be dead. Lee fought and won a perfect battle near Chancellorsville, a plantation house near the crossing of three roads. But the loss of Jackson would make the victory a hollow one. The Army of Northern Virginia would never fight as well again. Here, from the Library of Congress collection, is a drawing of the battle. (UP1) South Wins 'Perfect Battle' By MERTON T. AKERS us bailie on our own grounHs. UPI Correspondent where certain destruction The "perfect battle-Chan- awaits him . . ." cellorsville - was fought May j But Lee had not been heard 1-2-3-4, 1863, in the tangled j 'rem. lecond growth of oaks and! He. 'earned of Hookers pines in northern Virginia flanking movement on the known as the Wilderness. nlSnt f April 29. He sent one In four days of fighting i division under Maj. Gen. Rich Gen Robert E. Lee with ard H. Anderson to meet it. 60.000 underfed Confederate Anderson dug in east of Chan troops defeated the 134.000-1 cellorsville across the roads man Union Army of the Po- running east towards Fred tomac under Maj. Gen. Jo- mcksburg Chancellors 1 le seph Hooker in a series of tac- I was a plantation house where tics so well conceived and ; thrce roads crossed executed that they still are ; By the time Anderson was studied by military men 100 , dug In he found he faced years later ,nree Umon corps and parl of Tactically it was Lee s fin- a f"rth. Anderson's orders est hour - Hooker's worst. were lo Ilnt 50 ne stayed- The fighting - really throe Attack Held Off battles - occurred in an area Hooker arrived at Chan about 15 miles wide and 7 j cellorsville on April 30 but miles deep. Nearly 200.000 held off his attack that day. men maneuvered and fought j Here he lost valuable hours almost elbow to elbow in the j which he never would re constricted region from Fred-; trieve. ericksburg, Va., on the cast, j The military rule books call to the Wilderness Tavern, j for a general in Lee's posi decp in the woods on the tion, outflanked and out nunv west. The Rappahannock and bered, to retreat to a new Rapidan Rivers bounded the defense position. But Lee sel fighting area on the north. ' dom went by the books. A road running from Todd's Leaving only a reinforced Tavern in the Wilderness in : division to hold Sedgwick's an easterly direction marked the southern perimeter. First Campaign This was Hooker's first cam forces at Fredericksburg, he sent the rest pf his army west toward Anderson's position. Lt. Gen. Thomas J. (Stone- paign as commanaer ot ine , u-ixov.. iCu n.coc Army of the Potomac. He had On arriving at Anderson's dug succeeded Maj. Gen. Ambrose j m position, Jackson stopped E. Burnside in January at a lne entrenching and put the time when the army had hit I troops on the offensive, its lowest morale point he- Suddenly Hooker found cause of the disastrous battle himself on the defensive of Fredericksburg By the end of April Hooker had restored the morale and beefed up the army with new units until it was in top fight ing trim. Hooker's battle plans have been pronounced excellent by military men against half as many men. He hesitated and ordered his troops back lo straighten his lines. His generals protested but the orders stood. Hooker's confidence seemed shaken. Advanced Slowly Jackson's troops advanced slowly and that night both Lee's army was dispersed sidcs entrenched in the woods south of Fredericksburg. Pro- Lee ana jacKson nad acneiv visjons and forage were so ed the initiative. But if they scarce that two divisions tin- j wcre to win they must keep der Lt. Gen. James Long- j Hooker's big army off bal street had been sent to south-; anfc-. ': ... ... ern Virginia to gather sup-1 So ln the ''t hours of May plies. This dispersal left Lee 1 v" dying campfire Lee with a scant 60,000 men to i and Jackson made the daring hold the approaches to Rich-1 decision to divide the Con mond, Va., the capital. , federate army in the face of Hooker planned to attack I superior numbers and do some Lee's army on each flank. On ,la.nkl'n8 themselves. April 27. 1863 at 5:30 a.m. ! Confederate cavalry ranging Hooker, leading three corps me reu- heavy. The XI corps was rout ed and fell back upon the main body. Jackson was not satisfied with his initial success. He rode out in front of his men after dark to organize a night attack and finish the job. As he rode between the lines his own troops fired on him and he was wounded in the right hand and left arm not seriously, it appeared at first. Shortly, Maj. Gen. A. P. Hill, the next ranking officer, also was wounded. Gen. J. E B. Stuart took over the com mand and attacked the next morning. Hooker standing on the porch at Chancellorsville was knocked unconscious by shell. He rallied but appeared to be in a daze all day. About noon on the day Jackson attacked the right wing, Sedgwick broke through the thin Confederate line at Fredericksburg weak ened further by withdrawels because of misunderstood orders, and marched toward the main body at Chancellors ville. Strong Position Lee turned the withdrawing troops around and, with a total now of 20,000 men, at tacked Sedgwick on three sides, driving him back across the Rappahannock on May 4. Hooker meanwhile had pull ed his army, much of which had not seen action, into strong defense position. When Lee turned back to Hooker, he also retreated across the Rappahannock. Lee's "perfect battle" was just that but it was a Pyrhhic victory. For Stonewall Jackson would die in eight days -from pneumonia-and without Stonewall the Army of North ern Virginia never would fight as well again. Hooker lost 17.278 in killed, wounded and missing; Lee 12,821. Alabama Negroes Turn to Bus Lines Birmingham, Ala. - UM - Negro leaders planned to broaden the scope of their month-old campaign against racial barriers in this South ern industrial center today and indicated the next target would be the city bus system. A spokesman for the Ne gro leadership here said a delegation would meet with officials of the Birmingham Transit company today to de mand that the company hire Negroes as drivers. The spokesman indicated the threat of a boycott hung over the financially shaky company. which resumed service Saturday after a strike by employees, if the demands are not met. Small groups of Negroes attempted Sunday to attend morning worship services at Birmingham's white churches for the third week in a row, but the effort met with lim ited success. Activity Increases In House, Senate Washington - IUPD - Con gressional activity increases this week as the House acts on a series of bills and the Senate faces a major test on Republican efforts to cut spending. The House is scheduled to act on bills giving employ ers a minor tax break, keep public health, education and federal labor activities roll ing and to pump an addition al $2 billion into lending au thority of the Export-Import bank. The Senate will take up the House approved proposal to pump another $450 mil lion into anti-recession pub lic works projects. The pro posal is part of a $1.4 bil lion supplemental money bill and it is here that the Sen ate will face its big test on spending cuts. Senate Republicans have a series of amendments aimed at cutting the funds and Sen. Leverett Saltonstall (R-Mass.) will seek to reduce it to $250 million. Shift To a Shift himself, set off on a lung round-about march to the west to attack Lee's left flank Two more corps under Maj eral army discovered that it was "in tht air" and unguard ed Lee kept 17.000 men in Gen. John Sedgwick moved front of Hooker s forces and into position at Fredericks- scnl Jackson with 26,000 burg to make a diversion 'rops on a swinging flanking against Lee's right flank. Two march to strike the unprotect other corps were held in re- ed right wing serve to be used on either All day on May 2 Jackson s jjan fool cavalry marched west By April 29 Hooker's right and north All I day Lee wait wing was across the Rappa-, h in grey line. hanSock and Rapidan Riven, " Hoqker attacked Lee before well beyond Lee's left flank Jackson could strike Uw right Kn m nrina east io-'wlnC- Le? 17.000 could not ward Fredericksburg. Sedg- sloP him wick at the same time began to cross the Rappahannock be low Fredericksburg. Caught in Pincer The Armv of Northern Vir ginia appeared to be caught ing column out iney coum not between the two arms of a convince Howard that the giant pincer. movement was dangerous. Hooker was elated by the Hooker warned Howard to results so far and went out watch his right, too. on a limb Hooker didn't attack Lee On April 30 in General Or- but Jackson fell on Howard's der No. 47 he said, ". . . op- corps at 5:15 p.m erations of the last three days In the two remaining hours have determined that our of daylight the Confederates enemy must either inglorious- rolled back the Union right, ly fly. or come out from be- The fighting was tierce, the hind his defenses and give confusion great and the losses Eisenhowers Head For Gettysburg San Bernardino. Calif. -IUPD - Former President Dwight D. Eisenhower was en route to his Gettysburg. Pa., farm today after a nearly lour month winter vacation on the southern California desert. Eisenhower ended his slay with informal comments at trainside that touched on French President Charles de Gaulle, the 1964 presidential race, and the difference be tween writing war and per sonal memoirs. More than 500 persons were at the station as General and Mrs. Eisenhower boarded a private car. Packable. wrinkle-p roof, smart! Knit slimming shift with or without sleeves. A smart shift, easy to knit in pattern stitch that looks like fabric, won't sag. Use German-town nylon. Pattern 7032: sizes 32-34; 36-38 incl. THIRTY-FIVE CENTS fcoins) for this pattern add 15 cents for each pattern for first-class mailing and special handling. Send to Alice Brooks, Medford Mail Trib une, Ncedlccraft Dept., P. O. Box 163, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11. N.Y. Print! plainly NAME. ADDRESS, PATTERN NUMBER. 1963 s Biggest Needlecraft Show stars smocked accessor ies it's our new Needlecraft I Catalog! 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