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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 20, 1962)
MONDAY. AUGUST 20. 1962 MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. OREGON M if1; )? lill .BCiro WAR Lee Proposes Daring Maneuver By MERTON T. AKERS UPI Correspondent The early part of Sunday, Aug. 24, 1862 was a bad time tor Stonewall Jackson. He was having trouble With discipline in his ranks. A few days before he had or dered three deserters shot and had ordered his whole divis ion to watch and march by to view the bodies. Straggling from the ranks was too com mon, downright desertion more than occasional. Also his commisary was falling down on the job. The food was bad even by Confed erate army standards. A half dozen officers who should have known better were under arrest for burning a paling fence against Jack eon's personal orders. And most disturbing of all, there were no religious serv ices that Sabbath, And relig ious services were as much of "Old Jack's" life as fighting. All in all, a day to be lor-Roltcn-that is, until shortly after noon. Then Gen. Robert E. Lee rode into Jackson's camp at Jeffersonton, Va., a village about eight miles south of Warrenton. They talked alone for a few mlmlfna nnrt thpn hnlh the country where almost exactly a year before the first battle of Bull Run (Manassas) had been fought - the Confeder acy's first big victory. Jackson sent his 23,000 In fantry and 4,000 calvary marching at dawn Aug. 25. Boswcll led the way. Knap sacks were left behind. So was all the baggage. Only an ammunition train and a herd of beef cattle went along. The men were supposed to cook three days rations the night before. Some finished their cooking, some did not. Soldier-like, those who had cooked their food ate it all then and there. Through Amissville the col umn trudged, then Orleans at noon with the August sun pouring down and by night fall Salem (now Marshall) was Just ahcad-25 miles since early dawn. The men started to cheer when they saw Stone wall standing by a rock. He signaled for silence. A wan dering Federal cavalry patrol might pick up the cheer. He might as well have saved his breath. Pope had known of the movement since 7:19 a.m. but he miscvnluated il-a column headed for the Shenandoah Valley, he de cided, and casually advised day and Jackson brightened. Washington of the news. Pope ui l ""! 1-ui.iei- oven estimated the ence nanaeci io "uia nine Light" an assignment that military men still talk about find historians still puzzle over. Daring Decision II was a daring decision, the first of several Lee would make before the Civil War was over. He proposed to agHin di vide his force in the face of a larger Union army, better equipped and better fed. The decision was contrary to the rule books but Lee was a man 1o make his own rules, fight ing, as he was, on the defen Five. The job Lee handed to lacksnn that Sunday after noon was simple enough in concept but highly complicat ed in execution. Jackson's Job was to snake his command around the right wing of the Union Army of Virginia, commanded by Maj. Gen. John Pope, and strike Pope's supply base and com munications in the rear. To do that would put Jackson be tween Pope and Washington. Then Lre and Jackson could pound rear and crush his armv The big question was what Pope would rio while this flanking movement was being readied and carried nut. llir, flrmy. being between Lee and Jackson, might strike either with superior forces before the other could move to aid. But Lee read his opposition well - he reasoned that Pope would baffle easily, flounder, nd end up defeated. The blow must be struck before the Union Army of the Totomac could arrive In force from the Peninsula in front of Itichmond. It had slartrd back Aug. 14 but it was coming the long way around via Chesa peake Bay and the Potomac and overland. The Army of the Potomac would swell. Pope's forces from 45,000 to" 3 25.000. Could Move Failer Lee could nu.ve his army faster from Richmond on in terior lines by railroad That was what he was doing but his army was not all up yet by Aug. 24. ' Jackson called his rngineer officer, Capt. J. K Boswcll, and ordered him (in Boswrll's words) to select "the most di rect and covered route to Manassas." Boswell knew the country and laid out a loop ing route north from Jeffer sonton, then cast through Thoroughfare Gap In the Bull I?un Mountains along the Manassas railroad lo Man force a i short of the 20,000, not far mark. The gray column slept by Ihe side of the road. At dawn they moved through Salem. There a guide waved them east. Jackson, as close mouthed as usual, had told his men nothing, but with the turn they knew for sure now what they had suspected -that they were bound to hit Pope's army In the rear. Next Hazard Thoroughfare Gap was the next hazard - about seven miles Gray cavalry probed the cut gingerly. No Federals, a jubilant courier reported back. The footsloggers swung through Ihe pass and now the going was downhill. Four more miles and the hamlet of llaymarket, two more to Gainesville and the main pike. Only a dozen or so Federal ealvarymen had been seen and they were gathered in quickly. It was coming on to dark when the column hit Hiistoc Junction about midnight. De spite their warning, the Fed erals soon were overwhelmed losing eight guns and 300 prisoners. The loot at the Junction was enormous and the fam ished Confederates made the most of it. Besides the army depot, Union sutlers had set up store. Their oranges, lemons, pickes, potted ham, lobster and tongue, cake, catsup, cigars, cheese and sardines soon melted away in the mouths of the Rebels some of whom had not eaten for two days. One squad found a bar rel of whisky. Most of Aug. 27 was a sat urnalia of feasting and drink ing until Jackson poured the liquor into the streets and or ganized his men to meet the fast building pressure from Federal units now closing in. A Confederate force left at Bristoe retreated lo the Junc tion under attack. Unable to save many of Ihe supplies, Jackson ordered the dump burned. The Confederates carried off all they could lug hut it was only a fraction of the haul. By this time Pope was be ginning to understand that his predicament might be a blessing in disguise. He might be able lo destroy Jackson be fore help could arrive. He started his main bodies of troops toward the Junction. So Jackson marched his Iroops that night across the old Bull Run battlefield and hid them' behind the embank ment of an unfinished rail road. From there he could watch Pope's troops and wait for re inforcements he knew were on the way along the same roads he had travelled. The stage was set for the second battle of Bull Run Manassas). Ktiiliim ,w. lli rt,-,i,t. .t. A l,,v. Pope from front and ..,... r,,rn!,ri .,.,, ,H. i crates promptly broke the line but not soon enough to forcstal a train escaping north and another south lo can y the alarm to Pope that the enemy was behind his lines. Bristoe was not much of a prize hut Jackson learned there that Manassas Jinn-linn four miles north was brim ming with supplies Pope's main base. Two regiments hit the University Receives Grant for Lecturer Eugene - The grants com mittee of Ihe Sperry and Hutchinson company lecture ship program has awarded a Sl.700 grant to the Univer sity of Oregon to provide for a prominent visiting lecturer during the l!)ti3 spring term. The Sperry and Hutchinson company lectures have been awarded nationally to 31 in stitutions of higher learning. The award to the University of Oregon is the only award made in Oregon The grant will provide for a high government official in the field of economics to spend 10 days on the campus in the soring as a lecturer on eco nomics. He. will serve as leader of graduate seminars on taxation and fiscal policy and on economic growth and development. CLIP THIS VALUABLE COUPON This Coupon Entitles You to One Regular 1.25 Kodacolor Enlargement for ONLY with tacit roll el Kodjcolof film developed Jrnd primed. (Brine ej coupon.) Inlarqrmfnr can he mede from any Kodecolor neqirive ej vou choose. (Not ilirfei.) Otter espirei Auquil 25. 1962. GETS ASSIGNMENT On Aug. 24, 1862, Gen. R. E. Lee rode into Gen. Stonewall Jackson's camp at Jeffersonton, Va.. and handed him an assignment that would cause military men to talk and historians to puzzle. Lee made a daring decision he would divide his forces in the face of a large Union army, better equipped and better fed. Jackson's job was to snake his command around the right wing of General Pope's army of Virginia and strike Pope's supply base and communciations in the rear. Lee would then strike from the front and the two Confcrcrate forces might well crush the Union army. On Aug. 25 Jackson and his men moved out. North to Amissville the column trudged, then on to Orleans, and by nightfall they were in Salem. They had moved 25 miles since dawn. The next morning his force passed through White Plains, the Thoroughfare Gap and past Gainsville. It was nearly dark when they hit Bristoe Station and cut the Orange and Alexandria railroad. About midnight the Confcrerates struck Manassas Junction, Pope's main base that was brimming with supplies. The loot at the junction was enormous and the famished Confederates made the most of it. But the Federal units began to close in. The Confederates took what supplies they could, and burned much of the rest. General Jackson and his forces retreated across the old Bull Run battlefield and hid there behind the embankment of an unfinished road. From there he could watch the movement of Pope's army and the reinforcements that were joining it. The stage was set for the second battle of Bull Run. This may, from the U. S. Depart ment of Interior, shows Jackson's route from Jeffersonton lo Manassas. (UPI) ISSUE TAX REPORT Washington UPD The Cen sus Bureau reported Sunday that state and local govern ments collected about one third of all taxes last year, continuing an upward trend that started after World War i NOTHING FISHY HERE II. Non-federal agencies re ceived $38.7 billion in taxes during 1961. Federal tax col lections also have increased but they have not risen as fast as state and local collec tions since 1945. HAVE YOU SEEN THE NEW YORKSHIRE APARTMENTS 836 TAYLOR (Off Et Main) POOL CARPETS DRAPES AIR CONDITIONED PARKING Catmanhay, England -'UPD- The Catmanhay Angling club awarded iU fishing prize to a fisherman who caught a one ounce bug. 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