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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (March 26, 1961)
g SUNDAY, MARCH 26. 1961 ' MEDFORD MAIL TRIBUNE. MEDFORD. ORE. ; For Discussion: World Economy-Rubles, Dollars and Freedom Problem Is to Produce More, What Is Produced Here (Editar'i note: The folloninf . 4lspstch ll the last of t llhl brim published in connftrtiim with ttir "greet decisions" nrmram or the u non-prollt, non-partisan Korelsn , Policy association. Thii dispatch. ll related to the final discussion topic: "Blueprints (or the world economy rubles, dollars ana ; freedom.") By EDWARD COWAN Washington -IUPD- How do we get the American econ omy to produce more and how do we divide what it pro duces? Although the question is rarely expressed in those .words, It is one of the fore most problems of the Kennedy administration, The President and his chief advisers believe the right answers are the key to forging fe stronger international posi tion lor the United Slates and improving the condition of its citizens. ; In essence, the view of the administration Is that greater production of goods and serv- Ices leads to greater capacity to meet needs. Whose needs? What needs? Storms Art Swirling ' ; Those are questions around Which political storms already are swirling. One of the storms is over foreign aid. It is a widely held view here that more and more the cold War is being fought in the realm of economics. The war" is a struggle for world domination - hence a contest for influence and allegiance in the countries which have not yet taken sides, although some experts say we should en courage them to remain un committed. .- It has become by now a truism in Washington to say that the people of Asia, Africa and Latin' America have been wept up by the "revolution of rising expectations." For the most part they are people whose living standards are pitifully meager by American or European standards and whose economies give little promise of an early, steady rise in Income. Word It Spreading " Yet, the word is spreading. People who once accepted poverty -no longer do. They feel they are entitled to a better Me. This puts their governments under great pres sure to produce economics progress and, therefore, to do business with anyone who offers help. The Soviet Union and Com munist China are aware of this, although China faces its own enormous economic prob lems. In the past decode the Russians have expanded their foreign aid efforts consider ably. This raises a major question for the United Stales govern ment: Can and should it In crease the share of American goods, services and knowhow available overseas as the total xpands? President Kennedy's view, Oregonians Urge Firm Resistance to Soviets Finn resistance to Soviet or East German "squeezes" on West Berlin was urged by two-thirds of Oregon Great Deci sions participants balloting recently on the foreign policy issue "Deadlock over Germany." Sixty-one per cent of the Jackson county participants indicated they felt the same way. Opinion ballots from 20 Oregon counties were tabulated this week by Oregon State university extension service. Not quite as many state voters 61 per cent called for the U.S. to make It clear that we shall fight if necessary to keep West Berlin free. Agreeing were 77 per cent of Jackson county voters. Insist on Continued Occupation Slightly more than half the Oregonians who voted said to insist on continued Allied occupation of West Berlin until Germany is reunited on the basis of self-determination. In Jackson county, 80 per cent of the voters agreed with this opinion. Three-fourths the people voting on ine topic "soviet unai lenge and World Leadership" urged working to help build solid foundations for freedom In underdeveloped and emerg ing areas. Ninety-two per cent of Jackson county voters indi cated they felt the same way. Sixty-eight per cent of the 841 Oregonians who balloted in the second Great Decisions topic agreed that America's long-run objective is freedom and self-determination every where in the world, including behind the iron curtain. Ninety-seven per cent of Jackson county's 59 voters agreed. Many of the Great Decisions voters favored remaining firm, and negotiating from strength. one which explains the idea of ; the much ballyhooed "Peace Corps," is that more American experts must go to foreign countries to train people in public health, farm ing, irrigation, transportation, business and government man agement. Walt W. Rostow, an econo mist who is a deputy special asssltant to the President, has written that the present level of external assistance is sub stantially Inadequate to the task of out-racing the rate of population increase in many key regions where capital might be productively absorbed." In short, some countries find their economies are grow ing - but only about as quick ly as their populations. That means average Income per person is barely rising, if at all, American officials feel this is a dangerous situation in a poor country. A country whose living standards are rising is less likely to respond to Communist blandishments, officials say. Help Poor Countries The problem then is help the poor countries expand and strengthen their economies. But there are limits to what can be done to help through foreign aid. One limit is the political sensitivity of other govern ments. South America is wary of "Yankee imperialism." In the Eastern hemisphere newly Independent peoples are haunted by the memory of colonialism. A political limit exists. Con gress, and possibly most citi zens with an opinion on the matter, oppose increasing for eign aid. Such a move is es pecially politically unpalat able when unemployment at home Is high, as now. . In addition, there are the restraints of the federal budg et and the balance of pay ments. They are an economic limit, although perhaps one not yet reached. Lack of Flexibility Still another difficulty is the lack of flexibility in U.S. aid efforts. The Soviet govern ment, unencumbered by the safeguards of democratic pro cedures, can move quickly to exploit a developing economic situation - to buy surplus sugar or deliver oil, in either case to help a small country in a sudden economic pinch. The Soviet government even can trade at uneconomic prices for political advantage (al though sometimes it has later tried to recoup, at the expense of the country it was! sup posedly helping). These problems and others, American officials feel, point to a need for: -More multilateral aid through such institutions as the World Bank, its affiliate the International Develop ment Association, the U.N. Special Fund and the Inter American Bank. Foreign Aid Flexibility . -More flexibility in foreign aid, more discretionary au thority from Congress for the executive branch and includ ing long - term commitments which will assure financing to completion of projects which take years to build. -A strengthened world economy generally, with more Will senrllismtnt ll ntllW en offer to ssM rot s tottdtafJen of effen e bey sue " ftoei lecerftfes. Tee efftrtnf Is made eely by prwptclui to bona lido mldsiils of the State at Oregon. CENTENNIAL Life Insurance Company Aa Oregon Ineurance Corporattoe, The Company 1 ottering to bona fide residents of the State of Orogon 1,000,000 shares of lis common capital slock at a price of $2.50 per share. All shares of the common capital stock of Cen tennial Life Insurance Company are equal In every way to every other share, Including voting, dividend rights, and price. AN sharot when hilly paid shall be non-assessable and each share shaH have one vote. Centennial Life Insurance Company Is actively engaged in the sale of life Insurance In the Slate of Oregon pur suant to a Certificate of Authority as Issued by the Insurance Commissioner of the Slate of Oregon. This Company was founded on the belief that most of Oregon's premium dollars go to out-of-ttale Insurance companies, largely to be Invested elsewhere. A strong, aggressive Oregon company, adequately financed and properly managed, can keop many of these dollars at home thereby making a contribution to tho econ omic well being of our great Stale. You are Invited to ask lor a Iree Prospectus which descrlbos the Company and this offering In detail. CENTENNIAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. P.O. Box 472, Mtdford, Oregon Gentlemen: Please tend me copy ot the Centennial Lrle Insurance Co. prospectus. I vnderstand I am under no obligation. Nemo Addrttt Ply trade, greater stability and a heavier flow of private invest ment into the less industrial ized countries. This conviction underlies the determination of the Kennedy administration to shun import restrictions as a solution to the U.S. balance of payments deficit. The Kennedy administra tion believes that the first step toward strengthening the world economy is shoring up the American economy. Full employment and high produc tion at home are the neces sary weapons of an attack on poverty. They also relate to prosperity elsewhere. There is an old saying that "When America sneezes, Europe gets pneumonia." Recent economic resurgence in Europe may make that adage an overstate ment, but there is still a germ of truth in it. Industrial Activity Ups and downs in industrial activity in the advanced coun tries mean parallel fluctua tions in prices of raw materi als and gyrations in the in comes of the less .developed countries. This is one of their perennial complaints. It is still another reason for main taining a high-level economy in the United States. One remedy to the problem of sharp swings in raw ma terials prices, one which the United States has tried to pur sue through some of lis for eign aid programs, is diversifi cation of an economy so that it is not dependent on exports of a single item. In recent months, attention in Washington has been fo cused less on the problems of world trade and aid and more on the strength of the dollar, For a variety of reasons, but mainly the economic recession here, the dollar came under sudden and unexpected pres sure in 1960. Accelerated Rate Foreign governments ac celerated the rate at which they were converting dollar reserves to American gold thereby reducing Treasury gold stocks. In London the price of gold broke through the traditional celling of a few pennies above $35 an ounce and shot up to $40 on a tem porary but highly dramatic, ominous speculative binge. These developments reflect ed and strengthened sentiment that the United States would revalue the dollar. This senti ment did not abate until Ken nedy took office and pro claimed his firm Intention to hold the price of gold at $35. Compounding U. S. embar rassment over the speculation against the dollar, for years unshakable currency, was a Soviet "monetary reform." In a bit of financial sleight-of-hand the Russians reduced the value of the ruble, called the reduction an increase, and proclaimed that the ruble had become worth more than the dollur - about $1.11, accord ing to Moscow. Dollar Under Pressure , Whether the "monetary re form" was planned or not, it came just when the dollar was under great and surprising pressure. The Soviet move touched off speculation that the Kremlin was getting ready to make the ruble "convert ible" in a bid to oust the dollar as the world's chief reserve currency. Soviet experts doubt that any such move is likely in the foreseeable future. But the Russians might be tempted to try it if the dollar and con fidence In It sag again. That is another reason the Kennedy administration has assigned top priority to strenghenlng the economy. Three from Area Attend OSU Course Corvallis - Three men from Mcdford completed an aerial photo short course last week at the Oregon State university school of forestry. They were John L. Gart man of Elk Lumber company, Wayne L, Peterson, and Ben Vaitkus. The one-week course has been offered each of the past 12 years by OSU as a service to foresters who use aerial photos In their work. Foresters from throughout the nation and several foreign countries have attended the special training during the past several years. Classes cover limber volume estima tion from aerial surveys, pho to interpretation, forest type mapping, projection of photo detail to base maps, and con tract specifications for aerial photography. Fiber Content Labels Being Inspected Fiber content labels on var ious items of wearing apparel in local stores are being in spected on a cross-sampling basis, according to D. L. Ham- Eagle Point People Place in GP Show Grants Pass - Several Eagle Point residents recently par ticipated in the Blaizers 4-H horse show and play day here and won several prizes for their horsemanship. Attending were Keith Krambeal, his children, Al yce, Regina and Leslie, and Mrs, James A. Dunn, all mem bers of the Desert Pegasus 4-H Horse club. Leslie, riding "Chip," won second place in open jumping, as well as fifth place in open pole bending. Regina, with her horse "Bourbons Wonder. Queen," won fourth place in English equitation, fifth place in West ern horsemanship, fourth in open pole bending, and fifth in Open Texas barrel. All animals need salt and salted hay is a convenient way to feed stock salt. ilton, an inspector for the di vision of textiles and furs, fed eral trade commission. Hamilton said the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, which became effective March 3, requires manufac turers to affix to each textile fiber product a label clearly indicating the generic names of all fibers present in the fab rics in excess- jf 5 per cent of the total v. iight. According to Hamilton, there nre only 17 'man-made fibers in production, and of these, only 10 are commonly found in household textile products. Act Necessary Unfortunately, he said, there are thousands of fiber trademarks in the United States and abroad which made it necessary for the 85th Con gress to pass the act prohibit ing the use of such trade marks without disclosure of the proper generic name, in order to avoid deception from the consumer interest stand point. Retail merchants, the in spector said, are reminded of their legal responsibility un der the Textile Act, which provides that household tex tile products manufactured after March 3 are deemed to be misbranded if offered for sale without a fiber content label being affixed to each such product. He pointed out that the fed eral trade commission officials realize labels are sometimes accidentally detached, but urged retailers to adopt such procedures as- appear neces sary to keep label losses to a minimum. Hamilton said the act also pertains to newspaper copy submitted by retailers, and suggested that retailers who desire copies of the act write to the federal trade commis sion, 811 U.S. Courthouse, Seattle, Wash. SECURED INVESTMENTS Preferred Contracts. Will net 8 and up on your invest ment. Bank references. In come figures certified by Public Accountant Monthly return. Write Tribune Box 8594-D. 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