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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 5, 1961)
0 G o O O MEDFOSD MAIL TRIBUNE, MEDFORD, OREGON THURSDAY, JANUARY 5, 1961 B 7 $ t$A t - ' yCjJ WAVY ANNIVERSARY - Crewmen aboard the atUck car riers Intrepid, Saratoga, and Independence, top to bottom, form ranks to spell out greetings in observance of the 50th anniversary of naval aviation. The photo was taken off the north coast of Sicily. (UPI Telepholo) I960 Was Important Year for Korea Seoul - (UPI) - The year 1960 was the year of revolution for the Republic of Korea. It saw student demonstrators over- . tnrow the autocratic govern- ment of Dr. Svngman Rhee. who ruled the country for 12 years. , II was the most significant I year for the South Korean f people since the Korean War which began in 1950 and end- ! td in 1953. The April student uprisings ! that put an end to Rhee's rule brought numerous democratic freedoms to the South Korean v people. ' But it also brought political instability and social unrest. Prime Minister John M. : Chang's Democratic Party government, which took the reins auer ine levuuuiim, whs constantly faced with the dan- get iuuaja(: uiiuui a jjuuit- Ical system similar to the one that existed in the Fourth Re public of France. Demonstrations, large and small, became the daily order of the "Second Republic" of jvorea. . . The nation's economy, de spite the political changes, continued slow, steady prog ress, although it was still far ' from attaining self-sufficiency. The fear of inflation loomed, however, as the year neared its end. i The year opened with the nation prepared for elections to choose a president and vice president to rule for four years. Rhee, the country's first and only president since it recovered independence in ; 1948, seemed certain to be re turned to office for a fourth term. This was assured when ,nis oniy opponeni, ur. unougn Pyung Ok, died of a heart at tack in Washington one month before voting day, March 15. Rhee won the election. It was charged and later admitted that Rhee's govern ment and party officials rigged the election by stuffing ballot boxes and using three man and nine-man voting teams in which the team lead er checked marked ballots be fore putting them into the ballot box. As soon as tabulation be gan, some 20,000 high school students and adults at the south coast port of Masan rose up in bloody riots attack ing the city hall and police stations. The uprising soon spread to other cities with a demand that the election be nullified. On April 19, a major, de termined revolt broke out in the capital of Seoul. More than 100,000 students swarmed into Seoul streets de manding the resignation of .the government and new elec tions. - Police opened fire when the demonstrators attempted to storm Rhee's hillside man sion. A total of 138 bodies were counted when the day was over. Maritial law was hastily proclaimed and troops moved in to quell the revolt. But they were helpless. Rhee finally was forced to resign a week later when a similar major uprising came and the National Assembly demanded he step down. The constitution was amend ed to establish a British-type parliamentary form of gov ernment in place of the presi dential system. Through the general elec tions held July 29, the Con servative Democratic Party won a two-thirds majority in the powerful lower house and a substantial majority in the upper house of the first bi cameral parliament. Its lead er John M. Chang became the prime minister. t But bitter factional strife split the party into two op posing groups - one led by Prime Minister Chang and the other headed by former Fi nance Minister Kim Do Yun The split reduced Chang's strength in the National As sembly to barely more than a simple majority. In the diplomatic field, the US,-iifja Break Has Hea in impact By DOUG KNDSBSON UPI Coitnipoodent 'Washington' abrupt si'ver ani of diplomatic relaiions with Cuba had a heavy impact today on all Latin America, including Premier Fidel Cas tro's own revolutionary re gime. fn Argentina and Brazil, there was talk ef a ipecial hemisphere - wide conference to dral with the situation cre ated by the break. One influ ential Brazilian congressman Mid flatly he believed all New World nation! tljould break off relations with Cuba. "Cub has placed Itself oni eidf the Pan-American system, and has become a Communist bridgehead and stronghold in the hemisphere," said Hay rnundo Padilha, chairman of the Foreign Relations Com- m It dee of 8iiiIi,Cl(vnber of I)eDiitiSy O "The Organisation of Ameri can States jhould liall an im mediate meeting and Uike a c o 1 1 e c 1 1 v stand iigmnst Cuba." Guatemalan Foreign Minis ter Jetiif Unda Nfurillo, whose government broke relation! with the Castroites ome tima ago, urged other Latin Ameri can nationa-specifically Vene zuela. Panama and Uruguay to follow tuit. Argentine; Foreign Minitter Diccnea Taboada laid the U.S.-Cuban break probably would force pottponement of the Inter-American Confer ence scheduled to start March 17 in Quito. Argentine diplomatic circles were reported considering a call for an emergency meet- o ing of Western Hemisphere i foreign ministers to deal with ilrgcnt mat (era on the agenda' of the Quito confereiute. Communist and Cantroite minorities in auine countries' echoed the Moscow Havana line that Ihe break reprpient ed U.S. "aggresiion" against Cuba, but the general feeling appeared lo tie that it was a "natural and logical" conse quence ef Castro'a unflagging hate-America campaign. "The grave decision of lha Department of State only con firm! what public opinion hat long regarded at inevitable," said one observer in Uruguay. REt CELLS Philadelphia - It is ettima led that t h e human blood stream contains 35 trillion red cells. MoT aneK&?en Lyifi, Mass.-IUPIl-Ejght per jons,(a)mothcr(a)id .-fe.1! djil- rifed, nerislted1 inJ)l-.giijli: today. o Tim dead' (BoluSed Mrg) . Aitterault, &j, and ex c lice seven children. Ill ftra 8,'so claimed tfie fif t ftie chil dren'! . month-old eaja. Mrs. Amerault'l husband, Donald, 89, tossed thair young' est child, Dawn Marie, 4 months, 25 feet into the arms of a neighbor. Swn other persons includ ing We children flf)the pre dawn fire in the two-family house. 0 gBCBgJUgORITY DIES 'SJahpoac, N.Y.-IUPU - Mrs. 08 Hone RfQ'i's, a dog teeaeb'r id judge who wa3 ,onsi8giCii aWiutstanding au- thSitej cM ponies and Eng lish coiar anielsQ died Wednesday. chiefceo meatvinh eWmMik 5 Moss CM FOB new government discarded Rhee's strong anti-Japanese policies and his policy of non fraternization with the so- called neutral countries. In efforts to improve rela tiont with neighboring Japan, the Chang government per mitted the long-banned entry into South Korea of Japanese officials, newsmen and busi nessmen, and resumed trade with Janan Preliminary diplomatic ne-1 gotiations for normalized re lations with Japan opened in Tokyo in October following the good will vitit to Korea of Japanese Foreign Minister Zcntaro Kosaka. The government also aban doned Rhee's "march north" policy of unifying the divided nation by force. But it oppos ed unification through neu tralization - an idea advocat ed by some student groups. It insisted that Korea should be unified through free gen eral elections under United Nations supervision, which Communist North Korea firm ly rejects. The prospect of national unification, thus, remained at remote as ever. MMSaietaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaataaaaaaaaaaaasaa nnn nkn"n rO'TI On ft n fl rs start the iPlttiiralliii Lid You can alwya enjoy a good hot meal in old weather, but you tan enjoy -'3!),,w it MORE when you know it coats so little. lmti Cho'" mvSsSS American Officials Seek Ways To Help People Fleeing Cuba Washington - (UPI) - Ameri can officials today sought a way to help thousands of Cu bans whose efforts to enter the United Stales have been blocked by the break in rela tions with the Castro regime. The State Department gave public assurance that this country has always believed in "open doors to people who 1 iff - rSra f: wwm m ' I - , mom K ', S -s Make your dream vacation come true! Nearly everyone looks forward to a glorious vacation-sometime! And by saving with u regularly, your money will earn excellent re turns and you can be ready for that trip before you know it ! This emblem assures you that your savings with us are insured by the FSLIC, a United StatesjOvernment agency. Investment! made by thf tenth of the month tarn it of the first. CURRENT DIVIDEND RATE 4 FBR AWWU FIRST FEDERAL Savings & Loan Assn. of Medford o 24 North Ivy Street Robert F. Kyle, Manager are fleeing from -suffering and tyranny." But several proposals for admitting Cuban refugees have run into difficulty. Be fore it began evacuating Wed nesday, the U. S. embassy in Havana had been issuing on an average of 1,000 visas a week for Cubans to enter the United States. Long Waiting List When visa operations were closed down, some 50,000 Cu bans were on a waiting list for visa interviews. Those at the bottom of the list would not have received an inter view until July, 1962. The em bassy had assigned some 30 employees to isuisng visas. Switzerland is taking over U. S. diplomatic inlerestt in Cuba, but some Slate Depart ment officials said this did not include the power to issue visas. Other officials said the Swiss could issue visas, but could not be expected to de vote the manpower to do so in much quantity. At one point, officials thought of asking Switzerland to simply forward visa appli cations to Washington for processing here. But the de partment was informed that under the McCarren-Walter Immigration act, visas could be issued only in the field, not in the United Slates. Cubans still can enter the United States by going first to a third country and then applying for visas at the American consulates there. U. S. officials also indicated this country would continue its policy of broadly inter preting immigration laws to permit Cubans to land in the United States with no visas and then be "paroled" at ref ugees. This would require the refugees to get themtelves out of Cuba. Classroom Discipline Is Number One Problem According to Educator New York (Science Serv ice) - Clasroom discipline is the number one school prob lem practically everywhere, but it is more acute in U. S. schools, a University of Cali fornia at Los Angeles edu cator reported here following a six-month study tour of 14 European and Middle Eastern countries. The caus and solutions vary from nation to nation, Dr. Lawrence E. Vredevcx told the annual meeting of the American Attocittlon for the Advancement of Science. Students may be cheered by the news that caning and pad dling, well-applied remedies fr breach of clastroom dis cipline, ara becoming Itss re spectable. However, in at leat one private European school, parents ra atill charg ed for canes as a "medical" expense. Comparing discipline prob lems In the U. S. with those abroad, Vrcdevoe listed some factorrQhat make it hartier to enforce discipline In the (0)S. Among of? factors are Hick offline durninanl culture religion, confused standards and altitudes tov()l law en forcement, longer and more rigidly enforced compulsory education, use of cars by many high school students, population mobility, resulting in more transfers and less home stability, confused atti tudes about discipline and au thority in the home, and shortage of competent admin istrators and teachers lo meet the demand of a rising en rollment. Schools in Ihe U. S. often are atked to play the role ot parent and church, "an im possible task," Vredevoe stid. Despite Ihe discipline handi cap in U. S. school systems. Vredevoa tounrl certain ad vantage U the tysUma hart ire not generally thertd in F.urop or the Middle Eatt. 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