Medford mail tribune., June 18, 1957, Image 4

0,
4
FOUR MEDFORD (OREGON)
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SOCIATION
Flight of Time
Medford and Jackson County
History from the files of The
Mail Tribune 10, 20, 30 and
40 years ago.
10 YEARS AGO
June 18. 1947 (Wednesday)
Public hearing on Jackson
county budget for 1947-48 held;
not a single taxpayer attends.
From Arthur Perry's Ye
Smudge Pot column: "The last
rain fooled the weatherman.
How was he to know a cool
strata of air would sweep in
from the Pacific, and hit the
hot breath of the Climate com
miltea of the Cham, of Comm."
0 YEARS AGO
Jun 18. 1937 (Friday)
Three Medford scouts head
for Holland and the fifth world
Bow Scout Jamboree.
Southbound airliner from Se
attle, prevented from landing
at Portland Swan Island airport,
lands at Medford.
0 YEARS AGO
Jus 18. 1827 (Saturday)
Six year's drought at Lake of
tha Woods over; high water
from winter precipitation now
threatening lake shore build
ings Prospect and Medford men
in eiaht-rotind main event box
in smoker In the armory to
night. 40 YEARS AGO
Jun II. 1117 (Monday)
"He may have arrived" savs
the Mail Tribune, about the
young recruit who was handed
a crate of strawberries just as
he boarded a train of 250 men.
He was last seen in a swarm
of struggling, hungry recruits.
From the Local and Personal
column: "Ben Sheldon, the gen
eral poo bah of Grants Pass,
spent the week end in Medford
in looking after his orchard."
What's Your I.Q.?
1ne or te rrrert I superior:
even or eUat la excellent; five or
alx it gooe.
1. At the time of Alexander
the Great was the Don or Dan
ulie River believed to have been
the Euro-Asiatic dividing liiie?
1. The Navy rank of Com
mander corresponds to which
rark in the Army?
3 Bible: In the days of Esther
which king reigned "India even
unto Ethiopia"?
4 Are there 5. 10, 15 or 20
isiands in the Hawaiian group?
5. Kevstone State is the nick
name vt which State of the
Union?
8 Which noted General (now
deceased i commanded the U. S.
Third Army at the time of the
German surrender in World
War 11?
T. In Roman mythology whose
!a.:g:iier as Minerva?
8- The Japanese islands are.
or are not. subject to frequent
earthquakes
9 Is the word "sagacious" pro
no'jiiccd with a jft or hard
B -
10 "Trcrc' no evidence of
gi:i!t That should make your
spirit v lit. Slany do not think
tl a: eon. ' Chopped your fath
ers hca.-i in two. Lizzie" who?
Answers: l.'Don. 2. Lieuten
ant - Colonel. S. Ahasuerus. 4.
Twm S. Pennsylvania. 8. Lt.
Geo Ga-orae S. Patton. 7. Jupi
Jr TUf are. 8. Hard (as in
jot.) j0. Soi&xu
MAIL TRIBUNE
Kishi and
The name of Army Specialist 3, C William S.
Girard is bound to figure in the discussions between
President Eisenhower and Premier Nobusuke Kishi
of Japan. The case will not be taken up with Ameri
can authorities '"as a specific problem," Kishi said
on June 13. Nevertheless, an important item on the
agenda is manifestly the United States-Japanese Se
curity Treaty of 1954 and the "status of forces'' ex-
ecutive agreement which implements some provisions
of the pact and under which Japan is to try Girard.
Other subjects Kishi wants to bring up with Presi
dent Eisenhower include: Japanese desire to have
a voice in the government of Okinawa; protests
against the continued imprisonment after nearly 12
years of World War II "war criminals"; "economic
necessity" of Japan to increase trade with Red China;
promotion of trade with the United States and with
Southeast Asia.
"yHE U.S.-Japanese agreement has not been "fully
satisfactory" in practice, Kishi said on June 6.
For example, it gives the United States permission
l to move troops anywhere in Japan without consult
! ing Japanese authorities. Actually, the Tokyo govern-
ment is always advised of important movements of
forces, but Kishi would like a written agreement.
I The Socialists, principal rivals for power of
Kishi's conservative Liberal Democrats, exploit any
: frictions that arise from the agreement. They have
j been harping particularly on the Girard case, even
j since the United States agreed on June 4 to let Japan
try the soldier.
The case goes back to last Jan. 30. Girard's unit,
Company F, Eighth Regiment, First Cavalry, on that
date was conducting a field test on the Somagahara
; Firing Range, 60 miles north of Tokyo. Leased by
the U.S., the range is shared with Japanese troops;
when not in use it is fanned by Japanese civilians.
For several decades Japanese scavengers have col
lected spent shell cases to sell as scrap4.
Girard shot and killed a Japanese "woman so en
gaged. Both sides apparently agree that Girard had
no intent to kill. He is charged by the Japanese
with "inflicting bodily injury resulting in death," the
least serious homicide charge under which he could
have been held. The offense carries a penalty of two
to 15 years' imprisonment.
A JAPANESE Justice Ministry spokesman said on
June 13 that Girard killed the woman during a
pause in the drill. Before the fatal empty cartridge
case was shot from Girard's grenade launcher, the
Japanese contend, Girard threw some spent shell
cases into a foxhole and "said to the woman, 'Mama
san, takusan, daijobu' (Woman, plenty, all right)."
On this basis Japanese prosecutors argue that Girard's
conduct "can hardly be termed as an action on duty,
even speaking from the standpoint of common sense."
Under the executive agreement, Japan gives up
jurisdiction over "performance of duty" acts of U.S.
troops. A joint U.S.-Japanese committee agreed on
May 16 to Japanese trial for Girard, although U.S.
members did not concur in the Japanese interpreta
tion of "performance of duty." Girard's surrender
was delayed bv orders of Defense Secretary Charles
E. Wilson, May 17, to keep him in U.S. custody "pend
ing a complete review." He remains in U.S. hands,
despite the State-Defense Department decision of
June 4 to let the Japanese try him. E.R.R.
Civil Rights Laws
Resistance in certain Southern states to the 1954
Supreme Court decision against public school segrega
tion recalls the Southern resistance to federal steps
for rights for Negroes after the Civil War. But there
is one sharp contrast. Then the steps were taken by
Congress, only to have the Supreme Court invalidate
most of them; today the Supreme Court has acted
against segregation without Congressional action.
The 13th Amendment had simply banned invol
untary servitude and authorized Congress to enforce
the ban. That in itself failed to secure civil liberties
to former slaves in the South. So in 1866 Congress
enacted over President Johnson's veto a civil rights
act penalizing state and local officials who deprived
any person of specified rights because of his race or
color.
FEDERAL courts were
i over cases under the act, and the President was au
I thorized to use the Army to enforce it. There were
I serious doubts as to its constitutionality, and the 14th
! Amendment was put through in 1868. largely to pro
tect the civil rights act. Then the 15th Amendment
was added in 1870 guaranteeing the right to vote.
Thereupon in 1S70 Congress reenacted most of the
1S55 act. In addition it authorized federal action
against any conspiracy to defeat "the due course of
justice in any state" or (in 1S71) to deprive a citizen
! of his legal privileges and immunities. And in 1875 it
: was made illegal to refuse a person, because of his
race, equal hotel, recreation, or transportation fa
cilities.
But Supreme Court decisions of 1873, 1S76, and
1SS3 invalidated much of this civil rights legislation.
Despite the 14th and 15th Amendments the bulk of
personal liberties was held to derive from state, not
federal, citizenship. And most of what the Court had
left of the legislation was repealed bv Congress in
,1594 and 1909. E.R.R.
Tueidty. June 18, 1957
Girard Trial
given exclusive jurisdiction
er- rug- tttjL rtnQvw .-m-
'TUZY WON'T LET ME
TUAT WHV IM SO
Matter of Fact y stew,, aisop
POINT OF NO RETURN
Washington The National
Security Council, the nation's
top policy-making body, has
been p o nder
i n g in recent
weeks the
basic question
of A in e rican
national strat
e g y: How
much should
the United
States rely on
the terrible
multi - mega
Sat
Stewaif Alsop
ton nuclear weapons as instru
ments of national power? To put
the question another way: Under
what circumstances, short of ail
out Soviet nuclear aggression,
would an American President
authorize the use of such in
credibly destructive weapons?
The NSC has decided "in
principle" that the United States
must not become exclusively de
pendent on the big nuclear
weapons. But such decisions in
principle have a way of fading
into meaninglessness, and the
decision has resulted in no visible
changes in American defense
planning. Such changes are in
evitable, if the trend towards
ever-increasing reliance on the
multi-megaton weapons is to be
reversed.
Recent testimony on Capitol
Hill points up what the issue
with which the USC has been
grappling is all about. A few
days ago. Gen. Lauris Norstad.
able NATO commander, testified
that this country had the power
of "destroying everything that
is of military significance in
Russia." Norstad was talking, of
course, of the power to launch
an all-out nuclear attack on the
Soviet Union, which is the heart
of the Western strategy of deter
rence. OUCH an attack would require
the explosion of many hun
dreds of high yield nuclear weap
ons. The Soviets, presumably,
would reply in kind. Thus the
kind of war Norstad was talking
about would mean the explosion
of nuclear weapons with a total
power of something like 2500 to
5000 megatons.
Only a few days before Nor
stad spoke, a member of the
country's leading scientists had
also testified on Capitol Hill.
They disagreed on a lot of things,
but almost all agreed that, in the
interests of global safety, there
must be an upper limit on the
testing of nuclear weapons. Most
put this limit at around ten
megatons of fission products,
which would be released by a
single large and "dirty" hydro
gen bomb.
In an all-out nuclear war,
much would depend on "dirti
ness" of the bombs used. But in
such a war, the amount of fis
sion products released would be
enormously greater, probably
hundreds of times greater than
the upper limit set by the scien
tists. What would be the effect
of such a war, not only on the
nations directly involved, but on
the whole human race?
ATOMIC Energy Commission
er Thomas Murray has stat
ed that such a war would en
danger "a whole generation, em
bracing tens of millions of peo
ple, in Russia, in the United
States, in all the countries of
the world." Others, like Mur
ray's colleague. Commissioner
Willard Libby, have disputed
this view. The plain fact,- which
came out very clearly in the
testimony of the scientists, is
that nobody knows. The human
race might survive an all-out nu
clear war without suffering per
manent and essential damage.
On the other hand, it might not.
Yet an all-out nuclear war is
the kind of war the United
States is preparing to fight.
More and more, it is threatening
to become the only kind of war
the United States will be able
to fight. We are in real danger of
passing a nuclear point of no re
turn. As Thomas has said, the whole
emphasis in the AEC is on pro
ducing bigger and bigger bombs.
A device with the power of forty
megatons has already been test
ed. The current Air Force re
quirement is for a deliverable
bomb of fifty megatons. The
newest Air Force bomber the
B-5S, is designed to carry very-
WAVE ANY ROOT BEER .
WE4JC.
high nuclear weapons, and only
such weapons. All long range
and medium missile design calls
for a multi-megaton warhead.
riiHb Navy is also becoming a
multi - megaton Navy. The
Sixth Fleet, for example, is
equipped with high yield bombs,
in cruisers as well as carriers.
And the Army has put a heavy
proportion of its resources into
an effort to get into the multi-
megaton act, with its medium
missile, while its non-nuclear
capabilities steadily decline.
Obviously, the United States
must be capable of fighting an
all-out nuclear war. However
globally disastrous the conse
quences, the President of the
United States must at all times
be capable of ordering a devas
tating retaliation for nuclear ag
gression. But under what cir
cumstances short of such aggres
sion would a President, aware of
the possible global consequences,
order the use of the multi-mega
ton weapons: Would he order
their use if, say, the Soviets
blockaded Berlin again, or the
Chinese Communists invaded
Burma?
As Commissioner Murray (who
is to be fired for his pains) has
said, in any situation short of
all-out Soviet nuclear aggres
sion the danger is that . . . our
only recourse will be to moral
indignation. This danger be
comes daily greater, as the
United States becomes daily
more dependent for its defense
in the terrible weapons which
may never be used.
(c) 1957. New York
Herald Tribune Inc.
Communications
Letteri to the Editor must bear the name and address of tha writer, although
under certain circumstances the use of a pen name or initial for publication
is permissible. The Mail Tribune reserves the right to edit all letters with a
view to clarification and condensation. Letters submitted for publication must
not exceed 400 words.
Presbyterians' Position
To the Editor: In order that
the official position of the Pres
byterian church may be unmis
takably made clear, we would
like to submit the following in
regard to the meetings of Mr.
Billy Graham in Madison Square
Garden in New York City.
At the recent meeting of the
General Assembly of the Presby
terian Church, U. S. A., in Oma
ha, Nebr., the meetings of Billy
Graham were heartily endorsed
and prayers were asked for God's
blessing upon him as he leads
those meetings.
The National Presbyterian
Men's club has received great
inspiration from the sincere and
challenging messages that Billy
Graham has given to our men.
We would like to commend
the Mail Tribune for its news
coverage df the Billy Graham
meetings, and especially for the
intelligently written, spiritually
perceptive articles written by
Mr. Louis Cassels.
Session of First Presby
terian Church,
The Rev. D. K. West,
Moderator;
Robert A. Brewer,
Stated Clerk.
No Solution Yet
To the Editor: A short time
back I wrote several letters to
the Tribune about the trials and
tribulations of the Teenagers,
their parents and the police.
I certainly stuck out my neck.
I have been receiving phone
calls asking me, yes. ME, to give
with a plan to bring the said
teenagers back to a righteous
manner of living.
Now, 1 just have run fresh out
of plans that might work, since
any thing I can conceive would,
inevitably, fail because the par
ents, or the police, would tear
it to pieces quicker than pronto.
I am trying to scheme up
something to meet the ideas of
all those who may be con
cerned and each and every time
I run up against a snag that will
put a real quietus to the thing
instantly. If I favor the parents,
then the police will want to
'throw me in and throw the keys
away.' If I favor the police, then
the parents will be in favor of
tar, feathers and a rail.
It looks to a man up a tree
that we shall have to unearth
old Solomon. Let him solve the
problem. Do you suppose that
Leader of Ghana Having Fine
Time; Opposition Not
By CHARLES M. McCANN
United Press Correspondent
Kwame Nkrumah, leader of
Airica's newest nation, seems to
be having a
wonderful
time.
Not only is
he prime mini
ster of Ghana,
the former
British Gold
C o ast polony,
but he also is
its foreign and
defense mini-
Chartes McCanD ster.
He enjoys virtual dictatorial
power as head of his Convention
People's Party.
He has moved into magnifi
c e n t Christiansborg Castle,
which used to be the residence
of the British colonial gover
nor. And now Kkrumah is having
his own head, instead of that of
Queen Elizabeth II, put on Gha
na's stamps and coins.
His political opponents are not
pleased. They complain that he
spent nearly $200,000 In having
the 300-year-old castle, built by
Danish traders, fixed up for
himself and his mother. He is a
bachelor and she is his official
hostess.
Supporters Answer Complaints
Nkrumah's supporters say the
castle was renovated to house
the Duchess of Kent, who rep
resented her niece Queen Eliza
beth when Ghana attained its in
dependence last March 6 as the
ninth member of the British
Commonwealth.
The opponents retort that with
Nkrumah occupying the castle,
the taxpayers will have to pay
for the construction of a new
and equally impressive resi
dence for the new British gov
ernor-general.
In the castle incident, and in
the decision to put Nkrumah's
head on the stamps and coins,
his opponents see signs of delu
sions of grandeur and hint that
Ghana is heading toward a dic
tatorship which might take eith
er a Fascist or an extreme left
ist slant.
Nkrumah said in his inaugu
ral speech that he would pursue
a pro-Western policy. He asked
Vice President Richard M. Nix
on, who represented President
Eisenhower at the ceremony,
for American cooperation.
Nkrumah's enemies say that
at one time he carried a Com
munist Party membership card
Nkrumah points out that it was
unsigned. He says he carried it
only so he could get into Com
munist meetings and learn about
Communist techniques. He de
scribes himself as a Marxian
Socialist. Both Britain and the
would work?
My brain, if I have any, is all
fuzzy, with foggy lines extend
ing in all directions. I'll be horn
swoggled if I'll back up on what
I wrote. Because, what I said is
the truth and a man cannot be
hanged for that.
So, if someone with an ounce
of brainpower does not come
forth and save the day then let
the day be buried. As if it could
be handled in that manner.
Say, why not put all the teen
age boys into the Army and all
the teenage girls in with the
WACS, WAVES and SPARS, or
female marines? That would
settle the whole thing. Let old
whiskered Sammy take care of
the problem. Then we could rest
easy till the next crop comes on.
How about that? He seems to
want to take over all other re
sponsibilities. Why not this one?
Andy L. Unger,
634 Pennsylvania Ave.,
Medford, Ore.
Clarkia
To the Editor. Even as late as
June there blooms in both Cal
ifornia's Sonoran Life Zones a
dainty, magenta-hued w i 1 d
flower into whose name is em
balmed history. It is Clarkia. It
honors Clark of the Lewis and
Clark Expedition. The writer's
favorite species is C. elegans.
Even in his boyhood, it was a
common wildflower over blocks
where now are Sacramento
homes, even business places.
Clarkia is a highly variable
plant. Lewis and Clark found
it where the Blackfeet hunted
elk in Montana. They also col
lected it in the Bitter Root
Mountains. Some species of the
genus can adapt themselves to
the high August temperatures of
the Sacramento-San Joaquin
Valley floor. Their tendency to
vary also is evident in height.
Some plants are but ankle-high.
Others, (as Kipling wrote of the
grave in Burma of "Lieutenant
United States regard him as a
Democratic-minded man and an
anti-Communist.
Nkrumah is 47. He is an elo
quent speaker. He has a thick
head of bushy frizzled hair.
He was born in a mud hut. the
son of a goldsmith. After he at
tended a Roman Catholic mis
sion school and Achimota Col
lege in the Gold Coast, a dia
mond-prospecting uncle gave
him the money to go to the Unit
ed States. Nkrumah entered Lin
coln University, near Philadel
phia in 1935. He took degrees as
a bachelor of arts and of sacred
theology.
Returns Home In 1947
After his .-graduation, he be
came an instructor in philoso
phy, and also took the degree
Congressmen Disagree
On Fallout Dangers,
Steps To Be Taken
Washington (CQ) Most
members of Congress, like their
constituents, admit they have
found no easy answer to the
problem of radioactive fallout.
A big majority of those who
have an opinion on the highly
technical issue of nuclear bomb
testing back President Eisen
hower's stand for continuing the
tests until a "general, controlled
and inspected" disarmament
agreement is reached with Rus
sia.
Congressional Quarterly in
terviewed 46 Senators and Rep-
sentatives a cross - section of
both parties after a Joint
Atomic Energy Subcommittee
ended two weeks of public hear
ings on the subject.
Twenty-five of the 46 said, in
effect, they thought they lacked
sufficient information either to
criticize or endorse the Admin
istration policy.
Some echoed Rep. Robert
Hale (R-Me.), who said, "The
whole thing scares me to death.
I think mankind has put its head
in the noose, but I don't see the
way out."
A few thought the talk of
radiation harm to present and
future generations is highly ex
aggerated. Rep. Wint Smith (R.
Kan.) said, "Some of this talk
about fallout danger might be
planted by the Communists."
Others suggested the gloomy sci
entists were "publicity-seekers."
Want More Facts
But the biggest demand, by
far, is for more scientific facts,
Editor Fasls To
Protest Atom Tests
Las Vegas, Nev. (ID Am
nion Hennacy, associate editor
of a New York Catholic news
paper, said today he planned to
picket the Atomic Energy Com
mission's office here and fast
until June 28 ip protest against
the summer series of nuclear
bomb tests near here.
Hennacy, associated with the
Catholic Worker in New York
City, Monday appeared before
the local AEC office carrying a
sign urging this country to halt
nuclear testing. He said he
would return to New York June
28 to refuse to take part in an
air raid drill July 12-14.
Esmith Sahib"), are "as high as
a tail man s chin.
Clarkia is significant to
flower lovers for its beauty, to
biologists because of elastic
adaptability, and to historians
because "Clarkia" alone with
Lewisia" are flower-names
ever to remind us that Thomas
Jefferson, one of our two bio
logically trained Presidents,
dreamed of a transcontinentally
powerful U.S.A.
C. M. Goethe
Seventh and J streets
Sacramento 14, Calif.
Counsel With ...
Mr. Insurance Fred Brennm
I f
Fred Brennan
Or Call
Mr. Friendly
Bill Fish
Phone SP-2-4940
MEDFORD
INSURANCE
AGENCY
27 NORTH HOLLY ST.
Pleased
of master of arts in anthropolo
gy at the University of Pennsyl
vania. After 10 years in the Unit
ed States, he went to London
and returned home in 1947 after
attending the London School of
Economics.
As soon as he got home. Nkru
mah got political. He was jailed
for taking part in strike riots
and later got a three-year prison
term for fomenting strikes.
While he was in prison, Britain
gave its colony a constitution
and held elections. Nkrumah's
party won a landslide victory.
The governor, accepting him
as a popular hero, released him
and he was made leader of the
native government, with powers
approximating those of a prime
minister.
fewer conflicting opinions. R'ep.
James W. Trimble (D-Ark.) said.
"I get confused as the devil"
when one scientist says he is
"not at all apprehensive" about
the effects of continued bomb
testing and another says the
tests already held will "serio
ly curtail or injure an' enormous
number of lives in future gen
erations." The demand for more fats
may be turned into Congression
al action. Rep. Charles S. Gub
ser (R-Calif.) plans to introduce
a resolution calling on the Unit
ed States to form separate inter
national panels of nuclear scien
tists and geneticists to measure
the amount of radioactive mat
ter in the atmosphere aniAo de
termine its effects on human
life.
For the same purpose. Sen.
Richard L. Neuberger (D-Ore.)
has a bill to create a National
Radiation Health Institute.
Fact-finding, though, is about
as far as any Congressman
wants to go. The poll turned up
almost no sentiment for a Con
gressional declaration of na-'
tional policy on the bomb tests.
Most Congressmen either en
dorse or are willing to accept
President Eisenhower's judg
ment on the matter.
Three of the 46 Congressmen
the poll said the United States
should stop testing hydrogen
bombs immediately and chal
lenge Russia to do the same
tiling.
This proposal, first made in
the 1956 Presidential campaign
by Adlai E. Stevenson, was en
dorsed June 10 by Rep. Chet
Holifield (D-Calif.), who headed
the two-week heading by the
Atomic Energy Subcommittee.
Backing this view. Rep. Roy
W. Wier (D-Minn.) said, "In my
district during the last cam
paign when I said Stevenson
was as right as a man can be,
the voters were apathetic. This
morning I got eight letters en
dorsing his stand."
Wier said, "I want to vote
now to stop these tests." His
view appears very much in the
minority, even among Demo
crats in Congress.
Senate Majority Leader Lyn
don B. Johnson (D-Tcx.) is on
the record as agreeing with the
President that "we cannot halt
nuclear testing without a mu
tual agreement and very strong
and very adequate safeguards."
Also in a minority in the poll
were two Representatives a
Democrat and a Republican
who said the United States must
continue nuclear tests indefi
nitely because Soviet Russia
cannot be trusted to keep a dis
armament agreement.
Rep. George W. Andrews (D
Ala.), one of the two, said, "I '
don't favor direct negotiation
with Russia on this matter, be
cause you can't trust those peo
ple fo keep their agreements
anyway."
(Copyrifht 1957,
Congressional Quarterly)
Whatever your Insurance
Needs,
We're Ready to Supply It,
But one more day
you delay,
Could be Too late
To Buy It
Bill Fish
- f -7