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About Medford mail tribune. (Medford, Or.) 1909-1989 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 6, 1945)
bew ' mm m rv n m n f0 fl . Medford United Press Fortieth Year Sen. Hiram Johnson Dies; One of Few Survivors of "Little Band of Willful" Washington, Aug. 6 (U.R) Calif., one of the few survivors who fought the League of Nations after he had reaffirmed his United Nations charter. The California elder states man, dean of senate Republicans, died in his sleep at Bethesda, Md., naval hospital at 6:45 a. m. EWT He would have celebrated his 79lh birthday on Sept. 2 Paired on Charter Johnson, who had been in ill health for several years, took lit tle part in the charter debate He telephoned his "no" vote, the first recorded, to the senate for eign affairs committee when it approved the charter. When the senate itself voted, Johnson was unable to be on the floor, but was paired against the charter, The other two survivors of the little isolationist group in the 1920 senate credited with frus trating the dream of President . Woodrow Wilson for U. S. lead ership in the League of Nations both voted for the charter this time. They are Sen. Arthur Cap per, D Kas., and Sen. David I V.'alsh, D., Mass. Johnson had been In the hos pital since July 18, three days after he cast his committee vote on the charter. During the past several years, he had been ab sent from the senate floor for long periods due to illness, v Thrombosis Cause Immediate cause of death wa, given as cerebral thrombosis. His wife, the former Minnie L. McNeal, was with him when he died, and his only remaining on, Lt. Col. Hiram W. Johnson. Jr., 55, was flying here from San Francisco. Funeral arrangements were not announced immediately. He was the second ranking member of the senate in terms of Continuous service. He had bcn a senator continuously since March 16, 1917, being outranked only by Sen. Kenneth McKcllar, D., Tenn. His death leaves vacancies on five senate committees. Most im portant was his position on the foreign relations committee, of which he was the ranking Re publican member and. in cv?nt of a change of administration, of which he would have been chairman. Other important committees of which Johnson was a mem ber were the commerce and na val affairs committees. He also served on the irrigation and rec lamation, and the immigration committees both vital to west coast interests. 11 New York. Aug. 6 CUP.) Four transports carrying more I than 11.000 troops from Europe were arriving today. The ships were the Sea Pike, the John Ericsson, the Santa Paula, and the Edward Bellamy- Aboard the Sea Pike were 2, 761 soldiers, members of the 1946th, the 1936th and the 869lh Quartermaster Truck companies: the 3130th, and the 3133rd Quartermaster Service com panies: the 435th Quartermaster Bakery company, and Infantry division reorganization detach ment "E." Wonder if Quake Caused by Bomb Washington, Aug. 6 iU.R There was a faint earth murmur on the seismograph at George town University last night at 6:22 p m.. the same day the first atomic bomb was dropped upon Japan from an American plane. University officials were re luctant however, to attribute the disturbance to repercussions from the powerful new explo sive. Mexico City. Aug. 6 UR It was rumored in financial circles today that United States inter-' rsts have offered to purchase thej Mexican railway or $11,000,000. Full Leased Wire Sen. Hiram Warren Johnson, R., of the "little band of willful men" in 1920, died today a few weeks life-long isolationism by opposing the ;M Hiram Johnson PETAIN DEFENDED Paris, Aug. 6 (U.R) Prince Xavier of Bourdon-Parma testi fied today that Marshal Henri Philippe Petain's orders caused the release of thousands of Frenchmen from concentration camps in central France. Prince Xavier, brother of Em press Zita of Austria and uncle of Archduke Otto, was the sec ond defense witness at the trea son trial of Potain, now in its third week. The Prince said that if Petain had not signed the armistice with Germany in 1940, Frenchmen would have suffered the same fate as the Poles. Gen. Charles Lacaille. the first witness today, testified that France had only 50 planes and no tanks in Indo-China for the defense of the country's colony in the far cast. YREKAN KILLED IN Yreka, Cal., Aug. 6 (U.R) Eugene N. Hcnrira, 40, of Yreka, was instantly killed last night when his automobile was struck by a Greyhound bus and plunged over a 200 foot embankment into the Shasta river near Yreka. Sheriff's deputies were told by Bus Driver George Garber, Med ford, Ore., and passengers that Hendra swerved to avoid hitting three cows which wandered onto the highway, just as the bus was passing him. The bus hit the car In the rear and plunged it over the cliff. Hendra's skull was torn off as the car rolled down to land right side up in the river. U. S. Sub Sinks 15 In 10-Month Trip Washington, Aug- 6 (U.R) The U. S- submarine Guitarro sank 15 Japanese ships in less than 10 months of operation against Japan's dwindling fleet, the navy revealed today. The Guitarro, which is now at Hunter's Point naval drydocks. San Francisco, Calif., undergo ing a routine overhaul, included in her bag two enemy cruisers, three destroyers, eight transports and cargo ships, and two tankers. NEGRO BANDITS BUSY Oakland. Cal.. Aug. 6 (U.R' Four negro bandits, armed with two tommy guns and two Ger man Luger pistols, robbed a Chinese gambling game here early today, taking between $15,000 and $50,000 from be- tween 50 and 150 Chinese. Dc- tails of the robbery, police said were indefinite because of re luctance of the victims to talk. JfefSTRIBUNE MEDFORD, OREGON, MONDAY, AUGUST 6, 1945 Governor Warren Faces Hard Work Picking Successor Sacramento, Cal., Aug. 6 (U.R) The death of Sen. Hiram John son in Washington leaves ap pointment of a new senator up to Republican Gov. Earl Warren and it appeared today that it would be one of the toughest choices the governor has had to make. It was considered unlikely that the governor would take the post himself. He has said he wants another term as governor, and in addition he has not been particularly friendly with Lt. Gov. Frederick F. Houser who would become governor if War ren resigned to enter the senate. The shortness of the unexpir ed term, less than a year and a half, also would affect the gov ernor's decision. Whoever is ap pointed will have to run in the 1946 elections to retain the post. One result of Johnson's sud den death probably will be to insure a large field of candidates in the primary election next June. San Fran Hotels Threaten Closing Of Dining Rooms San Francisco; Aug. 6 (U.R) Closing of all major hotel dining rooms in San Francisco by Aug 15 was threatened today unless the office of price administra tion grants additional red points. Joseph Sullivan, president of the hotel employers association, disclosed that a wire had been sent Chester owles, OPA head, flatly announcing the Intention of the restaurants to shut down unless a recent order drastically reducing meat points was re scinded. The wire was dispatched a week ago and no reply has been received, Sullivan said. Copies were sent Clinton Anderson, secretary of agriculture, and California's congressional dele gation. 1 5 FIRES STARTED Fourteen fires In Applegatc district and one near Union Creek, all started by lightning, were reported to the Rogue River national forest service headquarters here between 3 p. m. and 9 p. m. yesterday. All were under control this morn ing, the headquarters states. Three parachute Jumpers from Siskiyou forest patrol station were flown over and released near Whiskey peak to extinguish two close fires in that area. Many forest fires were reported" in coastal regions, the forest ser vice says. Mount Shasta, Cal., Aug. fl (U.R) More than 100 fires were set in national forests In north ern California today by a light ning storm, forest officials re ported. The blazes were scat tered through Klamath, Shasta Trinity, Modoc and Lassen for ests. Zone dispatcher Mervin Ad ams called the situation "serious" and said fighting aid was being asked from other sections. National City Fire Damage $300,000 National City, Cal., Aug. 6 U.R) Fire, which raged for seven hours through the industrial dis trict, was brought under control today after destroying two blocks of factories, government warehouses and. war plants. Wiped out were the National Research and Manufacturing Co., builders of parts for Consoli dated Vultee Privateer bombers, the Sperry flour mill and several warehouses storing supplies fori the navy. Total damage was es-j timatcd t "well over $300,000." 1 IKE TELLS NAZIS L BE Shortages of Food, Fuel, Housing and Transport Loom; Must Help Selves Berlin, Aug. 6 (U.R) Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower messaged the German people in the Ameri can occupation zone today that the coming months will be a time of trial, with shortages of food, fuel, housing and transport. But "you do not need to face the future without hope," Eisen hower told the Germans. "You can redeem yourselves both at home and in the eyes of the world through your own ef forts." Must Gather Wood Coal will not be available for heating their houses this winter, Eisenhower told the Germans, and they must gather wood from the forests for fuel. The Germans will be permit ted to form local unions and en gage in local political activity, with meetings subject to approv al by the military government. - "Full freedom to form trade unions and engage in democratic political activities will be ex tended rapidly in those areas in which you show a readiness for the healthy exercise of these privileges," Eisenhower said. "Your own actions will deter mine the time for removing the remaining -restrictions." . LUZON PATROLS Manila. Aug. 6 (U.R) Ameri can patrols worked their way through the wilderness of north ern Luzon today in the opening stages of a final mop-up in the Philippines campaign to finish off Japanese opposition now re duced to units of only company strength. Gen. Douglas MacArthur's communique announced that 4, 740 additional enemy dead were counted in the Philippines last week, with approximately 3,800 found on Luzon. B-25 Mitchell medium bomb ers and P-38 fighters on Friday dropped jellied gasoline, as well as high explosives, on Japanese positions in the Sierra Madrc mountains and in the Cordillera mountains. Girl Lost Five Days In Remote Forest Sonera. Cal., Aug. 6 (U.R) Lola Walker, 15, of Berkeley, Cal., today was resting in Tuo lumme hospital wher'j she was brought by five fishermen who found her after she wandered In a remote mountainous region for 51 days. Miss Walker was discovered sleeping in an abandoned camp near the Juncture of Cottonwood creek and Clavey river In Stan islaus National forest. Her clothes and her body were tern by the underbrush. Miss Walker became separated from her father, Theron Walker, while on a fishing trip. Forest rangers said she must have walked 30 miles. Servants Robbed Film Celebrities Hollywood, Aug. 6 (U.R) Movie colony celebrities today parad'-d through a police station seeking to identify missing valu ables among 28 crates of loot allegedly stolen by two servants in fashionable filmland homes. WILL TO LIVE FAILS TO SAVE CPL. NEWMAN Fort Worth, Tex., Aug. 6 (U.R) Cpl. Jim Newman, whose will to live despite Japanese barbar ity drew sympathetic bravos from a war-saddened nation, goes to a soldier's grave today. Jim Newman was only a shell of a man when he died at his parents Fort Worth home Friday night. But inside that shell was the heart of ( fighter a heart that kept him alive a month after doctori said he should have died.' United Pte Full Atom Bomb Test Reveals Gigantic Power Unleased Washington, Aug. 6 (U.R) The first test firing of an atomic bomb immediately vap orized a steel tower from which the weapon was sus pended and sent a massive cloud billowing into the stra tosphere with "tremendous power," the War department said today- "At the appointed time," an official description of the test said, "There was a blinding flash lighting up the whole area brighter than the brightest daylight. "There came a tremendous sustained roar and a heavy pressure wave which knocked down two men outside the con trol tower (10,000 yards from the explosion). "A huge multi-colored surg ing cloud boiled up over 40. 000 feet. Clouds in its path disappeared. "The steel tower (from which the bomb had been sus pended) had been entirely vaporized," the description continued. "Where the tower had stood, there was a hugu sloping crater." S FAN FIRE L ON TWO FRONTS Portland, Ore., Aug. 6 (U.R) Western Oregon's forest fire raged out of control on two fronts today as winds fanned the flames. On the Hcmbre ridge front at the southwest end of the main Wilson river fire, flames swept across fire lines and forced fight ers to retreat. Officials reported that the fire was within a mile of the Cook creek outlet on the Nchalom river and threatened rich tlmberland across the river. Some 150 specially trained fire fighters in the air forces were rushed from Portland and vicin ity to Reehers camp and Spruce Run where flames were report ed advancing. New volunteers were sent Into the Ferest Grove sector to con tinue battling for the city's wa tershed. Advancing beyond the 500-acre burn of Saturday, the flames were threatening to burn out the headwaters above the city reservoir. During normal years, more clinl.fti,,, clmlla nra 4irtA nf mh. bits than at any other Norlh American aamn The rnhtlit also furnishes more meat forj sportsmen than any other animal. Vast Possibilities of Atom First Vision'ed Early in 1940 Washington, Aug. 8 (U.R) The first knowledge that Ameri ca. 1 physicists had begun to cor ral atomic energy possibly the greatest scientific discovery of all time came to light in the spring of 1940. They extracted a minute quan tity of a substance which they called U-235 a close relative of uranium. It was hailed then as a powerful potential weapon for war and equally useful in peace time. Scientists at that time con cluded: One pound of U-235, If they had it and could harness it would be equal in power output to 5,. 000,000 pounds of coal or 3,000, 000 pounds of gasoline, roughly 400.000 gallons. One pound of U-235 would contain as much energy as 15,000 tons of TNT, or 300 carloads of 50 tons each. If this one pound of U-235 ex ploded within l10.000ths of second, as does TNT, the pres sure produced would be of 100, 000,000 atmospheres. This would be about 1,000,000 times the pressure produced by TNT or nytroglyccrinc, they estimated then. They calculated at that lime, however, that the explosion of such pound of U-235, would produce crater much less than 300 feel in diameter and probab Leased Wiri NO. 115. WAR PLANT HANDS FINALLY L EOF Richland, Wash., Atom Pro ject Covers 600 Square Miles 17,000 People Richland, Wash., Aug. 6 U.R) President Truman's revelation today of the atomic bomb gave 17.000 residents of this wartime village their first hint of what they were manufacturing at the vast Hanford engineering project some 30 miles away. The workers who came here from virtually all states in the union have good jobs and live in pleasant government-built homes on the banks of the Columbia river, but previous to the White House announcement they had no inkling of what brought them here. 400,000 Acres The enormous structures of fii rtrnWt nrp scattered over an area of more than 400,000 acres of central Washington between (t,a Vnlrlma 1-flnBP find the Col- umbia river. The plant was con structed by i. uuroni tie me jr. r whtrh also has the contract for operating the plant. Scientific research was done un der the auspices of Chicago University. The area owned or leased by the government amounts to more than 600 square miles, including the village of Richland which -was acquired for a housing de velopment and an administrative center. Plants Divided The manufacturing area Is .MhriivlHnH Into three huge areas and each of these in turn is sub divided into sections covering miles of ground. One of the il.rnA mnln nrens contains three large buildings where the mater ial Is producco. inc sccumu nnntni. Hi hnee chemical plants where the material is purified ana conwiiuii, the third area prepares the raw materials. The plant at Hanford is com posed of huge 800-foot rcctangu tnt. ,tf-,wfnrec "where enormous quantities of materials are handi ng iiirmiDh manv successive pro cesses with no human eye ever. seeing what actually goes on ex cept through a complicated scries of dials and panels. BASEBALL American League First game: Detroit fl 1! i f'iman 2 8 1 Benton and Swift; Lopat and Tresh- ly only 75 feet In radius. A chunk of 10 pounds of U 235, they said, would drive an ocean liner orasubmarine around the oceans for an indefi nite period for it would possess the power output of 50,000,000 pounds of coal or 30,000,000 pounds of gasoline. The story of the discovery of U-235 was unfolded in the May, 1940, issue of the Physical Re view, official publication of American physicists. German scientists were feverishly work ing on similar experiments at the laboratories of the Kaiser Wilhelm institute in Berlin. The Americans, however, had the advantage of working with powerful cycloton (atom smash ing) machines which the Ger mans did not possess. These ma chines were necessary In experi menting with the energies with in the nuclei (cores) of atoms. In the early experiments the scientists found that U-235 was inactive when left by itself. As soon as it touched water of ordi nary temperature it automatic ally would start to free Its en ergy. They reasoned that the water would be turned into steam and the steam would drive powerful turbines. A supply of new water would keep the pro cess going indefinitely. To stop it all that would be necessary would bt to turn off the water. Secret Weapon Has Greater Punch Than 20,000 Jons TNT Washington, Aug. 6. (U.R) The United Statei has unleashed against Japan the terror of an atomic bomb 2,000 times more pow erful than the biggest blockbusters ever used in warfare. President Truman revealed this great scientific achievement today and warned the Japanese that they now face "a rain of ruin from the air the like of which has never been seen on this earth." More and more of these devastating bombs, unlocking the vast hidden energy that lies within the atom, will tumble on Japan, if they continue to reject the Potsdam surrender ultimatum. Washington, Aug. 6 (U.R) For two and a half years now, as many as 125,000 Americans have been engaged in making the war's top secret weapons the atomic bomb. Few were aware of what they had been producing. Working at plants at Oak Ridge, Tenn., near Knoxville; Rich land. Wash., Hear Pasco: and an installation at Santa Fe, N. M., the workers have seen great quantities of material going into the plants, but nothing coming out as a finished product. The product is so small that it could be concealed from all but a very few. FIRST ONE DROPPED ON HIROSHIMA BASE The new atomic bomb was used for the first time yesterday. An American plane dropped one on the Japanese army base at Hiro shima. Its use marked victory for the allies in the greatest scientific race in history. We put $2,000,000,000 and the work of 125,000 persons into the project. A single bomb has more power than 20.000 tons of TNT. It has more than 2,000 times the blast power of the British "grand slam" bomb, the largest ever used previously in the history of warfare. Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson disclosed that an improved bomb would be forthcoming shortly that would increase "by sev eral fold" the present effectiveness of the new weapon. FIRST RESULT HIDDEN BY DUST AND SMOKE The war department said that it was not yet able to make an accurate report of the damage caused by the first bomb. "Reconnaissance planes state that an impenetrable cloud of dust and smoke covered the target area," an announcement said. "As soon as accurate details of the result of the bombing become, available, they will be released by the secretary of war." TOWERING FIRES LEFT IN WAKE OF Guam, Aug. 9. U.R) Tower Ing fires visible 150 miles swept through four Japanese cities after a 580-plane Superfortress raid today and Tokyo reported that a "small number" of B-29s struck at Hiroshima, an import ant Japanese army base 20 miles northwest of Kurc. Veteran B-29 crewmen return ing from their 3.850-ton pre dawn raid said they started tre mendous fires at the industrial centers of Macbashl and Nishi- nomiya-Mikahc on Honshu. Saga on Kyushu, Imbari on Shiknku and at the synthetic gasoline plant at Ubc. Tokyo Strafed Tokyo reported U. S. flghtcr bombers hit Tokyo and five sur rounding prefectures a few hours after the Superfortress smash. While the air war against Ja pan mounted in Intensity. It was disclosed officially the first con tingents of Canadian troops, ships and planes had arrived In the Guam area, marking Can ada's all-out entry Into the Pa cific war. Col. Richard S. Malone, di rector of public relations for the Canadian army, said Canada will field ?0,000 troops, all trained in Kentucky. They will use Ameri can arms, and will be supple mented by squadrons of the RCAF, in addition to at least 60 Canadian navy ships, including two aircraft carriers, two cruis ers, and numerous destroyers and frigates. 3rd Fleet Mystery The mystery of the where abouts of Adm. William F. Hal sey's 3rd fleet was heightened by a dispatch from United Press War Correspondent Ernest Ho berccht. It was dated "With the 3rd fleet In the Pacific, Aug. 5." The first sentence of the dis patch asked the $64 question Where's the 3rd fleet? "Both the Japanese and Amer ican radios have been asking that question today," Hobcrccht said. "We get a kick out of listen ing to their speculations about where our next blows will fall." Superfortress pilots reported the Japanese attempted to break up today's five-pronged B-29 raid with Jet fighters. Tapt Lawrence Bird. Maplcton, Utah, said he saw a Japanese Jet over Macbashl. "At first I thought It was a flare or a ball of fire. It came within 500 feet of our B-29." Mexico City, Aug. 6 (U.R) Representatives of the Chinese government said today they are making arrangements to buy $4, 000,000 worth of Mexican cloth and clothing for the Chinese irmy, , Great Achievement Development of the bomb, a victory of American scientists in a desperate race with Ger many, Is "the greatest achieve ment of organized science in his, tory Mr. Truman said In a state ment released at the Whits House. The United States, he added l now prepared "to obliterate more rapidly and completely every productive enterprise the an.vacn;e"haVe "bVe ground ultimatum issued to Japan at Potsdam was made "to spare the Japanese people from utter de struction." ihJ",the uI"matum was re- .,he aiomlc bomb was sent into action. Long a Secret Mr. Truman'. .1.1 . i j . nirineni, re leased while he still -...I route home by cruiser from Pots dam hfted the secrecy from one of the most closely-guarded en terprises of the war. No mention or atomic power or any possible use of It in warfare has been allowed under the newspaper and radio code of the office of censorship. Mr. Truman said that despite the vast multiplied potency of ho bomb, "the physical size of thu explosive charge Is exceed ingly small." Reviewing the fqarful potency of the new bomb, the president said he would recommend that congress consider the establish ment of an appropriate commis sion to control the production and use of atomic power within the United States. Atom Race Won Mr. Truman revealed that yes terday's use of the bomb sig naled an American victory in a feverish race with German scientists to find some way to harness and release atomic energy. Before 1939, he said. It was the accepted belief of sciertists that It was "theoretically pos sible" to release atomic eneruv. But no one then knew any prac tical way of doing it,' he said. By 1942, however, Mr. Tru man continued, "we knew that the Germans were working fe verishly to find a way to add atomic energy to the other en gines of war with which they hoped to enslave the world." "But they failed," Mr. Tru man said. The president said that this final harnessing of atomic ener gy might be used in the future to supplement the power that comes from coal, oil, and water falls, but said that at present "it cannot be produced on a basis to compete with them commer cially." Before that comes, he said, there must be "a long period of Intensive research." MP KILLED IN CRASH Camp Beale, Cal., Aug. 6 (U.R) Pvt. Kenneth K. Eubel, 21, a member of the post military police section here, was killed instantly yesterday when the car in which he was riding overturn ed on the Marysville-Grass Val ley highway. -
