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About The Hermiston herald. (Hermiston, Or.) 19??-1984 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 15, 1921)
New Nation Out of Oldest Land Supposed Site of Garden of Eden Included in Territory of Kingdom of Irak. SLICE TAKEN FROM TURKEY Under British Mandate and Arabian Rule the 8ection, Better Known as Mesopotamia, Is Expected to Regain Former Glory. Washington.—The Impending addl- lon of a new member to the family of latlons—the kingdom of Irak, to func- lou under a British mandate—Is men tioned In recent dispatches from Lon- Ion. How this "new" country Is In reality one of the oldest und most hls- »ric patches of the earth's surface Is told in the following bulletin from the Washington headquarters of the Na- tlonal Geographic society: "Irak has existed as a geographical lame for ages,” says the bulletin, “but n recent centuries It has hud little nore official sanction than ‘Manhattan’ ¡or the American metropolis or 'Frls- :o' for a thriving Pacific port. Yet It ¡overs more or less Indefinitely a re- flou known, and often famous, In (very age of man from the dawn of :raditlon to the present—the fertile >Ialn of the Tigris and Euphrates val- eys, where the Garden of Eden Is sup posed by many students to have been iltuated. Strip Irak o f Its alias; call t Babylon — Nineveh—Mesopotamia, ind It Is known to every school child. ing the golden age of Babylon, rapidly deteriorated. Splendid, Gay, Wicked Bagdad. "Under the Abbassld Caliphs, with a combination of Arabic und Persian culture, Bagdad was founded on the Tigris In the very center of the river plulu—the splendid, guy, wicked Bag dad of the Arabian Nights. Mesopo tamia’s prosperity, though much less, was still relatively great, and Bagdad was for awhile the metropolis of the world. Its Inhabitants at one time num bering 2,000,000 souls. “When the Turks got possession of the Caliphate and carried Its seat to the wfest, Bagdad withered; und under Turkish rule the Tigris und Euphrates valley entered into Its darkest period. Only a small percentage of the rich valley has for generations produced any crops. "After the Young Turks came Into power In 1008 reclamation work was undertaken in the Tigris and Eu phrates pluin and some heudway was made. Since the British occupied Bag dad in 1017 this work has been carried much farther. “It Is planned under the new Arab state and the mandate to continue the work of rejuvenutlng the country’s an cient Irrigation system. But there Is a Herculean tusk to be accomplished be fore ’the Garden of Eden' blooms again. It was estimated before the World war that the ambitious project of the Turks to reclaim 3,5011,000 acres would cost $130,000,000. The total area that might be Irrigated Is placed at about 12,500,000 acres.” London.—A minister has been found who Is willing to serve on the Island of Tristan da Cunha, according to the London Daily Mall. Rev. Henry Mar tyn Rogers, curate In charge at Alexton, Uppingham, Rutland, and his wife have volunteered to go to Britain’s loneliest pos session, Tristan da Cunha, a little Island In the South At lantic, to act as priest and schoolmaster. There are 119 in habitants of the Island, which is 1,512 miles west of Cape town and Is visited only once a year by a British warship, and on remote occasions by passing vessels. The Islanders have no Inws and know no crime. They do not barter, and during the whole of last year the only sum of money on the Island was 5s. Tea. cocoa and flour are rare delicacies. Women Fight Eagle, Save Tot. Homestead, Pa.—An eagle gave battle to Mrs. George Williams of this city and Mrs. B. Ruffing of Greens burg, when the two women attacked the big bird after it had seized Mrs. Williams' two-and-a-half-year-old daughter and was about to fly away with the child In Its talons. Mrs. Ruffing, armed with a club, came to the aid of Mrs. Williams, and the two, after several minutes of des perate battle, forced the bird to flight, though It hovered menacingly over them for some time. Barring deep scratches on her body, the child was uninjured. A Slice of Turkey. "The Country which It Is proposed » erect Into the practically lndepend- (ut kingdom of Iruk was placed under die mandate of Great Britain on the »reaklng up of the Turkish empire fol lowing the World war, and was gen- “rally spoken of as ‘the mandate for Mesopotamia.’ "It Is dlfllcult to exaggerate the ag- •lculturul paradise thut might be built ip In the lower valley of the two rlv- •rs, supplemented by the mineral Health taken from the regions farther lorth, If the country were under a itrong government, were peopled by ilert, educated lnhubltunts, und if the lecessary capital and modern ina- ¡liluery were available. Even with h e factors as they ure, the British, Hho will continue to hold the man- lute, and the Arubluns who will be In uimedlate charge of the government, ire counting on the rise of u state vhlch muy be compared without dlsad- ruutage with some of the great gov- irnmeuts that have occupied the land u the past. "To gain an Idea of what wonderful levelopmeut can be brought about In Mesopotamia one need ouly look Into lie pust. At the beginning of history he plain of the Tigris und Euphrates vus a garden-spot teeming with a well- led und wealthy people. If there wus i 'grandeur thut wus Greece and a (lory thut was Itome' there wus us xuly a spleudor that was Babylon, iud the splendor of Bubylon wus mude possible O.tXHJ yeurs ago largely by the Health thut sprung from the Intensive ¡ultlvation of the river pluin under a (Igautlc system of Irrigation which iven the most ambitious modern sys tems probably have failed in luanj Hnys to surpass. “Babylon's agricultural Utoplu was lot a short lived affair, but continued lor nearly ten times us long us the period which l i a s passed since white neu settled In America. The country hrove with only minor Interruptions inder Babylonluns, Assyrians, Chai- leans, Greeks und Romans, But always h e settled civilization of the agricul turists wus threatened by the turbu lent hill people to the north and east. Finally the Parthlaue captured the ¡ountry and were followed by the Per- ilans. Under these more barbarous •ulers the great Irrigation systems, »ven then much less efficient thuu dur Study Ways to Better Leather Noted Chemists in Conference to Discuss Improved Processes of Tanning. LOWER PRICES MAY RESULT Plan to Hasten Tanning Procesa W ith out Sacrificing Quality— Promi nent Foreign Chemists to Take Part in Meeting. New York.—Shoe prices may trend downward as a result of new proc esses of tanning based on studies of electrical discharges and other unusual factors, which will be discussed by the leather chemistry section of the Amer ican Chemical society. The notable progress made In Amer ican tanning has gained such recogni tions abroad that sessions of the sec tion will be attended by the largest number of European leather chemists which has ever come at one time to the United States. Some of these experts will also at tend the meeting of the Society of Chemical Industry of Great Britain, which, after convening with Its Cana dian section, will cross the border to confer with Its American branch and to hold a Joint session with the Amer ican Chemical society. The leather clienilstry section of the American Chemical society will meet ut Columbus university. At Its session will lie discussed revolutionary meth ods by which the tanning of hides can be hastened without the sacrifice of quality. The saving of time and the releasing of large sums of money from its Investment In raw material thus would have the tendency to stabilize and, perhaps, eventually to lower leuther prices, American chemists be lieve. One of the marked Influences In the sessions will be that of Alfred Sey- Vast Amount of Gold Gathered Here Called Most Beautiful Spot in Chicago Loneliest British Isle Has No Laws. No Crime mour-Jones, the first president of the International Association of Leather Trades Chemists. He co-operated with Lord Allerton in forming the leather Industries department of the Univer sity of Leeds, long reputed to be the greatest leather school lu the world. Foreign Chemists to Appear. Another prominent figure in the leather industry of Great Britain, who will address the section, Is Joseph Turney Wood. He Is the discoverer of processes of tanning In which pan- creatln Is used Instead of the crude and obnoxious mixtures employed by the old-time Journeymen tanners. Mr. Wood was the first secretary of the So ciety of Leather Trades Chemists. Some of the noted foreign chemists whose papers will be read If they can not appear In person ure Prof. H. R. Procter, affectionately known as the father of leuther chemistry, who was long Identified with the University of Leeds; Dr. E. Schell of Havre, France, and Flnl Enua o f Copenhagen, Den mark. How tanning as a science has ad vanced In recent years Is shown by the fact that umong those who are to ad dress the leather chemistry section is Dr. Jacques Loeb, a noted Americun biologist connected with the Rocke feller Institute for Medical Research, Original and novel methods of tan ning based upon the studies ot elec tricity will be described by John Ar thur Wilson of Milwaukee, chairman of the leather chemistry section. Ills discoveries have been termed revolu tionary. His researches have shown the reasons for the chemical changes which take place In the tanning process ns distinguished from meth ods which rested merely upon ancient traditions. Although tanning Is one of the oldest arts In the world, It has not come under control of scientific re search to the extent that many other Industries have. It Is expected that the papers of Mr. Wilson nnd of other leather chemists of the pioneer class will cause an earnest and heated dis cussion. Studying Electrical The lagoon In Lincoln park, which la the home of the Chicago Yacht club, la said to be the most beautiful spot In Chicago. It Is located off Sheridan drive at Roscoe street. At the extreme right may be seen the Sherldnn Road Irlve and next to It the bridle path. The old schooner at the extreme right of the photograph Is the club's house and )ffice. In the distance can be seen the Lincoln Park golf course. Ohio Town Is Being Moved Ml Buildings of Osborn to Be Taken to New Site to Prevent Flood. LAWYER CRACKS HARD NUT Problem of How to Preservo- Cor porate Exletence of Town and at Same Tim e Deetroy Its Very Exletence Aroused Interest. Dayton, O.—The town of Osborn, 0., Is moving. The story, briefly told, Is this: In March, 1913, the Great Miami river and Its tributaries overflowed their banks. The resulting flood was the worst in the history of the Miami valley. It Is known as the Dayton Rood. Hundreds of lives were lost, ind the financial loss aggregated hun- lreds of millions of dollars. When the people recovered after the shock of the disaster and looked the situation over, they decided that they would prevent future floods, cost ichat It would. Experts were ordered io find a way to keep the waters of the Great Miami, Mad river, Stillwa ter river, Wolf creek, Big Twin creift ind smaller tributaries confined to their several banks. The plan finally adopted contem plated a series of dams across the streams. This simple method of con trolling the flow during floods prom ised the protection aiified nt. The lams would hold the water back, »mlttlng Just enough to fill the river led below, and no more. Under this plan the water would lack up behind the dams for miles, llllng the whole valley between the bordering hills. These spaces were ¡ailed “dry reservoirs," which means that In seasons of normal flow the and bordering the stream would be Iry, while in flood times It would be submerged to a depth of many feet. All homes located in the dry reser- rolrs, all buildings of every descrip tion, all towns and villages, mills and •very form of structure; In fact, any thing nnd everything that may be Inmaged by water must be moved to llgher ground. . Village Must Be Moved. The village of Osborn, with a popu lation of 1,000, was In one of those "dry” reservoirs. It was necessary to nove IL It was an old town and one it the most attractive and most beau tiful in Ohio, with hundreds of won- lerful shade trees, many churches, a splendid high school, great flouring HONORS DAD’S MEMORY Discharges. Closely associated with Mr. Wilson In his Investigations Is Prof. Arthur W. Thomas, whd Is making Important studies of the relation of electrical dis charges of materials used In tanning to the manufacture of leather. His laboratory Is lu Haveiueyer hull, Co lumbus university, where the sessions of the leather chemistry section are to be held, in It Is unique and costly equipment provided from a special fund given by a well-known Milwaukee tanner. The results of these researches are made available, however, for the entire tannlug Industry. Dn a bench In this laboratory, occu pying an area of a square yard. Is what Is reputed to be the smallest tannery In the world. With It compli cated processes of tanning are perfect ly conducted although on a miniature sval<\ Treasury officials weighing bars of gobi In the United States assay office In New York. In this building Is about 250 tons of gold In tans and coin, ap proximately one-fifth of the world's supply of the precious metaL It 1« worth lljaki.ouo.wu. zens will continue to occupy their homes In the new location. The work of removal Is simple, al though It will take months to complete IL Every house In Osborn has been numbered. The place where each building Is to go has been similarly numbered In the new location. When the day comes to remove any particu lar building, It will be raised with power Jacks, broad rollers placed un der It, the building lowered onto the Ten Dollars a “ Stick Up” rollers, a powerful tractor hitched to Is Scale for Assistants It, nnd away It will g o t and before night It will be dropped on Its new Ten dollars a "stick up” Is location. the scale offered by New York If the occupants so desire, they can city holdup men for assistants, remalu In the houses, and the Interior or “swabbers,” according to a arrangements will scarcely be dis story detectives say they ob turbed. tained from Gerald Clair of Den The actual work of removal Is be ver, Colo., held for complicity ing started. Every legal Impediment In the robbery of two cigar to the scheme has been overcome. stores. Without statutory law, without legisla According to detectives, Clair tive enactment, without ordinance, said he held a revolver while without precedent to guide him. Law his employer rifled the cash reg yer Rice worked out a plan whereby isters. The two robberies for the town of Osborn could be moved which Clair Is said to have re to a location a mile and a half away ceived $20, totaled $100. without destroying Its corporate ex istence, or interrupting for a moment Its corporate rights and privileges, as mills, whose products had a national defined under the laws of Ohio. reputation, waterworks, railways and SAVED U. S. $10,000,000 scores of good residences. When It became known that all of these had to be removed, or demolished, the In habitants were very much distressed. Every expedient known to lawyers was resorted to to prevent the sacri fice. But the courts held that the law, which created the Miami conservancy district, the corporate body charged with the flood prevention work, con ferred all of the powers which were asserted. How to preserve the corporate exist ence of the town of Osborn, nnd at the same time destroy Its very existence, became the problem of the ablest law yers of the state. Finally a village lawyer, Morris Rice, unknown to fame until then, hit upon a way to save the towrf as a corporate entity. He found nothing In the law books to guide him. Nevertheless, he brought the question to the courts, where he de manded an Interpretation of the word “contiguous.” The existing law of Ohio authorized towns, d tles and villages to extend their corporate limits to “contiguous” territory. Mr. Rice argued that the town of Osborn had the right to extend its corporate limits to suit Itself and that the physical shape of the extension slves. These munitions, T. N. T. and could not be defined by law. He pro picric acid are now being used In road posed to take into the corporate limits building and for distribution among of the village of Osborn, as It then ex the farmers. Major Connolly Is here isted, an addition four hundred feet shown burning modified T. N. T. I f wide and a mile and a quarter long, th.s were dynamite, the major as wall at the extremity of which addition the as the photographer would be counted plat broadened to Include sufficient among those missing. area to accommodate the buildings of the town as they then were. NEW YORK EATS MOST SPUDS Opposing lawyers laughed and Jeered at the novel theory, but the City Leads World as Potato Consum court did not. It handed down a de er; Chicago Ranks Second, Fol cision which upheld every claim of lowed by Philadelphia. Lawyer Rice. Accordingly the town of Osborn ex New York.—New York Is the great tended its corporate limits by laying est white potato consuming center In out a new addition distant a mile and the United States, it was announced a half from the old town, and con by the bureau of markets and crop es necting the new site with the old by timates of the United States Depart a strip four hundred feet wide and ment of Agriculture. An average of more than a mile and a quarter long. 19.263 cars of white potatoes were The entire town will be moved to the unloaded here every year for the last new location, with the exception of a five years, Chicago stands sceond, few large brick buildings, and the big with 11,510 cars, followed by Phila mills, which latter have been reserved, delphia with 8,807, Pittsburgh with and will remain as they are. 6.929, SL Louis with 2,943 and Kansas A ll Property Rights Acquired. City with 2,726. In order to accomplish the removal The city's potatoes come mostly In an orderly way the “Osborn Re from upstate and Maine. The state moval company” was Incorporated un supplies 5,926 cars and Maine 3,048. der the laws of the state of Ohio. This Practically the entire supply of the company purchased outright from the Intermediate crop is furnished by New Miami conservancy district every Jersey, which ships 2,048 cars to this building in the town, except those city. mentioned. The Miami conservancy district had previously “condemned’' and had appraised all the buildings of O.K.’S NEW SAM BROWNE BELT every description In the village, and had paid for them In cash. Pershing Favors United States Design, The Osborn Removal company Which Provides Two bought and paid for all the buildings. 8trapa. * Title to the real estate did not pass, but remained la the name of the Washington.— A new type of Sam Miami conservancy district. It Is the Browne belt, for wear by army officers, present and future task of the Osborn with two straps, one over each shoul Removal company to transport the der, has been designed by the quarter buildings from the old town to the master general and approved by Gen new location. In every instance the eral Pershing. A War department an persona who now occupy the buildings nouncement described the belt as hav will be given preference In repurchas ing two straps, removable pistol ing them after the work of removal is slides, flrst-ald pouch, canteen, double effected. This plan has been accepted magazine pocket and saber attacb- by the cltlaens of the village, and It Is ment, thus differing distinctly expected that a majority of the dtl- that now being worn. Still Live In W ar Dugouts. Dvtnak. Latvia.—Hundreds of fam ilies In the war-devastated territory about Dvlusk are still living In the dugouts used by German and Russian soldiers In the early days of the war. IJttle or no progress toward recon struction has been made la the scores of razed villages because of the pov erty of the people who for a long tints King George of England unveiled after the war between Russia and Ger this statua of his father. King Edward many ended were under IlolahevIK ITH la London recently. The rule.
