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About The gazette-times. (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 20, 1914)
A 6 ITOMTC AKD "FARM MAGAZINE SECTION Orchard and Garden Raising Black Caps SOIL for the berries should be fair ly fertileree from Bod or roots, such as quack or blue-root grass and all foul weeds. Plow rather deep, and harrow until the earth is perfectly fine and pliable. Too much manure has been known to bring on "the yellows," a disease fatal to berry plants. And let it be said right here, if any yellow plants are ever discovered thoy should be pulled up at once and promptly burned. Mark the ground with a corn marker three feet each way. Set every row one way, and every other one the other way making the rows three feet by six feet ' Plants should be set as soon in the spring as they are large enoughsay from four to six inches High. Put them in deep; six inches is a good depth. They must have a good, firm rooting to help the heavy plants withstand the hard winds the following years. Cultivate and hoe often enough to keep the field free from weeds. The more often the soil is stirred the greater will be the yield. In a dry sea ton frequent cultivation draws the moisture to the surface and helps to tide the plants over until the Tain eomes. Sod will soon "run out" berry brashes. Keep the land level and clean. If no young plants aro wanted for the next year this ' finishes the first season. If, however, new sets are de sired, either for home use or for sale, this is the way to get them. By the way, plants in the spring sell all the way from $3 to $10 a thousand, ac cording to supply and demand. , Early in Septembeabury the ends in the ground about two inches. A trowel makes a good tool for this purpose. In the spring sever the young set, where it is four or six inches high, from the mother plant. Trim all the other ends on the old plant as far back as they are dead. Cultivate frequently as long as it can be done without injuring the ripening fruit, perhaps until two or three weeks before picking time. During the time that the crop is be bing gathered the canes for next year 's harvest will be getting tall. The patch will need to be gone over several times during July and August and the ends of the canes snipped off to about three feet high, in order that new shoots may come out to make larger, healthier bushes. After the crop is harvested, take out the old bushes with a long-handled, ihort-bladed knife, made for the pur pose, being earefui not to harm the young canes. However, if there are too many young canes in a hill, reduce the number to four or five. If well cared for a patch will last six yean. that there is no waste of the products removed from the trees. There is no set rule by which one can gauge the eulling-out, but it is difficult to overdo the matter, since the fruit will grow so much before harvest time. Usually it is safe to pull every piece of fruit that shows the Jeast signs of worms or the blight of decay, since such fruit either will drop off the tree be fore picking time or prove worthless for storage or marketing purposes. If Buch products as those mentioned above are left on the tree, they are apt to cause all the fruit to be contami nated by decay or become infested with worms and thus ruined. By getting all these undesirable pieces of fruit out of the way that which is of good qual ity will have a better chance for proper development, while it is a loss of the tree's vitality to sustain and develop a greater quantity of fruit than it can properly nourish, or to promote the growth of worthless or inferior pro ducts. It should be mentioned that the fruit produced where thinning has been thorough and earefui is not only of superior quality for Btorage and home consumption, but it will command a premium price on any market. These two points, together with the promotion of a longer and more useful life among the fruit trees, should commend the thinning o' fruit to all farmers. Flowers on the Farm WHEN the farmer, with up-to-date methods for land cultivation, ap plies them in beautifying the farm home or yard, he will have done much toward solving the problom of keeping the boys and girls in the country. There is one way to beautify his grounds that is within the reach of every farmer. That is the planting of flowers. It is better to use good taste in se lecting a few standard varieties than to experiment with the rarer but less hardy plants. For the May flower bed or border, tho colens is indispensable. It has no flower, its chief claim to beauty lying in the dark reddish, or vari-colored leaves. The Bo-called "Joseph's Coat" is another good foliage to use in massed beds. Among hardy bloomers is the eanna, with broad, graceful leaf and crimson blos som. The canna bulb may be set out as soon as the frost has left the ground. In combination with violets, the vel vety pansy presents a scheme of deep rich color. When the violets cease blooming the foliage salvias can be used as a "fill-in." If the old-fashioned garden, with its indiscriminate flower massing, in pre ferred, a host of flowers, dear to our grandmothers, presents itself. Holly hocks, cosmos, larkspur, poppies, peren nial phlox, sweet Williams and pinks breathe the very essence of old-fashion-edness. In order to have success with any flower two things are necessary, cul tivation and a sufficient suply of ma nure. In extreme hot weather a straw mulch about the roots serves as a good retainer of moisture. There will be very little trouble caused by insects on out door plants. In ease there is, a pre pared tobacco extract serves as a good remedy. Different flowers call for soils of varying richness, but with judicious fertilization, a comparatively rich soil may be obtained. The best fertilizer, well-rotted manure, should be worked into the- ground every year after the flowers have ceased blooming. iRACTICE clean cultivation in th orchard from the beginning if pos sible. It means better care in M many other ways. It means better ac quaintance with every tree in the orch ard, and consequently better attention to its needs. In particular, it means lew hnrers and in localities where they ara troublesome this is a very important point If Rhunlntelv impossible to cultivate, on account of the steepness of the land, then practice the so-called so-cuuure method: that is. mow the crass ml weeds which grow on the land, and leava them for a mulch about the trees. Dormant Sprays PBOFESSOB C. H GILLETTE of Ft. Collins, Colorado, in speaking of dormant sprays for orchard trees, says it is difficult to recommend-the best sprays without knowing the par ticular insects or diseases that are to be treated. However, strange it may seem, it is a fact nevertheless that many fruitgrowers spray without spraying for some particular reason, but simply because their neighbor is spraying with something for something for which the grower may have or may not have. The fruit-grower should never spray with out spraying for Borne particular pur pose, some pest or some disease, and he should know the remedy he applies is the best that can be used for the pur pose. Professor Gillette reeommends lime and Bulphur as a dormant spray especially good for the destruction of brown mites, red spiders, San Jose scale and other scale. Professor Gillette also states that lime and sulphur la not of much value in controlling plant lice and of no service in controlling codling moth. While all fruit-growers probably know that lime and sulphur is of no valui in controlling codling moth, there are some who are inclined to believe it will kill plant lice.- Professor Gillette has carrier on a very extensive work in reference to eontroling of plant lice, therefore his opinion Bhould be of grca value. CLEAN CULTIVATION. Proof of Excellence will be given anyone who tries a ean of Crescent Baking Powder. It raises the dough and does it perfectly. If You Eat eaka or biscuits, read Bulletin No. 103, U. 8. Dept. of Agri culture. Learn the truth about aluminum com pounds in bak ing powder. Ask us for copy. CRESCENT MFG. COMPANY BeatUe.Wash. Lewis Audible Speed Indicate! A speed indicatof that attaches to any make of cream separator. Eings a bell until tho right speed is reached, then audibly click and at overspeed Is silent. By mail, postpaid, $3.25. De scriptive circulat On request COLUMBIA DAIRY SUPPLY COMPANY PONT CARD. OMOON Quantity and Quality MILE to many it will seem a waste to pick a part of, the fruit from the trees and discard it, yet, with few exceptions, that is what should be lone. Of eourse, where the tree Is bear ing only a light crop, little or no thin ning of the fruit iB neeesf-ry, but most trees bear too much rather than too little fruit, to fcrm a crop of the proper quantity and quality. The idea in thin- sing is that it is better to have a tree bear two large, healthy, well Savored pieces of fruit than three knotty, diseased, ill-flavored ones. When thinning out the fruit we utilize the uIU for feeding hogs and poultry, so To skim closer (warm or cold milk) than any other cream separator in the world. That's a strong guarantee, but it is made 'only after the Iowa lias demonstrated ite superiority as a close ana thor ough skimmer in competitive tests all over the country. In test alter test the lUWA lias r f 1 1 1 a. I 'J i 1 ' I . . . 1 carried on uie nonurs not uy ootiuuin or uy iuck but because it proved itself to be the best machine over all others. The Iowa is get ting all the cream for thousands and thousands of farmers, many of them in the Northwest. These users like the Iowa and those who have had experience with other The Patented Carved Disc IOWA Bowl Skims to a Trace. The Iowa bowl is a oositive guarantee of all the cream under anv and all conditions. It is the result of years of eXDerience In building cream separators and is fully protected bv patents. In all other particulars the Iowa is richt uo to standard. It has a low non-sDksh suddIv carT It is easily cleaned and free running. Its eearino- is entirely enclosed In the metal baseX that is dust and water proof. These gears are so perfectly made and the oiung is so thorough mat tnoy are practically wear proor. Low Prices Bi? Inducement The Iowa prices are extremely reasonable and the Iowa guarantee is so broad that no dairy larmer snouia nesiiaie ro provide himself with an Iowa, get all the cream and save the constant lpss caused by poor sepa raters. 1 makes say the Iowa is far the best investment in cream separators ft dairy farmer can make. Write us today (or cmStationa oti the Iowa Separator. It will glv6 tw pleasure, to make prices and places yon under no obligation to us. . Please mention this paper.. Portland.Or. Spokane, Wash. Boise, Ida.
