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About Oregon City enterprise. (Oregon City, Or.) 1871-188? | View Entire Issue (June 20, 1873)
J o r o L ORIGINAL DEFECTIVE o o o o o Si (i iiif 11 JF W Jw' W W I y ,1 111 lay .mm x ir . N . m B a E a w ; a mm y m feu is sus el a m wx VOL. 7. 1.1 U. Fas A LOCAL DEMOCRATIC NEWSPAPER V O T II K rarmer, Basinrss Man, i Family Circle. O ISSUED F.VEP.Y FRIDAY. ITOK A XI) P UBL IS UK 11. OFFICIAL PAPSSTOS CLACKA1IAS CO. i,-FirF.-In Dr. Tliossln.s Trick, next th of SiilMrriiJlioni r,.v On- Y-r. In Advance ...?2.r.O .... l." Six Months Terms of Adverti-iinC s . .. lv.-rti't-iii' iits, iiioliKliTig oiu inn, :'' ;;:ir Ilillt " .pialt' r Cant, 1 Mtair. ono ye nr.... O (I.ATK OK ILLINOIS.) o ri'.VSinVN AM) Sl'RGEON, ultimo a tv. o nun ox. u-t-WII. r i-nn.l iromi.tly to calls ilurJns :a!h';rni:H,us,-,tnit. maim.., tA. V7ATX!r23, SV1. D., I'L,.5 --..'1 a!.: r sir.-t. It.-siUcnco cra.-r of !:ua ana Vfiil II si n-i'i.-.. 7vW.i & Thompso-i, O ovvh-k is -AuJuUL. FELLOW- TEMPLH, O J e'..rn, rf Fir.-:, ami ALU r Silvers, . or;Kia)N. IMltI'I.AM B-WiM ije i: 'r -on " s'ltulV,;'-vs- b. ay i-i, at. O C:iAS. . WAKHF.N. - m. H m A r Tl At.or n cy s-a t- L aw , fc -o : l 1 1 ' K i ' ! i ' r m ' o - s It i e k, M a in Bt . ;") 1 1 1 a r I -''- I AT71MINEYS AM) riirNSHLMS AT-LAV.'. Oregon St if si. '.-i ll afo i.tH.a i-.v. n O. oiMMlil fie I" S. l.an.l .y-- ' T '.a CUV. . . 1 1 r 1 . J-1 ATTOSH2Y-AT-LAV, ( ) r 1' : s Tin St r Main UliniirT ;-U. KtP' I. still in tui: nr. LD! WIL'JAWS &. HARDIKC, A." TllK L I N C 0 I : B A K V , RKKl'l'iTK M-T riiMl'l.i'n'. Si I M K ..1 l-'unoly . ir.ir ri.'s t o t .an.l in t li" n . All U'l'iiN war. init'd. lo.uls I. T l v -r I i a i lio .-a v tr.-c it catj.'-. Tin- Higo. st t-a!i l.rie ari-'iiiii ry i r.n. r -.i hi l ity, '.tan li US, l J. T. APPSRSOW, oi-tick in I'osioKricK r.nr.piNc;. 1"IC'I. I.or:il TMnlirs. Cl.ir1iim.n t'oiitity Or. 1'h ami (Iivjiph t'iCy UrdiTs LOTJGHI AND SOLD. MOTARV PUBLIC. Loans n- t ial .!. Collect inns attendeil o, suul a U. ii' Ml Ur. .k.-ay;o buinoss oarried mi. jaatitf. W. II. IIKiHFIELD. IMnhli.iiril inrr i'., t t!l stand. ?J:iin S!ri'!i,Or.-saa lit v. Orrcon. iisw.r'i.iiT.t fif w at !i". .I.v. l i.v . : 1 1 1 . 1 S. Til I'll' ii a as' V.i!a . '!-k all nt which arc warrant! i! t. be as r.-pr.'n-iit .'.i. n' Ic-p.i a ing i tunc ai short notioi", asivj hanklal t.r iat pMtri.nat :, 5 rT Q rr p I a I 5V1 E L L S, Savior LaKociiuo cc To. Orcgcn City. K.'co c..:istantly en tiarcJ for sat Flour, Viiiii'irss. Plan :iiu1 ('iin-l-vcn 1'ei il. Parties : i;rcha!iig tci-U miet I'jirnU'a tie- jack. JOHN 31. IJACO.X, . 1 MPi HtTFU ANItPKAl.KP. slJ 'i f-Niiis, sia;km-y, jvrlain- f r.v. to., etc. Ort-on City. Ore.iT"". O :?At fhennnn A SVnrncr's n) tand, ty occi;;.i''d by s. Ackcinan, Main st. -NOTAIIY PUIS .LIC. ENTERPRISE CFFICL UEt;OX ( ITY. T or tho very bost pV.otoSraphs. s.1tnP,ral y .t P. ilofsi.irs (Jal ry without ST MP.S Klevator, 4C1 Montiomrv ot, 4n Francisco, California. " :rai . a v .j j - i-a - Ti 111 ra PTH u re" fSi J C.T .1 LSra B Lau 2.ro i.e.) 1JII.IMI G'l.lHI 1 .SH l'J.IV - L1 I'Li-'l Majority llepurt of th? Committee o: Commerce. Tlie following is tlie report of the Committee on Commerce, to tlie Farmer's Convention which met at Salem last week, which wasadopteil: For commercial, advantages Ore gon is behind no State in the Union, hoth for foreign and domestic trade. The great river of the West which sweeps along her nothern boundary, with its large tributaries passing through fertile valleys, affording over a thousand miles of navigable waters, and with the great improve ments which Lave been, arid which we may reasonably expect Avill be. made upon the shoals and rapids, will give facilities and cheapness of transportation, if properlv guarded, nowhere else enjoyed on the Pacific slope through to an extended inland cour.tr v. Tlie steamboat waters within her dominions, with a system of railroads completed, terminating at the open sea, within her own bor ders, will place Oregon in a high commercial position, and. give to the producers the relief from the enor mous expense and waste to which they have been subjected from the indirect way in which our commerce and trade has been carried on. pro vided tlie right course be pursued hi the future. Your committee would at the out- set lay down this proposition: that j any mate or country having within ner own oomers a good Jiaroor v. lih a safe and easy entrance, with a ca pacity to accommodate foreign and domestic trade, that it is of vital im portance to that Stare or eoimtry that she pursue a policy encouraging a trade with foreign count ri"s, so that all foreign articles consumed may be brought directly within her ! J .1 own uomam irom tne ducing them, and t lint all art: M-S ( .t I export may thus be sent direct"; y to the best markets. The harbor at the month of the Columbia river gives to the State of Oregon these advan- tages. It. is sufficient in .Teeth of j water on the bar and capacity within I to aceommdate the trade of a hu g.1 empire. It is easy of access, ;md a safe entiance without delays, pro- vided a good and efficient boat is jn attendance at the bar, which should without fail always be the case. Ships of 2.000 tons burden, drawing 21 or 22 feet of water, pass in and out without difficulty full freighted.. In fact it may be considered cr,o' among tlie best, harbors on the con tinent: Out of the 2H2 vessels which carried wheat from San Francisco to foreign countries during the year 1S72, but two ships tool; out larger cragoes than the Zouave from, the mouth of the Columbia river. No wrecks have been ma le at the en trance of the harbor dicing the c-:' ployment of a tug boat, ami ie'.Vi wic';s within the last twenty yea than at any ether harbor where l! it- sanif Tiuv lvpo poin l i 1 1 1 of shippii ; 3..I - pa . facts sire si -own by statistic is made by a con leittee si dbv the Chamber of Comm. n at A-doria. t-. winch report your. mittee Avould illVltl t r e sittentioii i f the members of this Convention. The question may be sighed, is As toria the ro;.(.r place for tho ex change of ocean suul inland com merce, or is some other point up. n tlie river more ;ul smtagoous for our commerces' Your committee unlies itatingly iuinvcr Astoria is the ;aee designated by nature and the laws of trade for the exchange of com merce for the Columbia, Ilivcr Val ley, and for these reasons: i irst, the Columbia river, above Tongue point, is so obstructed by bars siinl shoae-i that .- hijis su.cli as can be employed most protHsxbly in foreign traile, carrying large cargoes, cannot pass sit any season of the year, or under any circumstances. The large chiss of shi2s which carrh d wheat ti) foreign ports during the pa-t season, sifter sill expenses ot' towing and pilotage up and down the river, suH'ering dehiys by gror.iling and in waiting for high ti..es to tioat them over lints ami bars, had finally to take in from one third to one-half of their cargoes ai Astoria, lightered to them by steam- noats or bsirges from Portland. Other good reasons may be given. Several times since the settlement of the country the Columbia river hits been blocked with ice f ;r weeks at a time, so that no vessel could ascend the river so that trade and commerce was stopped, and the coasting steam ers from San Francisco have had to discharge at Astoria, without receiv ing cargoes in return. "What has so frequently lmppene.1 will most likeiv happen again, but with railroad ter minus at the open sea such a check to trad.1 and commerce cannot occur. Your committee are satisfied that a persistent effort to make nnv other place the commercial depot tli-in the mouth of the Columbia river will be vitally injurious to the best interests of the State, debarring her from 'si successful foreign trade, an.l would keep her a she now is. in the back ground, tributary to other States possessing no better p-orts than her own, and with less natural commer cial sulvstnragvs. In view thereof, of the foregoing facts, your committee would recom mend to the farmers of Oregon to transport their surplus produce di rect to the seaport, especially their wheat and other heavy produce, there to await shipment to "the best market at the least possible expense and handling, keeping it under their own control until timilly sold. P.y 'hieing cargoes of wheat in store sit Astoria, the freighting to that point may be reduced 15 or 20 cents per cental, and the charter of ships to tstke it to a foreign market may be obtained, on much more reasonable terms than were obtained during the past s. reason. Your committee are of .pinion that the commercial in- the opinion terests of the Stsite arc not sufficient OREGON CITY, ly understood and cared for by our law makers, and Ave would suggest that the State, as soon a practicable, should cause to be placed upon the Columbia liver bar a powerful and well equipped tug boat, wholly own ed by the Slate, with n competent corps of pilots, with pilotage so re duced as br only pay the running expenses of the tug and the monthly wages of the pilots employed by the State. There exists no good reasons i why the pilotage should be left to the pilots as u source of revenue. The tug-boat should not be permit ted to leave; the pilot grounds unless the necessity of repairs compel her to do so; correct information and charts of the entrance and the harbor should be sent every commercial city; thus the commercial interest of our young and growing State would be permanently advanced and her vast resources would he made known to the commercial world. Your committee would reeeommcml that the farmers of Oregon see that the next Legislative Assembly a.-.k for a steam revenue cutter to be stationed at the mouth of the Columbia river, and such other facilities for the pro tection and benefit of commerce as are granted to other harbors; espe cially, that a telegraphic line be ex tended to that port as a commercial and military necessity, as the princi pal defences ot our mate are ami must ie mere :jh ce tne necessity oi the telegraph to carry intelligence to and Irom that port 1'urther your committee would say we have conferred with the mer chants of this city and learn that the cost of onr imports brought to us by way of San Francisco, as compared with shipments from Europe and Eastern ports, vary from 10 cents to y-: - cents per ton. For instance, the freight, from Liverpool direc t is to slo per long ton (2.210 pounds), and from New York per ton '2.000 pounds), and by way of San Franci::co 2 cents per ton on ; ! : e ;ove on : rate-,. Use ui::ert-nce. in ron and steel direct, or San Fraucisro. is from 25 price bought iu cents to ' ' j cents tier ton. I u r: a y JV iglil . "What bes:l tilings Saturday nights are. and wiiafc would the world do without them? Those breathing moments in tlie tramming march of lift those little twilights in the broad and rlish light of noon. when pale yesterdays look beautiful through the shadows and faces "changed" leng ago, smile sweetly again in the hush; when one remem bers '' the old folks at home." and l::e oii-ias:;: arm chair, an died, and th !;.:!.. :a'. 1 1 led lire. Use little oilier tl tli. i z wa 1 1 . .1 1' .-ht uiakes people liu to beating Ian ; ..ftlv, e::'d tid e els ii.eir I.ear as Lgcy 'e.s.eil to do. pefire tlie lit rued them iiiso war-lru;.!'- r. i i. a til ;:ece; with tat- i to-- -s. i:e lors with va'ilts eoi'ii th" shultc Cla 1 eb tne :i a bang: . with w;t ii :i op go v.'i.; cliciC goes bie kcv m tjse Joeii. It is Saturdtiy night, smd business free sigain. Homowsird, ho! 'The door that has been ajar ail the week gently closes behim-1 him ; tho world is shut out. Shut in, rather, '.fere are his treasures after all, and not in the vault, smd not iu tlie book save- the record in t lie family Kibie ,r d not in the ban::. ?r.;;, be yon sire si bachelor, frost y srau lortv. mHi, po r l.-iiov Sat- ur.iay laglits just sis you a;-( sM-a notlur.g to yon, r.othiag to anv bo.lv. (Jet a wife, hiuc-eed -r ba"k eyed, above sdl, true-eyed, get si lit tle home, no matte;- hov,- little, and a little sofa, just to hold two, or two and a half in it, of si Satur.lry night, and then read this paragraph bv the light of vour wife's eves, and then thank (iod and take courage. The dim smd du..ty shi s sire swept u; the hammer is t'irov.n down, tho apron is defied, and labor liastens with si light step, homeward b. uiid. " Saturday night !" feeble murmu.: th.e languishing, sis she turns wearilv upon her couch, "is there another to comes'" "Saturday night, at last!" whis pers the weeper above the dying, "and it is Sunday to-morrow, ami-to-morrow. A Gooi iir.cirn. I have a recipe: to oiVer. It is si compound, being composed of several ingredient-;, lt is an excellent remedy, smd Avhen properly applied, lias ar. amazing good elreot upon farmers' boys, keep ing t at h tho evenings when icy ought to b tiif-e making them love h b 4 tei tnall anv other i hice on earth lit re are tlie ingredients: 1. T resit them as partners with you. Give them t understand that they' sire interested in the success of the fanning operations as much sis you are yourselves. 2. Converse freely with them. Get their opinions, and give them youts. If at all prudent, make use of their plans, and v.hen you think your own best, explain to them why you do not adopt theirs. Ion"t keep them alto gether in the dark with reference to your plar.s for the f uture. :.. i)on"t require them to stay at home in the evening all the time. When there is any meeting or enter tainment from which they might re ceive b-melit. be sure to let them go. i. Provide them with luentvof good books and papers; especially referrintr to agriculture. Let them be well posted in their own business j -larmmg. -. -v- ii n Kncn Hm,- o. everscoiu meui don't do their work or attend to the business of the farm as well as von do r.,,rn-i-P them The weak may be joked out of any- thing but their weakness. lltbvn? OREGON, FRIDAY, JUNE 20, 1873. General JJavis Interviewed. j anT innocent alike, fearing massacre, 4 j and must remain in this condition of UoYLrs Camp. June 11. As Gen- j suspense for months to come, eral Jeff. C. Davis' vigorous, though j Q. You had a choice assortment comprehensive and, as many men of . of juniper limbs for scaffold material? dispassionate judgment believe, en- j A. I had procured lumber,chains, lightened proposition in reference to , r0pe, tackle and all tlie other para the I phernalia for an execution, and had TKEATMrxT of tite modoc MCUDEUEiiS , selected Saturday last as Imprisoned in this camp has provok- I poomsdav. ed quiet comment in official and mil- j On Thursday forenoon I drew up this itarv circles, and believing that a declaration of charges, to read to clear statement of his idea and con- j Captain Jack later in the dav : templated action m the premises is ; of general public interest as wed as a matter of justice to him, 1 have ob- tair.ed permission to iuiwu .. h.M of an interview. held yesiemay a.ttr TlOOnl ' Cjuestion General Davis, will you j have tlie kindness to relate to me . your proposea action in lem o , :jodoc murderers and the therefor? Answer Certainly, sir. When I j giving nor expecting quarter. I then thought that captives taken in the future should be executed at once and upon the spot, as the surest and speediest method of settling tlie r.Iodoc preddem. Q. You deemed them directly amenable to a military edict. A. "When captured while fighting against the military forces of tlie arrive. t m tne aeiu j. iiiiwu iut u. VI j Indian neighbors von are known as a ! tiiought and actum among the ag engaged in war with a .wind oi Indian j domineoring and" tyrannical tribe, riculturalists of Oregon in matters outlaws murderers, it you p.ease (nd seniL.ys jn tho country report as pertaining to their interests, wards of the Government, who bad JU.U1V ;1S " 2d. To discuss all questions of revolted against its aWty aul j TnrE lirxi)2:ED Mrl;ii:I;s general interest ta the producers, wi re lighting mercilosrdv and neitLe.- iinj to gather all attainable facts and United States, and sis a separate i:u- i on the public highway. For these ' tion or tribe I wsis disposed to deal : many crimes no adequa te punishment with them accordingly. Since tLe ! has ever boon visited upon the guilty capture I have ascertained that tlie j parties either as si tribe or individ authorities of Jackson county, On-1- j ually. Upon the contrary, tho Oov gon, have found indictments sigainst eminent has tacitly overlooked them. certain members of the band, but I ta.ver.ot deemed it proper to give them over to civil Courts, because i they were waging war aginst the! where, if you chose, you could remain Civernme-nt at the time the murders j and enjoy tlie bounties of the (iovern upon which the indictments are bas- ment unmolested. Y'ousdl wentniion ed were found, ami also for th; reason i that after the csspturo they were pris- ! oiicrts of the Government, and net directly amenable to civil laws. Dur- ing my command In re I have observ- i Ileservation. You spurned the land ed that the citizens when desiring j ness of the Government, and even protection for person and property j resisted tlie soldiers in the execution and indemnification for losses invsir- j of their duties to force you back to iablv ai'peal to the authority of the . tlie iieservat ion. You hastened to United States, but now that the war is over and the marauders are cap tives hoth the public stud the local authorities want to take the punish ment of the offenders in their own hands. The threats of the people d the recent bloody in thh ne hboihoo.1 when four old and defenceless male captives on route from Fairchi!d"s Ihiin h to the camp I were mur-end by citizens indicate i to me that si TiU.Vi. I'.Y CIVIL T.Vr WOFI.W V.K A I'SK- i.::ss l'Aia r.. The po.-inle h;tve nmde up their minds that the prisoners are guilty. O . How about the Military Com- mission? A. Lt suggested that a Military Co2!ii;iissi',n vsiil be ordered to try the erhnie us. If the idea is carried out the officers composing the Court shouhl be of high ruuk.aiid men who have had no immediate connection with the Modoc difficulty. . Matters are so badly mixed that it would take si long while to dispose of the case? A. Such a Commission would probably try each case separately, sin.l require sibottt 'six months to p r form the work, to say nothing or the ex sense in such a proceeding bu rn -use ep. ire to the Government; besid.es everyb. uly, civil s-nd military, knows that the Indians are guilty of murder in the first decree, and or out to he nAxoni). I thought to avoid any unnecessary expense, ami the farce of a trial, by doing the work myself. Owing to the dilatory manner in which the Modocs were t resit ed by those in charge in the beginning of these dif ficulties, the Indians obtained a fear ful advantage over us. smd slaugh tered so many people that the coun try si' tor, e d, even shocked, and now I fear that they will get the closing scenes. This ssimw fear is disturbing the minds of the citizens of the frontier. Justice, it seems to me, has silrea.lv been very tardy in coming, an.l is approaching from so in:: nv different directions, and in such questionable shape and gsirbs, that I doubt her meeting the require ments of the case. O. "What is tlie Indians idea of JUst:;-e 1 A. The Indians do not recognize the jurisdiction of civil or military Courts, because they are incapable of coin .rehendirtg the. works of either. These Modoes cannot understand what is meant by si Court: they have interrogated on the subject. They wonld regard a Court trial, with its technicalities, its testimony and eases, si kind of iuggl. rv: and if convicted .ir. 1 L..i,.,..,....s I,. ',Lotn cioild not be made to understand that justice fig ured in the business at all. Cj. Might is right with them, is it not ? A. In a measure that is so. They believe now thai thev have commit ted deeds that merit "death; and, in fact, tho real murderers have daily expected to be hanged. They believe the military has the power and the right to inllict the punishment of death. (). Have not the prisoners to be sorted out? A. Probably difficulty will occur again in that respect. The murder ers smd the arrests occurred in Ore- .inisv-j-n-nr-iLw iv,i,- -- gon and California, and are ba.lly llliXHU. .UV Trono.-eu coaise seiiieu. I ' 1 -I T 1 . 1 , ...A ... u;K qia-.siious o a. I Q.-tho proposition was a humane one.- J nosjesiiv ueiieNe i ,. yn j account of the prospects of tue In- dians. They are cooped up in tents, men, women and children, guilty COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY, nEAi;ivnTEiisI)EiT. or Coloibia, "1 ! Ix THK FliX1), Tt'le Uaiu:. !- Califtu-nia, June 11, 17:5. I ,AfcZ-Since tlie white man first p0.,.in to travel through or settle in tin. ciTmih'i' (icfiminil l.i- -flir "VTVulf 1)t.01ts 0f V. hich you claim to be one )f tJJO t.i,;.1-Sj tlo" M(docs lave been iaU)Avn as a nm, ()f merciless mur derers and robbers. Tlie history o - j f I your tribe is tilled with murders of 1 't AVlito ra,.e,and even among a our the i . ... ....... i " s of the present generation. Aiong the snores ot this iieau.ilul little lake, in view of which we nov stand, are the graves of over 00 vic tims of ?.to-.loc bsirbarity, all murder ed by your immediate ancestor in one brutal act. They were posiceful emigrants, men, women and children, ! passing quietly through the country A few years sigo, regardless of these acts of tr.'achery, ii: gave your tribe a IVservation of laud for a home, the Reservation thus provided, ami a part of your tribe hsss remained, but you ana vour band seem to have pre- forred the war-p;ith. You left the' wsir, and emulating the blood v deeds of your fathers you strewed the1 shores of Tide Lsike with tlie slain victims of your bloody band. All these victims were psv.ceful citizens, unsuspectingly slaughtered while at their daily avocations. You then lied to vour stronghold in the lava bed, prepared for war and defied the power of the Government. Still the President sit "Washington ordered the sen in rs to uesisi Commissioners could have s tallt with ycn, and if possible to avoid the shedding of more blood. Their eobrts were fruitless. After much delay and many attempts at concilia tion en their pari, you decoyed the Commissioners into your hands sand murd. red them. 1'ou have :uri.r-i.t;r.i evi:x:y sot.iii:h Vdho 3:as fsdleii into vour hsvnds.r.rm- I rd or unarmed These acts have placed you and your band outside the rules of civilized warfare. In other words, you have mside your selves outlaws sis such since my ar rival her.' as the successor of General Canby, whom you murdered, with vour own hands. I have made un- remitting war upon ou, umn at i.et veet have been captured sd'ter much j exs oisse to the Gov. rumen t aim the loss of many valuable lives. Now that I have recounted to y.ou the his tory of your tribe and the recent acts of 'yourself and band, I will close this interview by informing you that I have this d;iy directed that you and the following named confederates and members of your band be execut ed at sunset to-morrow, in the pres ence of the troops paraded for that purpose, vour people an.l the assem ble! 1 citizens of the country. f Blank space for names. General JJavis, continuing, said "While I was preparing a list of those I intended to'execute a courier arriv ed with instructions from "Washing ton to hold the prisoners until further orders. Q. What -movement did you pro pose making after the execution? I inteiidesl organizing a lorce for the purpose audi starting instant ly for the Columbia, probably for T P-.-e-,-ido.l orgsvmmg a lores Lui'iwai. seeing and taiinng w:tn as in anv Chiefs 'as possible while en route. I knew that the prompt exe cution of the Modoc outlaws would facilitate peace' talks among the In dians of Oregon and Washington Territory, as well as California, and have the 'tendency to quiet the In dians all through'the country. The Indians all know that we have captur ed the Mo.locs. and they willquickly learn the news if the death penalty is indicted. The achievement would result in mutual benefits to both the I Tudians and 1 whites, and with the . , -orestige the troops nave game.i we could do great good by such a cam paign. And so closed the interview. Two lawyers, returning from court, one says to the other: "I've a notion to join P.ev. Mr. s church; been de'oating the matter for some time. What do von think of it?" " V. ouldn"t do it," said the other. "V. . on, wnv ii . .... "Because it would do you no nossiblo good, while it would be ireat m- ' jury to the church." A man mimed Peter Gazior, m the mill of Thomas Stanley, on North Y; nhill, was -.-.t,- tf f.,e,il;; i .i " .y " txV i..jm.-o m urn j heaa In hauling a log up into tne mm uie maciimery was propped too ; miuiioio .iii'i me (log new out ot the log, striding Gaz:er in the back of tlie head, just behind the ear, pen- etrating some three inchco. Constitution of the l'armers' Uuion. The following is the Constitution and By-Laws of the Farmers' Union, adopted at the session held last week: "We, the farmers of Oregon, in or der to render ourselves more efficient cultivators of the soil and raisers of stock, and to secure fair and equita ble prices for the various products of our farms, and to protect our selves against supernumerary middle-men and monopolists, pledge to each other our hearty co-operation, iu accordance with the following constitution: AKTICXE I. The name of this or shall! e the "Oregon Fai organization aimers' Un- ion. j-he olnects of this Union arc de elared to be as follows: To promote a concert philosopliy connected Avith the bus iness of agriculture. od. To ascertain tlie proper rela tion which the producer has to trade and the national commerce, and to become thoroughly acquaint ed with the cost of production, es pecially as it aiiei ts the price of our own productions. -Jtli. And to protect ourselves agsiinst sdl interference with the le gitimate channels of trade. oth. To assist by proper means in fixing the price of transportation, with reasonable regard to its cost. Oth. To seek the best markets for onr surplus prodr.ee. and to sissist in establishing direct commercial rela tions with the countries which con sume them. Tih. To encourage home manu factures and the gencrsil diversity of our industries. AKTirnr: n. The officers of the Union shall consist of one President, two Vice Presidents, one Keeording Secretary, one corresponding Secretary, and one Treasurer, who shall be elected by balht at the regular annusd meet ing, excepting the lirst election, which may be le-hl by the Conven tion adopting this Constitution. The officers mimed in this Consti tution shall hold their offices for one. year, or until their successors are elected: Thsit officers elected by this Convention shall hold their offices until the first reg ular annual meeting of this Union. Fsich person elected to an office und-r this Constitution shall take sin oath, or affirmation, before an officer authorized to administer oaths, and shall fiie ssti.l oath in writing with the P.ecording Secre tary, to honestly and impartially perform the duties of said office, be fore entering upon the duties thereof. Aurrcm: in. The rreside-.it shall preside at all meetings of this Union, and in case of his absence or imxbility to preside the senior Vice President present shall preside. The President shall have power to appoint all committees, except sis otherwise- ordered by the Union; to countersign calls for spe cial meetings of the Union, and all orders upon the Treasurer by the Secretary; and ho shall perform such other duties as may be imposed by the resolution of the Union. The P.ecording Secretary shall keep a plain and correct record of all the proceedings of the Union; sign all orders upon, the Treasurer; call specisd meetings of the Union, In direction of the Board of Directors; and 'perform such other duties as are imposed by resolution of the Union. The Corresponding Secretary shall correspond with such officers, firms, persons, corporations or ttssocisdions as the Union may by resolution di rect or the board oi Directors re quest, and preserve copies of all communications forwarded by him, and fdso preserve sdl answers receiv ed by him. The Treasurer shall receive and safely keep all funds of the Union, pay all orders properly signed by the President and Secretary, keep books for the proper settlement of his accounts, and furnish to subor dinate organizations such informa tion as lie may be. directed to by the union or Loam oi Directors. authxf; iv. The Union shall consist of Dele gates from Agricultural organisa tions. Fach'Cir.b. Ueaguoor Grange shall be entitled to one member, at least, and one additional member for e:;ch 2" members or fraction of l.i members over. AP.Tiri.i-: v. This Constitution may be amended by a vote of two-thirds of all the members present at any regular meeting of the Uuion; " Pro ?., That no amendmo-at shall be passed unless the Mime shall have been pro posed in writing at least one day bo fore it is put upon its final passage. AISTICLE VI. The Clubs, Leagues and other or ganizations sending lie nvsentat ives to the Union shall facilitate the Un ion in collecting any information which the Union may deem i:ece.-s:i-ry in carrying out the purposes of the organization; and it shall be the duty of tho Union to distribute among the various subordinate or ganizations such information as it may possess, through its appropriate officers. AiaTCT.n vri. Each organization, in sending del egates to this Union, shall pay to tne Treasury ono dollar for each del egate, annually, until otherwise pro vided bv resoli: li'--u of the I moil. 1st NO. 34. AUTicnn viii. The President, Vice-President, Corresponding Secretary, ltecording Secret siry and three other members appointed by the Convention, shall constitute the Board of Directors, whose duties shall be to see that all resolutions and orders of the Union are carried into effect. ai-.ticle rx. Tlie regular annual meeting of tho Union shall be held on the second Tuesshiy in June in each year, at such place as the Union may deter mine, provided, that the first regu hrr meeting after the adoption of this Constitution, shall be held in the city of Salem. aiitk te vx. The compensation of officers of this Union shsill be such as may bo provided by resolution of the Union. ISY-LAWS. This Union, in its deliberations, will be governed by the code of rules commonly known as Parlia mentary rules or laws. The Board of Directors wilfseo that the various officers are provided with suitable books, stationery and" postage stamps, to enable them toper form the duties of their offices; and to this end it w ill be authorized to use the funds of the Union for thsit pur pose, tiling their vouchers of such purchases witli the Secretary to en able him to kee p a correct account of ail the purchasers made smd proper ty expended for the use of the Union. The Secretary shall receive as compensafion for his services $3 per dsiy for each, day sictusilly employed in attending the business of the Un ion. The Secretary shall draw his pay upon the certificate of the presiding- officer certifying to the num ber of days' service j'erformed. That when a subject is referred to one of the standing committees it shall be the CivAy of such committee to cs-.re fully investigate the same, and, unless otherwise ordered by tho order of rrference, it shall report the result of tlie investigation to tho Secretary of the Union within two months of the date of reference. :citing the SJoys nji. Calling a boy up in the morning can hardly bo classed under the head of " pastimes," espoeisillv if the boy is fond of exercise the day before. And it is a little singular that tho next hardest thing to getting a boy out of bed is getting him into it. There is rarely a mother who is a success at rousing a boy. All moth ers know this, so do their boys. And yet the mother seems to go at it in the right way. She opens tlie door, and insinuatingly observes, "John ny!" There is no response. "John- Still no response. Then there short, sharp "John!" followed is by a moment later by a prolonged "John Henry." A grunt from the upper regions signifies that an im pression has been made, and tho mother is encouraged to add, "You'd better be getting down liere to your breakfast, young man, before I come up there and give you something yonTl feel. This s"o startles the young man that lie immediately goes to sleep sigain, and the operation lias to lie repesited several times. A father knows nothing about this troul do. He merely opens his mouth as a soda bottle ejects its cork, and the " John Henry " that cleaves tho air of that stairwsiy goes into that boy like electricity, and pierces tho deepest recesses of his very nature. And he pops out of that bed and into his clothes and down the stairs with a promptness that is commendable. It is rarely a boy allows himself to o disregard the aternal summons. About once a year is believed to be as often as is consistent with the rules of health. He saves his father a great many steps by his thought fulness. J)a nil it r if Ai'ir.s. Ax Oi.i)-Fasuioxkd MoTncr.. Thsmk God some cf us have an old fashioned mother, not a woman of the period, enameled and painted, with Iter great chignon, her curls bottines, whose white jeweled hands, have never felt the clasp of babv fingers, but a dear, old-fashioned sweet voiced mother, with ey in whose depths the love-light shone, and brown hair, threaded with silver lying smoothly upon her faded cheek. Those dear, dear hands, worn with toil, which guided our tottering steps, in childhood and smoothed our pil low in sickness. Blessed is the mem ory of an old-fashioned mother. It iloats to us now like the beautiful perfume of some woodland blossoms. The music of other voices may bev-) lost, but the entrancing memory of hers will echo in onr souls forever Other faces will fade away and be forgotten, but hers will shine on until the light from heaven's portals shall glorify our own. L.VCK an'd Latiou. Two boys left last week their country home to seek their fortunes in the city. "I shell see what luck will do for me." said one. "I will see what labor will do for ii-t." cried the other. Which is better to depend uon, luck or labor? Let us see. Luck is alwsiys waiting for sonie- U.i'un. in trim m. r Labor will turn up iomethingw Luck lios abed wishing. Labor jumps np at six o'clock, ami with busy pen and ringing ham mer, lavs the foundation of a compe tence. Luck-whines; labor whistles. Luck relies on chances, labor on character. Luck slides down to indolence. Labor strides upward to independ ence. Which is likely to do the most for votl. b O O G C G