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About Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 11, 1908)
PLANT FOODS. hfimri Opportunity to Save on th Fertilizer Bill. ST B. X' DAVIDSON. Virginia experiment station. The elements necessary to the growth Of plants may be divided into the fol lowing groups: First. Those that are furnished iu Abundance from air and water. Second. Those which are furnished In abundance from the soil. Third. Those which are not usually furnished in abundance in an available form from air, water or soil, as nitro gen, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen is found in large quantities. Chiefly in the uncombined or free state. It constitutes about four-fifths of our atmosphere. In this form it is only available to leguminous plauts. such as peas, beans, clover, alfalfa, etc.. , mens in his natural history collec through the Influence of micro-organ- tion wa3 in the roof and open to the Sams found in soils and living in nod- rafters. Across a stretched rope vies on the roots of plants of this fam- ! were tnrown a striped blanket and ?f: c"fe-of.".he.rpi"tf ,ih.e I his workin- clothes! The furniture wuvkcu ut iua.eu iu uui v ju iifiuuius- Con with other elements. Combined With hydrogen it forms ammonia. Which may be taken up In small quan tities. With oxygen it forms nitric acid, and this combined with some ele ments in the soli forms nitrates. These are readily taken up by plants and form the principal source of the plant's nitrogen. Expensive to Purchase. Nitrogen is the most expensive ele ment the farmer has to purchase. It costs at least three times as much as the phosphorus or potassium. It is also the element most likely to be deficient In the soil, as it is readilv converted Into soluble nitrates and In addition to being used up by plants Is sometimes kached out of the soil. There Is a large quantity of free nitrogen in the air. By growing leguminous crops we can ob tain a portion of this nitrogen and store it up In the soil in fixed and available forms in the roots and stubble or in the whole crop turned under. We can thus repair in large measure the loss to the soil of this element without any cost and In addition obtain an excellent food for stock in the form of clover hay. alfalfa hay. etc. It will thus be seen how important it is for the farmer to grow one of more of these nitrogen gathering crops on his land as often as his system of rotation will permit and thus save purchasing this most ex pensive element of plant food. It is poor economy to buy what we can have for the taking, especially when the tak ing costs nothing. SEEDLESS TOMATOES. A Medium Small Variety With Flesh of Particularly Fine Flavor. The production of any vegetable nov elty always arouses Interest among seed growers and gardeners. More or less of this work has been done by the experiment stations. For a number of years breeding experiments with vege tables have been carried on by Pro fessor Halsted and his associates at the New Jersey experiment stations. Among the distinct and valuable pro ductions secured In this work is a nearly seedless tomato. . As is well known, each fruit of the ordinary to mato contains hundreds of seeds, while the form which Professor Halsted has developed seldom contains more than fifty seeds, and frequently there are not more than five or six and often none. This variety has become pretty well established now and has been called Giant because of the very large size that the plant attains. It originated five or six years ago as a result of a cross of Golden Sunrise upon Dwarf Champion. The flower clusters are small; flowers cup shaped, light lemon yellow, and the fruits few, medium small, light yellow and nearly seedless. The flesh Is particularly fine flavored. The plants flowered up to the killing frosts. The type appears to be well fixed. Attempts to cross other sorts upon It have uniformly failed. Seedless fruits have also been produced by Profess or Ilalsted on several varieties and crosses of tomatoes, due probably pri marily to nonpollination with other conditions favorable to the stimulation Of fruit production. These crosses were quite uniformly fltaarfed in sie, many in a cluster be ing not larger than peas, but solid flesh ed and often of good quality. In one instance the fruit bad the flavor of the strawberry. Currant crossed upon Stone produced such fruit; likewise Crimson Cushion upon Sumatra. When Crimson Cushion was crossed upon Giant and Magnus many seedless fruits were produced, some of which were large enough for table use. The work with seedless tomatoes Is being continued and promises to result in the establishment of varieties with far less seeds than the sorts commonly grown. Rotting of Potatoes. The rotting of potatoes in storage Is Often a source of serious loss. The in fection of the potatoes with the fungus occurs chiefly if not entirely in the field before digging. The infection is usual ly the result of diseased vines. The disease is transmitted In the majority of cases not directly through the vine, but Indirectly through the soil. Pota toes may be Infected directly In the field from spores introduced In the ma nure or from rotten potatoes spread upon or left in the land the preceding year. C. D. Woods. Productive Potatoes. In a comparison of twenty-five varie ties of potatoes Climax. Chenango .White. Hammond Wonderful and Sim mon Model ranked first in productJve ness. with yields In excess of 200 bush els of mrcban91 tUlers per acre. UaniicJbUMrbr. BLOCK AND BLANKET. There Was Nothing Dainty About This English Squire's Bed. An old highland chief, finding his youngest son, a mere boy, sleep ing on the battlefield with a huge snowball under his head, kicked it away, exclaiming: "What do ye want wi' a pillow? I'll nae such efeeminacy in my family!" A simi lar aversion to "efeeminacy" mark ed Charles Waterson, an English squire, who in early life had wan dered through many lands as a nat uralist, intent on making collections of birds, reptiles, insects and wild beasts. , The bedroom where the squire slept and also prepared the speci was rough, coarse and scanty an old deal table, three crazy chairs, a deal clothesprew and a chest of drawers. The floor, deal boards, was uncarpeted. Mrs. Byrne, who narrates the in cident in her volume, "Social Hours With Celebrities," on surveying it remarked on the anomaly of a bed room lacking a bed. "I've long learned that a bed is a useless luxury," said the squire, drawing from . a corner an oblong block of oak two feet long, ten inches wide, eight inches deep, hol- j lowed and polished in the middle Then he pulled down the striped blanket, rolled it around him and lay down on the bare boards, resting his head on the block. "There, that's my bed! It's soon made, and I'll answer for it none of you sleep more soundly than I." , For thirty years the block and blanket had been the squire s bed, summer and winter, in health and sickness. When traveling, as he couldn't carry about his timber pil low, he used the best substitute he could devise. Once he was Mrs. Byrne's guest in London and, as usual, retired to rest at 9 o'clock. The German maid, not supposing that he had retired at so early an hour, went into the bedroom to take in the can of hot water. She gave a 6cream and rushed out. The next morning her mistress asked for an explanation. "Ach, veil may you ask! I vent into de room, and vat did I see ? A long body roll up in a blanket on de floor and a cray head on a portman teau." Treating Warts. Children's hands are often disfig ured by warts, and they can be cured in a simple way. Get harts horn and sweet oil of equal mix ture and paint the warts with this each day. It is slow, yet thorough ly satisfactory. Acetic acid touched to the most tenacious warts will in time kill them, and they can be easily removed. Most children, however, object to your cutting even the dead part away, since they have a fear of its hurting. After removing warts wasli the parts with a weak solution of carbolic acid. A drop of peroxide of hydrogen in the cavity will cleanse all impurities. Do not believe in such absurd things as superstitious persons en tertain for the removal of warts, for warts are almost as difficult to remove as teeth, and the foolish no tion which has ever prevailed of causing them to disappear through some magic is not to be thought of in this enlightened age. Exchange. The Protection of the Forests. Few that fell trees plant them, nor would planting avail much to--ward getting back anything like the noble primeval forests. During a man's life only saplings can be grown in the place of the old trees tens of centuries old that have been destroyed. It took more than 3,000 years to make some of the trees in the western woods trees that are still standing in perfect strength and beauty, waving and singing in the mighty forests of the Sierra. God has cared for these trees, saved them from drought, disease, avalanches and a thousand straining, leveling tempests and floods. But he cannot save them from fools only Uncle Sam can do that. John Muir. He Surrendered. "Did I ever say all that?" he ask ed despondently as she replaced the phonograph on the corner of the mantelpiece. "You did." "And you can grind it out of that machine whenever you choose?" "Certainly!" "And your father is a lawyer V ' "Yes." "Mabel, when can I place the ring on your finger and call you my wife?" London Answers. A Puzzle. "There's wan thing," said Cassidy in the restaurant, "that's always puzzled me." "Only wan thing?" piped Casey sarcastically. "An' w'at's that?" "Is turtle soup fish whin 'tis made jut o' veal?" New York Glohe. ON A BUSINESS BASIS. Very Practical Details. In Profitable Dairying. "' . ' By JOHN lfTCFTKlA Clemson Collet. ' Under average conditions a cow yielding twenty-two pounds of milk should have a ra'ion composed of about two-thirds oughage and one third concentrates. By a number of trial calculations we find that the re quired nutrients are approximately obtained by selecting sx pounds of wheat bran, four pounds of cottonseed meal, eight pounds of corn stover and forty pounds of com silage. For greater yields it is best, 8 s a rule, to increase only the concentrates to meet the re quirements of thv additional flow of milk, thus Tnakiag the proportion of concentrate to roughage greater . the larger the yield of milk. The main part of the ration should be supplied in two feeds, one in the morning and the ether in the late after noon. It is desirable to feed some drj roughage at noon, especially when thir roughage in the morning and evening consists of silage. The cow. on ac count of her large storeroom, the paunch, is capable of storing up s large quantity of feed and therefore does not require as - many feeds as some other farm animals. Concentrates and Roughage. As a rule, it Is. best to feed the con centrates Just previous to milking and the roughage immediately thereafter. The grain helps to attract the cows to their stalls, and by feeding the rough age after1 milking ve avoid tainting the milk with undesirable odors when the roughage contains these. When corn silage, for example. Is fed Imme diately before or during milking its odor Is always percrptible in the milk. When fed after m UK tag the odor Is never detected. It 14 Relieved also that feeding the concentrates by themselves will result in a morp thorough mixing of the saliva with hen and thus In crease their digestibility. Further more, a great deal of dust can be avoided by feeding the roughage after ! milking, particularly w'len the rough- se consists or nay or ory rodder. . A prevailing opinion mat heavy con centrates will form An injurious, pasty mass in the cow's stomach does not seem to be well founded. When the concentrates are fed directly before milking and the rCmgbage directly aft er there will be suficJctit mixing in the paunch before tht contents pass into the stomach proper . The writer for several years has successfully followed the practice of feeding concentrates and roughage, sefamtery when the former consisted et as much as five pounds of cottonserd aieal per day. An average cow In full flow of mi'k will consume forfy pounds of cofn silage to good advantage. This amount of silage, combined filth eight or ten pounds of dry fodder or hay, makes a good combination of roughage for a dairy cow. Successful Feeding. In the economical production of milk it is absolutely essential to feed cows according to their capacity. Just what this productive capacity is can' be determined only by keeping a care ful account of the feed consumed and the milk and butter fat yielded by each cow individually. About half the nutrients called for in a ration for an average milker are used to sustain the body, so that it will neither gain nor lore weight, the other half being used to form milk. Returns for feed can therefore be ex pected only from about 50 per cent of the total nutrients required. This means that a cr on a full ra tion will yield practfca-ly twice as much milk as she wtuld on three fourths of a ration. Tet there are thousands of dairymen who fall to supply the last quarter of a ration and thus bring ruin upon themselves and their business. Battle of the BiMlocks. When the senior calves- (grades) were sifted of their trash, some real beau ties stood before the judge. Here was uncovered the champion or the grades and eventually the grand t hampion of the show. This was, fie handsome grade Shorthorn caff; tloan King, GBADE CALF BOAN KINU. Champion of the grades and grand cham pion of the show at the lata Intisrna UonaJ. shown by James Leask of Ontart He J is a son of Gloster's Choice, una his dam was by Royal Banner, a bull which came to this side. He is a grand calf, with remarkable arch ot Tib. a finely finished front, light rower lines and little waste as a killer, and ho is smoothly covered on back and ribs. The chief criticism lies in his tendency toward softness of flesh. As a type of a Shorthorn show ateer, with a weight of 1.090 pounds at about thirteen months old. Roan King fill a high ideal. He is quite mature, J though in the calf class. Breeder's Ga zette. Dairy Byproducts. The effect of dairy byproducts on the carcass Is one of the most impor tant results of feeding them to hogs. It Is generally admitted that, while ex cellent hams and bacon may be produc ed without dairy byproducts, the use of these byproducts will result in pork of a more nearly uniform high quality. "" . ' , ; BLACKLEG. Note on a Destructive Disease and Its ' . Prevention. Every stock owner who lives In a" district where .blackleg occurs knows that it is the young animals, especially those between the ages of six and eighteen months, which are most lia ble to become affected. .. As to the class of cattle most fre quently affected by blackleg, the ma jority of reports agree that full blood or high grade stock is more subject to the disease than the common or low grade range cattle. The spring and the fall seem to be the seasons most favorable for the de-. velopinent of blackleg. The disease is, A.CCIHATINO OUTFIT. however, not confined to these seasons, but appears at all times of the year with more or less frequency. The general symptoms of blackleg are high fever, loss of appetite and suspension of rumination, followed by great depression. Respiration becomes accelerated, the animal moves around with difficutly, frequently lies down and when water is near at haud drinks at short intervals and but a little at a time. The most important diagnostic fea ture Is the development of a tumor or swelling under the stjSn. The swelling may appear on any part of the body and limbs excepjt below the knee or hock joint or on the tail. It Is fre quently seen on the thigh or shoulder, and owing to the extensive discolora tion of the swollen parts as observed after the animal has been skinned the disease has been popularly named "blackleg," or "black quarter." Most stock owners agree that when the disease has broken out there is nothing short of a hypodermic syringe and vaccine or the immediate removal of the affected herd to another pasture that will check the disease. The bureau of animal industry of the United States department of agri culture considers prevention the prin cipal recourse against this disease. It prepares and distributes a blackleg vaccine and reports that the effect of this vaccine in preventing outbreaks already in progress has been highly satisfactory. A lately issued circular (No. 31) of the bureau gives much in formation about blackleg and tells how to obtain this vaccine. Applica tions for it should be addressed to the chief of the bureau at Washington. To prepare the vaccine in such a way that it may be Injected hypoder mically it Is necessary to pbtain cer tain implements, which, together with the hypodermic syringe, are known as a vaccinating outfit This consists of a porcelain mortar with pestle, a small glass funnel and a 'measuring glass. The accompanying cut shows a vacci nating outfit with the exception of the mortar and pestle. All of the utensils, including the hy podermic syringe and a package of absorbent cotton, are fitted in a strong polished oak box, which by means of an adjustable wire loop serves also as a support for the funnel when the vaccine is filtering. The syringe, two hypodermic needles and an extra glass barrel are packed in a separate metal box, which is Inclosed in the oak box. THE STOCKMAN. Full husking has developed a poorer quality of corn even than was report ed a month ago. The estimate of rate of yield is practically the same as re ported In November, the crop aggre gating 2,550,000,000 bushels, but the percentage of corn fit for commercial purposes is the lowest ever raised. In general character the crop is soft, damp and immature grain, and the quality is so low that It dried out slowly and is keeping badly. It is par ticularly poor In Ohio, Michigan, In diana. Illinois. Iowa and Nebraska. The proportion of the crop which will be fed on the farm is far larger aan usual, the reasons assigned being Its unmerchantable quality, the scar city of other grains, increased cattle and hog supplies and the inferior feed ing value, necessitating the use of greater bulk to accomplish the same result. The crop is disappearing rapid ly, and an unusually small part of it will appear in commercial channels. Crop Report Character of Silage. The feeding value of silage Is in a large measure due to Its comparative richness in nutrients especially suited for the nourishment of cattle, its ease of digestion as compared with dry foods, its portability due to its aroma and succulence and the fact that it aids In cooling the system and keeping it free of effete material and keeping the circulation active. Stall Feeding Versus Grass. In some Virginia tests It cost nearly twice as much to make a pound of gain on cattle in the stall as where the animals were finished on grass. " Farm, Field and Garden SLAUGHTERING HOGS. A Few Things That Aid In Doing Good, Clean Work. A pen of hogs ready for killing should not be fed .within twelve K twenty-four hours previous to slaugh tering, but should have a chance tc clean and, cool out On many large farms where from thirty to fifty boss Are to be killed the work begins about & ,o clock In the morning. The firsl "preparations are made the day before. x A sufficient supply of wood is on hand to keep the great pot "b'ilin'," and all other needed paraphernalia Is gol ready. A whisky or vinegar barrel Is the best to scald the hogs in. Care should be taken to ascertain that the tempera . TBGS EIGHT WAT, ture of the water Is exactly right be fore the hog is dipped; otherwise the hair will be set and it will be a hard matter to have the carcass well cleaned. The hair from feet, ears and head should be got off as clean as posslbl as soon as tne nog is cupped in oraei to avoid so much scraping with a .knlfi afterward. After the hog has been scraped clean hang him up to cool and insert a corncob or chip In his mouth. If the bogpen is far from the house, haul the carcasses up in wagons 01 carts, putting clean fresh straw In the bottom. It is best not to pile tha hogs in Indiscriminately on top of each other, as the carcasses will get soiled from the blood that drips from theii mouths or from the gashes in theli throats where they were stuck. Each carcass should be thoroughly rinsed oil with cold water after being scraped and then hung up. Be most careful in opening the car casses not to cut into the entrails. Whoever has charge of the work should be familiar with it and have a steady hand. Let the entrails drop, Into a clean tub and remove the llvei and heart Drench the abdominal cav ity, now emptied, with one or more buckets of cold water. Then leave out of doors to cool out well, advises a writer in American Cultivator. Take down the carcass at night and place on the floor of the smokehouse, seeing that the floor has been properly cleaned. When all the animal heat has left It which will be by the fol lowing morning if weather conditions are right, begin the work of cutting up and salting down. Too Much Acid In Cheese. Some interesting results In cold stor age were obtained with lots of cheese which had been allowed to develop toe much acid In the process of making. Such cheese held In the factory foi two weeks and then placed In storage at 40 degrees was much deteriorated, while that placed directly In storage at 82 degrees was pronounced very good. Contrary to the belief generally held by dealers, the results therefore Indi cate that cheese with too much acid should be placed in cold storage as quickly as possible, and the colder the room the better. The results of these experiments are therefore favorable to the putting of cheese into cold storage at an earlier age even than the one to two weeks now customary and show that this method is valuable in pre venting taints and the bad effects usually following the development of excessive acid. Bureau of Animal In dustry. Bacteria In Cream. Careful experiments in testing cream at the Oklahoma experiment station bave shown that the bacteria were found to Increase in cream for a period of three days in summer and four days In winter, after which there was a steady decrease, but it is not to be as sumed that old cream is better than fresh cream because it has fewer bac teria, for fnmnlM of irlir rinv rrenm J bad an old, unpleasant odor. Refflstratloa of l and Tit o. In the Circuit Court of the State of Crtyoe f Betiton CoutitT. Delila Read, Plaintiff, . vs. Hannah Rowland. Pollv MltrbaH.hatra.at-t-.rn T.iicrrtia Hallock decaaard SarerT. "trahan Oa- rf. Sirahan. Fijm Levis, heir-at law n s cvhan deceased and Henrv lewis and "All rh.r t tort concern," Iefeni'anta, In the matter of the arr-Hrattan of TV"!, rr to register the tit'e to the foiVwlrjr- rrvt. "a Die of Reman P. F!ock rvA Tnorr'tr Tt lock, his rife. it beinr Ciaftr. Vo. so, vrlnr rrrt of Sees 4 and . In Tonhlr 11. oiith. pPP a rt "f tha Willamette Meridian. Pentnn roiimv "r. ron. descrihed aa tollowa. towit: Bw. at trVe IT. corner of said action 4. and rnnninrth. nort . minutes east 4R chain, thence west -SO links, thence aonth 44 ohin- and n Unka thence north $n dec and 4 rn'nvtea wort 5 rV.N and S7 links. th nre ,n-th cVatn and 5 l.-. thence east 60 chains and ?t link and thence r"tN 25 chaina to the niece of herrn're in he d.rVt of landa anhiect to Kale at Oremn rftr trma and rontaininr son acres and (Mco cf en'ecre To Pannah PnVrd. PrMr v'trti '--ra H. Strahan, C'ande tri-an. Payne T ewi' Pmrr Lewis, and 'All whom it rrav concern. " rVfenir?-at , TAKHfNOTIfr That on the 4th daycf .tarrarv. ipoc r arr'ice lcd 1. tha sd TVMe P-sd in tha Circuit Cnort of tha State of Orepv-n for Prrtcn oonntv. Oraeon, frr initil repistrrtio- o' the tttf to the land shove descrihed Now, nntees von enrar on or hcVre the dar of Fehmarv A . P. IO0R and phew canae why anch anntiestinn should not he eranted. the en'a. will he taken aa confead and a decree will he en tered according to the rrarer of the anrllcatW and; and complaint ron w'll he forerer hatred ron diannt'nB- the same. Pated at. Corvallia, Trepan, thie fith da of .Tan. nar, 1908. " rsALl T. T. VTVClTrTr Clerk Dirctiit Court of the State of Ores-nn for Benton evmntv. NGTTCE FOl PTTBUPATTON. rEPA?TMENT OF THF 1NTFRTOR. Land Office at Posehurar. Or Ts. p. 196s Notice is herehv e-iven that Fhha 1 vn- ' Monroe, Benton Co. Or.hsa filed notice of hie irtetw t'on to irake final five vear proof In support o his claim, vis: Homestead Fntrv h'o. 110ll. made Octeherl lflM, for the N 1 of SF . Section a. Townahln tV Ponth, Rantre West W M. and that said proof will he made hefore Conntv Clerk and Clerk Countr Court at Corvallia'. Opwon. on Frldav. March . lflos. He names the following- witnesses to prove hi continuous residence upon, and cultivation of. tha land, viz: Walter J. Sisson. Welherrv WHIson, Albert Oaksav and James Oakes. all of Monroe, Oremn. BKNJAMIN L. EDDY, Regtstar. Re-advertisement. ftf The Best Quality of PIANOS and ORGANS At the Store of GRAHAM & WELLS Corvallis, Oregon CUSTOMERS Are requested to call and see them be lore purchasing elsewhere. THIS OLD sell their RELIABLE HOUSE wit FINE-TONED INSTRU MENTS FOR REASONABLE PRICES a instead of charging you extra to make up for high city rents, railroad fares and hotel bills for traveling salesmen. Music Loving People Can purchase 'these reliable goods ia their home town. If there is anything jOX1 do not understand you will find tfa sdless near your home. Own YourHoma THE. - National- - Bank First of Corvallis has some TO WN LOTS Neer the State Agricultural College which you san buy on the INSTALL MENT PLAN or for cash. Savo Ten or Twenty Dollar a per month and pay the same on a town lot. Thereafter BUILD YOUR HOME on the lot and continue to make these small monthly payments on the homo and yon will soon have it paid for and have no more rent to pay. For information address W. H. SAVAG Corvallis, Or. BO YEARS' " EXPERIENCE ' TRADf Marks EXPERIENCE Designs Copyrights Ac Anyone sendtnff aketnh and desorlDtlon ma a -quickly ascertain our opinion free whether aa Snrentlon is probably patentable. Communica tions strictly confidential. HANDBOOK on Patents aent free. Oldest aaencr for securing Detents. Patents taken through Munn A Co. reoelT penal notice, wunout cnarge, in tne Scientific American A handsomely Illustrated weekly. Largest cli oulmtirtn nf on v nfHATlMfin loumal- Terms, 93 4 . rAap fnnr monthi. IL Sold bT ail newsdealer. MUNN & Co.36,Bpm- New York Drm'"'- : vffioa- 62t V Qt. W&shtnatOD. Dl O. CASTOR I A "Vor Infants and Children. "Tou Have Always Bought 1 of The for Job Work..