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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (April 1, 1994)
Spilyay Tymoo Warm Springs, Oregon April 1, 1994 PAGE 7 Spring has sprung! It's time to garden Now that spring is officially here many well drained soils which are common in the people are thinking about growing things. Warm Springs area. Spread the manure 2 to i ou migni want to consider growing a garden 4 inches deep ana mix in thoroughly as you this year. It can be an enjoyable experience for the entire family and producing your own vegetables is very satisfying. Here is some useful information on getting started. When to Prepare the Soil: If the soil is worked before it is dry enough it can become hard and unproductive. There is a simple way to judge a proper time to work your soil. Take a handful of freshly dug soil, squeeze gently, then release it. If it breaks apart readily when dropped, it is ready to be worked. How to Prepare the Soil: The soil should be turned and broken up into small pieces to a depth of about 8 inches. This can be done with a plow, rototiller, shovel or a spading fork, depending on the size of the garden and how much exercise you want to get. If you are going to add manure, compost, peat moss or other organic material, do it before the soil is turned and worked. The organic matter will then be more uniformly mixed with the soil. When To Fertilize: Most fertilizer are applied just before planting. When manure is used, spread it on the garden before working the soil. General garden fertilizers should be used j ust prior to seeding or setting out plants. Soluble fertilizers, quickly available to the plants, should be used after plants are up if growth is unsatisfactory. How To Apply Fertilizer: Complete fertilizers such as manures can be spread all over the garden surface and working into the soil. Fertilizer can also be placed. Placement before planting is done by making a trench beside the row where plants will go or seed will be planted. Starter fertilizer can be mixed with water and poured along the rows. For this type of application, add a rounded tablespoon of the fertilizer to a gallon of water and use a cupful per plant or a cupful for each 6 inches of a row. What To Use and How Much: Barnyard manure is a good general fertilizer and soil conditioner. Annual applications help improve soil texture and maintain fertility as well as improve the water holding ability of work the soil. Rabbit and chicken manure can be used at one half this amount but should be avoided when fresh. Complete garden fertilizers sold in stores are plainly marked with percent of available nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. Some common products have formulas 8-24-8, 10-16-8; 10-10-10 and 16-20-0. A large handful can be used for each 3 to 4 feet of row, placed 3 inches down and 2 inches out from the row. For broadcast application, use 10 pounds of fertilizer for 1,000 square feet of soil. Fertilizer can be helpful in producing large, healthy plant but be careful not to get carried away. Poor growth of plants in home gardens is more often the result of inadequate water (or too much water) than a lack of fertilizer. Whether you are an old pro or a brand new gardener stop in at the Extension Office or call 553-3238. We have information that can help you get started or help you along. Enjoy your garden! Be a leader: Be a part of the solution If you would like to start a 4-H club, you are more than welcome to. Our office can give you information on how to organize a 4 H club. If you want to start a beading club, you can! Or a cooking club! Any kind of club can be started and there can be more than one club of the same kind. We have ample information in the 4-H office on different Clover Speaks We are getting ready for Tri-County 4-H Camp Counselor Training in Warm Springs. This years training is going to be quite a learning experience for counselors. We are going to Camp Tamarack located near Sisters, OR. To be eligible for 4-H Camp Counselor Training, you need to have completed the 9th grade by the time camp starts. You need to mail your application to the Deschutes County Extension Office by APRIL 8, 1994. There is also a fee to help covermeals of $20. Camp Counselor Training weekend is April 22-24 th and you must attend this weekend to be considered for a counselor position at Crystal Springs 4-H Tri-County Camp. The theme this year is Dinosaurs and the name of the camp is 4-H A-Soar-Us. During May there will be additional training that will cover specific topics such as Leadership Skills, Homesickness, Conflict Management, Learning About Yourself, types of clubs that would interest you. You are welcome to stop by and look at the information we have. A club can meet anywhere, your home or the 4-H center or any place that will allow you to hold meetings. So now is the time to take that step! Become involved in your community, help Warm Springs youth be all that they can be! ! Be a part of the solution! ORMONSTATI UMVERSTTY (TENSION service Information provided by: OSU Extension at Warm Springs 1110 Wasco Street 553-3238. QSU Extension Staff; Arlene Boileau 4-H & Youth Bob Pawelek Livestock Norma Simpson Home Economics Carol Stevens 4-H Crystal Wlnlshut 4-H Assistant Tim Wojtusik Agriculture Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all people. EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU Developmental Stages of Pre-adolescents. We hope to see you there! Have any questions you need answered?? Give us a call at 553-3238 or stop by OSU Extension Office. You know who to ask for. Rainbow Dancer Information Rainbow Dancers are continuing to meet once a month. Sometimes we have short notice of meetings, however we will always inform members as soon as possible. Thank you for your understanding. If you are interested in learning the old dances, you can stop by the OSU Extension Office and pick up a health form. You will be working with a caring group of people and Verbena Greene. If you have any questions, E lease give us a call at 553-3238. We would e more than glad to answer your questions. You can ask for Crystal Winishut. It is not to late to sign up for the Rainbow Dancers. Extensive 4-H resource library available at OSU Don't fall for telephone fraud During the Managing Your Income class, several participants mentioned having their telephone cut off for non-payment. Well, it could be a tempting way to get back on the line. But don't be a sucker for this fraud which was announced in February by the Office of the Attorney General of Oregon. The Payroll Advance Services, Inc. had its assets frozen because of a lawsuit alleged the company was defrauding customers in a "telephone restoral business". It works like this. Payroll Advance Services does business in Oregon as Dial-Tone Corporation, a billing agent for Duvalls. A father and 3 sons obtain telephone service for customers who have experienced credit difficulties with their local telephone. Each of the Duvalls buy phone service in his own name through US West and then resells it at a higher rate to the customer. In theory this gives the customer access to telephone service without having to meet the credit guidelines established by US West. The catch is that the Duvalls asked customers for Cash in Advance but the lawsuit alleges that the defendants did not pay the bills. In January and February some 180 customers were disconnected without notice. The lawsuits seeks restitution for customers plus hefty fines and seek to permanently to prohibit the defendants and their companies from doing .business. in Oregon. Global awareness does relate to Warm Springs by Norma L. Simpson When you think of international events, like the International Year of the Family, it prompts me to think of the difference between countries in several ways. Fortunately, Debbie Driscoll, OSU Extension Home Economists of Coquille, OR made it easier for me to think back to a few special countries where I worked or traveled in during the past 15 years. One difference would be the life expectancy for children born in 1 990. Another is the Adult Literacy Rate in 1985. And another is the density or numbers of people who live in a square mile. Driscoll's list includes 173 countries but for our Global Awareness in this article, we will look at only 25 countries. Education makes a lot of difference in the wealth that a family can generate. But too many children for the square miles, make it hard to produce enough food, and that shortens the life expectancy for each child. Source for labor costs: Werner International, 1989 Costa Rica's high literacy rate reflects the policy "the Country's Army teachers without guns." Without money spent on weapons, the money can go into schools and books and opportunities for the kids to learn. This democracy put the emphasis on people not control through dictatorship and tear as has happened in many other countries. Papua New Guinea, where I worked just before I came to Warm Springs has made dynamic progress since it's independence in 1973. But other aspects the strong family ties of PapuaNew Guinean life have been damaged by the introduction of beer which they never drank before. It will take generations to control the effects of beer, while a few people make millions from the profits. The birthrate in Africa is 45 births per 1000 population, compared to 27 births for the worlds population. Part of the population growth has come about when nursing mothers stayed with their husbands rather than moving back to their family for three years that most women usually breast-fed their infants. With little birth control.m the women have another child nearly every year. In the column on the right, People Density for square mile, I have made bold the five countries with the greatest number of people per square mile. Two countries, Japan and Germany are developed countries, with high levels of education. That has made it possible for their people to generated high incomes and to be able to buy food and other things from other countries. The other three countries have high numbers who live in extreme poverty, where food is scarce and so is education. What is the relationship to Warm Springs? In a previous workshop at Kahneeta, we learned that the population growth in Warm Springs is very high. That means it is very important to have a high level of education to generate income to provide the things that tribal members would like to have. We all need to work to keep the teenagers in school, and in fact planning for a bright future. Finally the latest issue of Oregon Health Trends, from the Center for Health Statistics show a stanly median age of death of females in the state. Startly because of the gap between the non-hispanic white and the American Indian (non-hispanic), 79 years compared to 6 1 5 years. What can be done to help tribal members to life a longer and happier life? The 4-H program has put together a group of books and videos for 4-H leaders and for the community to use. Listed below are the titles. Here is a great chance to gain information given at seminars around the country right here in Warm Springs! You do not have to travel anywhere to get it However, you really have to want to learn and you will need to set aside TIME to watch the video or listen to the tape or read the book. Just think of the advantage you have to be able to check out the material and use it at home or in your car. Anywhere you go. Our most recent addition to the 4-H Resource Library is from Rockhurt College of Continuing Education and the materials are wonderful. Please feel free to come and explore the 4-H Resource Library. Our office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. If you need to come after 5:00 p.m. Please feel free to give us a call at 553-3238 and ask for Carol Stevens. She will be glad to meet you after 5:00 p.m. Here is a list of the current titles: Assertiveness-The Right Choice-This includes audiocassettes covering such subjects as Assertive Communication with Co-Workers, Assertively Confronting Aggressive People, Resolving Conflict Through Assertiveness, and What is Assertiveness?This4 tape series also includes a workbook. Life Planning-Find honest answers to critical questions about your health, wealth, love and success to improve your life. Find answers to important life questions concerning your career, companionship and wealth. How To Manage Project, Priorities & Deadlines-Thc Art of Getting It Done-this set includes 8 audiocassette and workbook to help you get the full benefit of the tapes. The Stress Management Handbook-A practical guide to reducing stress in every aspect of your life. This handbook will help you recognize the warning signals of stress induced burnout. Discover effective relaxation techniques and minimize needless worry and anxiety. Change: Coping with Tomorrow Today Techniques for success in the "21 Century". An action plan to prepare you for tomorrow today. 5 steps to conquer change. Listen Up: Hear What's Really Being Said-Understand the whole message not just the words. Reduce conflict and increase understanding. Make others want to listen to you. How To Manage Your Boss-Gel your boss to see you as a start performer. Earn raises and promotions without asking and reduce stress and enjoy your job more. Volunteer Recruiting &Retention-A great resource covering Strategic Planning, Program Planning, Recruiting, Training, Motivation and much more. -... The Great Trainer's Guide-This guide will help you train (almost) anyone to do (almost) anything. Training Techniques In Brief-This is a guide to teaching methods for the Non-Professional. The Effective Management of Volunteer Programs-A practical guide to share the basic philosophy about people and how to treat them in a way that encourages growth and self-renewal in individuals and organizations. Survival SkillsforManagers-A basic guide to what you needed to know that no one ever taught you. Building the Short-Term Volunteer Program-A guide to Episodic Volunteering. How To Take Care ofYou..So You Can Take Care Of Others-A survival guide for volunteers and Human Service Workers. You Can Make A Difference-Helping others and yourself through volunteering. The Volunteer's Survival Manual-The only practical guide to giving your time and money. Creative Experience for Children-This is an activity guide for caretakers of children 1 5 years of age. We have Videos on 4-H that you can check out. The series is called "Letters to New Leaders". These tapes can be helpful to leaders that have been with the program for more than a year too. There is always something more you can learn and share with your clubproject members. There are some opportunities in video 6 for leaders you may not have seen before, so feel free to come by 6 check them out! Video 1 -covers What is 4 H; Video 2-S tarting a ClubProject; Video 3 Planning and Conducting Meetings; Video 4-Leadership Techniques; Video 5-Member Opportunities; Video 6-Leader Opportunities. Is it entomophobia or delusory parasitosis? Say, what!? I get about half dozen cases every year of people suffering from one or both of these afflictions. So obviously they are not as common as the flu, but I'll bet they are more common than we think. While these are, technically, medical problems, entomologists often are called to investigate because they involve insects and mites, at least initially. What follows is an entomologist's viewpoint, a physician might have other opinions. Entomophobia (entomoinsect phobia an irrational fear) is the irrational fear or dread of insects andor related arthropods (spiders, ticks, mites, etc.). The irrational part is important because almost everyone is more or less afraid of some insects and spiders. Even entomologist avoid direct contact with certain of our six and eight-legged friends (trust me, I know this for sure). The fear becomes irrational when it is so intense that it interferes with normal everyday normal life, preventing the victim from engaging in some regular activity. It may be associated with a hysterical reaction at the sight of the feared arthropod. Often, people suffering from entomophobia can be treated by desensitizing therapy much like what would be used to treat other types of phobias. Delusory Parasitosis may be associated with entomophobia and is very often confused with it, even by the medical community. Delusory parasitosis is an emotional disorder in which the victim is convinced that tiny, sometimes invisible insects or mites have infested their body andor dwelling, when no real infestation exists. The disorder is characterized by the extreme measures that the victim goes to in order to rid their surroundings, or themselves, of the imagined infestation. They will engage in excessive use of pesticides or strong cleaning agents, self medication with inappropriate drugs, frequent and unproductive visits to physicians and distrust of the medical and scientific community. These actions can, by themselves, be dangerous. Delusory parasitosis is a serious, sometimes life threatening condition. In both cases, entomophobia and delusory parasitosis, the victim must seek medical or psychiatric attention. Unfortunately, too, often the medical community misreads delusory parasitosis as an allergy, or other treatable physical ailment and delays a recommendation for psychiatric evaluation. Entomophobia is more treatable. People suffering from entomophobia (the fear of arthropods) usually recognize their condition and have learned in some fashion to deal with it (sometimes with appropriate therapy). Delusory parasitosis, however, is characterized by persistent denial and a focus on "finding the bug". It can be extremely difficult to convince the person that they should abandon the hunt and seek help elsewhere. Actual Infestations. We must not overlook the possibility that an actual infestation exists. The human scabies mite (see Vol.. 2 No. 6) burrows beneath the outer layer of skin leaving crusted bumps and intense itching and felling of "being infested". Other mites, often associated with birds or rodents, may bite humans if contact is made. Mysterious mite infestations should be investigated, looking for bird or rodent nest in association with human activity. These mites are relatively large and visible to the unaided eye. Head and body lice (see Vol 1 No. 6) cause itching and discomfort and a "lousy" feeling. Fleas also can cause "mysterious" bites ( Vol 1 . No. 3), especially around the ankles. There are others, as well. The point is we should explore the real first, before suspecting the imaginary. Be sure to read and follow the pesticide product label. The label is the the final word on what does or does not constitute a legal and safe application. Stockman's Roundup: What's the best way to select a herd?- fx 4 ' .I' I A bod Paweiek OSU Extension Agent Livestock and Range We cowboys and ranchers consider ourselves to be experts in a lot of different fields. On of them is football Especially Texas ranchers. We attend Texas A & M games every year and watch the hicks from Missouri come down and demolish our spirits as well as our football team. There are a lot of fanners in the stands too. You can spot the fanners in the stands real easy. They're the ones wearing the "gimme" caps from the Case IH dealership and constantly yelling advice to the coach. The morning after the game at the coffee shop, we all have lots of advice as to what the Aggies should have done on third down and whether they should have punted or passed. But you know, I got to thinking, farmers and ranchers would really make lousy football coaches. Now I'm going to draw a few parallels on how it would work if a rancher coached a football team the way he manages his cow herd. Imagine if you will, a rancher football coach and certain players don't show up for practice. He saysThat's alright Billy. You don't need to show up for practice because you're a good guy and I'll give you another chance." Players whodon'teven show up for games, the fanner coach would say, "Oh that's alright that you didn't show up for the game. Maybe you'll show up for the game next time. Now that's really the kind of excuses ranchers make about their cows that don't have calves; so I assume that if they were coaches, they would make similar excuses for the players who don't show up. Let's figure up how we ranchers would select our team members. The first thing we would do is select them by visual appearance. We would line up our squad. We'd walk out and say, "Hey, you look like a guard, so you play guard. You look like a tackle; you're wide in the hips and shoulders, and obviously function follows form, so you play tackle. Oh, here's a long-legged tall one that has lots of frame-we know that long-legged tall ones run fast and catch passes. So you can be the tight end." Here comes the important part where we select the quarterback for the team. Now keep in mind that the quarterback for a football team is somewhat similar to the bulls we used in the herd, so let's select a quarterback the same way we select our bulls. We would say, "Son, you're going to be the quarterback because your mother was an Olympic swimmer, your dad played for the Boston Red Sox, and your grandmother won the pickled beets competition at the Crook County Fair four years in a row. Therefore, you have a wonderful pedigree to be a quarterback. You have slim hips, wide hands, and a square jutting jaw, therefore, you are a quarterback." You will probably agree, you wouldn't have much of a football team if this was the way you selected the players. Yet, in a sense, isn't this really the way we are running our cowherd? Not pregnancy checking cows, letting them run around all year long dropping calves all over the place so they can calve when they want to and not have a breeding season. When it comes to selecting cattle for reproductive traits, we throw research out the window and buy cows that are socially acceptable. After all, what would the neighbor's cows think if you bred your Polled Herfords to a Shorthorn bull? Because we all have a tendency to accentuate our own biases, as well as to run our herd the way Grandpa did, we'll continue to select our cowherd the same way we would put together a football team. Who knows, maybe Jimmy Johnson will quit coaching the Cowboys and get into ranching. Handling stress a family affair If there's one thing you can always count on, its change. And change brings stress which can be either good or bad. If there is not too much change at once and if you cope with the change, the stress helps you move from square one and do new things. But stress becomes a problem when too many things change too quickly and you don't have time to adjust. The suggestions offered for April are some of the ways your family can cope with stress. Suggested Family Activities For April: 1. Walk briskly several blocks away from home. Turn around and walk just as briskly back home. 2. Talk of pleasant things while walking: fun times you've had in the past, gifts given and received, hopes fulfilled, friends you'd like to see, funny incidents you can laugh at without hurting anyone's feelings. 3. Use the lower weekend rate and phone somebody long-distance. Let everyone take turns talking. 4. Rent a comedy video. Watch it as a family and give a prize to the person whose laughter makes everyone else laugh harder. , 5. Buy a greeting card for someone you haven't heard from in two or three years. Let everyone write a note on the card, and mail it.