Image provided by: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs; Warm Springs, OR
About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Feb. 27, 1987)
c Sl'ILYAY TYIVIOO WAKM SPRINGS, OKKCOIN 9776! February 27, 1987 Pup Parents use different techniques with theirchildren The methods many parents use to get children to do things, or to stop doing certain things. Tall into five categories or techniques. Some parents may successively shift through each of these categories while trying to get little Joel to put his wagon away. First there is the demanding par ent. Me or she gives a simple posi tive command: "Joel, I want you to put your wagon away." Many beha viors can be taught with short orders rather than cluttering your requests with words that children learn to turn off. There is the negative parental approach in which the parent tells the child what not to do: "Joel, don't leave your wagon in the yard." I n this approach, however, the child isn't told what the parent wants him or her to go ahead and do. A child's life is full of don'ts. Children need to know what to do in addi tion to what not to do. The threatening parent tells the child he'll be punished in some way: "Joel, if you don't put your wagon away. I'll hide it and you'll never get again." Will you really do that or are you making empty threats? Threatening communica tion is a tiresome style for kids to endure. In the punishment style the par ent puts the wagon away without comment to the child and forbids use of it the next day. But how will children learn if you aren't a posi tive teacher? The reasoning parent explains the cause and effect: "Joel, put your wagon in the basement because it will get wet outside and the rain will rust it." The reasoning parent is the best teacher. This parent creates a posi tive attitude toward the instruc tion, increases the child's knowl edge, and develops a routine behavior pattern for similar situations in the future. While some ways of communi cating lake more time than others, the time-consuming methods are often more effective in teaching children appropriate behavior. Good behavior a learned trait Good citizenship isn't something you're born with it's something you learn. And it's something you can teach young people, as a volun-teer4-H leader. Want togct involved in your community's future? Then help young people learn to get involved? Teach them to care, to ask questions, and to be leaders. And you'll find the deepest sense of satisfaction you've ever known. Call yourcounty Extension office. Give something back to your commun ity by helping its young people grow. Be a volunteer 4-H leader it's a great feeling! CCCv ORGGONSTATG UNIVERSITY OCTGIMSIOSM SERVICG The Oregon State University Extension Service oilers educational programs, activities and materials without regard to race, color, sex, age, religion, national origin or disability. Clay Penhollow Mollie Marsh Arlene Bolleau Joan David Seek doctor's help if you suffer hearing loss Tips given on planting shrubs Do you find that familiar Sounds ImnaireH hparino ran hi HnvDb w A are not as loud as they used to be? If so, see a physician about it. Hearing impairments can often be treated, but you must seek help first. A loss of hearing may be caused by a variety of conditions, includ ing a build-up of wax in the ear, an ear infection, prolonged exposure to noise, head injuries, certain drugs, other health problems, heredity, and age-related changes in the ear. Studies show that 30 percent of people 65 through 74 years of age, and almost 50 percent of those 75 to 79 years old suffer some degree of hearing loss. Evaluate credit insurance carefully Youve just bought a new car and the lender suggests credit insu rance so the loan would be paid "in case anything happens." Should you purchase credit insurance? Each person has to evaluate his or her situation when it comes to credit insurance. You need to assess your overall financial status when considering the purchase of credit insurance. If you have sufficient life insurance or savings to cover your debts, then you probably don't need it. Credit insurance on consumer loans is big business. Nearly 70 mil lion policies with a coverage of almost $200 billion were issued in 1985 to insure individual borrow ers against default on car loans,- personal loans or other extensions of consumer credit, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Credit insurance, designed to re pay a borrower's debt in the event of death, disability or loss of prop erty, comes in three basic types: credit life, credit account and health, and credit property insurance. Credit life insurance is the type most com monly purchased by consumers. It is usually written as declining term insurance. Accident and health insurance will repay a debt during a period in which the borrower suffers a loss of income due to illness or injury. Such policies often feature a clause requiring the borrower to be dis abled for a specified period of time before insurance payments begin. Credit property insurance insures property purchased with the pro ceeds of a loan or to insure prop erty used as collateral for a loan. Credit insurance may have advan tages for some individuals. It is convenient to buy and available in small amounts. The premium rate is constant and doesn't depend on the size of the loan or the insured's health or age. Generally no proof of insurability is required and the policy can't be cancelled. For older borrowers, or for those who can not afford or medically qualify for regular life insurance, credit insu rance may be a worthwhile buy. The disadvantage is cost. Credit Insurance is often very expensive in comparison to other forms of insurance. Consumers may be able to find the same protection at less cost. For instance, younger bor rowers can usually add coverage to an existing term life policy for less money. Like any financial decision, the consumer needs to evaluate his or her situation before deciding to accept or reject the credit insurance offered by the lender. Impaired hearing can be devas tating in many ways. It can hinder communication with others, limit social activities, and reduce the monitoring of one's environment. For example, persons with a hearing loss may not hear a car coming or the honking of a horn. In group situations, hearing loss may cause individuals to become suspi cious of others they're not sure if someome is talking to them or about them. Hearing loss frequently causes a person to withdraw socially to avoid the frustration and embarrassment of not being able to understand what is being said. The older hearing impaired person is sometimes wrong ly labeled as "confused," "unres ponsive," or "uncooperative." Some common signs of hearing impairment are: Words are difficult to understand. Sounds such as the dripping of a faucet or the high notes of a violin cannot be heard. A hissing or ringing background noise is heard continually. Other people's speech sounds slurred or mumbled. Television programs, concerts, and social gatherings are less enjoy able because much goes unheard. If you are having trouble hear ing, see your doctor for treatment or referral to a hearing specialist. Don't ignore loss of hearing. You may be overlooking a serious medical problem that is treatable. Help is available in the form of surgery, treatment with medicines, special training, a hearing aid or other listening devices. Good hear ing adds quality to life. Many types of trees now avail able at garden centers for trans planting in the home landscape are balled and burlapped. Planting them isn't difficult, but following a few simple directions will get the tree off to a good start. A balled and burlapped tree has its t oots covered with a ball of soil that is then covered with burlap. This is done to protect the tree roots during transplanting and to lessen transplant shock. Balled and burlapped transplants available in garden stores now are evergreens such as conifers, pines and firs, and evergreen shrubs, such as rhododendrons. Balled and burlapped trees usu ally get off to a faster start than bare-root transplant trees because roots aren't disturbed during planting. However, even though the roots of the trees are covered, they are very susceptible to damage during transportation from the store and during storage. Recommendations are to pro tect a balled and burlapped trans plant tree or shrub from the wind and sun even when transporting it a short distance. After getting the tree or shrub home, plant it as soon as possible. Balled and burlapped trees and shrubs that can't be planted right away should be "heeled in," which involves digging a shallow trench that the plant is put in. Be careful to place the plant in an upright position and then cover its bur lapped portion with bark, sawdust or other organic insulating material. The planting hole for the tree or shrub should be one foot wider and the same depth as the root-soil ball. When chosing a location for the transplant, remember that most trees and shrubs grow best in well drained soils. Garden planning essential Success in the home garden is largely determined by good planning. In most cases, the more success ful home gardeners are the good ones who plan what they want to do. A lot of gardeners find the plan ning almost as much fun as the gardening. Begin by deciding how big the garden plot will be and how much produce your family can use. As far as possible, plant at times that will make vegetables available through out the entire growing season. Select seed that is adapted to your area and plant it at the times recommended on the seed packets. Garden stores usually have infor mation on types of vegetables that grow well locally. Before planting, prepare the gar den soil thoroughly. Use two or five wheel-barrow loads of well rotted manure or compost for each 100 square feet of garden area. A complete commercial fertilizer, 5-10-10 or similar, may be used in addition to, or in place of, the manure and compost. Apply the fertilizer at a rate of four cups per 100 square feet. M ix the fertilizer with the garden soil at least six inches deep. Work the surface soil thoroughly to pre pare a fine seed bed. Gardeners who have been grow ing vegetables on the same plot of ground for several years should consider some crop rotation. Crop rotations help control plant diseases such as root-knot, clubroot. fusarium wilt and potato scab. These diseases build up in the soil if one crop is planted in the same spot year after year. Another advantage of shifting crops around into different areas is that vegetables such as peas or beans, which are legumes, can take nitrogen out of the air and put it into the soil. There are many plans and ideas on what should be planted where in the garden. Some gardeners adhere strictly to traditional plans, others use whatever layout is convenient for them. 4-H camp sponsored Prune raspberry bushes to stimulate production The camp will concentrate on developing: leadership skills, posi tive communication techniques and explore 4-H camp counselor expec tations. Any Warm Springs 9th I2th grader is welcome to attend. If you are interested in expand ing your leadership skills, this is the perfect opportunity. Sessions will be taught by OSU Specialists and 4-H Agents. You will meet new friends, as well, since youths from ten counties will be attending. The camp will be held April 10 12 in Goldendale, Washington. If you are interested please contact Joni David at 553-1 161 , ext. 238 or 239. Slides and Five factors that affect blood pressure tapes useful aides Exercise: Most experts suggest aerobic exercise for 20 to 30 min utes at least three times a week to lower mildly elevated blood pressure. Potassium: High intake appears to lower high blood pressure slightly. Eat three to four servings of grain products, fresh fruits, and vegeta bles daily to maintain potassium intake. Calcium: Extra calcium may lower high blood pressure. Eat low-sodium, low-fat milk products to get the recommended daily allowance of calcium (1,000 mg for men; 1,000 to 1 ,500 for women). Polyunsaturated fat: (corn, soy, safflower oil). Lowers high blood pressure in some cases. Despite potential benefits, daily intakeshould be no more than 10 to 1 2 percent of total calories. Vegetarian diet: Lowers high blood pressure, perhaps because it is low in sodium and high in potassium, polyunsaturated fat, and fiber. Sodium: High intake increases blood pressure. Limit intake to three grams a day by avoiding high-sodium foods and not adding salt during cooking or eating. Stress: Effect may vary greatly, but repeated stress appears to raise blood pressure, while relaxation techniques may lower blood pressure. Obesity: Gaining excess weight, especially between ages 24 to 26, usually raises blood pressure; los ing weight at a moderate pace almost always lowers high blood pressure. Smoking: Don't smoke. Smok ing briefly increases blood pressure and clearly contributes to heart disease. Alcohol: Limit intake to two ounces a day (equivalent to two four-ounce glasses of wine, two eight-ounce glasses of beer, or two shots of spirits). Greater amounts can raise blood pressure. "Off" appliances can kill Always unplug any small electri cal product after using it, cautions the Association of Home Appliance Manufactured AH AM), Underwri ters Laboratories (UL). Don't assume that if the switch is "off," there's no danger of electro cution. This may not be true if the product comes into contact with water. Electrocutions may occur in kitchens, bathrooms, or outdoors anywhere near water sources. Never use any electrical product while bathing, or never put one where it can drop or be pulled into the tub or sink. If the appliance accidentally falls into the water, don't reach into the water for it. Unplug it immediately at the wall outlet. Never leave a small portable electrical appliance within the reach of small children. Children left unattended could pull the"plugged in but switched-off" appliance into the tub or sink and risk being electrocuted. Salads a good alternative Salads have become a popuiai alternative to the standard Ameri can fare of meat and potatoes, offering a great variety in flavor and texture without adding unwanted fat and salt. However, an examina tion of a typical restaurant salad bar indicates that consumers with special dietary concerns need to exercise a certain amount of cau tion when selecting from among as many as 20 taste-tempting ingredients. For example, dressings may be high in calories and sodium, as are such items as cheese, meat or bacon. Best choices: lettuce, spinach, cucum bers, radishes, carrots, tomatoes and onions with a simple lemon juice or diluted vinegar and oil dressing. Slides videotapes are available through the Extension office and add a lot to club meetings. Come look through the catalog and see what meets your clubs needs. We can photocopy pages from the cata log for you. You must order the slides 3-4 weeks ahead of when youU need them. Please plan ahead. They can be mailed to you or you can pick them up at the Extension office. Something new this year: 4-H leaders using slides or videotapes from OSU must now pay return postage for them. Winter rains not enough Don't count on the winter rains to provide water to all plants in the home landscape. Many plants grow in areas pro tected from the rains. Plants under neath the wide eaves on many Oregon homes, for example, may be quite dry. Rain water doesn't spread into sheltered areas, so you may need to get out the garden hose and give sheltered plants a watering. Although most landscape plants are dormant in the winter, they still use some water. And with more cold winter weather coming up, a well-watered plant has greater pro tection against freezing than a dry one. Pruning red raspberries now will stimulate spring growth and berry production for next summer. It's important to prevent rasp berry bushes from growing in a tangled thicket by pruning and training them. Prune to remove weak canes and the tips of long canes and to help maintain some sort of trellis sys tem. The canes of one-crop varie ties are biennial in habit. They grow the first year and make fruit the second year. The new canes that appeared last summer will yield next summer's berries. Although pruning the new canes will remove some flower buds that would form fruit, the remain ing buds will make larger and bet ter fruit. Canes that bore fruit last summer should have been removed by now. If not remove them first. Then cut out all but 10 to 12 healthy new canes for each plant. The weak and spindly canes should be taken out first. Then select the healthiest canes grown last summer to leave for fruiting this year. There are several methods of trellising or holding the canes erect. The simplest is a strong wire set about five feet off the ground, att ached to posts. The canes are tied to the wire. Some gardeners use a three-wire support where two parallel wires are placed a couple feet off the ground. The canes are trained between the two wires and the tops are tied to a third wire five feet off the ground. Once the pruning is finished, the remaining canes should be tied to the top wire of the trellis system with a strong twine. Then prune off the cane ends six inches to a foot above the wire. Drunk driving laws tough? If you think U.S. drunk driving laws are tough, here are examples from other countries. Australia The name of the drivers are sent to the local news paper and are printed under the heading 'He's drunk and in jail.' Malaya The driver is jailed and if he's married his wife is jailed, too. United Kingdom, Finland and Sweden Automatic jail term of one year. South Africa A ten-year pri son sentence and the equivalent of "a $10,000 fine, or both. Turkey Drunk drivers are taken 20 miles from town by the police and are forced to walk back under escort. Bulgaria A second conviction results in execution. San Salvador Your first offense is your last. Execution by firing squad. Reported in "Tale Lites" publi cation of the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Division. 4-H teaches leadership Teaching young people to take charge that's part of the 4-H. As a volunteer 4-H leader, you can guide young people up the rungs of the leadership ladder teaching them self confidence, poise, decision mak ing and leadership skills. It's your chance to give young people a head start on life to help them be their Good 'old Cleaners Some houseplants can clean the air in homes V 4 tit r Vinegar and baking soda are staple items in just about every household. But most people don't realize just how versatile they can be as cleaning agents. Many times in the bathroom around the bathtub shower fixtures there will be a mineral deposit from water that has dried and cvapo rated. Vinegar's very good at break ing dow n these mineral compounds. Vinegar's also good for getting the odor Irom pet stains out of carpet. Ammonia mixed with vinegar is good at cutting greasy soils and cleaning windows. Baking soda's an excellent cleaner, both for clean ing the inside of refrigerators, ranges. It's also good in a paste form to clean the top of a kitchen counter without scratching it. For just a few cents vinegar and baking soda will perform exactly like the expensive commercial cleaners. Several houseplants appear to have air purifying characteristics, according to scientists at the Natio nal Space Technologies Lab in Mississippi. These plants include spider plant, golden polthos, peace lily and Chi nese evergreen. They can cleanse the air of carbon minoxide. nitro gen dioxide, and formaldehyde. According to one of the scient ists, a spider plant place in a sealed chamber filled with formaldehyde can reduce the concentration by 85 percent within 24 hours. (They dont say how big the chamber is.) They go on to say that in an average-sized house, as few as 15 plants might significantly cleanse the air. best and to be creative, caring, involved human beings. What do you get out of it? How about more time with your own kids, a feeling of satisfaction, and the knowledge that you're learning as much as your kids are! Call your county Extension office today volunteer for 4-H. Skewers! I Vi ounces Monterey Jack, mild cheddar or M uenster cheese, cut in !4-inch cubes. 8 chunks Vi-inch each fresh fruit such as apple, banana, pineapple, peach, melon etc. Alternately skewer cheese cubes and fruit chunks on toothpicks. Yield: one portion. Per portion: 319 mg. calcium, 190 calories. i