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About Eugene register-guard. (Eugene, Or.) 1930-1983 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 21, 1962)
et-uatft Below Olympus Pages From Our Past AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER ALTON F. BAKER, Publisher, 1927-1961 ALTON F. BAKER JR. Editor and Publisher EDWIN M. BAKER General Manager RICHARD A. BAKER Managing Editor- ROBERT B. FRAZIER Associate Editor A. H. CURREY Associate Editor The Register-Guard's policy is the complete and impartial publication in its news pages of all news and statements on news. On this page, the editor of the Register-Guard offer their opinions on events of the day and matters of importance to the community, endeavoring to be candid but fair and helpful in the development of construc tive community policy. A newspaper is a CITIZEN OF ITS COMMUNITY. Published every evening and Sunday morning by the Guard Publishing Co. 8A EUGENE, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, NOV. 21, 1962 Will We Be Beaten at Our Own Game? ;, Now, in Moscow, Premier Khrushchev has served notice that he intends to get his country moving ahead economically at a better rate. And he may be just the guy that can do it. ' Those who recall President John F. Kennedy's first major speeches after his election in 1960 can see exceptional sig nificance now in the fact that Khru ghchev is following Kennedy's lead in at tempting to spur national productivity. It would be a delusion to think, even for an instant, that Khrushchev is reorganiz ing industrial and agricultural systems n the USSR simply to provide a higher itandard of living for Soviet citizens. I Khrushchev has recognized, pragmat ically, that the struggle for world -leadership will more likely be won by the (ystem which can prove itself the best producer of the sinews of war. Military 0se of these sinews may never come, rideed, such use may never be neces sary if, in cold war demonstrations, either the tJ.S. or the USSR can prove capabilities the other would be foolhardy to challenge. The USSR and its Communist allies carried out a scries of dramatically suc cessful economic bluffs during the 1950s. For a time, they had such nations as India, Egypt even Great Britain be lieving that they could give them im portant economic assistance, or at least extraordinarily good trade deals. China, of course, was materially aided by the Soviet Union in these years. But, slowly, more and more nations peeked carefully Into the horn of plenty which Moscow brandished, and they saw how it had been carefully packed to appear brimful when, in reality, it was shockingly empty deep inside. . In Berlin, in the Congo, in China, India, Poland, Hungary, and a dozen other places, the falsity of Communists' economic pledges and boastings became more and more apparent. Now Khrushchev has recognized that bluffing and big talk is no longer worth the effort. Realist that he is, the Soviet premier is accepting the dictum that deeds speak louder. He knows that un less he really does get his country mov ing ahead more rapidly, the Communist system will never win the world through cold war techniques. And, that all-out war would be a gamble of sheer despera tion, with no chance of winning through deceit and bluffing. President Kennedy called Khrushchev in the Cuban showdown, and the So viet leader chose not to reveal his hole card. Instead, he tossed in his hand and called for a new deal. Khrushchev hopes that reshuffling the Soviet econ omy will let him develop a pat hand. He will draw new cards as often as he thinks he can, and he'll meanwhile be watchful of the cards held by the U.S. and other nations of the Free World. There is a striking parallel between the course Khrushchev has set for the USSR and that which President Kennedy has urged the U.S. to pursue in its own national interest. Obviously, the Soviet premier is in much better position to exert leadership upon which the destiny of his nation, and the world, will depend. Accordingly, it remains to be seen if the U.S. people will recognize the challenge their President warned them of two years ago. By our own free will, Americans can assure that Khrushchev does not beat us at the game he now freely admits he has been learning from our past examples. We can and we must if we wish to retain free will for our selves and see it acquired by the people of other nations perhaps, someday, even the citizens of the USSR. Jn the Middle ' The world is not all lined up, red and white. National self-interest still plays the most important role. The rule is, "My enemy's friend is my enemy, my enemy's enemy my friend." That's Paki stan's problem right now. Its enemy has friends that Pakistan once regarded as its friends. '' Pakistan and India have maintained a nervous cold war of their own, each looking suspiciously at the disputed Kashmir. Pakistan has also been a valu able ally of the West, holding member ship in both SEATO and CENTO. But, anti-Communist as it has been, Pakistan lias regarded the Communist threat as the lesser threat. The real one has been India. Now India is in a shooting war with Red China. The United States and Great Britain, Pakistan's allies all these years, are supporting India, which is more than India ever did for them. This angers Pakistan, which regards arms shipments to India as arms shipments that might someday be used in the Kashmir, against Pakistan. Pakistan regards the American and British attitude as one of ingratitude toward Pakistan. There is talk of an "agonizing reappraisal" of Pakistan's position, and some suggestion that the nation might be happier among the neutrals. The truth, of course, is that Ameri can and British aid to India should not be regarded as a suggestion of hostility toward Pakistan. The aid is going to India for quite another reason. And, in the long run, Pakistan might be mindful of who will be next if the Red Chinese do complete their "historic mission" in India. Savings Insurance In 1933, as one of a series of moves to restore public confidence in our na tional banking system, the Federal De posit Insurance Corp. was created. This agency provided the mechanism through which individual bank accounts could be insured, up to a maximum of $5,000. Now it is being suggested that the FDIC maximum be raised to J25.000 on each account. Currently, the maximum is $10,000, the same as it has been since 1950. If, as Washington authorities say, the new federal deposit insurance ceiling could be established without increasing premium rates to banks and without stretching FDIC's reserves to the peril point, the proposed change seems en tirely sensible. So does a companion proposal that the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp. be permitted to boost its insurance on savings and loan association accounts. The present $10,000 insurance ceil ings have prompted many savers to split their deposits among two or more banks andor thrift associations simply to be sure of maximum insurance cover age. Corporations, lodges, labor organi zations and other big savers, accordingly, sometimes have flocks of different sav ings accounts. It would promote efficiency in our savings systems, generally, if the next Congress were to authorize the proposed deposit insurance increases by both the FDIC and the FSLIC. Furthermore, it might encourage greater use of bank and savings and loan association thrift ac counts. This, in turn, could make more money available for productive use in our national economy at slightly reduced loan rates. With more of our earnings put back to work creating new earnings, new jobs, additional impetus for our national economic growth might be promoted. Brewing Trouble? Word from behind the Iron Curtain is that citizens of Soviet Russia and Po land are paying 30 to 60 times as much for a pound of tea as it costs their gov ernments to import the stuff. Russians and Poles are confirmed tea drinkers. Accordingly, their governments should consider carefully the end results pos sible in this situation. Colonial Americans were confirmed tea drinkers, too. They, too, were re quired to pay heavy tribute on their tea. It wasn't long before their addiction to reasonably priced tea proved stronger than their tolerance of government highhandedness. Boulders Rafted by Ice (niZffltiffSesWl,unhiaprG: """""" "It's the annual 'Recruiting of Engineers by American Indus try for Jobs After Graduation' in other words, 'ain't you glad you didn't major in the humanities?' , ." By KENNETH L. HOLMES Professor of History - ' Llofleld College We have received a copy of a new book published by Bin fords & Mort in Portland and entitled "Scenic Geology of the Pacific Northwest," written by Leonard C. Ekman, professor of geology at Wenatchee Val ley College in Washington. Al though one might aim criticism at the book, mainly that some of the prose is purplish and some adjectives tend to be over worked, Ekman's book is sure to be of interest and value espe cially for the general public of our area. A section of "Scenic Geology of the Pacific Northwest" with the engagingly simple title, "Erratics," caught my eye, and that is what I would like to write about today. The erratics referred to are not people, but boulders., Pro fessor Ekman tells us that they are to be found in many places in the Northwest. They are boulders, large and small, that seem completely out of place in the location where they lie. He tells of one made of granite just off U. S. Highway 97 in the Okanogan Valley in Washing ton. It was delivered to that lo cation by an ancient glacier thousands of years ago. . "Suppose," he writes, "that this large rock was once a part of a cliff overlooking a broad expanse of ice creeping slowly down the valley below. Water could have penetrated the cracks which separated the jock from the parent granite. Then, when cold weather came, the water would have turned to ice. Frozen water expands, and, though it may not seem possi ble, large rocks are actually moved when a considerable amount of water in the crevices around them freezes. This boulder was no doubt freed in such "a manner. Suddenly it rumbled down the valley slope, the roar echoing in the icy air. Down the hill it sped to meet In The Editor's J Mailbag 'Perhaps the Answer' EUGENE (To the Editor) For years Democrats have had to take it from the press. Will you deny, in print, Mr. Editor, that the press has been 65 to 75 per cent pro-Republican for the past half century? The fact is, the Democrats still "get it." Tune in Dan Smoot some Sun day afternoon, any Sunday af ternoon, and hear the President of the United States malicious ly maligned. Please check, oc casionally, the attitude of our state's largest paper, the Ore gonian. You will find that this "Independent Republican news paper" is anything but gentle in its treatment of the liberal party. Did not you, yourself, Mr. Editor and member of the press, heartily support the candidacy of Mr. Nixon in 1960? Fortunately, Democratic pol iticians understand the political facts of life. If you can't take it, public life is not the place for you. Now, Mr. Nixon could dish it out (Truman and Stevenson were traitors, remember?), but if there ever was a classic ex ample of one who could Rive it but could not take, Mr. Nixon is it. What is really surprising is that so many supporters of this man are just as thin skinned. What a hue and cry! What an effeminate, whimp ering, head on chest attitude of hurt! Such whining of "How could you!" My, my. All of you could take a lesson from the life of that great lady who "took it" for decades with equanimity and grace, Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt. But perhaps the answer to all this anguish is that the truth is sometimes painful. ROBIN It. HOLMBERG 20 Clearvue St. License Trouble SPRINGFIELD (To the Edi tor) Now that the election is over and 1963 dog license will soon be due, 1 wish to talk about the dog control laws. My husband was arrested, fingerprinted, and photo graphed for failure to buy a dog license for a 10 year old, half blind Chihuahua dog, that is kept at all times in the house or car; and not allowed to leave our fenced yard. We are being taken to court over this deal, and I don't know what ails two lawyers. I called one, and one I talked to in person and paid a fee. But all they would do was quote the dog law, that says only seeing eye dogs, breeders and show dogs are exempt from buying license. We know there are hundreds of little dogs in Lane County that are pets and taken care of that do not have license nor have they ever had, and still we are being brought into court by the dog control board for not obtaining a dog license. We bought dog license for the last 16 years, and half of that time for 2 dogs. Now, what is the matter with the dog control laws that some dogs are al lowed to run over flowers and lawns and atill we don't get paid for it as sheep men do for killed animals. We, the small dog owner, pays for that too why let this go on, come on folks, let me hear from you. MISS. ARNOLD MEYER 1026 Fairview Drive ( EDITOR'S NOTE: Mr. Meyer was arrested hy the Lane Coun ty Sheriff's Office on a Lane District Court warrant charging failure to procure a dog license. The warrant was filed in court by the county dog control offi cer. Sheriff Harry Marlowe said it is "standard procedure" to fingerprint and photograph all persons arrested by the de partment and brought to head quarters. Meyer posted $25 bail and was released. His wife, appearing in his behalf in Lane District Court, pleaded guilty and was fined $5 and assessed $5 court costs). , David Lawrence 'Law of Land' Legal Fallacy y y MtJ , Lawrence WASHINGTON The use of troops at the University of Mis sissippi has cost the federal government more than $2 mil lion. This figure has just been revealed by the General Ac counting Office in a communi cation to Sen. A. Willis Rob ertson, Demo crat of Virginia, who is chair man of the Sen ate Banking and Currency Committee. The figure covers only the extra cost of transportation and other expenses that would not otherwise have been incurred for the federal troops, and in cludes all costs resulting from the calling of the National Guard into federal service. It docs not take into account as yet any of the expenses of the U.S. marshals, the FBI and oth er divisions of the Department of Justice. The expenses have been tabulated up to Nov. 1. State's Obligation The total expense, including the mobilization of 34,000 troops in Mississippi and adja cent states, may eventually reach at least $4 million, accord ing to unofficial estimates. There are federal troops as well as U.S. marshals still on duty in the vicinity of the University of Mississippi. Just what legal function these troops are performing today is not clear. The court order has been complied with, inasmuch as James Meredith has been en rolled in the university. It now is the obligation of the State of Mississippi and of the local authorities to maintain order. There is no federal law or court decision which gives the Presi dent the right to use the armed services merely to await a con tingency in which a state may fail or be unable to protect the residents of a state against vio lence. Right to Refuse If every riot or disturbance growing out of a debate or dis pute over a federal court de cision were to be policed by the federal government, the states would Le deprived of their right to do their own policing. In deed, there is a spirited contro versy as to whether the Missis sippi State Police who were on duty at the time of the riot on the university campus were actually prevented from main taining order by the action of the armed U.S. marshals, who were later joined by federal troops. This probably will be argued out someday when the State of Mississippi files in court its claim for $340,000 Peter Edson Red-Infested Countries Learning the Hard Way Edson WASHINGTON (NEA) Nations, like individuals, have to learn the simple facts of life the hard way. This is by experience. This homily is being cited i n diplomatic circles with ref erence to those nations that now find themselves in deep troubles caused by Com-' m u n i s t s and communism. For instance India, Cuba, Venezuela, Cey lon, Algeria. They haven't prof ited from the mistakes of others that have gone down the same tortuous trails before. Only a select few have been able to figure out the right an swers for themselves West Germany, the Philippines, Ma laya, Turkey. Several more have done it with outside help South Korea, South Viet Nam, (ireece, Nationalist China, Gua temala. Some nations seem to be in the process of learning, but haven't made much progress United Arab Republic. Yugo slavia, Laos, Iraq, Indonesia, Brazil and numerous others. From these several classifi cations it is easy to see what the lesson is they all have to learn. It is simply that com munism doesn't work in the long run. It may score temporary suc cesses, as in Russia, devil's ad vocate for this system. All the lecturing, all the friendly advice, all the diplo matic coaching by experts, all the foreign aid, technical assist ance, all the money in the free world in loans or grants, all the words in any or all lan guages don't seem to put this message across. Each nation must learn this lesson for itself, hy trial and error, as little Guinea has most recently shown. A new nation's leaders who get the gleam of Communist propaganda in their eyes can not be prevented from seeing visions. They lead their people down paths toward an imagin ary peaceful co-existence. Or they follow an equally danger ous line of political neutralism, thinking they can be friends with both Communist and free world governments.' It simply doesn't work. India is, of course, the No. 1 example of a young nation that thought it could sweetly reason with the Red Chinese neighbor on the north. India ap parently did not maintain even the most rudimentary intellig ence surveillance on its north ern frontier. Not having taken part in the Korean fighting, In dia never learned how hard the Red Chinese hordes can wage war. So India got clobbered, learning its lesson the hard way. At one time Venezuela's Ro mulo Bctancourt was considered a great leftist sympathizer and even a Communist collaborator. Returning to his country from exile after the Perez-Jiminez dictatorship was overthrown, Betancourt became president. Bctancourt is learning now, the hard way, that most of his troubles, sabotage of his coun try's oil fields and violent revo lutionary uprisings have come from the Communists. Betan court holds Castro Cubans re sponsible. Wherever .the Red opposition comes from, the Venezuelans are learning that it is impossible to compromise with communism. Castro himself, who thought he could get everything he want ed for Cuba and for alt Latin America from the Communists, is now finding out what a false friend the Soviet Union can be when the Russians find it ad vantageous to go back on their word. Ceylon, a member of the British Commonwealth which should know better, is now cm harked on an economic program of nationalism, socialism and co operation with the Communist bloc that can lead only to bank ruptcy. Ceylon's only hope for the future is in developing more trade with the free world. Still Ceylon votes for admission of Red China to the United Na tions. Even Brazil is flirting with the Communist bloc at a dangerous ly increasing rate. Only after Russian missile bases were dis covered on Cuba did the Brazil ians support a boycott. Even so, a Brazilian official has proposed bringing Castro Cuba back into the Organization of American States. In the refrain of the ballad now so popular. "When will they learn? When will they learn?" properly damage sustained by the university. The contention will be made by the state that the use of federal troops to put down a local riot was a violation of the Constitution and was not sanc tioned by any law of Congress or by any court decision. In fact, the troops and armed mar shals were ordered into action before the full Supreme Court of the United States had passed upon an appeal from a U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals de cision that Meredith must be admitted to the university. A citizen has the right to refuse to comply with a court order or decision and to take the risk of a conviction for contempt and then imprisonment. But he also has the right to petition for an appeal all the way up to the Supreme Court of the United States. It is often contended that Su preme Court decisions are "the law of the land," but the de cisions of the highest federal court actually are only "the law of the case." Many cases differ from one another in facts and circumstances. John C. Satter field, who served as president of the American Bar Assn. un til last summer, dwelt on this very point in a speech before the national convention of the American Legion shortly after the Mississippi incident. He is one of the lawyers recently called in by the Stale of Mis sissippi. He said: "There is one legal fallacy against which we should be on guard when we consider others with whom we may disagree. That is the fallacy widely dis seminated during the past few years that a decision of a court is 'the law of the land.' I have the greatest respect for our courts the Supreme Court of the United States and our feder al and state courts and yet court decisions are not, never have been and never will be 'the law of the land.' "Court decisions are 'the law of the case.' Nevertheless, on every hand you hear the saying that a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States is 'the law of the land' and must be obeyed by everyone, whether he or she was a party to a par ticular case or not. The Other Side "Courts are not governed by predilections and desires. They are governed by facts which appear in the records. Other cases decided upon other rec ords between other parties and under different circumstances are only persuasive precedents until they are overruled. Until overruled, they may be differ entiated by differing facts and differing elements." From the other side of the fence a spokesman for the U.S. Department of Justice comes a comment that indicates that even a law cannot accom plish very much in the face of the adverse sentiment of a com munity. Deputy Atty. Gen. Nicholas Katzenbach made a speech last Sunday before the first Human Rights College Con ference for the students of New York City, held at Cooper Un ion. He had dealt with the Mississippi controversy at first hand for the Department of Justice. He said in his speech: "I think we have to reckon with the fact that the gulf ex ists because the Supreme Court decision cannot remake educational systems or the habits of a community all at once. The court doesn't run the schools. It can't. The court can't even formulate specific plans for gradually bringing about integration in a commu nity. ... "Now, the difficulty here is that the law loses its power when there's too wide a gulf between the result which the law may reach and widespread social attitudes." (Copvricht. New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) the ice lying In wait to recelv it. Its final resting place was now to be decided by the power of the moving ice. How long the ice carried its burden it is hard to say. When the ice melted would have been the time the boulder settled into the soft . earth to become a lonely land mark for the cattlemen of to day." Other glacial erratics are found across Northern Wash ington wherever ice sheets probed south out of Canada long ago. In the Puget Sound trough erratics are common. There are some at Tenino 650 feet above sea level. A special problem is posed by the thousands of erratics in the Willamette Valley. I have a farmer friend near McMinn ville who has a pile to which he adds when he plows each year. I have heard that in th early days the farmers built fires near the granite boulders so that they would fragment into grit for their chickens. We have one fine large granite boulder right on the Linfield campus. The giant of all er ratics in the Willamette Valley is just off Highway 18 between McMinnville and Sheridan at Erratic Rock State Park. It is a great slab of slate lying on its side high above the valley floor and giving a magnificant view of the Willamette Valley. How did these great rocks get to the Willamette Valley? It is a different story than for their fellow-travelers farther north in Washington. It is thought that when the ice sheet melted, great icebergs broke away and floated down the Co lumbia in what has been called the Spokane flood. In winter the river froze over at several places with ice dams blocking its flow. This caused water to back up into the adjacent val-' leys, even the valley of the Wil lamette. The icebergs carried boulders of rock from Northern Washington and Southern Cana da embedded in them. They rafted these boulders into the temporary inland seas caused by the ice dams across the Co lumbia. The icebergs with their cargo of boulders drifted to the shores, and there the ice melted, dropping its load. The follow ing spring the water receded and the erratic travelers from the land to the north have stayed as permanent settlers. Thoughts But he turned and said to Peter, Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me; for you are not on the side of God, but of men. Matthew 16:23. Let a man be but in earnest in praying against a temptation as the tempter is in pressing it, and he needs not proceed by a surer measure. Bishop South. Thou didst trample the sea with thy horse, the surging of mighty waters. Habakkuk 3:15. There is a God! The sky His presence shares, His hand upheaves the billowi in their mirth, Destroys the mighty, yet the humble spares And with contentment crowns the thought of worth. Charlotte Cushman. Carmichael REWlEMB&R HOW l!KlrWDR0dtklA-rEl? MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATE! PRESS The Associated Presj it entitled exclusively to the use for republi cation of all the local news printed tn this newspaper. MEMBER OF THE AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS Service! United Press International WILLIAM WASMANN, Newi Edllor DO.NN L, BONHAM, City Editor ROSS o. JOHNSON. Advertising Director JARL FUGLE Circulation Manager ROBERT K. BERTSCH PromoUon W. B. JOHNSTON JR. Auditor ARNE STROMMER ProducUon
