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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 13, 1994)
I Th OREGON j STATESMAN, Salem. Oregon, Wednesday Morning, February 13. 194ft PAGE FOUR tefioti NWMM MM J I "No Favor Sway$ U$; No Far Shall Awt" From first S la teaman, March 2, 1831 THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher Member of the Associated Press Th Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of ail newt dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. IIoh Not lo Win Friend The formal disclosure that Russia did not enter the Pacific war until after exacting con cessions from her allies without whose help there is little doubt she already would have been prone and helpless comes a long way from allaying the current suspicion, justified or otherwise, that the Soviets have travelled but a very little way on the road to interna tional cooperation. If is not too important now that criticism may attach itself to former President Roosevelt and one-time Prime Minister Winston Church ill, in regard to the secret pact. What is import ant u Russia's all-too-apparent nationalistic selfishness which she has used in climbing to the sphere of world jjowers. The concession demand proved one or both of two things; that Russia was confident the allies would win the Pacific war anyway but sought to get all possible benefits from it, or that she felt she could deal with Japan alone in her own gtd time in event the Nipponese forced a peace. One thing Russia has done she has con vinced the world, by bluff or otherwise, that she u not afraid of anyone. It is about time the rest of the world let Russia know that the l'N(l,w'asn't formed just because of a fear of Russia. Concessions came easy. too. for Hitler when Britain and France first put up with his encroaches. We don't think Russia currently is looking for trouble with any major power, but the fact that she demanded concessions to fight for the friHids who literally helped her off the floor in't going to make it any easier for her to win friends or influence people. Aii Orileal Nt A Field Day Warden George Alexander is on the right track' in making executions at the state prison le of a field day. The lethal gas chamber now has been in use sufficiently long to have permitted full investigation of its operation by anyone with a right to know about it. Those who must go to their deaths in it no longer ned be treated a a guinea pig or as the center attraction in a one-ring circus. It is a queer form of doing penance for any one to subject himself as a witness to one of th unfort ur ate if necessary calamities of civili zation. No one is the loser by staying away. Arid 'neither should such ordeals be made ve hicle to satiate the sadistic tendencies of a few of the curious. Ttie warden by law is charged with admit ting legitimate witnesses in the proper num ber. He is not, compelled to invite or admit those who, have no good reason for being there,, 2,700.000 Hoiiinx Unit Accustomed to the dimensions of global war the American people perked up when President Truman er.dored a plan to provide 2,700.000 housing unit in the next two years. It had something of the old FDR breadth of gesture, like 50.000 airplanes and double or triple navies. It m of course pitiful for thousands to go virtually i oof less after the demonstration of construction work on a vast scale given during the war ries of camp buildings; Vast ware hoiw.v airstrips bulldoed out of coral nick; harbors ridj;ed for fleets of warships and Iran .po: ts. The piesent situation caljls for sim ilar width- of vision arid degree of courage that tarr ied the. war through. True, the major handi caps are lack of materials winch await expan sion of production; but the- government can't Jut flutter its wings futilely when the hous ing situation, is critical as it is. It must plan, expedite and if necessary execute. Salem shouldn't think it's the only town with a housing shortage.. Here's Aumsville the hou.se occupied by Mexicans working as railroad section hands was sold, no other was available so the workers returned to Mexico leaving the section bos without a crew. It would be bad if the SP has to stop operating because of no section crew at Aumsville. but at any rate the stoppage couldn't be blamed on a strike. Darkening bread by using more of the bran will release more wheat for fcurope in two ways: the bushel of wheat will yield more loaves of bread, and the people will not eat a much. Americans1 are white bread addicts. Conversely, the less bran the less millfeed for cows and ho?, hence less milk and meat. Our ne'v congressman. Walter Norblad, in a speech ht Bedford, Pa . said the disposal of surplus property has leeti "as badly managed a i humanly possible." Walter should be careful lest he .fall into -the habit of shooting from the mouth. The Chicago Sun says that President Tru man declares he doesrt want the presidency after 1948. Already many people are feeling the same way about him. In Chungking a meeting to celebrate national unitv broke up in a riot which arose when the crrwd started to elect a chairman. As Father Divine used to say, "Peace, it's wonderful." Not a very great rush to file for public office in this efcr elections. At prevailing official ki lane some may figure unemployment comp. is a be Hi r deal Tli" gnat question in Washington is whether to put ceiling on old houses. A new roof on fthc oidt r ones would be better. International Aviation . When ihe international aeronautics confer ence was held in Chicago last year there was sharp disagreement between the United State and Great Britain on the terms to prescribe for international aviation. In fact the confer ence broke up' with some major questions still in dispute, particularly the ones over freedom of planes to pick up passengers in foreign coun tries and how much competition should be al lowed. Britain favored a restrictive policy; the United States a liberal policy. j The issues were taken up again in a recent conference at Bermuda, ind tn agreement worked out which if ratified by the jgovern ments concerned will provide the rules of the game for commercial aviation ; between the United States and countries iri the British com monwealth: ' j Briefly the agreement permits the alrplines of both countries to pick up passengers destined fur a third country (the totalled -fifth free dom" which makes it possible to keep aircraft loaded to a profitable level along the entire route); establishes a rate determination policy with intergovernmental action to avoid rate wars and profiteering; outlines a world pattern of routes which each country will fly over the other's territory; provides a system of regular consultation on -all civil air problems between the United States and the United Kingdom, a' step described by both sides as the pchief feature" emerging from the conference, and finally arranges that the provisional interna tional civil aviation organization at Montreal he asked to give advisory opinion when a dis pute cannot be settled through bilateral con sultations. The agreement also opens up, subject to approval of local governments, military air bases for civilian use, and the United States is permitted to retain control of leased base areas. j ' It is not clear just how this agreement will settle the rate wars which have already been launched for transatlantic flights. Pan Ameri can, losing its fight for monopoly slashed rates heavily, which met with objection not only from its American competitors but from foreign countries. Just how the new rate control will work is not clear from the brief announcement. It is of great importance to resolve these differences so international and intercontinental flying may get off to a good start in the post war period. Bermuda has been more fruitful of good result than was Chicago. H Stalin and j former hditionally to enter 3 vt- - p Interpreting The Day's News By James D. White A Associated Praao Staff Wrttae SAN FRANCISCO. Feb. l.-(-The siory of the yearling Yalta agreemerftj which gives j Russia" the Kurile islands still isn't Jjcomplete. . . Here's the record, compiled from Associated Press files: Q Hi- The agreement was reached Feb. It. 1945, during the last day of the Yalta tails Involving the late President Roosevelt. Marshal. Prime Minister Churchill. t Under it, Russia agreed col the war against Japan Russia entered the war, pre sumahly on schedule, on August tf Trie red army conquered : j 'he Kiiriles, southern Sakhalin, noi th em Korea and Manchuria. Marshal Stalin, in a VJ day broadcast, told the Russian peojle that the Soviet union would re K on southern Sakhalin and he Kurile. lost to Japan in the v ir of 1904 ! 1 On Sept 4, Secretary of State lturnu t.M hia.nrMia ertnforeiiic that the United States was nof .' " J opposed to the position of. Russia on the ' Kurile islands and southern Sakhalin although, he. said, the matter would have to be settled definitely sometime at the potsdiam conference in July, and Byrnes replied that it had not, but Indicated that the discussion had taken place at Yalta the previous February. Silence Followed Followed then a sildnce which lasted until early 1946. when Japanese Reports trickled downj from the Kuriles and Sakhalin that! Russian occupation troops there had brought in j their families and otherwise seemed to contemplate permanent occu pation. Washington officials said the same thing. Jan. 22 Undersecretary of State Dean Atrieson said he understood the Russian occupation temporary. Whereupon Tass. jthe official news agency, announced on Jan. 26 it had authorized to disc-lose! that the Yalta agre "clearly set out" that after victory overj the Kuriles would be handed over to Russli that southern Sakhalin and its adjacent Islands would be returned. j j On Jan. 28. Secretray Byrnes, answering Dress conference Questions disclosed that he hadn't known about the agreement until a : few days after the Japanese surrender, although he said the military chiefs of staff had full knowledge of it at the time it was entered into.! ii He pointed out j the impossibility of announcing it before Russia entered the war, and said he saw no reason why the agreement shouldn't be pub lished now. : I But the state department said that j Britain and Russia would have to be consulted, and on Jan. 31 President Truman, said Russia and Britain vere being asked about it . and that if tftey had no objection it would be published. ) This was done, yesterday; revealing that the agreement promised Russia not only the Kuriles and Sakhalin, but the rights in Manchuria wfiich in the meantime have been formalized through a treaty witn china. Two; questions remain unanswered about Ithe whole business; 1. What part American andor British diplomacy the necessary arrangements with I hf bhhwI with Pwtaua SrwiUaU TW Wwktafftoa SUM Trying Out the Remedies ER7 I 033IDQ0 VFW to Stress Employment Of Veterans A movement tn stress the hir ing of unemployed veterans was voted into being at the regular monthly meeting of the Veterans of Foreign Wars Marion Post 661 Monday night. By means of publicity and ad vertising the post will endeavor to stir the local public Into giv ing jobs to veterans. Commander Harlan M.' Bones declared that the publicity given to patrioti; propaganda during the war should now be used to prod the public conscience as regards unemployed veterans. A committee has been appoint ed to launch the plan into oper ation. Election of a new junior vice-commander also took place with Dot an Huston named to complete the term formerly held by Victor Wolf. The VFW obligation was given to a large group of new mem bers by past-commander of Pct (61. Frank Millet. William Baillie. nanager of the local U.S. employ ment service, spoke to the mem bership on the number of con struction jolw rcimlnij up in this ea within 90 days. Holland AhWu KVlra8 I hi V. S. WASHINGTON. Feb 12 -,T-The treasury today released St. BOO.000.000 In Netherlands assets which were froen In the United States when Germany overran Holland in June. 1941. In return. Secretary of the Treasury Vinson announced, the Netherlands has lifted a free; imposed on property of Unitd I States nationals during the Ger j man occupation and established j procedure to reinstate the absent owners In their rights. (Continued From Page 1) the past, 'suspicious of other na tions, plans to build so it may stand alone. Heavy industry, as the United States has Just prov en, provides the real sinews of war. evidence certainly suggests that Russia cannot put the new five year plan into effect with her own resources alone. She lacks the manpower to produce both the capital goods (including ar maments 1 that she is resolved to produce in rising quantities, and the ronsqimer goods which her people wijll demand. She can put the plan ;into effect only If she obtains from abroad consider able amounts of consumer goods or, at least, of raw material and equipment to produce consumer goods; or if she can impoit workers to meet her shortage of labor." Russia's problem is not whol ly external; it is internal as well. Peter F. Drucker In the February Harper's discusses this internal difficulty very compe tently under the subject "Rus sia's in a Tight Spot Too." In pre-war years the Russian peo ple were supported by promises of future abundance when the plan of industrialization had been completed;: "now that this war has been won the Russian people are, apparently, to b asked for new economic sacri fices to J make their country strong enough economically for the role as a great power." But the Russian army got a taste of "luxury" when it entered Pol and and Hungary and Bulgaria and Austria. Even the poverty and squalor of these countries (in comparison with western Europe) seemed like "luxury and abundance" to the Russians who had gone without consum er goods for a score of years. Many tire the stories told of Russian! looting, of red soldiers' craze ifor watches, utensils., clothing. The question which worries the Kremlin now is whether the Russian people will submit Ito continued deprivation while heavy industry is restored. Drucker. notes the great lack is maniMiwer. The early plans were carried out only by farm collectivization whose purpose was not agrarian socialism but corpora je efficiency which would release farm workers for city Industries. They pulled into the factories about ten million peasant. But where now can Russia turn to fill the gap of war losses of eight to ten million industrial workers? Not from the farms which need more not fewer workers to restore agri cultural production. Drucker of fers this, answer: "While not conclusive, the Neither of the alternatives mentioned appeals to soviet leaders. Foreign loans have al ways been resisted, and foreign immigration prohibited. The on ly source of a large loan is the United States and here the fig ure talked has already dropped from six billions to one, and that with demand for opening of trade with Russia's new sa tellite nations. Mutual antagon isms and objectionable condi tions will probably kill a U.S. loan to Russia. Voluntary migration from Romania, Bulgaria, Jugo-Slavia, Hungary, Germany, Austria into Russia is quite improbable un less sfiecial considerations are given for freedom of worship, schools and property rights. Such immigration would intro duce an alien leaven into the communist lump and will be re sisted strenuously by governors of ithe USSR. (There remains one other labor soprce: compulsory or forced labor. Russia has already im pressed thousands of Germans injo her labor army for recon struction. The Japanese Mah chiitian army some half a mil lion strong when captured by the Hussians may likewise be working now for Russia The ouide world doesn't know wriai rias necome or it. under liquidating political iussia may transpoit from bonier countries addition al workers for labor camps, just as she evacuated a million and a half Poles and scattered them all 'over the soviet union after invading eastern Poland in 193M. For machinery the Russians have been claiming and seizing machinery from German facto ries! and now demand $100,000, OOOj worth of equipment from factories in north Italy. This would be largely machinery for wnat nas n the ruse of diJsenters Ri GRIN AND BEAR IT Bv Lichty . 'if irv ! 1 I i ; i 1 1 hilt - i ' 3 T "B 1- mil ii ii was' tf')t X fJF If 1 1 mmwl ittr-VVZs&'Mrs. trf ajf llfi f t) IM. Ckkaf Timmi 1m. had in making China. j "I knew this would happen If the Government took over thr mrit 2. Why the negotiations with Britain and Russia Industry now everybody writes their Congressman about tough on publication-werv not made .juoor-ss!5!v light industry : producing the badly needed consumer goods. Prophecy regarding Russia has been false so generally from the time of predictions of the early downfall of the boIhe ik government (wishful thinking) to the freely voiced estimates of experts that Hitler would lick Russia in three months that one hardly dares to phrase a fore cast. My own guess is that Rus sia will get no substantial for eign loan, but will use her con siderable gold production to fi nance essential foreign pur chases and will use captured machinery and forced labor to increase domestic production. The Russian people will be re quired to put up with what can be produced under this general plan There ate two uncertainties which may upset this forecast. One would 'be the early retire ment of Stalin with the inevi table clash over the succession. The other is the army which has seen other lands and is the only organization able to match the ruling communist party. Stalin has proclaimed a new five-year plan and set the stake. far ahead of past production records. But before it is com pleted the homely ver se of Bob bie Burns may find fresh application: "The best laid plans o' mice and men Gang aft agley." r i Rejuvenation Of Fair Started Work of rejuvenating the state fairgrounds plant here, under army lease during the war. for the 1946 state fair which opens Labor flay is -now under way. leo SpiU bart. state fair manager, announ ced Tuesday. He said a financiil settlement with the federal gov ernment had been approved. Spitzbart estimated that the cost of repairing and improving the plant would exceed $100,000, while only approximately $tfi. 000 was received from the gov ernment. Premiums for this year's fair will aggregate about SSO.OOO. Contracts covering the various ground shows are now being negotiated. State TinbaiT Tax Totalled Payments of the so-called state amusement tax for the current fiscal year, starling July 1, 1945. now aggregate approximately $106,000, the state tax commis sion reported here Tuesday. By the end of the fiscal year these payments will increase to about $250,000. officials estimated The amusement tax law, pass ed by the 1943 legislature, pro- The Literary Guidepost Br W. G. Rogers Scouts Observe Birtbdav Fete At Deaf School Boy Scout troop 14 of the state school for the deaf observed the founding of the Boy Scouts of America with a dinner party and court of honor for scouts and sjuests at the deaf school Satur day evening February 9 School Superintendent Marvin B. Clatterbuek. chairman of th troop committee, was in charge of the prorim and was toast master He Intrixtueed Hoy Bar land, principal sreaker of the eve ning, who reported th.it of the l(W euRle scouts in the Cascade council area, troop 14 hail 24 or almost 25 per rent Guests at the banquet were H former Students who are eale scouts. A troop court of honor was held following the banquet with Sup erintendent Clatterbuck official -in William Foren acted as court clerk Charles Cooper was ad vanced to scond class scout and 18 merit badges were awarded Richard Coll"y received the bronze palm to the eagle badtfe for having 26 merit badges and meeting requirements of service and leadership. Following the court of bonor and the scoutmaster's benediction led by Scoutmaster Thomas CI -mer. the scouts and gueu went to the school chapel for games and dancing Sunday morning troop 14 were guests of troop at Sunday ser vice In the Presbyterian church. vides a" tax of $10 on jukeboxes and $50 on pmball machines. Funds derived from the tax are turned over to the state treasuier and credited to the old age assist ance' fund administered by the state public welfare commission. 3. ''uJ"' WILDWOOD. by Josephine W. John son Harper. $2). Matthew Pierre, an aging or nithologist, and bis wife Valerie adopt an orphpned relative. Kdith, who when they first see her has outgrown ' the attractive ness of childhood and not He quired the bloom of youth. The girl hasn't even a sus picion that she is entitled to af fection, nor do Matthew and Valerie supHise t is expected of them, but she ' wants it des perately. She misses it later at the school to which she cat lies the awkward, palntul self-con the love she could not do with out, ! will add to the enviable reputation already enjoyed by the author of "Now in Novem ber.'' She tells a story worth telling, and tells it exceedingly well! is,a(!iilloi!ri Home In GcrviUH After A ruiv GKKVAIS. K.b 12 (Special) sciouxness developed with the H(,rne ho,e after three .wars of I She misses it still later army service, Tech. 4th Gilbert dis- Pierres when Lawrence; Cawdry. a , McCuIlough recently was smooth, knowing vonnifster ! , ..... '. ..Y. . . ' cnargeo. ne nan oeen a pvia- trooper in the 11th airborne divis courts her. Most importantly she misses it when Dr. Michael Young decides that she will be ion of the eighth army and had folifht at Neu f,.iiin.j T otto less harmed by Hising his love 1 LU7on than he by loving her Wildwood. where Matthew, Valerie and Edith live, is not so much a home as a sanctuary, a bird sanctuatry, a refuge out of this world, a repository for hab its and beliefs suitable only for recluses, a ground hole for square-peg Edith. Matthew's birds thrive and Valerie's flowers are strong and healthy, but Edith; withers. Gd and Matthew watch out for the sparrow, no one for her. The foster father, who can't under stand what she wants, under stands clearly what Dr. Young wants and fiercely keeps the two apart. j Though the Piefres promised L to treat Edith as their own child, I they don't : treat her as well even as they j do the birds, which they allow to mate and nest; in a passage of devastat ing satire, Miss Johnson con trasts ; the loved and unloved, the birds as our feathered friends with the bards imagined as clawed, noisome and .abhor rent creatures. The themes of this unusual story are inane frustration, needless misery, blind gratitude. With unpardonable arrogance, persons long since finished with life steal life from those too young to know what it is; the Pierres abandon it while it's still in their grasp,, but Kdith is forced to give it up bvfoie it i iH'giin. This novel about a pathetic miit,abotit' a girl - deprived of He wears the presidential cita tion, the combat , infaptryman badge, good conduct i medal, Philippine liberation ribbon with two stars and the Asiatic-Pat tfc ribbon with an arrowhead and three stars. i He is a graduate of Gervais high school and a former saw mill worker in Salem. He was inducted Feb. 16. 1943, and went overseas May 16. 1944. IX lonald II. Nagrl WilVV Parent First IA Donald If. N'agel, on teiminal leave since his separa- f tion from the army air forces at fMcClellan Field. Calif.. February j 4, is visiting in Salem at the home of his wife's parents. Mr. and iMrs. David H. Cameron. i He entered the army from ' Portland four years ago and ob j tained his commission at the Yale I university technical school in May, 1943. He has served as at -1 mament and gunnery officer at i Walla Walla. Wash . Avon Park. j.Fla . Loreda. Tex. Tampa. Ha, and Ft Myers. Fla I Lieutenant Nagel plans even i tually to enter Oregon State col lege and -establish a home in Cor j vallis for his wife, Jane, and 16 ' months-old son, Lawrence David. Phone: BUS "cnmwa jf STEVENS Where Quality Never Varien Select her Valentine gift from our fine collection of costume jewelry . . . Exciting designs In gold, gold-filled or sterling. Pins, earrings, brace lets, rings, necklaces, anklets. Choose yours today. Budtet Payments ,i S39 Court St.