I Th OREGON j STATESMAN, Salem. Oregon, Wednesday Morning, February 13. 194ft
PAGE FOUR
tefioti
NWMM MM J I
"No Favor Sway$ U$; No Far Shall Awt"
From first S la teaman, March 2, 1831
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher
Member of the Associated Press
Th Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of ail
newt dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
IIoh Not lo Win Friend
The formal disclosure that Russia did not
enter the Pacific war until after exacting con
cessions from her allies without whose help
there is little doubt she already would have
been prone and helpless comes a long way
from allaying the current suspicion, justified
or otherwise, that the Soviets have travelled
but a very little way on the road to interna
tional cooperation.
If is not too important now that criticism
may attach itself to former President Roosevelt
and one-time Prime Minister Winston Church
ill, in regard to the secret pact. What is import
ant u Russia's all-too-apparent nationalistic
selfishness which she has used in climbing to
the sphere of world jjowers.
The concession demand proved one or both
of two things; that Russia was confident the
allies would win the Pacific war anyway but
sought to get all possible benefits from it, or
that she felt she could deal with Japan alone
in her own gtd time in event the Nipponese
forced a peace.
One thing Russia has done she has con
vinced the world, by bluff or otherwise, that
she u not afraid of anyone. It is about time
the rest of the world let Russia know that the
l'N(l,w'asn't formed just because of a fear of
Russia. Concessions came easy. too. for Hitler
when Britain and France first put up with his
encroaches.
We don't think Russia currently is looking
for trouble with any major power, but the fact
that she demanded concessions to fight for the
friHids who literally helped her off the floor
in't going to make it any easier for her to win
friends or influence people.
Aii Orileal Nt A Field Day
Warden George Alexander is on the right
track' in making executions at the state prison
le of a field day. The lethal gas chamber
now has been in use sufficiently long to have
permitted full investigation of its operation by
anyone with a right to know about it. Those
who must go to their deaths in it no longer
ned be treated a a guinea pig or as the
center attraction in a one-ring circus.
It is a queer form of doing penance for any
one to subject himself as a witness to one of
th unfort ur ate if necessary calamities of civili
zation. No one is the loser by staying away.
Arid 'neither should such ordeals be made ve
hicle to satiate the sadistic tendencies of a
few of the curious.
Ttie warden by law is charged with admit
ting legitimate witnesses in the proper num
ber. He is not, compelled to invite or admit
those who, have no good reason for being there,,
2,700.000 Hoiiinx Unit
Accustomed to the dimensions of global war
the American people perked up when President
Truman er.dored a plan to provide 2,700.000
housing unit in the next two years. It had
something of the old FDR breadth of gesture,
like 50.000 airplanes and double or triple
navies.
It m of course pitiful for thousands to go
virtually i oof less after the demonstration of
construction work on a vast scale given during
the war ries of camp buildings; Vast ware
hoiw.v airstrips bulldoed out of coral nick;
harbors ridj;ed for fleets of warships and
Iran .po: ts. The piesent situation caljls for sim
ilar width- of vision arid degree of courage that
tarr ied the. war through. True, the major handi
caps are lack of materials winch await expan
sion of production; but the- government can't
Jut flutter its wings futilely when the hous
ing situation, is critical as it is. It must plan,
expedite and if necessary execute.
Salem shouldn't think it's the only town
with a housing shortage.. Here's Aumsville
the hou.se occupied by Mexicans working as
railroad section hands was sold, no other was
available so the workers returned to Mexico
leaving the section bos without a crew. It
would be bad if the SP has to stop operating
because of no section crew at Aumsville. but
at any rate the stoppage couldn't be blamed
on a strike.
Darkening bread by using more of the bran
will release more wheat for fcurope in two
ways: the bushel of wheat will yield more
loaves of bread, and the people will not eat
a much. Americans1 are white bread addicts.
Conversely, the less bran the less millfeed for
cows and ho?, hence less milk and meat.
Our ne'v congressman. Walter Norblad, in
a speech ht Bedford, Pa . said the disposal of
surplus property has leeti "as badly managed
a i humanly possible." Walter should be
careful lest he .fall into -the habit of shooting
from the mouth.
The Chicago Sun says that President Tru
man declares he doesrt want the presidency
after 1948. Already many people are feeling the
same way about him.
In Chungking a meeting to celebrate national
unitv broke up in a riot which arose when the
crrwd started to elect a chairman. As Father
Divine used to say, "Peace, it's wonderful."
Not a very great rush to file for public office
in this efcr elections. At prevailing official
ki lane some may figure unemployment comp.
is a be Hi r deal
Tli" gnat question in Washington is whether
to put ceiling on old houses. A new roof on
fthc oidt r ones would be better.
International Aviation .
When ihe international aeronautics confer
ence was held in Chicago last year there was
sharp disagreement between the United State
and Great Britain on the terms to prescribe
for international aviation. In fact the confer
ence broke up' with some major questions still
in dispute, particularly the ones over freedom
of planes to pick up passengers in foreign coun
tries and how much competition should be al
lowed. Britain favored a restrictive policy; the
United States a liberal policy. j
The issues were taken up again in a recent
conference at Bermuda, ind tn agreement
worked out which if ratified by the jgovern
ments concerned will provide the rules of the
game for commercial aviation ; between the
United States and countries iri the British com
monwealth: ' j
Briefly the agreement permits the alrplines
of both countries to pick up passengers destined
fur a third country (the totalled -fifth free
dom" which makes it possible to keep aircraft
loaded to a profitable level along the entire
route); establishes a rate determination policy
with intergovernmental action to avoid rate
wars and profiteering; outlines a world pattern
of routes which each country will fly over the
other's territory; provides a system of regular
consultation on -all civil air problems between
the United States and the United Kingdom, a'
step described by both sides as the pchief
feature" emerging from the conference, and
finally arranges that the provisional interna
tional civil aviation organization at Montreal
he asked to give advisory opinion when a dis
pute cannot be settled through bilateral con
sultations. The agreement also opens up, subject to
approval of local governments, military air
bases for civilian use, and the United States
is permitted to retain control of leased base
areas. j '
It is not clear just how this agreement will
settle the rate wars which have already been
launched for transatlantic flights. Pan Ameri
can, losing its fight for monopoly slashed rates
heavily, which met with objection not only
from its American competitors but from foreign
countries. Just how the new rate control will
work is not clear from the brief announcement.
It is of great importance to resolve these
differences so international and intercontinental
flying may get off to a good start in the post
war period. Bermuda has been more fruitful
of good result than was Chicago. H
Stalin and j former
hditionally to enter
3
vt-
- p
Interpreting
The Day's News
By James D. White A
Associated Praao Staff Wrttae
SAN FRANCISCO. Feb. l.-(-The siory of
the yearling Yalta agreemerftj which gives j Russia"
the Kurile islands still isn't Jjcomplete. . .
Here's the record, compiled from Associated
Press files: Q Hi-
The agreement was reached Feb. It. 1945, during
the last day of the Yalta tails Involving the late
President Roosevelt. Marshal.
Prime Minister Churchill. t
Under it, Russia agreed col
the war against Japan
Russia entered the war, pre
sumahly on schedule, on August
tf Trie red army conquered : j 'he
Kiiriles, southern Sakhalin, noi th
em Korea and Manchuria.
Marshal Stalin, in a VJ day
broadcast, told the Russian peojle
that the Soviet union would re
K on southern Sakhalin and he
Kurile. lost to Japan in the v ir
of 1904 ! 1
On Sept 4, Secretary of State
lturnu t.M hia.nrMia ertnforeiiic
that the United States was nof .' " J
opposed to the position of. Russia on the ' Kurile
islands and southern Sakhalin although, he. said,
the matter would have to be settled definitely
sometime at the potsdiam conference in July, and
Byrnes replied that it had not, but Indicated that
the discussion had taken place at Yalta the
previous February.
Silence Followed
Followed then a sildnce which lasted until early
1946. when Japanese Reports trickled downj from
the Kuriles and Sakhalin that! Russian occupation
troops there had brought in j their families and
otherwise seemed to contemplate permanent occu
pation. Washington officials said the same thing.
Jan. 22 Undersecretary of State Dean Atrieson
said he understood the Russian occupation
temporary. Whereupon Tass. jthe official
news agency, announced on Jan. 26 it had
authorized to disc-lose! that the Yalta agre
"clearly set out" that after victory overj
the Kuriles would be handed over to Russli
that southern Sakhalin and its adjacent Islands
would be returned. j j
On Jan. 28. Secretray Byrnes, answering Dress
conference Questions disclosed that he hadn't known
about the agreement until a : few days after the
Japanese surrender, although he said the military
chiefs of staff had full knowledge of it at the
time it was entered into.! ii
He pointed out j the impossibility of announcing
it before Russia entered the war, and said he saw
no reason why the agreement shouldn't be pub
lished now. : I
But the state department said that j Britain and
Russia would have to be consulted, and on Jan.
31 President Truman, said Russia and Britain vere
being asked about it . and that if tftey had no
objection it would be published. )
This was done, yesterday; revealing that the
agreement promised Russia not only the Kuriles
and Sakhalin, but the rights in Manchuria wfiich
in the meantime have been formalized through a
treaty witn china.
Two; questions remain unanswered about Ithe
whole business;
1. What part American andor British diplomacy
the necessary arrangements with
I
hf bhhwI with
Pwtaua SrwiUaU
TW Wwktafftoa SUM
Trying Out the Remedies
ER7 I
033IDQ0
VFW to Stress
Employment
Of Veterans
A movement tn stress the hir
ing of unemployed veterans was
voted into being at the regular
monthly meeting of the Veterans
of Foreign Wars Marion Post 661
Monday night.
By means of publicity and ad
vertising the post will endeavor
to stir the local public Into giv
ing jobs to veterans. Commander
Harlan M.' Bones declared that
the publicity given to patrioti;
propaganda during the war should
now be used to prod the public
conscience as regards unemployed
veterans.
A committee has been appoint
ed to launch the plan into oper
ation. Election of a new junior
vice-commander also took place
with Dot an Huston named to
complete the term formerly held
by Victor Wolf.
The VFW obligation was given
to a large group of new mem
bers by past-commander of Pct
(61. Frank Millet. William Baillie.
nanager of the local U.S. employ
ment service, spoke to the mem
bership on the number of con
struction jolw rcimlnij up in this
ea within 90 days.
Holland AhWu
KVlra8 I hi V. S.
WASHINGTON. Feb 12 -,T-The
treasury today released St.
BOO.000.000 In Netherlands assets
which were froen In the United
States when Germany overran
Holland in June. 1941.
In return. Secretary of the
Treasury Vinson announced, the
Netherlands has lifted a free;
imposed on property of Unitd
I States nationals during the Ger
j man occupation and established
j procedure to reinstate the absent
owners In their rights.
(Continued From Page 1)
the past, 'suspicious of other na
tions, plans to build so it may
stand alone. Heavy industry, as
the United States has Just prov
en, provides the real sinews of
war.
evidence certainly suggests that
Russia cannot put the new five
year plan into effect with her
own resources alone. She lacks
the manpower to produce both
the capital goods (including ar
maments 1 that she is resolved to
produce in rising quantities, and
the ronsqimer goods which her
people wijll demand. She can put
the plan ;into effect only If she
obtains from abroad consider
able amounts of consumer goods
or, at least, of raw material and
equipment to produce consumer
goods; or if she can impoit
workers to meet her shortage of
labor."
Russia's problem is not whol
ly external; it is internal as
well. Peter F. Drucker In the
February Harper's discusses this
internal difficulty very compe
tently under the subject "Rus
sia's in a Tight Spot Too." In
pre-war years the Russian peo
ple were supported by promises
of future abundance when the
plan of industrialization had
been completed;: "now that this
war has been won the Russian
people are, apparently, to b
asked for new economic sacri
fices to J make their country
strong enough economically for
the role as a great power." But
the Russian army got a taste of
"luxury" when it entered Pol
and and Hungary and Bulgaria
and Austria. Even the poverty
and squalor of these countries
(in comparison with western
Europe) seemed like "luxury
and abundance" to the Russians
who had gone without consum
er goods for a score of years.
Many tire the stories told of
Russian! looting, of red soldiers'
craze ifor watches, utensils.,
clothing. The question which
worries the Kremlin now is
whether the Russian people will
submit Ito continued deprivation
while heavy industry is restored.
Drucker. notes the great lack
is maniMiwer. The early plans
were carried out only by farm
collectivization whose purpose
was not agrarian socialism but
corpora je efficiency which
would release farm workers for
city Industries. They pulled into
the factories about ten million
peasant. But where now can
Russia turn to fill the gap of
war losses of eight to ten million
industrial workers? Not from
the farms which need more not
fewer workers to restore agri
cultural production. Drucker of
fers this, answer:
"While not conclusive, the
Neither of the alternatives
mentioned appeals to soviet
leaders. Foreign loans have al
ways been resisted, and foreign
immigration prohibited. The on
ly source of a large loan is the
United States and here the fig
ure talked has already dropped
from six billions to one, and
that with demand for opening
of trade with Russia's new sa
tellite nations. Mutual antagon
isms and objectionable condi
tions will probably kill a U.S.
loan to Russia.
Voluntary migration from
Romania, Bulgaria, Jugo-Slavia,
Hungary, Germany, Austria into
Russia is quite improbable un
less sfiecial considerations are
given for freedom of worship,
schools and property rights.
Such immigration would intro
duce an alien leaven into the
communist lump and will be re
sisted strenuously by governors
of ithe USSR.
(There remains one other labor
soprce: compulsory or forced
labor. Russia has already im
pressed thousands of Germans
injo her labor army for recon
struction. The Japanese Mah
chiitian army some half a mil
lion strong when captured by
the Hussians may likewise be
working now for Russia The
ouide world doesn't know
wriai rias necome or it. under
liquidating political
iussia may transpoit
from bonier countries addition
al workers for labor camps, just
as she evacuated a million and
a half Poles and scattered them
all 'over the soviet union after
invading eastern Poland in 193M.
For machinery the Russians
have been claiming and seizing
machinery from German facto
ries! and now demand $100,000,
OOOj worth of equipment from
factories in north Italy. This
would be largely machinery for
wnat nas n
the ruse of
diJsenters Ri
GRIN AND BEAR IT
Bv Lichty
. 'if irv
! 1
I i ; i
1 1 hilt - i ' 3 T "B 1- mil ii ii
was' tf')t X fJF If
1 1 mmwl
ittr-VVZs&'Mrs. trf ajf
llfi
f t) IM. Ckkaf Timmi 1m.
had in making
China. j "I knew this would happen If the Government took over thr mrit
2. Why the negotiations with Britain and Russia Industry now everybody writes their Congressman about tough
on publication-werv not made .juoor-ss!5!v
light industry : producing the
badly needed consumer goods.
Prophecy regarding Russia
has been false so generally from
the time of predictions of the
early downfall of the boIhe ik
government (wishful thinking)
to the freely voiced estimates of
experts that Hitler would lick
Russia in three months that one
hardly dares to phrase a fore
cast. My own guess is that Rus
sia will get no substantial for
eign loan, but will use her con
siderable gold production to fi
nance essential foreign pur
chases and will use captured
machinery and forced labor to
increase domestic production.
The Russian people will be re
quired to put up with what can
be produced under this general
plan
There ate two uncertainties
which may upset this forecast.
One would 'be the early retire
ment of Stalin with the inevi
table clash over the succession.
The other is the army which
has seen other lands and is the
only organization able to match
the ruling communist party.
Stalin has proclaimed a new
five-year plan and set the stake.
far ahead of past production
records. But before it is com
pleted the homely ver se of Bob
bie Burns may find fresh
application:
"The best laid plans o' mice and
men
Gang aft agley."
r
i
Rejuvenation
Of Fair Started
Work of rejuvenating the state
fairgrounds plant here, under
army lease during the war. for the
1946 state fair which opens Labor
flay is -now under way. leo SpiU
bart. state fair manager, announ
ced Tuesday. He said a financiil
settlement with the federal gov
ernment had been approved.
Spitzbart estimated that the
cost of repairing and improving
the plant would exceed $100,000,
while only approximately $tfi.
000 was received from the gov
ernment. Premiums for this
year's fair will aggregate about
SSO.OOO.
Contracts covering the various
ground shows are now being negotiated.
State TinbaiT
Tax Totalled
Payments of the so-called state
amusement tax for the current
fiscal year, starling July 1, 1945.
now aggregate approximately
$106,000, the state tax commis
sion reported here Tuesday. By
the end of the fiscal year these
payments will increase to about
$250,000. officials estimated
The amusement tax law, pass
ed by the 1943 legislature, pro-
The Literary Guidepost
Br W. G. Rogers
Scouts Observe
Birtbdav Fete
At Deaf School
Boy Scout troop 14 of the state
school for the deaf observed the
founding of the Boy Scouts of
America with a dinner party and
court of honor for scouts and
sjuests at the deaf school Satur
day evening February 9
School Superintendent Marvin
B. Clatterbuek. chairman of th
troop committee, was in charge
of the prorim and was toast
master He Intrixtueed Hoy Bar
land, principal sreaker of the eve
ning, who reported th.it of the
l(W euRle scouts in the Cascade
council area, troop 14 hail 24 or
almost 25 per rent
Guests at the banquet were H
former Students who are eale
scouts.
A troop court of honor was held
following the banquet with Sup
erintendent Clatterbuck official -in
William Foren acted as court
clerk Charles Cooper was ad
vanced to scond class scout and
18 merit badges were awarded
Richard Coll"y received the
bronze palm to the eagle badtfe
for having 26 merit badges and
meeting requirements of service
and leadership.
Following the court of bonor
and the scoutmaster's benediction
led by Scoutmaster Thomas CI -mer.
the scouts and gueu went
to the school chapel for games
and dancing
Sunday morning troop 14 were
guests of troop at Sunday ser
vice In the Presbyterian church.
vides a" tax of $10 on jukeboxes
and $50 on pmball machines.
Funds derived from the tax are
turned over to the state treasuier
and credited to the old age assist
ance' fund administered by the
state public welfare commission.
3. ''uJ"'
WILDWOOD. by Josephine W. John
son Harper. $2).
Matthew Pierre, an aging or
nithologist, and bis wife Valerie
adopt an orphpned relative.
Kdith, who when they first see
her has outgrown ' the attractive
ness of childhood and not He
quired the bloom of youth.
The girl hasn't even a sus
picion that she is entitled to af
fection, nor do Matthew and
Valerie supHise t is expected
of them, but she ' wants it des
perately. She misses it later at
the school to which she cat lies
the awkward, palntul self-con
the love she could not do with
out, ! will add to the enviable
reputation already enjoyed by
the author of "Now in Novem
ber.'' She tells a story worth
telling, and tells it exceedingly
well!
is,a(!iilloi!ri Home
In GcrviUH
After
A ruiv
GKKVAIS. K.b 12 (Special)
sciouxness developed with the H(,rne ho,e after three .wars of I
She misses it still later
army service, Tech. 4th Gilbert
dis-
Pierres
when Lawrence; Cawdry. a , McCuIlough recently was
smooth, knowing vonnifster ! , .....
'. ..Y. . . ' cnargeo. ne nan oeen a pvia-
trooper in the 11th airborne divis
courts her. Most importantly
she misses it when Dr. Michael
Young decides that she will be
ion of the eighth army and had
folifht at Neu f,.iiin.j T otto
less harmed by Hising his love 1 LU7on
than he by loving her
Wildwood. where Matthew,
Valerie and Edith live, is not so
much a home as a sanctuary, a
bird sanctuatry, a refuge out of
this world, a repository for hab
its and beliefs suitable only for
recluses, a ground hole for
square-peg Edith.
Matthew's birds thrive and
Valerie's flowers are strong and
healthy, but Edith; withers. Gd
and Matthew watch out for the
sparrow, no one for her. The
foster father, who can't under
stand what she wants, under
stands clearly what Dr. Young
wants and fiercely keeps the
two apart. j
Though the Piefres promised L
to treat Edith as their own
child, I they don't : treat her as
well even as they j do the birds,
which they allow to mate and
nest; in a passage of devastat
ing satire, Miss Johnson con
trasts ; the loved and unloved,
the birds as our feathered
friends with the bards imagined
as clawed, noisome and .abhor
rent creatures.
The themes of this unusual
story are inane frustration,
needless misery, blind gratitude.
With unpardonable arrogance,
persons long since finished
with life steal life from those
too young to know what it is;
the Pierres abandon it while it's
still in their grasp,, but Kdith is
forced to give it up bvfoie it
i iH'giin.
This novel about a pathetic
miit,abotit' a girl - deprived of
He wears the presidential cita
tion, the combat , infaptryman
badge, good conduct i medal,
Philippine liberation ribbon with
two stars and the Asiatic-Pat tfc
ribbon with an arrowhead and
three stars. i
He is a graduate of Gervais
high school and a former saw
mill worker in Salem. He was
inducted Feb. 16. 1943, and went
overseas May 16. 1944.
IX lonald II. Nagrl
WilVV Parent
First IA Donald If. N'agel, on
teiminal leave since his separa-
f tion from the army air forces at
fMcClellan Field. Calif.. February
j 4, is visiting in Salem at the home
of his wife's parents. Mr. and
iMrs. David H. Cameron.
i He entered the army from
' Portland four years ago and ob
j tained his commission at the Yale
I university technical school in
May, 1943. He has served as at -1
mament and gunnery officer at
i Walla Walla. Wash . Avon Park.
j.Fla . Loreda. Tex. Tampa. Ha,
and Ft Myers. Fla
I Lieutenant Nagel plans even
i tually to enter Oregon State col
lege and -establish a home in Cor
j vallis for his wife, Jane, and 16
' months-old son, Lawrence David.
Phone: BUS "cnmwa jf
STEVENS
Where Quality Never
Varien
Select her Valentine gift from
our fine collection of costume
jewelry . . . Exciting designs
In gold, gold-filled or sterling.
Pins, earrings, brace
lets, rings, necklaces,
anklets. Choose yours
today.
Budtet Payments
,i
S39 Court St.