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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 30, 1955)
6 Sec. 1) Statesman, Salem, Or., Saturday, July 30, 1955 TFIHIIE CS HID) THinS WEEK ... vt Aim J uJ li Ml ; if j-r.: . itrvL, .ill Bad Omens for the West Multiplying in the Ear Pac ! Ike Warns Dropping , By J. M. ROBERTS . , Associated Press iVetca Analyst PRESIDENT EISENHOWER and other government leaders were busy this week telling people they had a right to hope but not to relax as a result of the Geneva conference. . . j The same theme was 'being played in Britain and France Leaders were laced with the necessity of keeping hope from becoming expectation. The truth of the matter was that in the last hourS at Geneva it became obvious, despite the friendliness of the leaders, that Russian sweetness and light did not extend to the reunifica tion of Ger many, and a working col lective secu rity system for Europe. One of the last things at Geneva was referral to the foreign minis ters of the Wjiiii.iwiw.-. -v. -"WVrfSWMp J f v question of Roberts whether East and West Ger many should be represented in subsequent negotiations. Com munist Boss Nikita Khrushchev, hnvpvff. made it clear this week the referral meant noth ing. Russian Terms First he said a rearmed Ger many is "unacceptable" to Rus sia. Then he said reunification ran be accomplished only one1 way, within the framework ofJ an all-European security paci, and that Russia would insist on East German representation when the foreign ministers try to work out something in Oc tober. " ' That leaves very little to ne gotiate. It also raised the question of x how long the foreign ministers v can keep alive the "spark of peace" which the President said had .been ignited at ueneva. While Khrushchev was speak ing in East Germany, "Western intelligence - sources revealed that Russia has been pouring new and modern war weapons into that area, increasing the firepower,, and mobility of her divisions at a greater rate than in anv - ceriod since 1945. It " didn't look as though she was preparing to get out. But one has to consider, also, that NATO is doing likewise in Western Europe. President Eisenhower came off well in his reports to Con gress and the public For once American representatives had kept the initiative at a confer ence with the Russians. There FARMERS: Soviet-American Friendship te.BM.et I hiiiim iiiLULHimuLii.uuiiJiiniiiiJli inrrnnnnni---r-jr'T -r'.r'"- "T Corn Belt Diplomacy For two weeks now a group of 12 Russian farming experts has been touring the fiat and hot fields of Iowa, attempting to master the delicate relation of the wheels within a corn-hog economy that specialty which has made Iowa the most bounti ful farm producer in the world. No one doubts now that the Russians came with an intense interest in corn and hogs, de termined to learn all they could. Judging by their conduct, no one can doubt they also were instructed to promote the peace offensive" highlighted by the Geneva conference. But in the actual contact be tween Iowans and Russians during the past two weeks, a spontaneous friendliness was generated which could not have .been foreseen either by the So viet government, which accept ed a suggestion of the Des Moines Tribune to send the del egation, or the VJS. State De partment, which permitted the Russians to enter the country. All Iowa set out with a sort of missionary zeal to show these Russians that Iowa wants peace, that Iowa has only, good will toward Russians as people. The Russians on their part have been properly astounded by -American farm mechanization ' and have shown a burning in-! , terest in the position of private . profit on the American scene. They tirelessly roamed from field to barn, testing grain and judging livestock with a true farmer's eye. The Russians became so pop ular one community reportedly sought help from Sen. Bourke Hickenlooper to make sure their city wasn't bypassed as original plans were altered in response to new invitations. The basis of Iowa's friendli ness appeared to be a whole some self-confidence. Iowans are very certain, even if Wash Against Gu was not the slightest sign that they had fallen into any booby traps. The Presidents obvious sincerity in describing ' Ameri can peace aims to the world had made him a one-man "peace! offensive." Democrats and Re publicans alike hailed his con duct There were fewer isolationist expressions than have accom panied any other conference of sirpiar importance. Offensive Regained By following through with arrangements for exploratory ' talks with Red China, the Unit ed States stole Russia's "peace- loving" thunder. - . The President's proposal for an exchange of military blue prints and inspection had put Russia on the defensive, and almost everybody was in a good humor with him. He said,- however, that if the United States and Russia were to achieve anything during the conference of foreign ministers, both would have to give some thing. What the United States had to give, however, was not clear, since a vast proportion of the differences between the two na tions are moral. These differences, said the President, are "as wide and deep as the difference between individual liberty and regimen tation, as wide and deep as the gulf that lies between the con cept of man made in the image of God and the concept of man as a mere instrument .' of the state." ; Stark Contrasts ' ; He didn't say so, but they are also as wide and. deep as the differences between a ; nation with a totalitarian government which has the power to go to war without consulting the wishes of its people, and 'na tions whose governments, must first convince . their - democratic constituents of the lightness of such a move. ; As . attestation of the better feeling produced by Geneva, Russian papers and radios pub lished the text of the Presi dent's , television report to the nation. But Western leaders were testifying, and Khru shchev's words in East Germany tended to prove, that the gulf remained wide and deep indeed. ard ' V-:- ' . li " TASTE TEST Boris Sokolov, chief of the corn selection labora tory for the Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute, sinks his teeth into Iowa ington, D. C, may be doubtful, that America s best argument and advertising is America it self. They feel that nobody can look at Iowa, not even a Rus sian Communist, and not be in fluenced in the right direction. At midpoint in a month-long tour which in its second half would take them all the way to the Pacific, . the Russians were far from abandoning Marx, but they appeared to be much too sensible not . rto recognize the contrast between tracts on The Impoverishment of 'American Farmers" they read back home Dates Thursday, Aag. 4 Anniversary (165th) es tablishment of the U.S. Coast Guard. Saturday, Aur. t Anniversary (29th) show ing of first successful talk ing motion picture. Monday, Aug. S International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atom ic Energy begins, Geneva, Switzerland. Opening; Institute of Aero nautical Sciences, Seattle. People Terrifying Ride John L. McFaum. of Ipswich. Mass., knew he was in trouble when the transmission gear on his five-ton horse van broke as he attempted to shift into low gear on the steep downgrade leading into Wins ted, Conn. When both the f ootbrake and the emergency handbrake failed, he figured he was a goner. The huge truck, with four prize . horses and two helpers in the rear, began picking up speed. McFaum's wife, following in a convertible, realized some thing was wrong and pulled alongside. Her husband shouted he had no brakes and told her to get out of the way. Instead she raced ahead down the hill into the town of 9,000, desperately waving back cars at the first of Winstedi four in tersections. At the second Mc Faum missed a boy on a bicy cle "by inches." A pedestrian warned away , traffic at the third. The fourth was usually the busiest street of all, but McFaum's runaway truck safe ly barrelled through at 80 m.p.b and headed uphill on the other side of town. He nosed it into a curb and brought it to a halt. So close had they been to death, neither McFaum, who is 48, nor his wife could speak for 20 minutes. Police Chief Waldo Heath commended both for their "nerve and skill" in get ting through safely. - In Short . . . Abandoned: By the U.S. Jus tice Department, its effort to deport crooner Dick Haymes to his native Argentina. Fired: George V. McDavitt, who stirred up a controversy as boss of the Small Business Ad ministration's security program. Cancelled: The scheduled visit of the new French resident-general of Morocco to Fez, in order to avoid fatal riots. Appointed: Hans Speidel and Adolf Heusing, former German army generals, as top-ranking officers of the new West German army. corn at Ames. and the prosperity evident on every hand from sunrise to sun set. And whether or not they'd like to take them all back to Russia, the list of things they now have seen for the first time from dime stores to strawberry sodas is almost as tail as tne lowa corn. The visit has many implica tions for America and the So viet Union. It might be that the type of mental activity stirred by the Iowa- meeting "in the cornfield" - might have as - far reaching effect as diplomatic gatherings v"at the summit" Two Black Clouds in IncJbchina fk' W.,, W, Vi.,.M... I tfferts to tncircU Atm. VV '1' 1 "!"",?" u ... . ,J:': I -:::::':::::::-:::- folCt OgrttRltllt COlling TOf K Til ft 11 til n I JSaravaae f tetio), to decid future I InAILAMU T ? I V allegiance of the notion. J 1 ::?ss Most observers believe if J Jvy COi Bir)l -' ;B t lectio were held eow :s J "O DiztflX Reds would1 win. -? ( mmm w ! "4- "JVIETMAHJ ; Pnompenh f" J- LS-'" s , VfflMComtowtt Controlled I THE SETTLEMENT of the Indochinese War at Geneva a year attempts to take ever the entire provinces of Phensaly and EUROPE: Reds Stronger Strong Reminder Western intelligence sources at Bonn revealed this week that new deliveries of modern con- ventional weapons have strengthened the firepower and increased the mobility of Soviet army divisions in eastern Ger many. , The news served as a strong reminder that despite smiles and politeness at Geneva, Eu rope in general and Germany in particular has a long road to travel before it knows security. The Soviet deliveries in 1955 were reported to include 1,000 T54 tanks to replace outmoded WnrM War TT mJvW, 1 S00 rw guns, 600 armed personnel car-1 riers, 150 amphibious vehicles and over 100 new towing trac tors for heavy artillery. The shipments were accom panied by 25,000 new troops from Russia, presumably spe cialists in the new weapons. The assumption was the newcomers would replace conscripts re turning home. The armament shipments were described as the largest sent by the Russians to Germany since 1945. Western military observ ers regard them as probably long-planned modernization similar to that being carried out by NATO forces in West Ger many. The U.S. 7th Army has re- LIVING: Its Cost Is Up Return Bout? Living costs in the United States rose a bit in June, the first time they have gone up this year, and government of ficials forecast another modest rise for July. The Labor Department re ported this week that season ally higher prices for food and small increases for housing, transportation, personal care and medical expenses caused an increase of two-tenths of 1 per cent over the cost of living index for May. The June index of 114.4, however, still was six tenths less than the index for June last year. The rise came just as econo mists were beginning to wonder whether record-breaking pros perity would induce a return bout with that old companion of booming times, inflation. Although Americans have been enjoying a stable cost of living for some time, inflation hasn't bowed off the .'stage in some other lands. This week Britain's Chancellor of the Ex chequer Richard A. Butler slammed the brakes on Britain's buying spree by tightening up instalment buying. . In most Latin American countries and others in Europe and the Far East, inflation is a chief problem. , , Butler tried to bring Eng land's inflationary spiral under control by boosting the down peninsula. By force of arms, Samneua and have many supporters in South Viet Nam.- ceived guided missiles and ad ditional atomic cannon in the last year. The British Rhine army is trying out a new tank and has begun experiments with a new organization of troops designed for the hazards of atomic warfare. Although the reports of new weapons listed only conven tional types, Western strategy takes into account that Soviet forces in East Germany prob ably have atomic weapons too. CONGRESS: t pa,:... (Question Of EttllCS Investigating senators, who ! during this session of Congress have not enjoyed the top billing gained by their predecessors, hit upon some more powerful material in the 84th'i closing days. Profitable Partnership Before the inquisitive panel of the Senate Investigations subcommittee, witnesses ap peared to explain their knowl edge of the private business dealings of Secretary of the Air Force Harold Talbott Talbott is a partner in a management engineering firm which returned him $132,000 in profits in the two years after he became a member of the Cabinet in Feb ruary of 1953. His government payment on such items as auto mobiles and household appli ances from 15 to 33 per cent He also called for a sharp cut back in capital expenditures by public and private bodies and asked for a tightening up of bank loans. In a speech before the House of Commons he said, in effect that Britain was living it up too much that the -"nation would have to work harder to export more goods and protect her bal ance of payments position. As far as the average British consumer was concerned, the most severe move was the high er down payment requirement This was done to prevent too much siphoning off on the home market of consumer items Brit ain needs to sell abroad. In stead of selling so much to the easy home market manufactur ers now will have to buck com petition in the tougher world market . Rising labor costs in Britain have tended to make British ex ports less competitive in world markets. At the same time in creasing home demand for con sumer goods tended to attract into the domestic market goods Britain makes for export In the United States, inflation so far is just something that the cautious fear might recur if prosperity induces speculative excess. Many economists, how ever, are worried about the size of current credit buying. age has net ended Red Chinese the Reds have seized Laotian Quote Sen. Capehart (R-Ind), expressing his conviction Eisenhower's role at Gene va makes it almost certain he will run for re-election: The President has to fol low through with what he has started. His leadership is essential to the country in the efforts to obtain a lasting peace. He couldn't step out now." New Target salary is $18,000 a year. On Wednesday, as President Eisenhower was saying in a news "conference that every pub lic official must be impeccable both from the standpoint of law and of ethics and "should avoid giving any impression of wrong doing," Talbott revealed to the committee he had started legal steps to divest himself of his interest in the . Paul B. Mulligan company. At his press conference Eisen hower indicated he would re serve a final judgment on the matter until all facts could be properly weighed after the con-j elusion of congressional hear-! ings. j ' Sen. Morse (D-Ore) said in a Senate speech it was plain that Talbott "consciously and wil fully misused his office." The air secretary earlier had emphatically defended the pro priety of his relations with the private firm, arguing there was no "conflict of interest" between his outside dealings and his gov ernment position. SPEAKING OF Reds Still Demand By WILLIAM L. RYAN Associated Press Foreign Neus Analyst ' THE emphasis has changed, but the Cold War is far from ended. Its western front may now settle down into a long and perhaps too comfortable deadlock, but its eastern front remains menacing. i President Eisenhower has held out hope only that a .start has been made on the ative at the Geneva summit- meeting, plus the long series of;military service law and is de- American moves over the past 10 years, seem to have world communism at bay in the West, j But while the Western world's top leaders were smiling ami-j ably at one another in Geneva, situations were develop- ing in A uii : ( -A that co turn the West erners smues into deep frowns. The big question now confronting the free world is just how much of the "&..:. . I A-sKyv IV Ryan Asian danger 5 stems independently from theut als? build a powerful na- Chinese Communists and how much of a Russian finger there might be in the Chinese pie. For the moment it seems a mixture of both. While the United States pre pares to discuss "practical mat ters" on an ambassadorial level with the Red Chinese and that might seem a good omen for peace the bad omens were multiplying. Here is one: Glorious Duty" Inside China itself, there is a rip-roaring campaign under way; to whip up popular support for j communism chip away at West a universal military service law.ern strength and unity. Europe which has just been enacted. I can hardly be comfortable, Even while the Geneva confer-1 however, while time bombs ees exchanged friendly smiles,; smolder in Asia. here is what the Red Chinese press was telling the people of! China: "The Chinese working class . , . enthusiastically supports the Reserves Watered Down Congress finished action on a new military reserve bill, but the measure it sent to the White House was far less compulsory than the President and the Pen tagon had asked. A major new feature provides for a special active duty course of up to. six months for young volunteers, who would there after serve in the active re serves for 7 years. Present or former servicemen could not be required to go into the active reserve, but the bill east Asia. The whole Commu holds out some inducements to nist world, is shouting "rob present servicemen enabling! bery!" with the loudest shouts them to cut down the length of J coming from Red China. their active duty by volunteer ing for the reserves. All who enter service under provisions of the bill would be required to serve in the active reserves, for a length of time varying according to how long they were on active duty. Congress refused to agree to proposals to compel veterans to join the active reserve or to draft men for the special new short-term hitch if there aren't enough volunteers. The reserve bill originally was intended to raise the present reserve strength; of less than 800,000 men to almost three million by 1960. Because of revisions made by Congress, few believe it can at tain that goaL DISARMAMENT Loudly Formosa road fo peace. His bold initi : . termined to carry out properly its glorious duty and become model in the implementation of the military service law. . . United States imperial- lists with their lackeys attempt- ed to overthrow ?our people's ; political power. . . . Purge Growing j . . The United States im jperialists occupied our Taiwan i (Formosa) and directed war . i provocations against our coun try. All these things tell us ; there is a threat of war so long a imrtAIMallcm Avictfl r 4 should be prepared against ag-v gression by the imperialists. r I build a strong military force. tional defense force (to) liber ate Taiwan and protect peace in Asia and the world." - That's the tenor of a daily outpouring which is coupled with a nationwide hunt for spies in a broad and growing purge. The aim of Western diplo macy is to stop expansion of communism while avoiding armed conflict. A measure of this has been achieved in Eu rope. But too much faith in Communist smiles and too much eagerness to settle down to an uncomplicated life may help The time may come again soon when the Communist world will need new sources of fric- tion to muddy international waters for their own aims. The sources are close at hand. Indo china is only one example. The Geneva agreements of 1804 call lor elections in all Viet Nam by July 1956. The United States and South Viet Nam did : vr Dllt IUC B-l CC111CU LO XJUk France did, to end its war with Ho Chi Minh's Communist forces in North Viet Nam, and there were supposed to be con sultations this July on election procedures. The American-supported South Viet Nam Premier, Ngo Dinh Diem, balked, fearing such talks would lead to elec tions .and- total Communist vic tory in Viet Nam, loosening the free world s toehold in South- Reds Violate Truce Communist China also makes much noise about Laos, one of Viet Nam's neighbors. Red forces in two provinces there have held salients since the end of Indochina hostilities. Recent ly the Communists, who are supported by Ho's forces, at tacked the royal Laotian army. Red China also exhibits much interest in the political woes of Indonesia, the world's sixth largest nation. A clash between ;r " A . V. munist of TnH(. nesian government has brought on a crisis that may end hopes for Indonesia's first national elections in September. Those elections promised to bring a. degree of political maturity to the rich but backward country. The summit conference built up dreams of peace, inspired hopes of reduced arms spending, of a future peaceful pursuit of happiness. The next major world crisis, no matter where, is sure to bring cruel disappointment to such hopes and be a severe test of the power of perseverance in the West Sidelights Yachtman Donald i A. Mitch ell was well prepared for emer gencies when he set sail from Miami, but his faith in fellow sailors was shaken at the end of 12 miserable hours in dis tress. His boat settled in shal low water within sight of the city but 10 flares, two smoke bombs and a dye marker failed to bring him help. He finally was rescued by two boys who passed close by in a motorboat This low-key response to distress -also amazed Carl Min ion, who crash-landed his light plane on a lake near Cincinnati. What puzzled him most, he said, was the way fishermen on the shore kept right on fishing as though airplanes plummeted in to the lake every hour. fAURUjhURrrvd.APNewttaturt) , fftf :: - M x 1 11 4 k