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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (July 21, 1918)
U SSION FOR GERMAN . ': -MOST. OFFICIALS OBNOXIOUS "Military, Necessity" h Phrase Worn Threadbare by Hun Execu tives, Whose Annoying Attitude Is' Borne - With Patience by -r Humanitarians Who Assume Task of. Feeding Belgians. THE .OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING. - JULY 21, 1918. COMMI 1 -j ': '. r- - - ' j , " : (A ; J . 'iA A i. ; L: BY BRAND WHITLOCK , - ' : Cnlud Sutae Mlntoter to B!fluni - , '"TV4- ?PTrfb.tJ ,n Ort Britain. Cand. and iutnllt. All rfc-hta wtmd (or True. Boltaoa, Xunf. Spain. KttMi nd the Se.ndtn.TUo oaaMw. J ,V AfEAN WHILE, In anxious -Impatience, we were awaiting" the return of our . , envy- n mornlnf, from the unexpected directfon of Berlin, came a telegram from Mr. Gerard laying that the British government had agreed to let food come into Belgium provided it was sent by the American embassy In London to the American legation in Brussels. Sa there was hope! We waited another week; then I had a bundle of telegrams that had come by way of The Hague another sign of amelioration, showing that communication by way of The Hague and Antwerp had been restored. fi- A One of the telegrams was from our , sen tative of the commission to arrive ambassador in London, Dr. Pare, , who aid . that in persuanco of our request for assistance, : he had asked Mr. Her bert Clark Hoover to organize a com mittee to raise funds and to purchase food for the Belgian civil population. There was a telegram -also from Mr. Hoover, known to' me then only aa the American who had been at the head of the 'committee formed in London to assist in repatriating: Americans whom the flood of war had overwhelmed. It was a sympathetic and heartening re sponse Mr. Hoover said that he had organised the committee which would set up at once the machinery necessary to the purchase and the shipment of the food; that the organisation had been named the American commission for re lief In BelglunJ; that It would be com posed exclusively of Americans, and that, in accordance with the condition laid down by the British government, the food would be shipped to me aa American minister at Brussels, under the American flag. I sent a telegram expressing the gratitude of the Belgian people, of the Comlte -National, and of myself, for this most generous re sponse to our appeal, a response In which , I could have my own patriotic pride and satisfaction ; but I asked that my friend and colleague the Marquis of Vlllalobar. be Included aa patron in a relation identical with my own, and called attention to the efforts he had made to aid the great work. And this was done. Relief Work Takes Shape There was another telegram, from Olbeon. asking that a thousand labels In German, with the authorisation of , the government, be sent at once to Rotterdam to- be . placed on the ship ments of food about to be sent In. This naa an encouraging and practical sound, and I could at once bear the good news to the gentlemen of the Comlte National. The next afternoon, at last, to my - delight, the Baron Lambert, well groomed and smart as ever, came in, in sit Wants- twiv Tartar wltft Va 'vma4 news; and far too modest over the suc cess of his mission. Messre. Heineman ' ana rrancqui were to arrive in Brus sels that evening j Gibson was staying on in Kngland. Weeks before, the Comlte' National had. sent Mr. Millard K. Bhaler, for whom, as an American citizen, we had been able to secure authorisation from the Oermana to leave Belgium, to Lon don to buy food. In those days travel er ha to make a great detour around by Maestrlche to get out pf the coun ' try; and after I succeeded in having him - releaned from the - Kommandan tur at Liege, where he had been held two days as a spy, Mr. Bhaler was al lowed to leave and to resume his jour ney to London. Now he returned; he r.aa oeen aoie 10 ouy wneai lor tne Comlte National but had not been able to obtain permits for Its export. He , omild give us more details of the almost Insuperable difficulties that lay In the y of the prodigious enterprise we had undertaken, difficulties which, had we been able to foresee them, would have deterred us from the attempt. In those days, still living In the Western . worm aa we naa Known it, tnat woria of reason and . helpfulness. We were soon to learn of another world, but we did. not know It then; We thought that If we could procure enough food to last over winter our troubles would be over I V AmimA rvfla Arrives ,' However, on Saturday, October t, there . arrived at the Legation a good looking : young American Just graduated from ' YJ Jl 1.4 wUk 1U. . v. u, " rvi. vicar1 c ftnu a a grandson of.Oeorre Wfillam Curtis. , He came through from Rotterdam with letters from Captain Luoey saying that ' th first shipment of food had arrived. ' He was a welcomed guest, this quiet self -restrained boy, who, the first repre- R. Caldwell's proved more any other laxative I have members of my family commend it highly. TF !. I M. CbarieeJfWka, a-ousoeipasa, f. Dr. GaldwelFs Syrtip P.epsiii The Perfect Laxative SbHlyjr Druggists Everywhere 50 cts. (S) $1.00 A combination of simple laxative herbs with pepsin pat acts in an easy, natural way, and is as safe for children as -it is positively effective on the .strongest constitution. A trial bottle . n obtained, free of charge by writing to -Gfwell, 458; Washington Street, Monticcllo, Illinois.' ; ' , ; in Belgium was to be the last to leave. Early in November Gibson ' returned from the Odysaee that had taken him to Havre and to that little corner of Flanders left to Belglum,rwhere, - In a summer cottage in the .' bleak aand dunes by the sea. he had seen the king and the queen, living tn the midst of that austere scene, with, cold November winds blowing, and now and then a shell screaming over their roof, sup porting their fate with royal fortitude. He brought back ' the kindest of mes sages from their majesties and from Baron do Groqueville and from my colleagues at Havre, and he brought back the details of the great organisa tion Mr. Hoover was undertaking. We had been experiencing the first of those tremendous and complicated difficulties in carrying on the work of feeding the Belgians, difficulties that were destined to dog us with an almost maddening persistence during so many months and what, in their slow lapse, seemed so many years. The organisation of an enterprise that had to .devise ways and means of raising $10,006,000 every month of purchasing food stuffs in the distant markets of the world. In Ar gentine, in Canada, in America, find the means of transport across troubled and dangerous seas, and distribute it to seven mlUlorjt of people : in a land where the ole machinery of common life had been dislocated, where there were none of the ordinary means of communication, and to do all this In the midst of armies lh the field, was a task that would have seemed Insuper able a few months before. Office Opened In Brussels The C, R. B., as we were soon calling the commission for relief In Belgium, had offices In London, in New York and in Rotterdam, and now it was to establish an office in Brussels, and one or ute nrst oirilcuities was to co ordinate its relations with the gigantic organisation of the C. N., as we were soon calling the Comlte National. Under the conditions lmnosed bv th British government the food stuffs were to be consigned to the American minister at- Brussels and to be . dis tributed under his supervision; he was to be the responsible . witness of the tact that there had been strict observ ance on the part of the German soldiers of the guarantees given by the Field Marshal Baron von der Golts Pacha, governor general In Belgium. But since the American minister, even with the best will In the world, could not be ubiquitous, he had "to have recourse to representation, and Mr. Hoover hit upon the happy device of securing the services of two score young Americans Just then students at Oxford, young men wno naa proved their metal by winning the Rhodes scholarships. They volunteered for the work. It would have been dificult to create such an organisation in the ordinary times of peace, with everybody well disposed, but, in addition to the physi cal obstacles created by the chaos of war, there was an atmosphere highly charged with its various suspicions, envies, jealousies, hatreds and all the meaner passions let loose In mad fury In the world, that made It almost Im possible. This Stupendous ora-aniu- tion was due largely to the genius of Herbert Clark Hoover, but the minor task of keeping peace in the family seemed by some unkind fatality to fall to the lot of the person who happened to be American minister' at' Brussels, and seemed to offer a convenient hu man substance to absorb all the nuroer our shocks. ' Perhaps It was because that substance was of the very soft ness sometimes Irritably attributed to it when It declined or failed to range Itself promptly and belligerently on one or the other side of the disagreements that almost dally distressed us.; I do not know; all I know hi that It seemed to be my role for a long time to Induce pouting men of various nationalities and widely separated points of view and different habits of thought to meet Syrup Pepsin has satisfactory than ever used The other also use it and we re Csldwefl written b, V 5005 N.5tk Street; 1 I . If, -"t. ur , x. - -5- tf"r ill at the legation and, over a cup of tea, notoriously an Innocuous and sooth ing "beverage, to compose or forget their differences and to allow those poor Bel gians, who had no quarrel with any body, to go on, eating. Germans in Ugly Mood The atmosphere In Brussels during those early days In November were not congenial to accords, and indeed, it did not improve in this respect as time went on. The Oermana clllatory humor, they were. Indeed, dis tinctly difficult and Irritable. The kaiser had come to town for a day and had installed himself In the dark old palace of the d'Arenberg's there In the Petit Sablon; it was said that things were not going on well toward the sea and down near Calais and Dunkerque; and, as I beard some time later, that the kaiser had come wlthin 15, minutes of his death by an English aviator's bomb at Thlelt. He was In a chateau there, so a German officer told me : was to lunch and leave in the Imperial motor at liSOf The Imperial luncheon) nowever, was tinished earlier than had been expected and the kaiser left in the Imperial motor at 1:15. At 1:10 the aviator was hovering overhead", and the bomb dropped and exploded in the chateau. We were not at that m. however, so expert In noting the reflex actions of such incidents as we became later. But at any rate the Belgian flag and even the flag of Brussels had been ordered down from the Hotel de Villa, and because a Brussels policeman in a scurne naa struck a German secret agent the Germans fined the City of crusseis b.uou.vuo rrancs and demanded that all policemen be disarmed and that theyv salute the German officers. "What! said one" policeman. "Salute tnem arter nney killed my father and motner v But whatever the cause mav have been, the authorities were difficult, even those who desired, to be other wise. We began to encounter the phe nomenon, not new In the world, of the tyranny of a phrase. As Socialists, for instance, -speak of class consciousness. so tne German officers spoke of "milt tary necessity. We would ask that something be done, something that seemed innocent and harmless, but no. It could not be done; and when we asked why, the words "military neoes- FRAGMENTS FROM. v.. ... . .. i ' if ' 'v.t i - Say. take a slant at this guy. if W as & v v M-mw j . fr ... V ;. : i-! ' 5 -- - ' r"v - , : - , slty" were pronounced: .often In Sme ffV! H i H ' V;W r ' " , of the civil departments they would S 'J I 'H iHM -' --7x i--f . A 'i shrug their shoulders and say. "lea I l, ? T? ' )C ! '1' !iaf" V TV "' " fX militaries n'en veulent pas." ("the mill- Mt&J- N f T) M C f' l Ury does not wish 1C) and that was ,VjtN Y i , an end of it. no use for further discus- I vT v ,--- f ' i VF 'fT.w ' ion; It waa as though a prophet of I ff f f::; ( 'r V-i i7j (ril , . r 4 f old had. cried. Thus aalth the Lord." . I : J' Vk YiJ !v N.' fltt Ti v "i Attitude Annoying The guarantees of the Pacha seemed clear enough, unless "messieurs les mill tai res" should pronounce the ataxic formula "une neeeesite milltalre" ;' then they would become something else. W had the - guarantees of the governor general permitting the food to enter and protecting It from seizure, but this document was as yet a lifeless thing; It had to be vivified by construction and by application. To render It prac tical It Implied the means of communi cation and free circulation, tn a word passierscheln, for a large number of delegates of the C. R. B. I may as well say now that of mil the food Imported Into Belgium by the C R. B. during all the time we were there, the Ger mans never seized a grain; the guar antee waa enforced and respected. But there were always military difficulties ; things were done but seldom done gra ciously or In that grand manner. .If they did Justice, they did It as though they were granting a favor, and if they granted a favor they did It with a gesture that absolved the recipient of the obligation of gratitude. Our right to oireulae. for instance, to come and go, was not disputed, was Indeed admitted, but it seemed to be Impos sible to procure paaaierschelns which when shown to stolid sentinels would let one by. The authorities would shake their heads, shrug their shoulders and ajss tjs sont les mimeires : ' ( Tney are soldiers!") We discussed passlersqheins for months. We had to have passlersohelns for Curtis, who was to come and go be tween Rotterdam and Brussels bearing the C. R. B. dispatches. We had, to have paasierschelns tor" the delegates of the C. R. B., who -were to travel about in Belgium ; we. that is Vlllalobar and I had to have passierscheins for ourselves. It waa on November K, after many consultations, that we gathered at last around the long oaken table at the American legation there in my room and FRANCE He's got a salisatca his,EStsru'icni' all tigg? NJ W r 1 fv 1I Abo lert to riflht Storehouse for commission for relier in Belgium at Itotlerdam; American relief ahip un loading at Rotterdam. Below The commission for relief In Belgium. Herbert Hoover Is seated Hfth from the left, and seated, second from the right, Is Chevalier E. Carton de WlarL had the first of those , sessions that were , to be so often repeated in the history of the revltallement (revtctual lslng of Belgium". The personages were always the same ; Mr. Hoover was pree ent, of course, when he was In Brus sels, and after the C. R. B. had a di rector, he made one of the council. That day, however, there was the Mar quis of Vlllalobar. Mr. Solvay, whose snowy -white hair and beard framed the kindly face of the humanitarian ; Mr. Francqul, with his energy, his will, his executive force and vigor, his black eyes flashing determination or sparkling humorously In the oonstant sallies of his wit; the Baron Lambert, the grave banker of the old house of the Roths childs, scrupulously elegant in attire, polished in- manner, particular In little things as in big he would never have a letter written on a typewriter, for In stance: he had them all written out by hand in a script that looked aa though It had been from an engraved plate and Mr. Emmanuel Jenssen, a grandson by marriage of Mr. Solvay, Mr. Francqul read a rough" draft In BY BAIRNSFATHER 4: i which had been outlined with order and particularity the whole organiza tion ; first of the C. R. B.. with Its com mittees and headquarters in London, New York and Brussels, its shipping station at Rotterdam; then of the C N.. with Us seat in Brussels, a sub committee In each province, etc.. down to the communes, and all the vast sys tem of exchange for the finance of the enterprise, arranged by Mr. Heineman and the Oeheimrath Kaufman. Thus slowly and with Infinite pains the vast structure waa reared, with aa many complications and difficulties, aa It seemed at the time, aa there were at the Tower of Babel. Food at last Is on Way - That the great organisation, the one constructive organisation left in the world, was got Into suck perfect and efficient order at laat Was due to the union of such efficient minds and wills aa those of Emlie Franoqul and Her bert C. Hoover, though each of the oth ers contributed his share of real ability, of patience, of good will and of desire to serve humanity. And It waa worth all it cost of pain and effort when one evening a telegram came from Rotter dam saying that grain waa being sent to LJege In charge of Captain Suther land, military attache at The Hague, and we could aay that food was at last coming' into Belgium 1 . h.nrt nd. In many respects the best of his short stories. "Bouia de Sulf " a story that depicts with the remorse lees precision of his Impeccable and cyn ical art the Incredible meanness of hu man nature. Guy de Maupassant sums up in a phrase the essential spiritual sig nificance of the Prussian occupation of Normandy in 170. when he says : "There waa, however., aomethlnc tn th. .i. something subtle and unknown, a strange uiioicraoi aunoepnere, like a dif fused odor, the odor of invasion." in France In l70.soln Belgium In III 4, It was the atmosphere, the moral odor of invasion, that waa hardest to tear. To those who has been used all their lives careleaaly to breathe Its air. liberty, now that it waa loet. became a very : real and "beautiful thing. It waa always galling and at times maddening, even for us who were the most privi leged In the land, to have every desire, very Impulse, every right, obstructed by a "verboten." At every prominent corner In town there were brutal Qer nian sentinels with red flags, great placards labeled "Halte" and runs, with their long bayonet fixed. Everyone must have passierscheins and personal auswels and we floundered In a morass of regulations that made life an Intoler able burden. Han Efficiency Is Scored Much has been written of the cleanli ness and order of German cities ; i have written some of it myself ; but I should rather live tn a city aa dirty as some Z might name In France or Italy, governed by a machine as corrupt aa some I have heard of la America, compoeed of the moat renowned and reprehensible of our bosaea. and have liberty aa on does have it la them, than to dwell In one of those cities cf Oermany. with their tnglngs and ausgangs. clean and regulated to the last degree, of course, but wholly with out 'charm, and with the Institutional odor of a penitentiary. , It earn on us gradually, a alow closing In of the remorseless and Inflexible hand of Iron. To understand It on must un derstand the Belgian dtlea, fun of civic pride and etrlo virtue, and ton of lib erty, too. They are free dtiee, and aft er do reflection X should aay that they are the beat governed cities anywhere In thin world precisely because they gov ern themselves, and. what Is mora, be cause they have a pride In themselves, a conscious, collective, oomraunaL civic Prtde. - To understand It. too, one must take Into account the Belgian love of democracy, the Belgian love of liberty. Th king la not king of Belgium? bo la king of the Belgian Rot dee Beiges; there la a vast dlfferenoa This love of liberty waa developed tn th democratic school of the commune ; It was the eotn mune again resisting at Liege, at DU- mude and th Tser. Each of th cttleVof Belgium has Its narked personality. It distinct Individ uality ; each has Its peculiar charm, al most -Its own enatoma - Bregeev Ghent. Antwerp. Brussels; XJege, an lovely, full of poetry and romance, yet an different. as sisters la on family are different. These old cities are very proud ; they are proud of their history, proud of their beautiful city balls and public mono- .Baals; they are proud of thetr bourg -4 ir-Xmrn metre if he looks well In' the red scarf. and they are proud of their liberty and fieroe In their lndependenc. Attacked from the outside, ther all atand bintkw Catholic -UberaL Socialist. Flemish and Walloon. The cities are scrupulously clean -cleantinea. Indeed., la a Belgian trait; and there la an ordinance or bv- law in Bruseela which forblde people to wash their atdewalks or the fronts of their bouoes after 10 o'clock In the morning, otherwise the eplaahing and "wuii wouia go on an the time. Belgian Clocks Advanced -T.om uermana sought to. Introduce German Ways and. German regulatione. tried to make them over, and to make ovor ine people la them. The way to law. wey inougnt. waa to laaue orders and to publish them In afflchee on the city walla, or to give paternal oounsel. Ilk. that advice of the Pacha to the people to aave th. imn ui to put It tn th savings banks where. 7" uia do respectea ; tne aa vlce was given at the very moment when levies were being Imposed on all the cities and provinces in the land I Not a day paased without a new ana vexing regulation. In an afflche posted on November there was an avis which, by the way of proving the pa- taroai interact or tne government tn the people, said that the German gov eminent had done air H could to e-et food and fuel tor the Belgians, urging the people to return to their usual em ployment, and advised the communal authorities not to give money to any body who would not work, and. In the third place, announced that on and "Nerves" writes : Is it poeetble to find a medicine which by Its tonic or nutri tive powers will bring the glow of health rand ambition back to a man who has everything In the world but health and happiness? I am dull, forgetful, de spondent, weak, trembling, short of breath and suffer more or lees with pain In spine aad back of head." Answer: Tour condition Indicate the need of a strong, harm lias tonic autrt- tlve to restore nerve equilibrium, which tn turn fortiflee and strengthens th or gans of nutrition, thus vitalizing th blood and promoting new cell and tissue to take care of the waste forces. Thre graln cadomene tablets, packed In sealed tubes with full directions, srs recom mended In ail such cases. e e Mra U O. wrttee : "My husband Is surely afflicted with some kidney dis ease. He has beoom weak aad suffers with bos dacha aad pains tn his back and groins. Pains are Ilk rheumatism. His ankle swell and his feet seem to be tired all th tun. 8mn days be baa chills and a. appetite. Please preaerfb." Answert Th symptoms Indicate de rangement of kidneys and should not be neglected. Z would advise baJmwort tablets, a compound well suited to such cases. Obtain tn sealed tubes with di rections for come una. Adel writes :-riy hair Is combing out, my scalp : itches and dandruff is much annoying, and X want something to cur these oonditlona" Answer: For hair and scalp troublee X have never found anything to equal J 'Vv, i - '.'' V 1 ! after November I the affairs of ' life would be regulated by normal time i that la. of course. German time, fifty six minutes earlier than Belgian time, which. -was Greenwich or Engllah,cand prevailed ail over the weat of Europe. The public clocks were duly ad- - vanced but nobody In Bruaeela paid the allghtest attention ; everyone continued to regulate by fheure beige such, affairs , of life aa were left to him. Turning Into the piece dee la Monnale from the rue dee Frlperlee one afternoon Z aaw . two women atop; one asked th hour ' and the other, glancing up at the clock which marked 1 o'clock, said instant ly. "It's o'clock." It .was like . that everywhere, though for ua of the legations there waa a complication ; when we had an appointment with a ' Belgian we had to remember Belgian time, and In speaking to a Belgian one must remember not to refer to I'heure allemande. This fast gave rise at one to a new example of la swans Brux ellolee. "The kaiser says they must . ad vance on Parle,' but they dont ad vance; then, they must advance on : Calais,' but they don t advance ; then, they must advance on Cracow, but they don't advance there, either; then ' he saya we must advance the Brussels clocks one hour. " (To Be Continued Next Sunday)-, Yankee Horse Gets Fine Language Work . ' . ; - v "With the American Force Xa Pleardy, June J7. U. P.) (By mail) Th Am erican horoe la an apt llnqulst. Sold overseas to the Wench from America during the first three years of the war. v be had to learn Trench to understand his new masters. - Then ' sold back to America for service with his own army after the United States entered the war. he had to learn English, or rather American all over again. Hundreds of these American horses were bought from the Enrllsh when the first forces from the United States landed. The driver, wer constantly la trouble, and. at first couldn't under stand the reason. "I had a team out during a review." said one driver, "asd eouldnt make 'em budge. I yelled 'gft-up and everything else at 'em. ' and they Juat sort of looked aroun' like they thought I waa foolish. Then I remembered that X heard a frog yell 'alley at his horeea I yelled 'alley.' and away they went." Th horses now are a good deal tike th soldier. They'll respond to either French or English commends. Had Cat Bites Bo ' Dublin. Ol, July SO. L N. 8- A oat affected with rabies attacked two son of J. W. RuaeeO. biting them on th arms and hands. They have been given Paslnvr treatment. 4 Zfr lewis. Ar The Questions answered below general In character, the symptoms or diseases are given and the answers will apply In any case ef similar nature. Those wishing further advlc. free may addreee Zr. Lewis Baker, College bldg-. College-Ell wood streets. Dayton. Ohio, enclosing self addressed stamped -envelope for reply. Full nam and ad drees must be given, but only Initials or fictitious name will be used tn my answers. The prescriptions can be filled . at any well stocked drug star. Any druggist caa order of wholesaler. - the beneficial results of a thorough treatment of plain yellow mlnyoL It Is cooling, cleansing and Invigorating, and thousands now use it regularly as a hair and scalp tonic , 0 - e e - "'" 8. E. writes: "Two years ago X used your great prescription tor aldney trou ble, and It wholly overcame the troublst I want medicine now for constipation and Impure blood, for I am a sight with, ptmpia that max big. lampy sores." . Answer. X would advise the taking of three-grain sulpherb tablets (not sut. phur) for several months to purify th system. e . e s - 3. E. l. asks; "Can I safely rednc my weight, and howT ' Answer: Go to a wen stocked drag gist and get five-grain arbolon tablet In sealed tub with complete direction a Take as directed, and you should soon feel the relief you desire. Many of my patients report quick results without any harmful action whatever. . NOTE: For many years Dr. Baker has been giving free advice and ores crip Cons to millions of people through th Kees columns, and doubtless has helped relieving Illness and distreee more . than aay etngie Individual la the world , history. Tbouaanda have wiittea him ex preesioae of gratitude "and oonfidenos similar to the following: Dr. Lewia Baker. Dear Sir I am glad I was recommended to your prescript ton for medicine. X was prettv well rua down, nervous and loee of ambition ; felt tired all th time; could not eleep, loss of appetite, ftt week and trembled from wee knees. X find three-grain Cado mene Tablets are helping me very much. I was WTttiag to my aister about my run-down eondltion and aba advised me to take your pi ascription of medicine, for ehe waa aa bad aa I waa and th. Cadomene built her nervee up and aleo restored ber health. I am more thaa thankful, etc Yours truly, . CEOROK PCHILLO. I'etr v. jAdV.) CeveJacd, C