The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972, March 21, 1915, Image 21

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The Oregon daily journal., March 21, 1915, Page 21, Image 21

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Newspaper Page Text. - " I " - ! V 1 ' j1 " - MARCH 20. 1915J Pc: f;: yrf?.-:yuM ;' ' 1 ' THE : OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SATURDAY EVENING 5 f ART OF DROP FORGING HAS ALMOST REACHED STATE OF PERFECTION Wonderfuf Work Is Produced by Great Hammers in the Shaping of Different Parts DELIVERY OF BUICK SHIPMENT. BEGINS Advic Given as to When and Hdw to Use Demon- stratior Car INTERESTING INSIGHT INTO METHODS OF AGEp SECURED HAKDSOME NEW CAR JUST ARRIVED FROM EAST fii 1 -i rlllxlD SMITHY WAS ORIGINATOR later Railroad Blacksmith and After ward Automobile Men Brought Scisncs to Present Efficiency. To a great extent the tremendous .production records attained by the larger American motor car factories in '. the past few years 'have been accom- pllshed through the rupM strides made In tiie development of th"e art of drop foriring. ' From the very beginning of the auto mobile industry," engineers have sought a means of obtaining , maximum . strength ' in the parts subjected- to : heavy strain,' without adding useless weight to the - completed car. lirop forging and the use of high grade chromo Vanadium steel proved the solution of the problem, and today the . manufacturer who builds the majority Of the parts 'used fri his car, counts an ! ; efficient forge Hliop as one of hia most Valuable posnessioiis. ( Our old friend, the .village black smith, was tlio first to drop forge. Somft 60 years bk a member of this brothf-rhod evolved the scheme . for tisln a steam hammer on the larger forgijigs he lial to 'make. Hut in or der, to achieve the desired result; he was-compelled to worktrou,t the mate- . rial almost to- the. desired shape by band, .-then with ttier aid of portable tools which were used "in conjunction with liis crude steam hammer, the forgings were finished to size. With this method, much depended upon- the fckill of the smith, and uniformity was more or less a matter of guess work. The human clement was strong. . f Wow Purely Mechanical. .The railroad 'blacksmith . took -up . the methods of :his predecessor arid im proved upon them, and. the experts in the. big sewing machhie, shoo machin ery and harvesting machinery -factories added inventions and improve ments which still further simplified the process. ' ' The automobile1 manufacturer, how . ever, has brought the art down to its greatest point of: efficiency, and men who understand'; the principles of . motor car construction are inclined to measure the 'longevity of an automo bile by the number of drop forgings entering into its construction. From the fact that drop forging is nowadays purely mechanical, thus ', eliminating th human element of skill ' and artisaiiship formerly acquired by ;the . smith, the methods used are ex tremely simple and effect a wonderful reduction in the cost of production, and in addition, uniformity of product Is absolutely assured. In some cases the production cost is reduced -.on a ratio of about 40 or &0 to 1. Forgings can be made in greater variety, and those which were most difficult and even impossible to finish over' tho anvil, arc now formed with apparent ease under the drop hammer. There is ' almost no limit to design; any shape from a cocked hat to a frying pan can be formed. In addition, the work is accurate and finished. Advantages Grasped. As pioneers in the manufacture of parts for automobiles. Dodge Brothers, who have just placed their- own' car - on the niarket, rapidly grasped the ad- - Vantages , of drop: forging, and, their forge plant in Detroit is pointed out as typifying all that is best 'in the business. The huge steam hammers .'. Nvith their falling weights, as heavy us two to three tons, are almqst con stantly in operation, turning out parts for ' the new car. Here the visitor can see the standard steel stock, heated to a white glow and . then placed under the hammers, com ing, from them magically formed into front Axle, connecting rod. crankshaft, camshaft, or any other of a hundred . and on,e parts. 'There is a special set of dies- for each part, the hammer head receiving one-half and the bed of the. machine the other. The first net breaks down the stock into the general shape required, while the Bec ond set shapes it accurately. Some- - times b6th sets are In one hammer, if the part is small enough tp admit two fcets side by side. Often break down : and finishing hammers are separate. To the visitor making his first trip through a forge shop, it-is a source of considerable wonder as to how the tnen" in charge of the hammers stand the terrific heat from the whlte-aot - metals. The answer is found In the type of building erected to' house the forge shop. This is typical of the -big modern manufacturing institu tions of the kind. The buildings are long and narrow,, of steel and con crete construction, and built so that during the summer montha it is pos sible to open practically all sides of the structure and admitTevery particle Of air. II M f33 ih 1 1 I Tne maJr Part of the train, com- If I lull hjrlstnS carloads for thi Pticifio I 1 I xKaOT'vScxSkl J III II northwest, was Incorporated Into an il 19 Wla VsWWiB II The IJuick its 10 J special train has reached destination. ben rriade to Parific Tho train staffed from Flint,- Mich., Kebrua Cedar Rapids, coast. car load k consign and 12 points, delivery caHoads contained therein the has the several agents of tbj Howard Automobile Co. on the y 20, and was run intact to Iowa, where the 38 ed to California points carloads eorifigned to Oregon were wltnarawn rrom tne train, dnd run as a Fpocial train over the Cefitral route to California, and thence Ito Oregon. v The major jpart of the trial n. pristng Bl carloads for thb northwest, wajs Incorporated other special j train and taken td St. Paul, Minn., where it was tuirned j over to fhe Northern Pacific Railway Co.. and run pn a! daylight schedule from that cityto Seattle. The train vfas on exhibition in the yaras or the iortnerri Paclflie business center of Spokane Thursdayt Mafeh 11. At Spokane six carloads for thc Northwest Buick Com panys Spokanje house, one carload for Ho, Idaho, seven carloads far Colfax Wash., one eaph to ReardanJ Harring ton, Bluestem j and Odessa, ahd to to "VVaterville, w.ere set out. morning the light schedule Washington. At RtUvillH on the stdind train started bn a j day loads before UPKEEP OF YOUR across the two carloads and Chris R Buick agent there, displayed his; act ivity by f unloading one of the dapaxtur Friday state of were put piker the the of bo uel MOTOR Evef-y year thousands of internal combustion engjines are thrown into trie scrap neap, toiaiiv rmneii v nu- tiun,'' ltcordind to :. 1. Wright, or the local firm of Ballon Wright one of the largest auto a-cessory aeai- eri in ! the Puclfic norttiwest 'An lappreciation ! of the vital im- nd a slight ; knowledge or tne conainona necessary1- for Satisfactory operation. would !be the nieans of adding many yejirs pf usefulness to every engine. Kuir thi-owner oif an automobile, motor bojit of motorcycle, ; the lack of a lit- tUj knowledge Bs ai dangerous thing. Tlie points noted below," continued Mi. f right, 'jlhouid be thorougnly uniderstood by levepy operator of an internal combustion engine." Pointers Are Given. All drain cocks are closed. Valves are prouerlv timed Magneto is piroperly timed Spark plug- gaps are prouerlv set. v.arruretor la properly adjusted. Muriier is tree rrom soot. AVatr circulatinel system is in uer. All bearings lire Correctly fitted. Compression space is tree from car- Valves (being out of time. If the above suggestions are proper ly checked and traced, a greit amount of shop work may be saved the owner as well as th life of the engine jfreat- or- DON 'T DRIVE IN RUT, TEXAS CLUB'S MOTTO All Automobilists Urged to Follow; Example Set; Con servation Important. "AH automobilists should be ex ponents of the Texas Good Roads flue's motto, 'DonH drive iln the rut," in the opinion of C; I.. Boss, local dis tributor of the Hudson line. "Conservation of good roads is just and oil SuddIv are corrupt. The Causes fojr poor operation .'ire: Leakage of i coraDression broken plugs, i l I raulity pistori rings. Too inuch plsttn clearance. I'se of oil ufj tool light a body. Valvies not seating. Leaky priminjg cocks. 1 tnn U-.r .vn..'.rn... i' Hrokert piston ring lock pin. l!auljty ignition grounded wire?. l lie I motor knocks because: Ignition is advanced too far. Compression is too high. Spartk plugs are idefective. - Preillature ignition occurs due to in candescent carbon or projecting thread. Cylinders are carbonized. Pistfn r head is too thin. Theife is too much piston clearance. Bearjings have too much slack Pistyn or piston rings stritce ridge in cylijnder. . Fuel) mixture is out of adjustment. Flywheel bolts are loose. Knglne is overheated from lack of water or oil. The overhea ing of an engine is caused! by: Ignition, beinjg timed too late. alVes not Seating properly. Radiator or water pipes being fouled. Water pump being out of order. Fan I bolt slipping. Muffler beinjr fouled. Lubrication being insufficient or Poor. Radiator beirg too small for motor. Brakes dracinir i IMo.tor being liew and n 'Hun in." 1 Carburetor bflng out of adjustment. Ha important ria tba pni-num trmcn or gooo road building. fioori maris cost a lot or ftnoney and a motorist pays sL good deal toward it. The owner of an ! automobiile should feel the re-j sponsiblllty in making his share ofi the investment in j good roads go as fair as! possible 4,BaJ roada discourage motoring, yet ' to)' a Certain ej tent motorists are re- sponsible for them. How often have ' o 'u eeen a wen oilea road 1-n fairly gOod condition, or a new section . of hlghwfiy Just quilt,; become almost im- passaljle by colnstaht usage of a rut that was first marked by the initial cajr td travel over it. Six-inches of road. Often 12 to 16 feet wide, is called upon to stand .the! strain of all the traffid over 1 . . This really should not? be. Of course it is the natural tendency to drive i on the crown of tlje road, but ih principle It is wrong, if thej road is to be used to the best advantage. "After these ruts are started and the siirface hfes been broken through, come (the chueic holes and duet holes, and ih rainy seasons you have the water to contend with, which softens the surface and decreases the effi ciency of ma erial used in making the road. j 1"'Dbn"t drive In the rut, if lived up toj would save: thousands of dol lars ahnually ih the building of roads, j irtcreajse the pleasure of the tourists! rriany tirrfes, ahd in the end save the! aijitomjobile." Everything for the Auto El obiles GIBSON ELECTRIC GARAGE & STOR AGE BATTERY COMPANY Mar. UbZ 434 ALDER ST. ! A-7435 I ' n -I ear th e warm Yak train. .The train was held Friday ' night, and passed through thf Yakima valley Saturday. The special "was accorded a welcome In all. the towns of the ima valley. One carload was left at Sunnyside and two at North Yakima. At North Yakima. Mr. Schneider of the lqeal Buj ick agency, set to work unloading hig; cars. The train proceeded to Kliensi burg and there lay over night, f Th4 journey over the Cascades was made; Sunday, t One carload was set out ai Auburn for that point, and three car loads for Tacoma. one for Centralia and one for Hoquiam were" .likewise left behind. The remainder ' of th train, consisting of seven carload.- for Seattle, two for Kveiett, two for Stanwood and two for Bellinghaml reached Seattle' late Sunday night. I Mel G. Johnson, local manager for the Howard Automobile Co., accomi. panied by R. C. Buchanan of ,the Ppec tator, of this city, and F. H.' Fogarty) assistant general freight agent fpr th Northern Pacific railway, went- jfroim Portland to Spokane, and accompanied the train across .the state of Afvashi ington. That the market for Bulcks has not been supplied by this train is evi denced by the fact that Mr. Johnson secured orders for five more carfloJuls for immediate - shipment to Spokane. one carload to Sunnyslde, one .to ima, and ten to Seattle. - . Yak- By By nbeans suJotnlted tdl ers of ithe Qldsmobile recently gained an interesting insight into the business methods employed by their agents. One fact- wis brought otut vry forcibly In the progress or -the investigation,- that dealers look Upon j their demons trating car as one cjf theJlr greatest as sets for promoting business and clos ing salis. . Manvl dealfers. while strongly endors ing demonstrations, selves as disfavorirj rArospeetive buyers buyers generally, ate bjetter educated in the anerits of cirs than .in former ft judgment on the years, and can pas performance of a car almost lnstantly It was dedjared bV soitjie of the deal- a Ter diocks is ail necepsary for the of today, and that any j demonstration able to B arne business mdthods their agentsl and th Believing public w-oulrl mut uniform procedure demonstrations, t prospect expressed E. E. of a Perli kerie: dealers, ,tli expressed. tham- g length y rides ror for the reason that ers that a drive of the demonstration average! customer some do not requird at all. Attenjtion Iwas cal change w hich has c this respect the bulsinesjs. thougntl necessary tances land put a hard tests to! prove climb siteep Igrades, clay mud And attfcin speed c almtjd for it. the occasional prospect who demarids, these thingsj; the average buyer takes them fqr granted From the! opiniobs from dealers, tho Olds Re r. of questions manufactur- : v .- ( !h-. ' ' 1 1)11 LI " 1 HCL " - I " y ti led to the striking since the earlier days when it was always to drive long dps car through divers that ft would really Reo coupe broqght out by Northwest Aulbmobi le company, pullj through deep the mftTimiim Today ' it is, only hus obtained company was comrtile statistics revealing tho in practice among. it Vniiai off a.t Xndlananolia ese b tatistles ser-vf as a basis for cooperative work among the deailers. suggested tp dealers that they limit demonstrations to from (ten to 30 min utes, ekcept in ettracjrdinary cases tnat tney avoid demonstrating until a that the dealers and the ualljf profit bjd a in the matter of e manufacturers definite approval the external appearance and retails of the car; that they a.void suggesting a demonstration, but on the contrary, give the prospective buyer the oppor- of I tunity of asking for one if interested. and that they avoid selling tajik during the drive and allow the customer to give his undivided attention to the merits of the car itself, except to call attention to certain - features in the car's performance. Super-Sweepstakes i Beine Contemplated ' ed of Will Be ColmAiatlon of Alt 600 Mil Kaces to Date. Indianapolis. Ind.. March 20. A j$uper-sweepstakes,v.he culmination of All 500-mile races to date, is, now d 4ng contemplated by the Indianapolis motor speedway management, t the length of the contest to be at thousand miles and the purse $100,000. j I The originator of the pi an! is A. C. Newby, president of the National Mb- " ' j j I Tires Win Phoenix Caramel Prix Traveling Three Hundred One One-Half Miles Per 1 1 v-Uldt iKLace at jl.os f Over this hot macadam road, which ground down tires iik:e a gant emerv wheel. stone Tires again achieve an international ivictorkr March 1 7th. Ninety-seven laps cqvered in this race, which meant, that aCh of the three right angled (turns were roiinded -an auauionai xerriiic lire test, kjui or iv 97 times severe was the test of men, machines and tjres. .4 tor I i i ce Angeles ield. in a MakwelL Finishes First I'-1 I I I !..: Miles at Sixly-Eight and Without a Stop entrants only sixifinished the race, shis is only !one of the many drastic tests through' which Fir4stones have come vie- muc in fftr'hrti- tnnnfhc : If 1 I '. In the Los Angeles-Phoenix road race the lebmted "Cactus Derby" Firestone Tires fin ishedj first, second and third and in the El Paso- Phoenix road race (run at the same time, Fire stones wtin first. Those two gruelling races over 120QJmiles of unfrequented mountain and cfesert roads also put tires iq unprecedented tests. Study the reasojns for this service in the illustratiqn -nd compare Fire stonej prices with thi prices of ordinary tires. 1 Then you will always use the tire of most mils per dollar. WW, Firestone Net Itrices to Car Owners Case-I Round! Tread Caa. Hon. Bkid J Grey Tab Bed Tube 30x3 1$ 9.40 $10.55!$2.20 $2.50 30x32 i 11.901 13.35 2.60 2.90 32x3V2 I 13.731 15.40j 2.70 3.05 34x4 f lSL90i 22.301 3.90; 4.40 34x472 j 27.30 30.55j 4.80j 5.40 36x4l2 1 28.70, 32.151 5.00j 5.65 37x5 1 35.55! 39.80! 5.95! 6.70 38x5 46.001 51.501 6.751 7.55 fa ' z r 1 1 w m 1 1 ih ill !I Hi f t Hi hi t':i ir.'tti H - - w ,v Ffe" were fwmei fig. 2. jExhja coadru i tires tone Fig. 3. i inth Pure I none in flte F5a. 6J X incH st VvVW i Vvvvl i I Firestone Tire and Rubber Company "America's Jarftat Some Office JBraieiiM Non plic X so Actuki Size 5-inch Skid" FIRESTONE of Seajsland fabric in Fir e too B satisfied with 6. of ifinestvrubberj between fabric layers not in the ordinary. 'ara Rubber cushion layer in Firestone ordinary. i Fig. 4. 3-32 inch Breaker; Strip of Sea-Island fabric and high. rjin Firestone less in the ordinary. Fig. 5. inch Tread, tough, resilient, gripping in Firestone lees in the ordinary. e wall of strongest rubber e ordinary. less in ' WW fttWiV r.'i!i 1 Firestone III I Vat a Mill I I I if I I runs i in 4 patch tlinchet Exclusivs Tire and Biu Kaken." 65-67-69 Park Street, Nl, Portland, Oregoi Figi 7. Firestone Bead, built into tire ire stone. ordinary tire the clincher part pphed to straight side space. yoti pay only is 37x5 inch Firestone NON-SKIEM20 be low the average four widel advertised makes. for clincher bead is only to fill $39.80 for and Tactorr: Akron. Ohio. land Dealer JBrj whera. fit If Hi 'iS'iJ UlllN nilil! i 'fiifJ mil fff 'Hi I top "Vehicle company, and a director of the speedway, whose Idea it is to staKe a contest uch as never has been seen in the world before. 1 The ne ia to be Invitational, entri bejinff limited to makes of cars likvlntf won previous 600-mile ' contests. To date four such, makes are eLlg blef Marmon, Delate, . National and Peui Keot, with possibly a fifth after the next contest baa" been run. Entering prjobably five cars each, this would make a field of! 25 machince. the ab solute cream of the racing world! with the pick of racing drivers. A qualifying: speed of 90 ! m. p. "li. for.20 laps of t speedway Is to bo necessary, tand tli rare Is to Jiart at 6 a. m. Drivers are to take trickn dur ing tlie contest of 250 miles men, two drivers to a iar; If the race jpoed through. It will easily be the greatest ever run. "ay racing experts informed of the plan. ' i At tlie rlpso of 191S the total are planted in rubber in tho Kederatrd Malay states amounted to 4332 acres. ."'.., 1 . - . . . 1 . - ) . . 1 . - J - ' ' t I VALVE-IN-HEAD fe) ! Cl&S MOTOR CARS Mr. 1 rack & pyeir The air: Buick new era hauling mercial vai or tne new nick marks a in economical for the com- i . world! T Representative business . . - ... mem. Let us ten ypu find the i Buick; way houses everywhere are using or the Portland firms that Cheaper. Quicker and More Dependable. , $1375 F. O. B. Portland With Howard Service Howard Auto Company MEL. G. JOHNSON. Manaeer j Fourteenth and Davis Sts. Phones: Ma n 4550, A-2550 1 RUN FOR iYOUR LIFE For sure as you're horn, Here comes the Best Hand Horn In ARCHER Cttif with a Stewart Horn! the World Price l'"1v DollarM. AND WIGGINS OAK STREET, COIHEB SIXTH AUTOMOBILE SUPPLIES. SFOltTINO COODH. s -'i. ' r; 1-. - r I D i .i i . . Takes the Slant Out of the Piston Hf ati Pack nun D ma mis BALLOU & WRIGHT, Broadway at Oak ! Spark Plugs -4 aut6mobile and shop supplies TOOLS Brake-Lining MOTORCYCLES AND ACCESSORIES - Preer Tool and Supply Co. 74 Slxtb u Sli oak Sts. Fnenes Xala 1683, A 1683 r i iDnsi'moUdl. IT n RES i'uIcaniTfnrf BrtrMfffn D.F. CLODCETT. - f' non Mats 7000.