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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 21, 1912)
, THE OKEUON DAILY; JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 21, 1312. a i THE JOURNAL ) ATt 'INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER - , iHhUHfer 'jr Mutual nun-ulna- DornliiT t The Journal Pu and Yamhill Portland, I...i.M-t at tba poalufflce t P!1"" ' t r ttuiinjilaJua tUrwdb ib sUe eooa la umtlwr. il I Kl UtlNM Main TUSt 111 the oearator what dcinrtnt yon " KXttia.N ADVERTISING MKPKKMltNTATI V fc SS5 Hfth ateum". New k W ." f bi Building. Chicago. i bJ.riptiod Tnni br ln 1(,WM t la tli LnU4 sHetes ,,' unKn-iftK r, n 1 ft V :ir-: I) vi.'..A . ''.. J Out yew..: 15 on r Ona'sxwta f SUNDAY. Ona rur...:....l2.G0 t On moat,....... " ? . DAILY ASP SUNDAY One ear........T.Sa 1 On mcnta. if Small habits well pursued! be- ' : times i - ' Msy reach the 4lgnlty of crimes., -- Hannah More. rOVERTY'S. CHRISTMAS H OW fares it with Portland pov erty on the) eve ot.Caristmas week? ' A woman with five children has been living in a tent. The hus- band Is dead. It, ir not a Question !of Christmas functions, but one of lood and clothing for the children. J Another place Is a shack. It tas I no windows for light,;, It has no Heds for a mother and her children. -The mother is feeble, and a boy of nine was slowly bleeding , to death when the family was discovered by .tbe iSlks' committee, which is dis tributing Christmas offerings. These are but two cases out of "eeores discovered by the Elks. . The Associated Charities report others. A father Is In jail. A mother and ''daughter are in a little room on ' which the rent is not raid. ' They have no money to buy supplies... :'; A widowed v mother with; seven yChildren has scanty resources and 'wlll spend , Christmas day In bed. She ia over-worked and under-fed. (She 'has no money for rent and food, and none of the children is old enough to J earn the living. J Handicapped ' by the loss of one J arm, & husband is unable to obtain work. ' There is a wife and four chll Idren, and little on which to subsist. These are but a few in the long f list that must spend a joyless Christ I mas. A comparatively few of the dollars that will be spent In excesses and extravagances by those who live in comfort, idleness and luxury, 5 would rescue many & poor devil from J the piueh of want and the panjs of hunger." To many of thi weak and ppent, the least of : the offerings In 'the homes of prosperity would be like unbelIevablo fortune. I Christmas would be happier In every palacV' and mansion If from cach of such hpmes help and succor had been sent down to the needy and afflicted. The child of wealth would f be gladdened on Christmas Day if as sured that the children of poverty !were beyond want for Just the day of peace on earth, good will to men. The fathers and mothers of. luxury could look with gladdened feeling on It he joyous faces of their own house hold if blessed with' a'consclousness that they had thrown a life line to r h'oorjy clad and under fed littlo ones on the lower levels; In what better way" can the fortunate In life pre rara themselves for a real Christmas than by sharing what can be easily tinared.wlth the unfortunates? , GARDEN CITIES ' I TWENTY years ago thirty-six per cent of our" people lived in cities, ten jcars ago forty per . cent by the 1810 census the proportion of city dwellers was forty fci.T per cent, and the tide Is still ris ing.. - One factor in this process has been , and -is' that Industrial life is cen tered in the cities, and the workers, millions in nomber, must live within jfound of the factory whistles The most effective remedy Is the moving of the existing factory or the stablishment of tbe new factory in place where land Is .valued by the ':fccre, not by the iuare foot, where .there ts room to breathe, where the ' ir is fresh, and where the workmen ;ran , own his rbome and grow his cabbages on his own garden plot. I The first of the garden cities of .England rose under those conditions. ... !ln 1898 .Lever Brothers, soap manu ... nlacturers. of Liverpool, bought-eir-. ;eral hundred acres of land, miles 'away from the great city. There jthey built new factories, and there .set aside the site for the village, now Igrown into a town of 3000 people, 'and appropriatey named Port Sun .light. ; .That .example hag been the first of jmany, both in England and in Amer Ica.. Therein is seen the linking of ; ; city and country, but the enterprises and Jabor of the city are the keynote ,bf success for that type of garden '.tlty. r- Another, type is that of Letch - worth. Ihs earden cltv . is m a m . . miles from London. There the oro- (JectorB bought 3500 acres and had it Jscentlfically laid out for garden ity '.purpose. The speculative clement. ;waa excluded, and the dividends of ;th rity corporation Jlmiic4 to nvejHer trip1 to Tacomla for coal before pvr rent. They planned for & factoryl smion, lor trie man biiBinoss dls It rift, and for a largo res-'dential dis trict, -readily accessible to ra'lvoad connections. ,Wido streets were, laid out frora the business center to the ing regulations prevented the crowd -ins of structures, and encroachment on the streets. Ample ground was i iovliiod for each rsldor.ce, and tha uriut land wa Iwiwd for email fanning and market gardening.". The corporation 'built' working awn's houses by wholesale. ' Those were sold .for long term " j:nymo:.taRa liw as B a month would enable a work ing man in time to own. his home.,: : la eight years there has grown np a town of six thousand people. Their pride Is the townt"theIr ambition to show the most-- beautiful and pro ductive; gardens. The corporation controlled water, gau and electricity, but have turned over a.l such municl pat enterprises t the town without profit. Industrie have been start ed and prosper, but there aro no gt gantlc factories. There are now, in England, be tween thirty and forty of these gar den townsi; And the creation of them has but begun, In America, Long Island City Is the pioneer; with every lndicat'on of success, A WESTERN MAN w ItilOUT nupportlng any can didate ' for the position, the Denver Chamber of V Com merce is leading a' movement to have every commercial body west of the Mississippi urge President elect Wilson to appoint a western man as secretary of the Interior. , It is a sane enterprise. It Is sane from the viewpoint of the country's welfare and for the new t.dmlnistra tion's welfare. , The public lands are in the west The unmined minerals are In the west The nnnsed water powers are In the west .The great t'mber areas are In the west. The sites for recla mation projects are In the west. Alaska 1b In the west. The In dians are In the west All the great er problems with which the Interior department Is concerned pertain to the West " .- The geography of the problem is not a sectional matter, but a nation wide matter. There Is now oppor tunity for a secretary of the Interior to be an empire builder. ' The man who knows the west can, In that po sition, enormously further the open ing of natural resources that the great crowded population of the east needs. The secretary of the Interior, whose life; has; been in the atmos phere and amid the great prairies and forests and rivers of the we:t, and who loves the region because he knows it, is equipped so far as ex perience is concerned for a great ser vice to the whole country. The Denver movement la full of; merit It pursued to its ultimate, it is almost certain to appeal to tbe splendid Intelligence of the presi dent-elect. BEDEVILED JUSTICE A RULING by Judge Wolverton in a white slave case In the federal court reflects old fash ioned horse sense. After a pretended marriage in Chi cago, the slaver brought a woman to tbe Pacific coast.- He spent the J 900 that was her patrimony, ? and then forced her Into the scarlet life. In time, be cast her off. after taking her Jewels' and everything of value that he could lay hands on. The federal authorities found her in a wretched plight, got lnto-com- munlcation with her relatives, and finally brought her destroyer vto trial. The first thing that happened when the case carrie to a hearing was the presentation in court of a wedding certificate, showing that the slaver and the woman had been married In Clackamas county.. Oregon, Decem ber 7, r few days before. It was one of the tricks of the de fense. The wedding was brought about by efforts in behalf of the ac cused to kill tbe woman's testimony through the provision that a wife's testimony is not competent in a case against her husband. But, notwithstanding the mar riage, Judge Wolverton admitted tbe woman's testimony, and the slaver was convicted, it was a case of more justice and less technical law, It was refusal by Judge Wolverton to recog nize a notorious swindle in the be lated marriage, by which justice was to be cheated. Gradually but surely, there Is progress in sweeping away the cob webs and musty precedents with which the administration of justice is bedeviled. i i A PORTLAND HANDICAP T HIS Week, a steamer, outward bound from Portland harhor, was compelled to go to Tacoma to coal, on her way to tha orient. The reason was that she wanted 800 tons, and was unable to get it in Portland. Furthermore, for. the kind of coal she wanted, she was asked $5.50 per ton for (oal obtain able on Puget Sound fo.' $4, and even at that price she could get but 300 tons. A significant feature of the J episode Is that the freight on coal ! between Portland and Puget Sound ' la only $1.10. Why tbe extra charge I of 40 cents per ton on coal for a ' steamer seeking to clear from this i - The steamer was the no. 2 Unkal Maru: under charter to the China Iir.port & Export. Lumber company,. She cleared with a full cargo, com- nriging 2.543.824 feet of lumber. sotting out on the journey across the Pacific was a heavy loss of time, a source of considerable expense, and is" a serious handicap to Portland shipping. At the John Bvrrett banquet last to the coal situation aslt adversely affects commerce; and said that, with a proper coal supply at proper prices. he could eend flour by steamer to Boston,-. and otherwise ; jreatly ox teaa the commerce of the port. The experience of tbe Unkal Mara per- foctly illustrates the Importance of the fact then and at Other times an hounced by'Mr. Wllcox -S- It is a problem Portland must work out, (The Port Commiaslpa has been authorized by vote of the elec torate to provide coal for the use of steamers visiting the port. The body will doubtless be as expeditious and effective as possible in meeting the situation." ' ' ; , - -But .there .ta a broader responsi bility respecting the coal situation. Portland should extend her sources of supply, A Portland owned ateara er line, regularly operated ? to f the Orient would find return cargo Jn Japanese coal. As soon as Alaska coal is opened, a Portland-Owned steamer line to the north would have return cargo in Alaska coal. It would , take northward ., Oregon produced supplies for the Alaskans and bring back foir dollar Coal for J 4, and save Portland shipping from going to Puget Sound to coaL ; , In what way can Portland do more to help hefelf, her commerce, and her people? v-'v'X IN THE DAY'S NEWS r N PHILADELPHIA Andrew Ver- donic, a day laborer, earning $5 a week when tie is able to get work, and his wife,' who goes out scrub bing for a living, did not have enough money to bury their dead child, aged three, and the deputy coroner sent the emaciated little body to the potters' field. , It . was found that the child had been with out medical attention for ten days, and that the family was without food, fuel or money ?to; purchase v these necessities. Only a week ago, the Verdonics' youngest child died. The mother does not even know where it is buried. The father came from an operation in a hospital ten daya ago. The body of tbe youngesfe child was taken to the cemetery on the street cars Jn the arms of neighbors, be cause they didn't have money enough to hire a wagon. : i . ,.; In Washington, J( P. Morgan tes tified before the "Money Trust com mittee" that his banking firm organ ized tbe billion dollar steel trust, that he fixed the prices at which the competing concerns were taken Into the corporationand that every di rector of the corporation In order to hold his 6eat, has to be personally satisfactory to Mr, Morgan. As fees for organising the steel trust, Mr. Morgan's firm received S7J.000.000, a sum equal to the value of all the wheat, all the hay. all the oats, all the harley. all the corn, all the rye, all the poultry, all tbe eggs, all the butter, all the cheese, all the milk, all the hops, all the salmon, all the mohair, all the wool and all the fruit produced in Oregon in 1911. It Is a sum greater than the whole of the bank deposits of Portland In 1911, and ten times as great aa the entire banking capital of Portland in 1911. The profits of the -Steel Trust were $1,109,148,093 in only nine years. AN DrPOSSIBLE, CXADI T HtJ protest against free tolls for American coastwise 6hips at Panama is a claim that the United States has not the right to regulate its own business through Its own canal in its own territory. We pay for the canal, we guarantee the neutrality of the canal, we main tain the canal, we defend the canal, we bought the territory through which to build the canal, and we own the canal, but opponents of free tolls insist that Great Britain, and not the United States, has the right to fix the terms on which we shall pass our own commerce from one to another. of our own ports through our own canal. As shown by Lewis Nixon on this page, the canal treaty with Great Britain Is an exact duplicate as to terms with the convention of Con stantlnople respecting use Of the Suez canal. Under the . Constantinople treaty, Great Britain grants cubal dies to her ships through Sues which is only another expression of free tolls for British ships through the British-owned Suez canal. So does Russia which actually specifies that the subsidy is to be equal in amount to the tolls paid through the canal, So do other of the signatory powers to the convention of Constantinople. Yet. here is Grea,t Britain claim ing that the United States has no right to do with her ships In her own commerce through her own canal ex actly the thing that Great Britain is doing under an exactly identical treaty with British ships through a British canal, It Is the monstrous claim that we cannot da with our eanal what Great Britain is doing with' her canal, and that Great Britain must decide fo: us what we can do with our own ships in our own business through our own canal. A STRANGE ARCHITECTURE ITH hiB vital organs ai: transposed, Michael Manning of New York, lived 32 years, His heart was on the right Instead of on the left side. Ordl namy, tne ; mer is in tne upper right and middle region of tbe ab domen, but Manning's was on the left' sldo. If doctors had ever 'attempted an appendicitis operation on Manning, they would have made a wrong in clslon. They would have cut for his appendix on the iright side; it was on tbe left. His spleen should have beea-ln the u ppeMof t regkm-f -the abdominal cavity, but his was on the right , - . ' ,;...,'.,, Instead of two lobes each, one of Manning's Jungs had two and tbe other three Thd'Oosophagu's ln'av erag mortals conveys food into the stomach on the left aide, but Man ning's' was on the right. , ' The queer architecture of his body was not' known to Manning,1 for it waa not until an autopsy after his death that the secret was discovered. Sixtjr doctors and professors from hospitals and otherwhere, crowded around the body as one after another of-its anatomical freaks were - dla ClOSed. , (,;;w; ryt !v" ' i-ij- ' '' ':.',. ": ' ' Perhaps the case explains why, In the place we sometimes look for brains, bono Is there. Letters From tbtf Pefple , tOoamnntmttona aant to Tbe Jwnul for Ucatloa a this dapartmaat aboqid be writ tea on only im aide of Ike paper, ahquld not xceed SOO trerdt leajlb aud meat be -conpeeted b . taa nana aad addivat el the en dot. If toe wrltar doaa not dealra to ken U oe pubilabed, be akoald ee ett.) ., . V :v-h Prevention of Crime. Bstacada. Or.; Dec. H.-To the Editor of The Journal Most of the stuff writ ten about capital punishment is irrele vant. The capitalist system is the proximate causa of nearly all Crime. Back of thla there la a deeper, an ulti mate, cauee that I will not discuss here. Rent is robbery. Interest is theft, Profit , is additional graft over and above rent and Interest Then taxes are levied to support a , machinery of law to hold the people down under these bondages. :'?",: '.''.' This 1 what causes the itnifgle for existence, the high cost of living, the battle for bread. Thla poverty ia what drives people to crime. I wondgr there is not more ef it. I wonder they don't all go mad. Tobacco, I suppose, is one of the things that help to make them resigned to their tnlaerr Bome take to whiskey. Others find consolation In- religion, i .j:;,.--'-..-....,- Tbr vsry existence of a' capitalist class, living off rent, interest and prof it is a constant violation of the com mandment, , "Thou shalt not", steal," Three-fourths of the wealth created by farmers and other working people is absorbed by non-producerev - , , I am not advocating anything more unlawful- than the observance of the commandment. "Thou ahalt not steal," when I say that rent, interest and prof It must b abolished. ' Capitalist law permits wholesale rob bery by the rich. Vast sums are stolen and wasted tn vicious indulgence. But this law punishes with cruelty tbe stealing of small sums by the poor who are driven to the extreme' of want. Many people who are not really crim inals at heart, but victims of the op pression of capitalist law, are for petty and unimportant offences, confined io prisonswhere the keeper are likely to be much worse criminals than the cap tives. ' . ' '; 'i, , The life of millions of people outside of the prisons is very laborious and base and slavish. They ara very little better off than the convicts in the pen. They have a little better wages and a little more liberty. The dignity of the working man on the job outside is not worth boasting ' about, ' To be com pelled to bunt for a job, to seek a master, to solicit employment, is to be forced into a state of misfortune and disgrace very little different from that of the convict and the criminal. And a man hunting for a job is at any time liable to be arrested as a vagrant. If capitalist law was abolished, there would be no need for prisons and there would be no eme to punish. The hang men might go to training hops and the jailers to raising hogs. The newspapers could find other means of entertaining their waders than by recitals of crime. Th lawyers might put in their time more profitably studying the laws of nature, than in trying to set them aside py stupid, man-made obstructions. Original sin is the ultimata cause of human misery, but the immediate causes that drive people to desperation are the burdens of rent Interest, profit and taxes. For many years I have been trying to prod up some ef the "au. thorlUes" In church or state to dis cuss the morality or nnmorallty ef these robberies. To call public atten tion to thorn would be to stop them; nence it is the policy of the defenders and beneficiaries of crime to prevent exposure of its real cause. J. U JONES. Water Power for th People. , The Dalles. OrDec. II. To the Edi tor of The Journal Electricity has be come almost household necessity, and your editorial a few -days' ago1 was to the point. For the possibilities of this wonderful force are only beginning, and we should guard well our water power. What a Bpiendid thing if our stats and national governments would de velop these water power sites and fur nish electricity at a small profit per K. W. It would help more of the peo ple than loaning money to the Wall street gamblers, as they have done in the past It could be made a, splendid investment for tbe state and great saving to the people. It would help our industries. It could be a means Of reducing our state and municipal taxes. Then electricity would be within the reach of all for light best and power. Why should our government let these splendid resources go Into $he hands pf soulless corporations, who tn turn ex ploit the people to the very limit? This is a thing that should be kept before the people until the government is compelled to act. The people pay ail the expense of government and it is time the government did something for tne people besides . rop ; them while serving a pack of useless corporations. WILLIAM H. TAYLOR. Bills of Credit. . Portland, Or.. Deo, II. To the Editor of The Journal As defined by Chief Justice Marshall, bills of credit re paper issued oy me sovereign authority and Intended to circulate as money." The eany settlers in colonial times, isnor. ing tbe eounsel of England.' issued them. Under the Articles of Confederation, the continental congress had the right to "emit bills of credit." The bills, always irredeemable, invariably depreciated, In the first draft of the constitution con gress was empowered to emit bills of credit, and with the consent of eongress the states . Individually might emit them; but,' as finally adopted, the power was aeniea to tne united mates by a refusal to delegata It and to the indl. vldual states by positive prohibition. Several times afterward, and before the Civil war, Interest bearing notes were made receivable for public dues, but the first circulating notes were authorised by tbe act of July 17, 11. They were made payable to bearer on demand at the eubtreasurles.ln Philadelphia, New York and Boston. Government officials regarded and treated these notes as founded on specie and. although no sne cisl reserve wis provided for their re demption even when specie payments were auspenaeo tne aemana notes were always redeemed. The . legal tender notes emitted in 18(2 and lies, after juiy l, wnen no longer convertible ttj4ataieet bearing bonds, Jerrys bills of credit. v : k Vedcamable bill "of credit secured by an adequate reserve, will conform to value to the medium of its redemption and constitutes the most efficient cur- rency conceivable; but an irredeemable bill of credit , is ' an evidence of bad faith- and from every viewpoint, au COMMENT AND . ' SMALL CIIANQK The butter trust needs a milking. , e e i..' - Greece, being very little, naturally feels very big, , , " . Middle-aged Jovers are about aa fool ish as younger ones. : , , . ; ..:.,', --.. , . e e .3'--. ;:y That's m good Job the police have been given hunting for cases of peopla in need. .. ; v, .... '..:." A".'1;'.;:',.., ''I, e ""I'll ' ?.--y-..-? Greet is a congressional Investigating committee, even J. V Morgan comes at Its call, -ii ', 4 'wi '': h '!i iv'e .v ;V:'''. t. ui:l',vi,;f 'P,'r sp All the nations are In favor of arbl tratlng matters that they cars nothing or little, about ; , -,'"': ,, ' .'.'J . '( '"".e i "!' Vk.W''i,''? 7 ;iii!; ' Is Portland to get a Christmas pres. ent of the assurance of i an oriental steamship linet - . . , : e -v.-;, ;.v . 1 prestdent-elect Wilson says he ' ft afraid of nothing. , That is the way for a person to feel, ; Now won't Santa Claus feel remorse ful; he won't find President Taft , at home, or in the country. 1 v. . ",v;,i?f .V;.- - : :t;-.yp .t Just as an Did maid knows all about bringing up . children, so does an ohl bachelor know all about .women, Or, Wilson has discovered that peo ple and things, ; after,, being & made straight, must be kept straight E ,-','.. ,;" ... ""' '.;,. e'j-r... jfc: V';t The trial Judge says ' tnere haa been a vast amount of palpable perjury in the dynamite conspiracy trial and prob ably he knows.-,.- ;, Flnley J. Shepard ! says that ' Miss Helen Gould, to whom he Is engaged, Is th most lovable woman any one ever met - So is every girl or woman or should be to the man to whom she is engaged, ; '.vv7l, V-- ''.' v-"v''- Thousands ' of good and influential people who will coma to attend the Christian CI ttsenship conference next summer will , look around and ask: "Whereas that great fine auditorium we beard abputH . , vl PIRACY IN CHINESE PORTS Conditions in the vicinity of Canton and Hongkong border . close u.pon an archy. Ths river connecting the. two cities is infested by. hordes cf river thieves. Their movements are 'directed by five piratical chieftains . who, , by keeping together, have so far defied the authorities. The daring of the men Is shown to the fact that they continue their depredations under the very guns of the warships of foreign powers, and recently have become so bold as actually to fire on a British gunboat In Canton harbor. In spite of the repeated at tempts to run them out the pirates re main as a continual menace to the peace Of mind of the officers navigating thes waters. , "I well recollect the shock of the first time I left Hongkong to go up to Can ton," says an eastern correspondent of the Brooklyn Eagle. "The passage was to be mad In an English steamer and, after stopping at a thoroughly modern hotel in the former town I went about everywhere) as freely as If I were at home, with no thought of danger. Imagine my feelings then, when, upon going aboard and glancing into the cap tain's cabin, I saw the walla fairly jmed with rifles and revolvers of the very latest patterns, aVi of which, I waa as sured, were loaded. Every Chinese that was going with us, too. was hustled be tween decks behind a door made of heavy steel bars. To my inquiry as to the cause of all this there was only one word needed to make my backbone feel as if a pleoe Of lee had been laid upon it 'pirates.' J could hardly believe it and yet there was danger every min ute, even though in the greet harbor there were a dozen dreadnaughts of Eng land, Germany and other European na tions, and It waa but nine or ten hours' sail to Canton up a broad river with more men ef war there, too, and be tween tho two many other vessels be longing t the Occident- Why, yo would no more think of pirates in such circumstances than your would if you were on the ferry going across from Mew York to Jersey City. "But their junks, crammed to the gunwales with brigands, come into view the moment there Is a mishap. Let a fnrelan shlo co ashore and ahe Is quick ly pounced upon her passengers looted of every valuable, her cargo despoiled. Always in Good Humor DIDN'T LIKT5 HIM. From Tit-Bits. 'Pa. why do you always insist on me singing when .Mr. epposleton comes bwer . ' ., . "well, I don't una mat xeuow, ana yet I bate to come right out and tell him te go." v WHY SHE LEFT. ' From Judge. Rammv T thourht that Mrs. Mannish was such an ardent suffragette. Why did-she leave the meeting tne ovier night when she was billed to make a speech f .V..' ; Fannr Some one sent word that her poodle was sick. L ' FIRST IN LINE. From the Chicago Post A hiiArilnir Hrma rmrfnrmer named Zeno was denied his salary envelope at the red wagon because "way were pay ing off alphabetically." Wherefore, when he started out n his second sea son he changed his name to AJax. unmltlrated ? evlL No emergency can Justify It no constitution can validate il The fundamental laws or. man. to ds valid, must conform to the principles of Justice. Man - has no right to oo wrong. The promise or tne aeotor in . a bill of credit is the debtors contract Obligation and a failure to perform it is repudiation. Learned ana patriotic men have not always been able to recognize and comprehend the palpable difference between redeemable and Irredeemable paper Issues, ; The legal, tender laws.of the sixties and the legal tender cases tnwhleh theseTawswereconstrued yerify the truth of this declaration. The defects of our banking and coin age laws contributed to tbe panto of HOT, but there were other potent fac tors. In anticipation of unreasonable profits men took unreasonable risks. In greedy competition reserves' wefy re deposited and credit was exhausted, Realising that their lawful credit was shausted bankers conspired to take an unlawful credit They soberly plighted faith In tbe undertaking and I hey kept faith, The use of the -counterfeit, for the nonce, having Served their purpose, seems alec- to have vitalised m desire to utilize1 the same expedient in future emergencies." 'Paper emissions under reneral authority are of a na lure saaiablslo abueejmd mo sxUia.xt being abused, that tne wisdom of the government : win be shown in never trusting Itself with the use f so se- ducting and. dangerous an expedient." (Hamilton.) , v" J AMISS a. CAUR. t. mmmF-mmmtum if its'ejWaaataaws 4 ... . o Some men begm' to economize after marriage by growing -whisker,.'' NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDELIGHTS Bandon Recorder Peace on earth and good will to men goes fairly well with a piece of earth and good roaas zor men. a . i. , Arrangements are being made to ded icate the new Methodist church at Eu gene, on Sunday, March 23, 1913, which will be Eaeter Sunday. . , v .:. . . . ' ...-, e .e ,', t' v.. ., Ontario Democrat: The school census of Ontario just completed shows the school population Is 721. The census gives Vale the second largest school population In the county, at 3j5. ,:''V-u'V''e,!'e;i ; ' ' Lebanon Tribunes The Xadlos Civic club recently ; made payment on the Lebanon park property, situated just across the river. There remains now but $400 to pay, when a clear title to the property will exist. Burns1 Times Herald:" The ; general trend of business activities at the county seat is en the increase. Many strang ers, landseekers and men of means, are dully coming and going, being attracted here by the many possibilities of the great Harney - country, and wha shouldn't theyT 1 ' 'Mlss Helen Melbeln has resigned as teacher of history and mathematios In the Cottage Grove high school, "She will be succeeded by Professor . Leon Ray, of Junction City, who waa once a renowned debater for the University of Oregon and is a graduate of .that insti tution. , . , j , "v e e -1 Corvallla Gatette Times: A well de fined movement is stirring towards the establishment of a municipal light and power plant for Corvallla, The consen sus of opinion seems to favor steam power, although) there are advocates for a water power to be derived from the waste water power of the Willamette, .-.a.. ;- c '..'-v.:., ',. ..:;.;.;.. V Ashland Becord: The Ashland national forest service crew that has been em ployed for two months building a wagon road from Long's Cabin toward Mount Ashland abandoned the Job Saturday for the winter, the weather In that altitude being too inclement." The present ap proprlatlon of IU0Q0 has not yet been expended, , Every Utte while there are published accounts of such outrages, while the smaller depredations go unnoticed, al though they occur almost dally at some point or another. The favorite scheme of these fellows is to sail to a remote place on the river, make a landing at night and descend upon some unsuspect. ing wealthy man. take possession ef his house, drag him from his bed and toast his feet until he gives tbe marauders the sum they demand. Before tbe dawn comes they have ;- decamped In their swift little junks, only, to repeat the operation 20 miles up stream the follow, ing night. 'Outlawed by every, flag, operating sometimes in tne very harbor of Hongkong Itself. Jong the first port of the world, in which it is common tt, see 50 ocean steamers at a time, it seems remarkable that these men of the black flag could survive ths bunt for them that goes on continually, A recent ac count tells of a British coasting vessel that had grounded in the North River in trying to escape from two junks. The pirates raked her with rifle balls, killing tbe English captain, . wounding many others, and then boarded, robbed all the passengers, transferred to their own craft all the cargo they could stag ger under and disappeared and this occurred within to miles of Canton, with its 2,000,000 people, its large garrison and a baroor filled with shipptng;and nobody went after them, v - k "Another favorite method of' proce dure adopted by fhese gentry ia to come aboard a passenger ship as ordinary voyagers, and then at a preconcerted signal spring on officers and crew. This is why every ' Anglo-Baxnn officer in sists that as fast as the Chinese come on his ship they shall go below and what ia more, they are only taken aboard one by one, and that only after a chief officer of the boat has carefully inspected thera before they can set foot on his decks, . ; ' ' '' 4 , Tho piratea have been hunted like wild beasts for a century, yet their vo cation is apparently as lucrative as ever. Their homes are in their ships, and with thousands of followers and shallow water to protect them.' no craft of sufficient dimensions to csrry the necessary force to subdus them can get near enough, and the British, who have been the chief sufferers, have given up , the cruaade." w- ..... .... ., . - Pointed ParagrapLi Hard luck never gets off the trail of a piocxneaa. e e ' ..; -It may be a case of double dealing when a couple decide to marry. i ' " ' V-7-'. :" We feel sorry for the -woman who is afraid to laugh for fear she may frac ture her complexion. ' a a .. About the only time a Woman has nothing to say js when she has a chance to praise one of her rivals. '!' The average small boy has a much greater dread of the scrubbing brush than he has of his mother's slipper. By the way, did you ever hear a man admit that his life would have been ruined if his wife had refused to marry him? "- ' ' ;v ; . ;. . .' ' " ".:. . '. '. .' 1 , " When a man gets Into trouble mot Of his acquaintances express their sympathy, but inwardly they say it served him right. ; " ; . ' ' V . i When a woman gets to thinking how unhappy her husband would be had he married some other woman, she always eeis nwo or less sorry for him. " A Wise Man's Advice . To Hoi iJay 7 Shoppers T , "When thou makest. presents, let them be pf such tilings as will last long; to the end they may be in some sort immortal and may. frequently refresh the memory of.. the receiver," said Thomas Fuller. 1 ' 'V1:'' -.'.' ',f-' ';.'' ' V 'S'' ? 'A'4'.' . r'i;.' '.'i '"'' r'v ' V '!.'''- '' VV' ."'',-'' "Myriads 'of worth while, ''last long" gifts are bcinj? adver- ,' ' lined m"THE JOURNAL every day. These advertisement of ' PORTLAND'S most reliable torcs radiate Christmas helpful ness and suggestion. ' They feature beautiful, practical, and "long to be remembered" gifts for every one in every walk of life, at . prices which come within the range of every ptirgCi'-' Read THE JOURNAL'S Christmas advertisements tonight and every night, You will then know what to give and where to buy gifts that will refresh the memory of the receiver. ' (Copyright, 1912, by JT.'.Pj Fallon.) America's Own Business : v:?V'VwLwi Nixon.1'3-' ;h: ;-!? The Tory contention of the Hay- Pauncefote treaty rests on Section 1 or Article III, taken alone and unqualified by the other section of the other ar ticles. They say that the rules apply to all yasels of 'commerce and war of an nations; that of the United States, wnicn makes and enforces the rules, is a ha tlon, henco the rules apply to the United States vessels of war and cemmerce. There were two Hay-Pauucefote treat- les negotiated in JUQO and- transmitted to the senate for approval In February Of 'that ynrjy-!AMi-m . . .. i , IL.1 mnammm .1,1, ' ' senator tooi wno .waes.tne presented a document to tne senate oh January 18, 1891, giving a tilstory of their amendments, made to the conventlonarr. . i 1900 to make it acceptable to the senate,, Let us Scan this document, vised by Mr, Hay, and submitted by Senator Root. It will, be noted that In Article. Ill of the Hay-Pauncef ate ; treaty. Instead of the - United States and Great Britain jointly adopting as the basis of the neu tralization of the canal, the rules of neu trality prescribed for Its use as was pro vided in the first ' treaty; the United Bute now alone adopts tAem. . Let uasquote f rom Mr&ilay a memor andum upon this change: , - "This change relieves Great writain or all responsibility and obligation to en force the neutrality of the canal, which by the former treaty had been Imposed unon or assumed by her jointly, with the United States. v; :.;,: "The United States alone, as the sola owner of the canal, as a purely American enterprise, adopts and prescribes tne rules by which the use of the canal shall be regulated, and assumes the' entire re sponsibility and burden of enforcing, without the assistance of Great Britain, or of any other nation, its absolute neu trality" v v; :;v'vvvw' v.. The whole idea of contract right in the canal on the part of any of the powers was entirely eliminated, and the vessels of any nation which shall refuse to ob serve the rules adopted and prescribed may be deprived of tbe use of tbe canal. And please note that the rules are to be ppserveu -noi one ruie. , 4. 1 Lord Lansdowne,' under date of Aaw mo, 1 101 waj. .- ... "It would appear to follow tnat the whole responsibility for upholding these rules, and thereby maintaining the neu trality of the canal, would henceforth be assumed by the government of the United States. Ths change of form is an important one. but in view of the fact that the whole cost of construction of the canal is to be borne by that govern- . ment, which Is also to be charged with such measures as may be necessary to protect It against lawlessness and dis order, his majesty's government is not likely to object to it." V , These negotiations clearly snow the recognition by Great Britain of the Unit ed States as the sovereign power and sole protector of the canal and the full concession of our right to provide for ita regulation and management and that Great Britain was making sure that she would obtain equal treatment with other powers observing the rules adopted by the United States as the basts for the neutralization of the canal. This is the. meaning of tbe "general principle" of neutralization established, by Article 111 of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty. The basis of neutralization adopted by the United States rents on the modified rules of the convention of Constantino, pie fo, the navigation of the Sues canal. We know that a number of the signa tory powers directly rebate tolls collect ed for the passage of their vessels, and most of them to so Indirectly. , To quote ths president of the United States upon this question: -,,) "If it is correct to auume that there Is nothing In the Hay-Pauneefote treaty preventing Great Britain and the other, nations from extending such favors as they may see fit to their shipping using the canal, and doing it in the way they see fit. and If it ia also right to sssume that there Is nothing in the treaty that gives the United States any supervision ever, or the right to complain of, such action, then the British protest leads to the absurd conclusion that this govern ment, In constructing the canal, main taining the canal and defending the canal, finds Itself shorn of the right to deal with its own commerce in its own way, while all other nations using the canal in competition with American com merce enjoy that right and power unim paired." " . Nowr- to show the Inconsistency of those who argue" gainst the rights of their own country, we find them basing all their arguments on Section 1, of Ar ticle HI, one only of the rules adopted. This rule says that the canal shall be fre and open to the vessels of commerce and of war of all nations observing these rules, upon terms of entire equality. They construe this to mean that we are prevented from preferring our own ves sels of commerce. But if it applies to vessels of com merce, it must apply to vessels of war. In ether words, under any unqulbbled construction of this section we cannot exclude vessels of war and include ves sels of commerce under our flag, unless We are in a class apart as, of course, we are. Yet , It is claimed that we are forbid den to discriminate in favor of our own vessels of commerce, end as vessels of war and commerce are linked together, to be consistent, they must argue that we cannot discriminate In favor of our own vessel of war. An entire misconception of the char acter of this treaty has grown up In the publlo mind through constant misrepre sentation. Thin is not a treaty of com merce and navigation for the purpose of securing reciprocal liberty of commerce. It Is a treaty designed in exact words "to facilitate 'the construction of a canal to connect the Atlantic and Paclflo oceans." A woman always seems to think a man can make over his silk hat as easily as she can make a now bonnet out of the one she wore last year.