, THE OKEUON DAILY; JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 21, 1312.
a
i
THE JOURNAL
) ATt 'INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER -
, iHhUHfer
'jr Mutual nun-ulna-
DornliiT t The Journal Pu
and Yamhill
Portland,
I...i.M-t at tba poalufflce t P!1""
' t r ttuiinjilaJua tUrwdb ib sUe eooa
la umtlwr.
il I Kl UtlNM Main TUSt
111 the oearator what dcinrtnt yon
" KXttia.N ADVERTISING MKPKKMltNTATI V fc
SS5 Hfth ateum". New k W ."
f bi Building. Chicago.
i bJ.riptiod Tnni br ln 1(,WM
t la tli LnU4 sHetes ,,' unKn-iftK r,
n 1 ft V :ir-: I) vi.'..A . ''..
J Out yew..: 15 on r Ona'sxwta
f SUNDAY.
Ona rur...:....l2.G0 t On moat,....... "
? . DAILY ASP SUNDAY
One ear........T.Sa 1 On mcnta.
if
Small habits well pursued! be-
' : times i - '
Msy reach the 4lgnlty of crimes.,
-- Hannah More.
rOVERTY'S. CHRISTMAS
H
OW fares it with Portland pov
erty on the) eve ot.Caristmas
week?
' A woman with five children
has been living in a tent.
The hus-
band Is dead. It, ir not a Question
!of Christmas functions, but one of
lood and clothing for the children.
J Another place Is a shack. It tas
I no windows for light,;, It has no
Heds for a mother and her children.
-The mother is feeble, and a boy of
nine was slowly bleeding , to death
when the family was discovered by
.tbe iSlks' committee, which is dis
tributing Christmas offerings.
These are but two cases out of
"eeores discovered by the Elks. . The
Associated Charities report others.
A father Is In jail. A mother and
''daughter are in a little room on
' which the rent is not raid. ' They
have no money to buy supplies... :';
A widowed v mother with; seven
yChildren has scanty resources and
'wlll spend , Christmas day In bed. She
ia over-worked and under-fed. (She
'has no money for rent and food, and
none of the children is old enough to
J earn the living.
J Handicapped ' by the loss of one
J arm, & husband is unable to obtain
work. ' There is a wife and four chll
Idren, and little on which to subsist.
These are but a few in the long
f list that must spend a joyless Christ
I mas. A comparatively few of the
dollars that will be spent In excesses
and extravagances by those who live
in comfort, idleness and luxury,
5 would rescue many & poor devil from
J the piueh of want and the panjs of
hunger." To many of thi weak and
ppent, the least of : the offerings In
'the homes of prosperity would be like
unbelIevablo fortune.
I Christmas would be happier In
every palacV' and mansion If from
cach of such hpmes help and succor
had been sent down to the needy and
afflicted. The child of wealth would
f be gladdened on Christmas Day if as
sured that the children of poverty
!were beyond want for Just the day of
peace on earth, good will to men.
The fathers and mothers of. luxury
could look with gladdened feeling on
It he joyous faces of their own house
hold if blessed with' a'consclousness
that they had thrown a life line to
r
h'oorjy clad and under fed littlo ones
on the lower levels; In what better
way" can the fortunate In life pre
rara themselves for a real Christmas
than by sharing what can be easily
tinared.wlth the unfortunates? ,
GARDEN CITIES ' I
TWENTY years ago thirty-six per
cent of our" people lived in
cities, ten jcars ago forty per
. cent by the 1810 census the
proportion of city dwellers was forty
fci.T per cent, and the tide Is still ris
ing.. - One factor in this process has been
, and -is' that Industrial life is cen
tered in the cities, and the workers,
millions in nomber, must live within
jfound of the factory whistles
The most effective remedy Is the
moving of the existing factory or the
stablishment of tbe new factory in
place where land Is .valued by the
':fccre, not by the iuare foot, where
.there ts room to breathe, where the
' ir is fresh, and where the workmen
;ran , own his rbome and grow his
cabbages on his own garden plot.
I The first of the garden cities of
.England rose under those conditions.
... !ln 1898 .Lever Brothers, soap manu
... nlacturers. of Liverpool, bought-eir-.
;eral hundred acres of land, miles
'away from the great city. There
jthey built new factories, and there
.set aside the site for the village, now
Igrown into a town of 3000 people,
'and appropriatey named Port Sun
.light. ; .That .example hag been the first of
jmany, both in England and in Amer
Ica.. Therein is seen the linking of
; ; city and country, but the enterprises
and Jabor of the city are the keynote
,bf success for that type of garden
'.tlty. r-
Another, type is that of Letch -
worth. Ihs earden cltv
. is m a m . .
miles from London. There the oro-
(JectorB bought 3500 acres and had it
Jscentlfically laid out for garden ity
'.purpose. The speculative clement.
;waa excluded, and the dividends of
;th rity corporation Jlmiic4 to nvejHer trip1 to Tacomla for coal before
pvr rent. They planned for & factoryl
smion, lor trie man biiBinoss dls
It rift, and for a largo res-'dential dis
trict, -readily accessible to ra'lvoad
connections. ,Wido streets were, laid
out frora the business center to the
ing regulations prevented the crowd
-ins of structures, and encroachment
on the streets. Ample ground was
i iovliiod for each rsldor.ce, and tha
uriut land wa Iwiwd for email
fanning and market gardening.". The
corporation 'built' working awn's
houses by wholesale. ' Those were
sold .for long term " j:nymo:.taRa liw
as B a month would enable a work
ing man in time to own. his home.,:
: la eight years there has grown np
a town of six thousand people. Their
pride Is the townt"theIr ambition to
show the most-- beautiful and pro
ductive; gardens. The corporation
controlled water, gau and electricity,
but have turned over a.l such municl
pat enterprises t the town without
profit. Industrie have been start
ed and prosper, but there aro no gt
gantlc factories.
There are now, in England, be
tween thirty and forty of these gar
den townsi; And the creation of them
has but begun,
In America, Long Island City Is
the pioneer; with every lndicat'on of
success,
A WESTERN MAN
w
ItilOUT nupportlng any can
didate ' for the position, the
Denver Chamber of V Com
merce is leading a' movement
to have every commercial body west
of the Mississippi urge President
elect Wilson to appoint a western
man as secretary of the Interior. ,
It is a sane enterprise. It Is sane
from the viewpoint of the country's
welfare and for the new t.dmlnistra
tion's welfare. ,
The public lands are in the west
The unmined minerals are In the
west The nnnsed water powers are
In the west .The great t'mber areas
are In the west. The sites for recla
mation projects are In the west.
Alaska 1b In the west. The In
dians are In the west All the great
er problems with which the Interior
department Is concerned pertain to
the West " .-
The geography of the problem is
not a sectional matter, but a nation
wide matter. There Is now oppor
tunity for a secretary of the Interior
to be an empire builder. ' The man
who knows the west can, In that po
sition, enormously further the open
ing of natural resources that the
great crowded population of the east
needs. The secretary of the Interior,
whose life; has; been in the atmos
phere and amid the great prairies
and forests and rivers of the we:t,
and who loves the region because he
knows it, is equipped so far as ex
perience is concerned for a great ser
vice to the whole country.
The Denver movement la full of;
merit It pursued to its ultimate, it
is almost certain to appeal to tbe
splendid Intelligence of the presi
dent-elect.
BEDEVILED JUSTICE
A
RULING by Judge Wolverton
in a white slave case In the
federal court reflects old fash
ioned horse sense.
After a pretended marriage in Chi
cago, the slaver brought a woman to
tbe Pacific coast.- He spent the J 900
that was her patrimony, ? and then
forced her Into the scarlet life. In
time, be cast her off. after taking her
Jewels' and everything of value that
he could lay hands on.
The federal authorities found her
in a wretched plight, got lnto-com-
munlcation with her relatives, and
finally brought her destroyer vto trial.
The first thing that happened when
the case carrie to a hearing was the
presentation in court of a wedding
certificate, showing that the slaver
and the woman had been married In
Clackamas county.. Oregon, Decem
ber 7, r few days before.
It was one of the tricks of the de
fense. The wedding was brought
about by efforts in behalf of the ac
cused to kill tbe woman's testimony
through the provision that a wife's
testimony is not competent in a case
against her husband.
But, notwithstanding the mar
riage, Judge Wolverton admitted tbe
woman's testimony, and the slaver
was convicted, it was a case of more
justice and less technical law, It was
refusal by Judge Wolverton to recog
nize a notorious swindle in the be
lated marriage, by which justice was
to be cheated.
Gradually but surely, there Is
progress in sweeping away the cob
webs and musty precedents with
which the administration of justice
is bedeviled. i i
A PORTLAND HANDICAP
T
HIS Week, a steamer, outward
bound from Portland harhor,
was compelled to go to Tacoma
to coal, on her way to tha
orient.
The reason was that she wanted
800 tons, and was unable to get it
in Portland. Furthermore, for. the
kind of coal she wanted, she was
asked $5.50 per ton for (oal obtain
able on Puget Sound fo.' $4, and even
at that price she could get but 300
tons. A significant feature of the
J episode Is that the freight on coal
! between Portland and Puget Sound
' la only $1.10. Why tbe extra charge
I of 40 cents per ton on coal for a
' steamer seeking to clear from this
i -
The steamer was the no. 2 Unkal
Maru: under charter to the China
Iir.port & Export. Lumber company,.
She cleared with a full cargo, com-
nriging 2.543.824 feet of lumber.
sotting out on the journey across the
Pacific was a heavy loss of time, a
source of considerable expense, and
is" a serious handicap to Portland
shipping.
At the John Bvrrett banquet last
to the coal situation aslt adversely
affects commerce; and said that, with
a proper coal supply at proper prices.
he could eend flour by steamer to
Boston,-. and otherwise ; jreatly ox
teaa the commerce of the port. The
experience of tbe Unkal Mara per-
foctly illustrates the Importance of
the fact then and at Other times an
hounced by'Mr. Wllcox -S-
It is a problem Portland must
work out, (The Port Commiaslpa has
been authorized by vote of the elec
torate to provide coal for the use of
steamers visiting the port. The
body will doubtless be as expeditious
and effective as possible in meeting
the situation." ' ' ; , -
-But .there .ta a broader responsi
bility respecting the coal situation.
Portland should extend her sources
of supply, A Portland owned ateara
er line, regularly operated ? to f the
Orient would find return cargo Jn
Japanese coal. As soon as Alaska
coal is opened, a Portland-Owned
steamer line to the north would have
return cargo in Alaska coal. It
would , take northward ., Oregon
produced supplies for the Alaskans
and bring back foir dollar Coal for
J 4, and save Portland shipping from
going to Puget Sound to coaL ; ,
In what way can Portland do more
to help hefelf, her commerce, and
her people? v-'v'X
IN THE DAY'S NEWS
r
N PHILADELPHIA Andrew Ver-
donic, a day laborer, earning $5 a
week when tie is able to get work,
and his wife,' who goes out scrub
bing for a living, did not have
enough money to bury their dead
child, aged three, and the deputy
coroner sent the emaciated little
body to the potters' field. , It . was
found that the child had been with
out medical attention for ten days,
and that the family was without food,
fuel or money ?to; purchase v these
necessities. Only a week ago, the
Verdonics' youngest child died. The
mother does not even know where it
is buried. The father came from an
operation in a hospital ten daya ago.
The body of tbe youngesfe child was
taken to the cemetery on the street
cars Jn the arms of neighbors, be
cause they didn't have money enough
to hire a wagon. : i . ,.;
In Washington, J( P. Morgan tes
tified before the "Money Trust com
mittee" that his banking firm organ
ized tbe billion dollar steel trust,
that he fixed the prices at which the
competing concerns were taken Into
the corporationand that every di
rector of the corporation In order to
hold his 6eat, has to be personally
satisfactory to Mr, Morgan. As fees
for organising the steel trust, Mr.
Morgan's firm received S7J.000.000,
a sum equal to the value of all the
wheat, all the hay. all the oats, all
the harley. all the corn, all the rye,
all the poultry, all tbe eggs, all the
butter, all the cheese, all the milk,
all the hops, all the salmon, all the
mohair, all the wool and all the fruit
produced in Oregon in 1911. It Is
a sum greater than the whole of the
bank deposits of Portland In 1911,
and ten times as great aa the entire
banking capital of Portland in 1911.
The profits of the -Steel Trust were
$1,109,148,093 in only nine years.
AN DrPOSSIBLE, CXADI
T
HtJ protest against free tolls for
American coastwise 6hips at
Panama is a claim that the
United States has not the right
to regulate its own business through
Its own canal in its own territory.
We pay for the canal, we guarantee
the neutrality of the canal, we main
tain the canal, we defend the canal,
we bought the territory through
which to build the canal, and we own
the canal, but opponents of free tolls
insist that Great Britain, and not the
United States, has the right to fix
the terms on which we shall pass our
own commerce from one to another.
of our own ports through our own
canal.
As shown by Lewis Nixon on this
page, the canal treaty with Great
Britain Is an exact duplicate as to
terms with the convention of Con
stantlnople respecting use Of the Suez
canal. Under the . Constantinople
treaty, Great Britain grants cubal
dies to her ships through Sues which
is only another expression of free
tolls for British ships through the
British-owned Suez canal. So does
Russia which actually specifies that
the subsidy is to be equal in amount
to the tolls paid through the canal,
So do other of the signatory powers
to the convention of Constantinople.
Yet. here is Grea,t Britain claim
ing that the United States has no
right to do with her ships In her own
commerce through her own canal ex
actly the thing that Great Britain
is doing under an exactly identical
treaty with British ships through a
British canal,
It Is the monstrous claim that we
cannot da with our eanal what Great
Britain is doing with' her canal, and
that Great Britain must decide fo:
us what we can do with our own
ships in our own business through
our own canal.
A STRANGE ARCHITECTURE
ITH hiB vital organs ai:
transposed, Michael Manning
of New York, lived 32 years,
His heart was on the right
Instead of on the left side. Ordl
namy, tne ; mer is in tne upper
right and middle region of tbe ab
domen, but Manning's was on the
left' sldo.
If doctors had ever 'attempted an
appendicitis operation on Manning,
they would have made a wrong in
clslon. They would have cut for his
appendix on the iright side; it was
on tbe left. His spleen should have
beea-ln the u ppeMof t regkm-f -the
abdominal cavity, but his was on the
right , - . ' ,;...,'.,,
Instead of two lobes each, one of
Manning's Jungs had two and tbe
other three Thd'Oosophagu's ln'av
erag mortals conveys food into the
stomach on the left aide, but Man
ning's' was on the right. , '
The queer architecture of his body
was not' known to Manning,1 for it
waa not until an autopsy after his
death that the secret was discovered.
Sixtjr doctors and professors from
hospitals and otherwhere, crowded
around the body as one after another
of-its anatomical freaks were - dla
ClOSed. , (,;;w; ryt !v" ' i-ij- ' '' ':.',. ":
' ' Perhaps the case explains why, In
the place we sometimes look for
brains, bono Is there.
Letters From tbtf Pefple ,
tOoamnntmttona aant to Tbe Jwnul for
Ucatloa a this dapartmaat aboqid be writ
tea on only im aide of Ike paper, ahquld not
xceed SOO trerdt leajlb aud meat be -conpeeted
b . taa nana aad addivat el the
en dot. If toe wrltar doaa not dealra to ken
U oe pubilabed, be akoald ee ett.) ., .
V :v-h Prevention of Crime.
Bstacada. Or.; Dec. H.-To the Editor
of The Journal Most of the stuff writ
ten about capital punishment is irrele
vant. The capitalist system is the
proximate causa of nearly all Crime.
Back of thla there la a deeper, an ulti
mate, cauee that I will not discuss here.
Rent is robbery. Interest is theft,
Profit , is additional graft over and
above rent and Interest Then taxes
are levied to support a , machinery of
law to hold the people down under these
bondages. :'?",: '.''.'
This 1 what causes the itnifgle for
existence, the high cost of living, the
battle for bread. Thla poverty ia what
drives people to crime. I wondgr there
is not more ef it. I wonder they don't
all go mad. Tobacco, I suppose, is one
of the things that help to make them
resigned to their tnlaerr Bome take
to whiskey. Others find consolation
In- religion, i .j:;,.--'-..-....,-
Tbr vsry existence of a' capitalist
class, living off rent, interest and prof
it is a constant violation of the com
mandment, , "Thou shalt not", steal,"
Three-fourths of the wealth created by
farmers and other working people is
absorbed by non-producerev - , ,
I am not advocating anything more
unlawful- than the observance of the
commandment. "Thou ahalt not steal,"
when I say that rent, interest and prof
It must b abolished. '
Capitalist law permits wholesale rob
bery by the rich. Vast sums are stolen
and wasted tn vicious indulgence. But
this law punishes with cruelty tbe
stealing of small sums by the poor who
are driven to the extreme' of want.
Many people who are not really crim
inals at heart, but victims of the op
pression of capitalist law, are for petty
and unimportant offences, confined io
prisonswhere the keeper are likely to
be much worse criminals than the cap
tives. ' . ' '; 'i, ,
The life of millions of people outside
of the prisons is very laborious and
base and slavish. They ara very little
better off than the convicts in the pen.
They have a little better wages and a
little more liberty. The dignity of the
working man on the job outside is not
worth boasting ' about, ' To be com
pelled to bunt for a job, to seek a
master, to solicit employment, is to be
forced into a state of misfortune and
disgrace very little different from that
of the convict and the criminal. And a
man hunting for a job is at any time
liable to be arrested as a vagrant.
If capitalist law was abolished, there
would be no need for prisons and there
would be no eme to punish. The hang
men might go to training hops and the
jailers to raising hogs. The newspapers
could find other means of entertaining
their waders than by recitals of crime.
Th lawyers might put in their time
more profitably studying the laws of
nature, than in trying to set them aside
py stupid, man-made obstructions.
Original sin is the ultimata cause of
human misery, but the immediate causes
that drive people to desperation are
the burdens of rent Interest, profit and
taxes. For many years I have been
trying to prod up some ef the "au.
thorlUes" In church or state to dis
cuss the morality or nnmorallty ef
these robberies. To call public atten
tion to thorn would be to stop them;
nence it is the policy of the defenders
and beneficiaries of crime to prevent
exposure of its real cause.
J. U JONES.
Water Power for th People. ,
The Dalles. OrDec. II. To the Edi
tor of The Journal Electricity has be
come almost household necessity, and
your editorial a few -days' ago1 was to
the point. For the possibilities of this
wonderful force are only beginning, and
we should guard well our water power.
What a Bpiendid thing if our stats
and national governments would de
velop these water power sites and fur
nish electricity at a small profit per
K. W. It would help more of the peo
ple than loaning money to the Wall
street gamblers, as they have done in
the past It could be made a, splendid
investment for tbe state and great
saving to the people. It would help
our industries. It could be a means Of
reducing our state and municipal taxes.
Then electricity would be within the
reach of all for light best and power.
Why should our government let these
splendid resources go Into $he hands pf
soulless corporations, who tn turn ex
ploit the people to the very limit?
This is a thing that should be kept
before the people until the government
is compelled to act. The people pay ail
the expense of government and it is
time the government did something for
tne people besides . rop ; them while
serving a pack of useless corporations.
WILLIAM H. TAYLOR.
Bills of Credit. .
Portland, Or.. Deo, II. To the Editor
of The Journal As defined by Chief
Justice Marshall, bills of credit re
paper issued oy me sovereign authority
and Intended to circulate as money." The
eany settlers in colonial times, isnor.
ing tbe eounsel of England.' issued them.
Under the Articles of Confederation, the
continental congress had the right to
"emit bills of credit." The bills, always
irredeemable, invariably depreciated, In
the first draft of the constitution con
gress was empowered to emit bills of
credit, and with the consent of eongress
the states . Individually might emit
them; but,' as finally adopted, the power
was aeniea to tne united mates by a
refusal to delegata It and to the indl.
vldual states by positive prohibition.
Several times afterward, and before the
Civil war, Interest bearing notes were
made receivable for public dues, but the
first circulating notes were authorised
by tbe act of July 17, 11. They were
made payable to bearer on demand at
the eubtreasurles.ln Philadelphia, New
York and Boston. Government officials
regarded and treated these notes as
founded on specie and. although no sne
cisl reserve wis provided for their re
demption even when specie payments
were auspenaeo tne aemana notes were
always redeemed. The . legal tender
notes emitted in 18(2 and lies, after
juiy l, wnen no longer convertible
ttj4ataieet bearing bonds, Jerrys
bills of credit. v : k
Vedcamable bill "of credit secured
by an adequate reserve, will conform to
value to the medium of its redemption
and constitutes the most efficient cur-
rency conceivable; but an irredeemable
bill of credit , is ' an evidence of bad
faith- and from every viewpoint, au
COMMENT AND
. ' SMALL CIIANQK
The butter trust needs a milking.
, e e i..' -
Greece, being very little, naturally
feels very big, , , "
. Middle-aged Jovers are about aa fool
ish as younger ones. : , , . ;
..:.,', --.. , . e e .3'--. ;:y
That's m good Job the police have been
given hunting for cases of peopla in
need. .. ; v,
.... '..:." A".'1;'.;:',.., ''I, e ""I'll ' ?.--y-..-?
Greet is a congressional Investigating
committee, even J. V Morgan comes
at Its call,
-ii ', 4 'wi '': h '!i iv'e .v ;V:'''. t. ui:l',vi,;f 'P,'r sp
All the nations are In favor of arbl
tratlng matters that they cars nothing
or little, about ; ,
-,'"': ,, ' .'.'J . '( '"".e i "!' Vk.W''i,''? 7 ;iii!;
' Is Portland to get a Christmas pres.
ent of the assurance of i an oriental
steamship linet - . . ,
: e -v.-;, ;.v . 1
prestdent-elect Wilson says he ' ft
afraid of nothing. , That is the way for
a person to feel, ;
Now won't Santa Claus feel remorse
ful; he won't find President Taft , at
home, or in the country. 1
v. . ",v;,i?f .V;.- - : :t;-.yp .t
Just as an Did maid knows all about
bringing up . children, so does an ohl
bachelor know all about .women,
Or, Wilson has discovered that peo
ple and things, ; after,, being & made
straight, must be kept straight E
,-','.. ,;" ... ""' '.;,. e'j-r... jfc: V';t
The trial Judge says ' tnere haa been
a vast amount of palpable perjury in
the dynamite conspiracy trial and prob
ably he knows.-,.- ;,
Flnley J. Shepard ! says that ' Miss
Helen Gould, to whom he Is engaged,
Is th most lovable woman any one ever
met - So is every girl or woman or
should be to the man to whom she is
engaged, ; '.vv7l, V-- ''.' v-"v''-
Thousands ' of good and influential
people who will coma to attend the
Christian CI ttsenship conference next
summer will , look around and ask:
"Whereas that great fine auditorium
we beard abputH . , vl
PIRACY IN CHINESE PORTS
Conditions in the vicinity of Canton
and Hongkong border . close u.pon an
archy. Ths river connecting the. two
cities is infested by. hordes cf river
thieves. Their movements are 'directed
by five piratical chieftains . who, , by
keeping together, have so far defied the
authorities. The daring of the men Is
shown to the fact that they continue
their depredations under the very guns
of the warships of foreign powers, and
recently have become so bold as actually
to fire on a British gunboat In Canton
harbor. In spite of the repeated at
tempts to run them out the pirates re
main as a continual menace to the peace
Of mind of the officers navigating thes
waters. ,
"I well recollect the shock of the first
time I left Hongkong to go up to Can
ton," says an eastern correspondent of
the Brooklyn Eagle. "The passage was
to be mad In an English steamer and,
after stopping at a thoroughly modern
hotel in the former town I went about
everywhere) as freely as If I were at
home, with no thought of danger.
Imagine my feelings then, when, upon
going aboard and glancing into the cap
tain's cabin, I saw the walla fairly jmed
with rifles and revolvers of the very
latest patterns, aVi of which, I waa as
sured, were loaded. Every Chinese that
was going with us, too. was hustled be
tween decks behind a door made of
heavy steel bars. To my inquiry as to
the cause of all this there was only one
word needed to make my backbone feel
as if a pleoe Of lee had been laid upon it
'pirates.' J could hardly believe it
and yet there was danger every min
ute, even though in the greet harbor
there were a dozen dreadnaughts of Eng
land, Germany and other European na
tions, and It waa but nine or ten hours'
sail to Canton up a broad river with
more men ef war there, too, and be
tween tho two many other vessels be
longing t the Occident- Why, yo
would no more think of pirates in such
circumstances than your would if you
were on the ferry going across from
Mew York to Jersey City.
"But their junks, crammed to the
gunwales with brigands, come into view
the moment there Is a mishap. Let a
fnrelan shlo co ashore and ahe Is quick
ly pounced upon her passengers looted
of every valuable, her cargo despoiled.
Always in Good Humor
DIDN'T LIKT5 HIM.
From Tit-Bits.
'Pa. why do you always insist on me
singing when .Mr. epposleton comes
bwer . ' ., .
"well, I don't una mat xeuow, ana
yet I bate to come right out and tell
him te go." v
WHY SHE LEFT. '
From Judge.
Rammv T thourht that Mrs. Mannish
was such an ardent suffragette. Why
did-she leave the meeting tne ovier
night when she was billed to make a
speech f .V..'
; Fannr Some one sent word that her
poodle was sick.
L ' FIRST IN LINE.
From the Chicago Post
A hiiArilnir Hrma rmrfnrmer named
Zeno was denied his salary envelope at
the red wagon because "way were pay
ing off alphabetically." Wherefore,
when he started out n his second sea
son he changed his name to AJax.
unmltlrated ? evlL No emergency can
Justify It no constitution can validate
il The fundamental laws or. man. to ds
valid, must conform to the principles
of Justice. Man - has no right to oo
wrong. The promise or tne aeotor in . a
bill of credit is the debtors contract
Obligation and a failure to perform it is
repudiation. Learned ana patriotic men
have not always been able to recognize
and comprehend the palpable difference
between redeemable and Irredeemable
paper Issues, ; The legal, tender laws.of
the sixties and the legal tender cases
tnwhleh theseTawswereconstrued
yerify the truth of this declaration.
The defects of our banking and coin
age laws contributed to tbe panto of
HOT, but there were other potent fac
tors. In anticipation of unreasonable
profits men took unreasonable risks. In
greedy competition reserves' wefy re
deposited and credit was exhausted,
Realising that their lawful credit was
shausted bankers conspired to take an
unlawful credit They soberly plighted
faith In tbe undertaking and I hey kept
faith, The use of the -counterfeit, for
the nonce, having Served their purpose,
seems alec- to have vitalised m desire to
utilize1 the same expedient in future
emergencies." 'Paper emissions under
reneral authority are of a na
lure saaiablslo abueejmd mo sxUia.xt
being abused, that tne wisdom of the
government : win be shown in never
trusting Itself with the use f so se-
ducting and. dangerous an expedient."
(Hamilton.) , v" J AMISS a. CAUR.
t. mmmF-mmmtum if its'ejWaaataaws 4 ... .
o Some men begm' to economize after
marriage by growing -whisker,.''
NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Bandon Recorder
Peace on earth and
good will to men goes fairly well with
a piece of earth
and good roaas zor men.
a . i. ,
Arrangements are being made to ded
icate the new Methodist church at Eu
gene, on Sunday, March 23, 1913, which
will be Eaeter Sunday. . , v .:.
. . . ' ...-, e .e ,', t' v.. .,
Ontario Democrat: The school census
of Ontario just completed shows the
school population Is 721. The census
gives Vale the second largest school
population In the county, at 3j5.
,:''V-u'V''e,!'e;i ; '
' Lebanon Tribunes The Xadlos Civic
club recently ; made payment on the
Lebanon park property, situated just
across the river. There remains now but
$400 to pay, when a clear title to the
property will exist.
Burns1 Times Herald:" The ; general
trend of business activities at the county
seat is en the increase. Many strang
ers, landseekers and men of means, are
dully coming and going, being attracted
here by the many possibilities of the
great Harney - country, and wha
shouldn't theyT 1 '
'Mlss Helen Melbeln has resigned as
teacher of history and mathematios In
the Cottage Grove high school, "She
will be succeeded by Professor . Leon
Ray, of Junction City, who waa once a
renowned debater for the University of
Oregon and is a graduate of .that insti
tution. , . ,
j , "v e e -1
Corvallla Gatette Times: A well de
fined movement is stirring towards the
establishment of a municipal light and
power plant for Corvallla, The consen
sus of opinion seems to favor steam
power, although) there are advocates for
a water power to be derived from the
waste water power of the Willamette,
.-.a.. ;- c '..'-v.:., ',. ..:;.;.;.. V
Ashland Becord: The Ashland national
forest service crew that has been em
ployed for two months building a wagon
road from Long's Cabin toward Mount
Ashland abandoned the Job Saturday for
the winter, the weather In that altitude
being too inclement." The present ap
proprlatlon of IU0Q0 has not yet been
expended, ,
Every Utte while there are published
accounts of such outrages, while the
smaller depredations go unnoticed, al
though they occur almost dally at some
point or another. The favorite scheme
of these fellows is to sail to a remote
place on the river, make a landing at
night and descend upon some unsuspect.
ing wealthy man. take possession ef his
house, drag him from his bed and toast
his feet until he gives tbe marauders
the sum they demand. Before tbe dawn
comes they have ;- decamped In their
swift little junks, only, to repeat the
operation 20 miles up stream the follow,
ing night. 'Outlawed by every, flag,
operating sometimes in tne very harbor
of Hongkong Itself. Jong the first port
of the world, in which it is common tt,
see 50 ocean steamers at a time, it seems
remarkable that these men of the black
flag could survive ths bunt for them
that goes on continually, A recent ac
count tells of a British coasting vessel
that had grounded in the North River
in trying to escape from two junks.
The pirates raked her with rifle balls,
killing tbe English captain, . wounding
many others, and then boarded, robbed
all the passengers, transferred to their
own craft all the cargo they could stag
ger under and disappeared and this
occurred within to miles of Canton, with
its 2,000,000 people, its large garrison
and a baroor filled with shipptng;and
nobody went after them, v - k
"Another favorite method of' proce
dure adopted by fhese gentry ia to come
aboard a passenger ship as ordinary
voyagers, and then at a preconcerted
signal spring on officers and crew. This
is why every ' Anglo-Baxnn officer in
sists that as fast as the Chinese come
on his ship they shall go below and
what ia more, they are only taken
aboard one by one, and that only after
a chief officer of the boat has carefully
inspected thera before they can set foot
on his decks, . ; ' ' '' 4 ,
Tho piratea have been hunted like
wild beasts for a century, yet their vo
cation is apparently as lucrative as
ever. Their homes are in their ships,
and with thousands of followers and
shallow water to protect them.' no craft
of sufficient dimensions to csrry the
necessary force to subdus them can get
near enough, and the British, who have
been the chief sufferers, have given up
, the cruaade." w- ..... .... ., . -
Pointed ParagrapLi
Hard luck never gets off the trail of
a piocxneaa.
e e ' ..;
-It may be a case of double dealing
when a couple decide to marry.
i ' " ' V-7-'. :"
We feel sorry for the -woman who is
afraid to laugh for fear she may frac
ture her complexion.
' a a ..
About the only time a Woman has
nothing to say js when she has a chance
to praise one of her rivals.
'!' The average small boy has a much
greater dread of the scrubbing brush
than he has of his mother's slipper.
By the way, did you ever hear a man
admit that his life would have been
ruined if his wife had refused to marry
him? "- ' '
;v ; . ;. . .' ' " ".:. . '. '. .' 1 ,
" When a man gets Into trouble mot
Of his acquaintances express their
sympathy, but inwardly they say it
served him right.
; " ; . ' ' V .
i When a woman gets to thinking how
unhappy her husband would be had he
married some other woman, she always
eeis nwo or less sorry for him.
" A Wise Man's Advice
. To Hoi iJay 7 Shoppers T ,
"When thou makest. presents, let them be pf such tilings as
will last long; to the end they may be in some sort immortal
and may. frequently refresh the memory of.. the receiver," said
Thomas Fuller. 1 '
'V1:'' -.'.' ',f-' ';.'' ' V 'S'' ? 'A'4'.' . r'i;.' '.'i '"'' r'v ' V '!.'''- '' VV' ."'',-''
"Myriads 'of worth while, ''last long" gifts are bcinj? adver- ,'
' lined m"THE JOURNAL every day. These advertisement of '
PORTLAND'S most reliable torcs radiate Christmas helpful
ness and suggestion. ' They feature beautiful, practical, and
"long to be remembered" gifts for every one in every walk of
life, at . prices which come within the range of every ptirgCi'-'
Read THE JOURNAL'S Christmas advertisements tonight
and every night, You will then know what to give and where
to buy gifts that will refresh the memory of the receiver.
' (Copyright, 1912, by JT.'.Pj Fallon.)
America's Own Business
: v:?V'VwLwi Nixon.1'3-' ;h: ;-!?
The Tory contention of the Hay-
Pauncefote treaty rests on Section 1 or
Article III, taken alone and unqualified
by the other section of the other ar
ticles. They say that the rules apply to
all yasels of 'commerce and war of an
nations; that of the United States, wnicn
makes and enforces the rules, is a ha
tlon, henco the rules apply to the United
States vessels of war and cemmerce.
There were two Hay-Pauucefote treat-
les negotiated in JUQO and- transmitted
to the senate for approval In February
Of 'that ynrjy-!AMi-m .
. .. i , IL.1 mnammm .1,1, ' '
senator tooi wno .waes.tne
presented a document to tne senate oh
January 18, 1891, giving a tilstory of their
amendments, made to the conventlonarr. . i
1900 to make it acceptable to the senate,,
Let us Scan this document, vised by Mr,
Hay, and submitted by Senator Root.
It will, be noted that In Article. Ill of
the Hay-Pauncef ate ; treaty. Instead of
the - United States and Great Britain
jointly adopting as the basis of the neu
tralization of the canal, the rules of neu
trality prescribed for Its use as was pro
vided in the first ' treaty; the United
Bute now alone adopts tAem. .
Let uasquote f rom Mr&ilay a memor
andum upon this change: , -
"This change relieves Great writain or
all responsibility and obligation to en
force the neutrality of the canal, which
by the former treaty had been Imposed
unon or assumed by her jointly, with the
United States. v; :.;,:
"The United States alone, as the sola
owner of the canal, as a purely American
enterprise, adopts and prescribes tne
rules by which the use of the canal shall
be regulated, and assumes the' entire re
sponsibility and burden of enforcing,
without the assistance of Great Britain,
or of any other nation, its absolute neu
trality" v v; :;v'vvvw' v..
The whole idea of contract right in the
canal on the part of any of the powers
was entirely eliminated, and the vessels
of any nation which shall refuse to ob
serve the rules adopted and prescribed
may be deprived of tbe use of tbe canal.
And please note that the rules are to be
ppserveu -noi one ruie. , 4. 1
Lord Lansdowne,' under date of Aaw
mo, 1 101 waj. .- ...
"It would appear to follow tnat the
whole responsibility for upholding these
rules, and thereby maintaining the neu
trality of the canal, would henceforth
be assumed by the government of the
United States. Ths change of form is an
important one. but in view of the fact
that the whole cost of construction of
the canal is to be borne by that govern- .
ment, which Is also to be charged with
such measures as may be necessary to
protect It against lawlessness and dis
order, his majesty's government is not
likely to object to it." V ,
These negotiations clearly snow the
recognition by Great Britain of the Unit
ed States as the sovereign power and
sole protector of the canal and the full
concession of our right to provide for ita
regulation and management and that
Great Britain was making sure that she
would obtain equal treatment with other
powers observing the rules adopted by
the United States as the basts for the
neutralization of the canal. This is the.
meaning of tbe "general principle" of
neutralization established, by Article 111
of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty.
The basis of neutralization adopted by
the United States rents on the modified
rules of the convention of Constantino,
pie fo, the navigation of the Sues canal.
We know that a number of the signa
tory powers directly rebate tolls collect
ed for the passage of their vessels, and
most of them to so Indirectly. ,
To quote ths president of the United
States upon this question: -,,)
"If it is correct to auume that there Is
nothing In the Hay-Pauneefote treaty
preventing Great Britain and the other,
nations from extending such favors as
they may see fit to their shipping using
the canal, and doing it in the way they
see fit. and If it ia also right to sssume
that there Is nothing in the treaty that
gives the United States any supervision
ever, or the right to complain of, such
action, then the British protest leads to
the absurd conclusion that this govern
ment, In constructing the canal, main
taining the canal and defending the
canal, finds Itself shorn of the right to
deal with its own commerce in its own
way, while all other nations using the
canal in competition with American com
merce enjoy that right and power unim
paired." " .
Nowr- to show the Inconsistency of
those who argue" gainst the rights of
their own country, we find them basing
all their arguments on Section 1, of Ar
ticle HI, one only of the rules adopted.
This rule says that the canal shall be
fre and open to the vessels of commerce
and of war of all nations observing these
rules, upon terms of entire equality.
They construe this to mean that we are
prevented from preferring our own ves
sels of commerce.
But if it applies to vessels of com
merce, it must apply to vessels of war.
In ether words, under any unqulbbled
construction of this section we cannot
exclude vessels of war and include ves
sels of commerce under our flag, unless
We are in a class apart as, of course, we
are.
Yet , It is claimed that we are forbid
den to discriminate in favor of our own
vessels of commerce, end as vessels of
war and commerce are linked together,
to be consistent, they must argue that
we cannot discriminate In favor of our
own vessel of war.
An entire misconception of the char
acter of this treaty has grown up In the
publlo mind through constant misrepre
sentation. Thin is not a treaty of com
merce and navigation for the purpose of
securing reciprocal liberty of commerce.
It Is a treaty designed in exact words
"to facilitate 'the construction of a
canal to connect the Atlantic and Paclflo
oceans."
A woman always seems to think a
man can make over his silk hat as
easily as she can make a now bonnet
out of the one she wore last year.