The Oregon daily journal., July 21, 1912, Page 39, Image 39

THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNALS PORTLAND, . SUNDAY HORNING, JULY 21, 1312.
ML II RIVER
: POWER PUNT 10
STATE FAIR IS it
$2,000,000 Is Estimated Cost ofeEntirDevelopW b f Which p ower Plant on Bull Run Is Part
145-Acre Lake YU1 Store 72,400,000 Cubic Feet of Water; This la Equal to Nearly 600,000 Horse Power Hours of Electrical Energy; Machinery of First Unit Will Commence
Operating Soon; Large Water Wheels Made In East; 200 Men at Work Building Big Sandy River Diversion.
iiinrns'inr
T UP AUG. 1
JHUiKDMS
ounty . Exhibits Sure to Be
- Feature "Along "Vith" Chil
dren V " Industrial ' 'Work;
Special Days Set: Aside.
New Plant of P. R., L. & P.
Will Be Highest Hydro-Elea-trie
Station of Kind in the
! State.
nn rn
UUVLKWIUL
mi
August 1 the water wheel units in
the new hydro-electrio power plant of
jthe Portland, Railway, Light Tower
company on Bull Run river will bo in
operation. Announcement to this effect
was madadurlng the weals by thecom
'pany's engineering department to PYe sl-
dent B. S. Joasolynr Thhrpower project
lp tha one that formed the nucleus for
the Mount(Hood Railway & Power com
pany, purchased by the old company
some months ago and now merged with
Is properties. - -
It is claimed that this will be the
nigtrest head hydraulic, plant of ita- ca
pacity In the state, and about 12,000.000
is the estimated cost pf the entire de
velopment of whldh the power plant is
a part, Work on the- power house and
reservoir was started a little over a year
,ago under the late Cecil B. Smith, chief
engineer and general manager of the
Mount, Hood Railway & Power compa-
ny, and the project was turned over for
(completion to the Portland Railway,
Light & Power company engineers about
threa months ago when the transfer of
the Mount Hood company to the old
(company was officially announced.
! Lake of 143 Acres.
For about a year the Little Sandy
j river, a branch of the Bull Run, will
furnish all the water necessary for this
development The dam that diverts the
water o fthe Little Sandy, is located
'about three and a quarter miles from the
Bull Run postoffloe. A wooden flume
carries the water from this dam to a
reservoir located at Bull Run postof-
tlce.
The reservoir site Is located In a
Inatural depression diked by a riprapped
'retaining wall. This 145 acre lake will
store 72,400,000 cubic feet ot water,
which Is equivalent to nearly 600,000
' horse power of electrical energy. The
water In this lake can be drawn down
16 feet In order to give the horse power
ihour shown above.
In making use of the water in this
pond, a concrete Intake structure will
admit It through 10 foot moter operated
valves. These valves are protected by
screens now being placed. The water
drops 825 feet from the reservoir levol
to where It Is discharged from the tur
bine In the power plant below.
Huge Stand Pipes.
In passing through the intakes, tho
water Is conducted a distance of 1400
leet down the hillside through two nlno
foot penstocks. For a short distance
these penstocks run through a tunnel
awl then In trenches held by concrete
anchors. Huge stand pipes and surge
tanks for protection against water ham
mer, "are Installed on each penstock about
460 feet below tlm reservoir Intake. It
Is proposed to cover these penstocks
after they hava been tested, as further
protection againut surges and shocks
At a point about 160 feet back of the
power house the penstocks branch In the
form of a Y making lour B4 leet pen
Storks that take the water directly to
the turbines. The water after passing
through the water wheels in the power
house is discharged into the Bull Run
river.
The power plant is about 150 feet by
46 feet with a 45 foot ceiling. The
heavy machinery In the operating room
can be handled by means of. a 40 ton
electrically operated crane. This ma
chinery consists of throe water wheel
units of what is known as the single
runner Francis type and are direct con
nected to three- alternating current gen
erators: The mechanism on each "gate
If of the latest type, holding the gates
open UKalimt hydraulic pressure so that
in caFO of archil nt the central mechan
ism Is tripped and the water wheels
Etnpppd.
High Degree of Safety.
The mechanlcnU-y operated relief valve
On each unit, together with a complete
oil operated governor of the latest de
sign, gives a great degree of safety.
However, to make doubly sure, there !s
. ..provided: on -'. each. . pe os lock. a . bre&ki ng
plato which is so designed that should
.the pressure by any chance exceed a
certain amount, duo either to a flood In
the forebsy or a condition brought about
bv a surte. this Pl.ite will break and
relieve the turbine runners of the in
ci eased pressure.
One of tho large water wheels was
manufactured by a Cleveland, Ohio, con
cern, the Wellman-Soaver-Morgan com
pany, while the other two large ones
and the two small ones -were manufac
tured by tho Piatt Iron Works company
of Dayton, Ohio, the same peopla who
supplied tho water wheels for tho I'azn
dern nnd River Mill developments of the
Portland Railway, Light Tower com
pany. The smaller water wheels of tluj
five are exciter units ami of .100 horse
power capacity each, while the largo
ones are of 6400 horse power each.
Fourth Unit Planned.
The Westlnghouse Electric A Man
ufacturing company of nttshurg. has
Have You a Friend
Who Drinks to
Tell Him He Can Be Cured by the Neal Treatment
Many a man whrt tlrinks to execs?
pives no thought to the habit winch
fills his friends with sorrow am!
alarm.
They can see bis finish.
The Neal Institute b a place which
has enabled many descnin people to
save friends and loved ones by rid
ding them of the craving appetite for
drink.
Three days is sufficient for the per
formance of what many people look
upon as a miracle.
Kxccssive- drinkers do not always
drink because they really want to
diink. Many a slave to the habit has
resolved to njjt. Again and atf.iin he
has "sworn off," but the torment he
suffers attending the effort without
the right kind of help takes him hack
to his old ways.
The truth is that excessive drinkers
rcally-Aic .unyixiulcd ..mih' thcaf..
cumulatcd alcoholic poison, which has
been taken into the system too fast
for nature to expel it.
This accumulated poison is respon
sible (or the craving desire which can
L Ftp- rTYyi H p . Mil fir .
I h- I? ?r?r if I f, ""---tvi' III
life-.. ssSasssSnS' 'lU'tT' W 4VJ I
Top, left to right Power house and transformer house on Bull Run
left to right Wooden flume( carrying water from Little
the contract for Installation of all the
electrical equipment consisting of gen
erators, switchboards, auxiliary ap
paratus. It Is planned to Install a fourth
unit In the early part of 1913.
The interior of the switching room
in which is located what is termed the
low-tension switching apparatus furn
ishes Interesting study. The current on
the copper buses in the cells bak of
the oil switches will bo nt a potential
of 6600 volts. Back of this switching
house and on a higher level Is located
the transformer house. Here the 6600
volt current is stepped up to a voltage
of 60,000 for transmission to Portland.
Seven huge transformers, each located in
a separate compartinent, accomplishes
the transformation to the higher volt
age. On an upper floor of this trans
former house are all the high voltage
switches and buFes.
The buildings that compose this pow
er plant will have a total wheel capac
ity of 25,600 horse power and a rated
generator capacity of 15,000 kilowatts.
Diversion Dam.
As the Little Sandy will not furnish
sufficient water to operate the entire
plant, there is being constructed on tb,$
Big Sandy river about seven miles from
tlwTowW:'1laht"sh,"a;vfdn'-'dam
which will divert the water from the
Pig Sandy through a flume, earth ca
nal and tunnels about three miles to a
point on the south side, of the Devil's
Backbone, where it enters a' tunnel that
conveys it to the diversion point on the
Little Sandy river. From there, to
gether with the waters of the Little
Sandy, 1t is conducted through the Lit
tle Sandy flume to the Bull Run reser
voir.
Wlien this work on the Big Sandy Is
completed, there will be sufficient water
to opt-rate the plant to Its full capacity.
At present there will be only enough
to operate the plant to about one third
to one half Its ultimate cnpaclty.
force of 200 men Is working on tho
building of this Big Sandy diversion and
It is (stated that this force will bo rapid
ly IncresRerl so as to push the work for
ward to completion about April or May,
1913.
only he temporarily satisfied with
more drink.
The treatment is such that it will
recommend itself to auj one,. Haying a
friend who drinks, for it is adminis
tered along ethical lmc-v '
Hus'.ness men have none to the
Neal Institute in condition bordering
on collaps e- nervous drinkers who
need "bracers" from morning until
night.
They have left the institution in 3
days superlatively happy over restor
ation of nerves and with all desire
and craving for alcoholic liquor abso
lutely gone.
At the Institute guests enjoy all the
privileges and comforts of home, club
or hotel. Names of patients are never
divulged. Home treatment can be
flUcn to those who prefer it.
If you are interested in any one
wli. ilriiiL tw- muck, aud want him
to know more about the Neal Treat
ment for the Drink Habit, write,
phone or call at the Neal Institute,
.154 Hall street, Portland, Or. Mar
shall 2400.
Excess?
Commercial Mushroom Growing in Oregon Is Practicable
Oregon Agricultural College, Corval-
11s, Or., July 20. Mushrooms, so delec
table as a garnish for a tender steak.
are not grown so generally as tney
would be if it were not that so many
gardeners have a wholesome fer of
"toadstool poisoning." Though there are
numerous wild mushrooms which are
edible, some of them much preferred to
the species usually grown for market,
one who wishes to be absolutely rate
may obtain the Agarieus Campestris,
the kind grown commercially. The color
of the gills (the under surface of the
cap) is cramy white, turning later to
a pink, and In some brown varieties, to
grayish brown, and later still to
blank. '
Prof. A. Ci, B. Bouquet, the vegetable
garden expert of the Oregon Agricultural
college, has prepared the following sug
gestions and advice for those interested
in the cultivation of mushrooms.
Way Mnjrhroom O rowers rail.
The cultivation of tha mushroom for
commercial, purposes la a more or leas
uncertain affair," says Prof. Bouquet.
"The common causes for failure are the
use of poor spawn or spawn killed by
improper storage; spawning at a temper
ature injuriously high; use of too much
water at spawning time or later; and
improper preparation of the bed. There
is no use trying to raise mushrooms if
you do not start right. If the bed does
not heat. If the manure was not right,
and if spawning is done before the heat
is low enough, the heat will kill the
spawn.
In mushroom growing one of the first
requisites is to secure fresh, reliable
spawn. Most of the spawn used in this
country Is Imported, being grown In
h,ngland and fiance, out tri re is a con
siderable amount of good American
spawn also put on the market which is
usually quite reliable. The Important
thing is to secure the so-called virgin
spawn, or a new growth of Mycelium of
the Agarieus Campestris. This spawn
can be obtained from reliable seedmen
or from certain mushroom spawn deal
ers In various parts of the United
States. The customary price is $2 for
enough spawn for 60 square feet
WIiki asuahrooma Will Grow.
Mushrooms may be grown In any
place where the conditions of tempera
ture and moisture are favorable. A
Bhed, cave, cellar or any vacant space
in a greenhouse may be utilized to ad
vantage. The most essential factor is
the obtaining of proper temperature
which should range from 63 degrees to
60 degrees, 65 degrees to BS degrees
being best.
The second most Important factor Is
that of moisture. The place should be
very damp, although a moist atmosphere
Is desirable for the best growth of the
fungus. In selecting a place in which
to grow mushrooms It will be necessary
to consider that cold Is less injurious
to mushrooms than heat. This accounts
for many mushroom houses being con
Mructed half below the ground so that
there Is lens trouble in koeplng down
tho temperature. Cold may render the
bed unproductive for a time, but heat
Htlmulates tho spawn to too rapid
growth. The season of the year at which I
mushrooms are usually, grown Is earlv
spring and summer, as well as In fall
and early winter. They may be produced
the year around, however. In properly
constructed houses. Light Is usually ex
cluded from the mushroom houses but
a little light may be allowed that one
may be able to work among and harvest
the mushrooms. The color of the pro
duct will be materially Improved by
darkness.
rtrtllisatloa of the Beds.
Suitable manure must ba used In the
preparation of the"tet!sr It must be
in the primary atagea of fermentation,
and, if possible, should not contain more
than a moderate amount ef straw or
bedding, or of such substitute at saw
dust or shavings. When tha manure is
river; pipes conveying water from reservoir through tunnels to power houe on Bull Run river.
Sandy river Into reservoir at Bull Run postoffice; interior view of power house operating room.-
first obtained it should be piled In a
heap three or four feet high, and if It
is dry it should be watered slightly bo
as to start, fermentation. In four or
five days it should be turned and a
second turning is also necessary in
seven or 10 days. This is to permit
of even fermentation and to prevent it
from burning in spots. In 15 days or
three weeks the temperature will begin
to fall, the fermentation will have been
uniformly started and the compost will
be ready for the beds.
The Bad, and T&elr. Temperature.
It is customary to make the beds
about three and a half feet by four feet
and 10 to 12 inches deep, with boards
on the outsldj to hold the manure. When
put into the beds the manure should not
be wot or dry, but may be moist. The
only practical test to be relied upon for
moisture content Is that of pressure-i-when
water Cannot readily be squeezed
out the compost is In condition. It may
be piled in layers of four or six Inches
and slightly packed so , that there may
be a minimum number of air spaces.
THE AUTO HEARSE IS AN ADDITIONAL
k iftnllRl if FY, : CJfi a
-l4 v i m jk f W , L ! 1 1 vU , t - '
immmt. . - i, , ,,, , yitlsm- K
- n v I ' r - r ! if
I ,': Zmf nfc-W I I - . j -'111 t. S:
..(. : .r ... v. y s T,pTiKti..Tia'.'.,.' ; . "i. J .giMai. y. k' mm. j-rv jr n x . (-
i.. vwv ' -
J. P. Finley
Ever a steo in advance of the most
progressive ideas in undertaking, J. P.
Flnloy & Son have furthered dignity of
the profession by several league In
th Introduction of tho motor funeral
car in this city. Not to be outdone by
the leading funeral directors of the
United State, among whom this com
naoy ia Ixsyusntij .mcaUoniii-Ui car
was ordered everal month before they
were In igeneral use In New York and
Chicago. It I now In dally use In this
city.
This ear Is an example of the excel
and so that fermentation may proceed
regularly.
After the beds are prepared the tem
perature will bo too high for spawning.
It should fall to 75 degrees before the
spawn is put in the manure. Beds
should never he spawned at a tempera
ture greater than 80 degrees. Tho
spawn which Is bought commercially
comes in bricks, which are broken or
cut Into pieces two lncb.es square, mak
ing 10 or 12 pieces to the brick. Theso
are put 10 inches apart an inch or so
under the surface of the manure. It Is
usually unnecessary to water the beds
after spawning, for water applied to
young spawn almost invariably causes
it to damp 'off.
White Thread Indicate Growth.
If the bed is examined about two
weeks after spawning and It Is found
that the spawn Is not "running," tha
difficulty may be with the bed. Fail
ure to jrow is Indicated by the absonce
of white threads In the manure about
the spawns" XMuiitg" -consist of apply
ing a layer of loam not too heavy or
.a.jammma.i
aaagftwwi&tt'yTwl'rft'rt'
,jLll'l IIW II
& Son, Undertakers,, First to Use This Modern Vehicle on the
lent designing of automobiles for the
purposn. Its quiet -running, noiseless
operation and pleasing appearance seems
to have fitted It, without apparent In
tention, for tho very use to which It
has been called. Its serviceability was
quickly recognized by J. P. Finley, short
! after automobile ambulances were
first uad. -
"1 tie i luisSfs'was oriereiTlfirougii tSe
agency of H. L Keats while the body
was designed and built by a Portland
manufacturer. Tha trimmings, another
Lira adapted by Mr, 4. P. Finley to
Portland s needs, ara of t,ha character
Lower,
too light, about an Inch and a half deen
all over the surface of the bed. This
should be fine and previously screeaed,
and should be barely moist to prevent
the bed from drying out. '
When the mushrooms appear the bed
may be given a light sprinkling once
or twice a week, but they should never
be soaked. To have the moist atmos
phere In the mushroom house the walks
and walls can be watered and kept
moist.
Picking the Marketable Ones.
The mushrooms appear usually about
six weeks after spawning takes place.
Being a fancy article, it is necessary
to practice diligent method of picking
and gardening. In picking, the mush
room Bhould be grasped by the cap or
by the rap and stem and twisted to
remove it easily from the soil. All de
fective ones should be removed and the
small "buttons" also thrown out. Ship
ment Is made in small boxes usually,
similar to strawberry boxes, or In card
board boxes holding two to five pounds.
These are often lined with paper to keep
the mushrooms In as good condition a
possible. The market price averages or
dinarily 35 to 50 cents a pound, and
sometimes even 75 cent la paid.
Under- favorable- etreumatances bed
will come into bearing within six weeks.
EVIDENCE OF PROGRESS
ilwiftwiw&t'ifeinm
istic gTay tnd silver which has dona
so much to eliminate tho aomber effect
of black. Th color effect la not only
carried out In exterior decorations, but
on tho inside as well,
Thl Is th second Innovation for
whfth this firm is responsible, In the
use of motor car for their service, Th
first was" a casket wagon 'which hl
urea in uae lur, uoio uinu. ii naa prov
en a success In every Way and demon
strated Its Immense superiority over
old method which ar rapidly being dia
carded by modern undertaker. It I be-i
lleved that th time is not far distant
(Satan Barren of Ttio Innrsal.f
Salem, -Or., July 20. That the utate
fair, which will be held during th
early part Of September, will be unusu
ally good is the unanimous opinion of
members of tho state fair board, v -
It Is now practically assured that -
Clatsop, Multnomah, Marlon, Coos. 'Co-
lumbla, Clackamag and Benton counties
will have county exhibits, beside the
many Individual and .community exhlb-
Its from these and other counties tn the
etate. .And practically every eounty in -
the state will be represented In tha
children's Industrial exhibits. , '
On of the new feature "thla year will
be the eugenic show, for which 500 has
been appropriated for prizes and cups,
OC, M. Plummer of Portland will have
charge of this feature.
Another new feature Is the , shoot,
which will be held Monday and Tuesday
There will be seven events, the first
for 10 targets, the second and third for
15, the fourth and fifth for 30 and tha
fifth and sixth for 25 targets, whlla
an added event for Sir-target-1-will ba
pulled off if there Is time. r
Parses for Shoot.
The amateur receiving the highest
average for the two days, wilt win a
special purse of $25, the second highest
$15 and "the third highest $1. There -will
be a $2. entrance fee and a $20
purse added by the fair board for each
event. Which will be divided at the ratio
of 40, 30, 20 and 10 per cent. Three
cents each will be deducted for cartrld-:
ges.
Th board selected J. J. McCarthy of
Oakland, Cal., for starting Judge for
the racing events. He served here two
years ago. - -- --.i -
It has been announced that tho state
game and fish commission will hava
an exhibit of pheasants and special::
coopg are to bo provided.
Announcement has been made that th
fair grounds will be policed by Ore
gon national guards, if satisfactory ar
rangements can be made with the
guardsmen. It is desired to have thera
camp on the grounds and take' full su
pervision of the police regulations'.'
Frank O.-Odell of Lincoln, Neb., has
been engaged to give bee demonstra
tions each day of the fair. "
The board gave consent to loan tha
fish tanks not in use on the fair grounds
to the state fish and game commission
which will use them for making an ex
hibit at the Pendleton fair.
The secretary of the fair board was
authorized to advertise for music for
fair week to be furnished by union inu
slclans who are residents of Oregon.
Monday, the opening day of the fair,
will be Labor Day. Tuesday will be
Woodman of the World day; Wednesday.
Salerrti and eugenic aliow day; Thursday,
Portland day; Friday, German societies'
ay; Saturday. Bhrlners' day.
and the period of the successful bed
will vary from six weeks to thre
month. Many growers f igura a profit
In mushrooms yielding half a pound to
the square foot of surface, and many
report two pounds to tho square foot.
When a bed has ceased to bear or 1
no longer profitable commercially, th
manure may be taken out and used for
garden purposes. It Is useless, of course,
for the growing of mushrooms again, as -all
the heat la exhausted. Th hou
may be thoroughly cleaned In anticipa
tion of another crop. Those who wish
printed matter on th subject may ob
tain the Massachusetts board of agri
culture bulletin 6, farmers' bulletin 204,
"Cultivation of Mushroom."
The Trouble Hunt.
From the Washington Star.
"Of course." said the observant clU
zen, "every man Is liable to say things
which will lay him open to resentment
and criticism."
"Yes." replied the energetlo candi
date, -'"d-1 -m--4ryliita"-Mnl'"Uaj
lot of them right now."
IN MOTORDOM
Pacific Coast.
when carriages will follow tha old tyl
bears Into history.
In 11 th various Ideas for which J.
P. Finley A Boo hava received crclK,
none has received and derv4 greater
prats than th trectlon of th ptandt t
new dlflca at Fifth and MunUomarr
street. Her th largest and mot com
plete establishment of It kind otf i
PaclfleeeisBt Uhelna; rnrnf!" I I i
fa'nC"ft"wouidT"diir;':uitt' v.-ii in i: .
grest cltle Of the1 east, to f.-id a i , . -eommodlou,
ptctiy iu!i' 1
complet building thsn V f.. .
a few weeks it will leu' 1 "
psnry.
Pacific r
... j