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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1908)
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING. AUGUST 23. 1908 WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES? Land Where All Manner of Man Dwells--Filipino Character Reverse of That of Natives That Daily Associate With Them Queer Trihcs and Their Stranger Customs lea" m- t iwrii 1 :.'; . tssagi lei. J IT . . KM HOVATAIM PEOPLE THE Philippine islands are one of the must peculiar, na will ns one Iof tlio mom Interesting; coun tries existing In the world to day. Ono who tins never x-ls-lted on oriental countrv can scarcely conceive of the conditions existing there. The longer you study the peo ple the less you know nhout them. If you can ImaRlne a place whore all your Ideas ore turned upsldo down and Inside out you will have some Idea of conditions as thev exist In the. Philippines . Our acquisition of this peculiar country was one of 1 1 . most unexpected events in our national his tory. Whip af broke out with Spain In laSS. It was known tnat hc had a fleet somewhere in the Pacific ocean which might make trouble for rim cities of this western const of the United States. For a time all wns ex citement. Veterans of the Civil mr once mors felt the call of their coun try and wanted to man the forts along the coast. Admiral 1 lewey who was then In Hongkong In command of our Asiatic sijuadioii was ordered to fiud and destroy the Spanish fleet. Dewey's Victory. The momnr.Thlo battle of Manila hay. May I, 1S9R, destroyed "the power of Spain and left the Philippine Islands on our hands Not having enough troops to hold the city, no attempt was made to take Manila until reonforcemep.s ar rived from the horn" bind. u August 33. 'he city su rpeiidererl to gen eral Merrltt. and the blue and .gold of Spain was replaced by the .stars ar.d stripes. August 13 Is now a )"a! holl dav In the islands, and is called Occu pation day. It marks the beKi'nnlnp' of American soverelcnt v over th tlanris. At the time Iewev salhil into Manila bay few Americans had ever heard of I'the. Philippines, and even now ther- are not many who have n clear Ulca of the size and location of our island pos- . sessions- The islands are about 2 Ooo Jj num ber, many beinK too small to b' in habited. They extend from the fourth to the 20th decree north latitude, a distance of over l.Ofln mllis. To reacn thom from Portland you would need to travel west neatlv one-third of the distance annuel llo- eatlh, aod south i shout 2 500 miles, or three times as ( far iis from Portland to San Pi a.n Is.-o. Manila, the largest cltv, contains a ftopulation ff over 'noo,UtiO jieople. It s about 700 miles further south than Honolulu or I lontrkongr and 300 miles norlu of Panama. Not So Large as Oregon. The total area of the Islands Is about 2.", ami square miles, or one and one third times as lri;e as Oregon. Luzon, the greatest irland. containing 47.00) miuare miles Is n little larger than Pennsylvania. Mindanao, with 3f.opo square miles. Is larger than Itniiana. Sc.ires of islands contain from 2."tt to 8,0(iii Miuare miles. The islands have a population of about X. 000. 000 people; no exact census has ever been taken, as many of the wild tribes live up in the inaccessible mountains, and their riumbei can only be estimated. There are 15 times as many people to the square mile as in Oregon, anj the coun try could easily support 10 times as many more The original Inhabitant' were called Negritos. meaning "little negroes." They are a small, black, curly-headed tribe who have been driven back into the mountains by the larger and more lnteMle;eut Malays. There are still a few Negritos left, and In some parts of the Islands they are quite numerous. The province W Isabela In the north ern part of I,u7,on contains ma.n . and they may bo found In most of th-a mountainous districts of the Islands. In spite of .Too years of contact with the Spaniards they have made very little progress toward civilization. For the ethnologist the Negrito forms a very interesting study. In some re spects he resembles the black man ' f Africa, but Is smaller and his lips ara thinner. The members of the race are the smallest race of people on arth. The 1 v-iZ .it m I i t . s. it ; n.' i r. 1 ' .'.; A COMSTJLB 17DZL R V &OLDIER. to edn seeral sr h on Is in fa II in latclies 1" hut wild a t i o n attempts hut their e A fei of rice The Spanish priests nost of beasts. made to establish Negrito efforts tilways ended of them plant small and sweet potatoes, them live almost like the When Magellan Carrie. The majority of the present Inhabi tants of the Philippines belong to the brovni race, best authorities agree that from the larger Islands to 'something less than 1,000 They found the land poo N"giitos; but their larger erior degree of civiliza t;te newcomers to drlvi from tie i lowlands li.rk lesiialile mount-iin dfs- they cune t'ne south, years ago. pled with siz an 1 sup. tlotl enabled the Neurit.. into tile less nieis. When .Magellan discovered the I'liillppines In l,,21 the natives had already reached a certain degree of civilization. They had a primi'lvo form of writing, lived In villages ami coin- men seldom reach a height of four feet, eight Inches, and the women ar- I correspond Ingly smaller. Some of the more civilized Negritos build small I houses and live In v illages, but most iof them live out In the mountains i wandering from place, to place In search of food. Inirlng the winter the Negritos some times cut a few large leaves and Inrm a temporary roor to shelter tnetr naku bodies from the coldest of the rains They are expert hunters with the bow and arrow; they alS" uSe spears and traps. When they kill a deer or n IM hog thev camp on the spot until It Is eaten up. 1 h"V otten cntcrt nsii w.tn their hands. They stand In a r,nrr..w ripple for hours, especially at night, holding their hands (n the water wit" their fingers spread out, and are quite Bucressful In landing the fish that I attempt to go up tr down the stre.un. I once pave a pocket mirror to a Negrito woman. It was the first l had ever seen, she ms grrailv pleased n-lth It She would "0"k In it and .-v. "M-am1ang a ' ' iow r.e,vit If .1 1 ami Ihev nocrate xc.e.r ooues wnn scars made by cutting the skin with a knife I.Ike all Filipino the Negritos are fond of chewing hnvn which m.ikes their mouth and teeth very red and u ?ly. Eeg in Town. Near the tew n of San Jose In Antlqu province Is a sma'.l village of Negritos. On certain da s of the mon'h thy iress up in ail their splerdrr and nune to ton to b"g A hand of begrars resembles a plug ugly parade Som of the men have only a pslr of trousers made of flour sacks. m have k.oe breeches and a h'gh silk hat. some have red calleo trousers find a halt"! stiff hat; others hove onlv a sh.rt n1 breach cloth with no hat af all Thev 111 wf dcn It, a seml-cn ie !n ti e Street In front of voir ho i snd be. fin their pitiful drawl. M ic'-o pobre o. ualanr ssosao. ua.anjr pll.-ik. dim ' dlnero. darjie siosao.. rr. cho pre kn." (I am rery peer. 1 have no food. I ha- no monev. five me monv. five me food, for I am rrr oon At "tfht they start bsck to their rlliaif arrylnf their plunder ronsist'.ra of ktta ef.rars. wornoit 'loth and foo!. I" -thla Tilla(re eontainlr.a- over J9 peo ple there la not a man ho cn ra4 r write. j Th Nurltoa hare never taken kJixPy pared very tavorablv with our own American Indians .it the time ti.ry were discover', by ( 'ol urnlui s. Magellan with 21 nun -noted to help one of the nativ il'Je;.; ;a a bat tie against a neighboring e m v, but the brave man n noei es'J ,r... t . 1 tha stn ngth of his opponents and fell n victim to the spear of his foe. In the city of (Vim Is a large cross tnonm.-.l on a marble base on which Is Inscribe. 1 the leg-end that hero Is the spot wnere Magellan first held mass In tic Phll l pines. Near this spot Is a large church which contains the image cnlh-.I the T.ho'k Child." one of the most famous of the Images in the Philippines. It IS Suppose,) to ,;n I'lilllc from Mexico unaided and Is able to cure all manner of diseases. The Filipinos re divided roughlv Into Christian and mei I 'h riM I i n. . The noii-i 'hrlst ia n include the Negritos, the Igorrotes, the Morns and a la;;;e num ber of unimportant nueintaln tribes. Perhaps one of the most Interesting of these Is the lb-ad-Hunter tribe, liv ing up in the Inaccessible mountains cf lionguet and Ahra In the north cen tra! part of Luzon hi aceount of the, extreme dan"! l""w- white men have ever visited this part of the country. Funston's Capture. At the time Agulnaldo was fleeing from Ceneral Funstop he was driven hai k into the mountains ami was fin il ly captured In the very heart of the Head-Hunter district This tribe Is very n lid and uncivilized It has re ceived Its name from their curious cus tom of riecoratlng their cabins with n.plv t iking her than ole he ill "IS man I' v. j : ... -jc - J, w nfca- vvk KM$&vi - ' tstw j WHERE fTAGELL AN V'J' 1 I NA TI VJP JfOCScTB C "-ssA I J $ ' is - . s iter tng for their lives. The market was not opened again until the Muro.i left town. Natnrallv, the Moro soldiers prefer to fight against the christians but they nr" often used In hunting down hands of their own people After a band of troublesome robbers had been cleaned up. the oTfloer In charge of the compnnv noticed that, one of his Moro soldiers with a group of his companions around him wns nearly splitting his sides with laughter. Through an Interpreter the officer found out the cause of his mirth If seemed that the father and brother of the soldier had been very Indignant when he joined the armv of the Ameri cans, and ha. I threatened Ilia life If he did not desert; onlv a river divides one tribe from tha other, yet the dialects are as different ns.hrench and German. Kach of these tribes hates the other with an almost Inconceivable hatred, and each hopes some day to become the predominant tribe In the Philippines. At present the Ilocanos. living In the north central part of Luzon, are Increasing very rapldlv In number. They are spreading, out in every direction, encroaching- on both Tngalog and Pampahgan territory. When they feel that they are becoming; too crowded In any place they usually emi grate In a band sufficient to establish a new village. Ho today we find Ilocano villages scattered ovor th provinces of Tarlae. Pampanga, Hulacan, Nueva KcIJa and others. Gruesome Joke. It happened that the band which had and. said the soldh my brother and my fight, and I lulled mvself'" Anil thev a great God and the Clay. the family was In just been attacked, r, "My father and uncle were In tin all three of them thought It was I' "lack cfjiizrr CHs&cft a? .arjurraxsiNo Philippines Spain was never able to subjugate thctn, and Wc n,it:ht almost, say Hint wc are subjugating them about as fast 'S we ext et m i na t them. So greatly qo the other l-'ll i ;1 m.-s four them that a .h z.-n of Morns could go Into a town of 20,000 people and drive every thing before them. town luali w in-,.-t ii.c 1 aid other w n . m United States Policy. The 1'nlted states has adopted the policy of enlisting them r.s soldiers In the constabulary. A ear or so ago a compnnv of Moios was t..kr.n to the island of Sim.ir to help .lean out the Pulajanos. As soon as the natives heard that Moro soldiers were In ilows and doors were closed. was suspended, the streets di ' llll Olltslde Wlll'k neglected A time vvhi li a comoauv of Mor. were on duty in a nil:::: ' commanding officer lived in near the market pl.o e. i me ho heard a great si rcinrnc an, tion and looking o it h. s.iu running away troni the in.uk--ns their legs could carrv tic m lllR out to investigate the - .' c trouble he found that two vbe . were cleaning out the mark, t lluy claimed that thev ha. I ! cd. So thev slmplv drew th. i- and away went all tie Filipinos, tie. lie house irnin eomilie V voue as fa--t i m "o Of tie s' . 1 lie, -heel us-' , i-Io-h'- dacsei s .'.11 ike on the father The Moro women are as good fighters as the men. As they dress almost ex a.'tlv the same. It Is Impossible to dis tinguish between them ill battle. The Moros have a very awkward hab , it of running amuck, or going Jura-, liientido, that Is. the.v.Ktart out with th Intention of seeing how many men they can kill before they fall. So one of them uloire will dash into a camp of sohners and begin slashing right and left with his bolo. In the confusion and surprise thev often succeed in do In considerable damage before thev pay the prhe of their religious fanaticism. The .Moros are not onlv better fight ers ihan the other Filipinos, hut thev are also better workers. IT-foro the ad vent of streetcars In Manila an attempt was made to Introduce Jinrickshaws: bit the Filipinos said they were not animals and tin one could be found who was Willing to pull them. In Zamboamro. however, the Moros gladly adopted them and are even better than the Japanese as jinrickshaw men. The Visayans. i here are seven principal tribes of Christian Filipinos. Inhabiting distinct s. ctlons of the archipelago! The Vlsav ans. Inhabiting the large Islands of Panay. Hamar. N'ogros. Leyte. llohol.' are about S.OOO.000 in number. The Tan alogs living In the provinces around Manila, consider themselves the most Intelligent. Thev number about 1 .leu -ihiii The Pamnangans. Pangasinunes. Zamhalans. Hicols and Ilocanos. ali liv on the, island of Luzon. In some cas-a All Filipinos are smaller than the av erage American and all have flat noses. They have legend which Rives the or igin of their flat noses and small size. They say that when God was molding all the different races out of clay he had a small piece left which lie was go ing to throw away but on second thought de-cliled to "make It Into a Fili pino. lA'hlle the Images were standing in the sun to dry the devil slipped up behind and pushed' the Filipino down and mnshod his nose so they have had flat noses ever since. Thoy might well hav added that the devil knocked them down before they were scareelv- formed nn-1 someone has been trampling on them and trampling on them and grinding them In tile dust ever since. There are few f ul I -1 1 . .oded Filipinos except among the mountain tribes. The low-landers are n mixture of Spanish, Chinese and Filipino blood. The dif ferent tribes do not mix with each other. ,. Tagalog would never marry n Pampangan or llorano, but all of thorn mix freely with both Chinese and Span ish The Chinese seeni to make the best mixture. A large number of their professional men Hre Chinese mestizos. Most of the Spanish Vnestlzo girls are very handsome, but Indolent, while tha boy's are the leaders In the Insurrection movements and have always het n the troublemakers. The Chinese mestizos like their fathers are quiet. Industrious and law abiding. Few of the Filipino i are .merchants, as they freely confess that they cannot compete with the Chinese. The Chinese have scattered out all over the Islands, and In evorv little village .on will find one or more Chinese stores. taurant In Manila to buy a loaf of bread When the i-lnk laid It on tho countef to wrap It -ip (he native aoueezeil It with his dlrtv hands, and salo, "I don C believe this ia good. Let me try that other loaf." Of course an American clerk would r ot stand for that and th Filipino felt quite, insulted. Another thing which spoils one's ap petite Is the way they handle meat. In tho first place no heef (te(a to th market until the animal Is too old to -work or has died by accident. I wa.1 once Invited to a big dinner. Just as wo eat down I asked my neighbor what; was the occasion for the feast. Ha told me that a cow had fallen Into a well and drowned, so thev had a blc dinner to help get rid of the meat. Nat-' orally I lost my appetite at once. In tho markets the but. hers are too lazy ' to scrape their blocks, so they allow th dogs to lick them oiean. Probably no other people can equal, tho Filipinos In the frequency of their' feasts. Deaths, births marrlagote anil holidays of all kinds are celebrated by feasts whose magnificence depends only upon tho amount of money thev have can borrow. Marrlaire celehratlona often last a week or more, the feasting and dancing alternating with each other day and night Home of the dishes), served at their feasts are very fine, while others do not especially appeal to an American. No dinner Is complete without roast pig. which Is prepared somewhar after the stvlo of a barbecue. They cean the pig and stuff him with vegetables of different kinds: then a' pole with a crank on one end Is run through the mouth and body and tha pla- Is roasted over an open fire. Tho. pole rests on two forked sticks. By means of the crank the pig is turned over and over and browned equally on all sides. The skin becomes verv crisp, while the meat ia Juicy and delicious. Filipino Dinner. A Filipino dinner consists principally of meat with only a few vegetables. Thn meal ends with custard or preserved fruit. As the dish Is passed around tha table each guest takes a bito and puts the spoon bark tn the dish. I wag once invited to be the guest of honor at a feast. This was soon after my arrival tn the islands when I had not yet lenrned much about the customs of the country. The waiters began bring ing In the food In courses and always missed the dish to me first. I thought that, tn show my good will I would take a little of each course as It was served: but the courses seemed unlim ited in number, for they would go back to the first and begin again. Finally I whispered to a native at mv side and asked if they would never stop brlnglnsr in the food. He said. "Yes, as soon as vou mdii ii'-iiiiip yourseii. i reiuseu the next course and stopped the dinner. apparently much to the relief of some of the other guests. I urt wh human heads. Insto,' of the seal, they go one step the Indians, 'and take th of 1 lo ir v icfinis When waois to marry In- must pr us pr.iverr and his worth n. ss of love by presenting his prospective bride wlfh the 'c'los of one or more men. tak. n from r-s!.l.n;s of some ignnorit.ir town. !-.- more heads .e What Langley A )Vl' T THIS time when has been stirred nan t leal by C'o a Fort Move- Yii., tho Sin It hsvmi.m general interest In things aero irshlps tests at ami elsewhere. ln.s;ltuto baa Really Accomplished Navi efation m Aerial brought together and published, to meet tie (-onq it .!: land, four papers by the late S P. I.anglev. issued originally. can get. tie better 1 - ads net u r.il 1 v- cc. Ing on the pnrt or reas.M and counter i.iid forth between no: nor ot tj nc, , Is the Igor.otes. also f.v ern pait of Luzon. Th been paraded ov or the 1 tv i ica 1 natives, hat t hi- the Fl!:;il-;,, The !os :s-s some l - i.itlv.-s rmds a re The two of .i few hard fee. of the d m h;ick WIl s. t ribos north- iustlcf Inst s session of the a hill -was proposed o; in ion of the , i or ex hint ti.,n l cans h-iviiig cf -da lives 'hrlst 1: no ia me nortti- se ponce rtv.-. r.ited States as 1" a una; 1n- At , eglslative assemblv pr.-'ihf.-g th.- ex- r.ono ',r 1st j.i :i ; r ii.-s P" " Most Amor! nevr sen the hrtte- class believe that all Fillnhi.n are Lice the Igormtes. hut su-h Is far from lh truth. The Igorrotes are not" I for their fondness f..r .1oi meat c-j part about them Is that Instea 1 fat c i rl on : of eating tin mm h prefer Inn h Fpe.-lmen hew of linos admit their f. d'Ucacy hut It Is tha flog rvt is i among all classes 11- fed dogs, tl 'ia. ha 1 f - stan h'- clvilltM-d Fl miles f two in 1 S '.' T . 11 yi In 1 902 and 11"' and aci a ra t"l y plishe.i by 1.1m a i-i,::s:nii nun a ii .1 fi.viug mac. lire Profoeso- l-llie the ploio 1 nv. -i nier.tT with nia. that wen- . , t hoi I- o' n c n s :ne.I a lei ' . i : ' a- I n u'.M-te: .; ma h -ca rr v lot n.a ma ' e t. i . efn; eac ,. keeping in t lasted The first were n.ale iav a so The three orl v en i.v s-mn f n e o , g ' n ars ago. and the others w 1,','h tell cor.clsely ust w h.rt w as aocom 1 his associates In the test ing f an actual pap. kiii v it. nil r,ls r.x a v. as icat. tol admittedly and experi ii r than air gi.t only by a. ' e p. r g v He d e -- et hi small models r . lei of a la I ger i.e v hh h repeate-tlv gets of half a unie a'.;" as long as fuel f those ioiig flicots 1 Mi. ov or 1 2 yeai a smail aerodromes, two and the third by gaso e for ioni time been Iron th-- nevertheless a n verv common of natives. this fa t dish Live in Mountains. As th Igorrotes ilve high np In ta .'mountains. thlr rice fields are neoo. sirtly ctiftnii-tr-d at a ens: of a -rent deJ cf labor Great stone trraoos are buil? up the side of th mount If snd wafr n hrov.fr t from cinsld' rahle distances m li'igstlo-, dtth. I.o;-g tefo-e the Pp..nt--d rm t- the Islandi th IrorroKs wre irlrc eir'uiaa of gotten -ojt of th mountains of on exhibition tlo'i ir. useviin. The .ever long U f -re r. ev -r been la in tie lauo h Co t v o t --Is I I-r 5. i'o.f-R the off li l is o to other ' los A few fig : ma.-hine. gtv.-i t ore t' n g In v I In the I'nlted States na- .a : g- f Mr La iUOi l.ed. si iTlne. built not g lev ' deaf h, h.a a i -ma k en ri n !ng i o. tat. is at each of p il, t,.. r 7 ar.d 1 .-pm- fact that was evident to f the wht uejiartment and w Itnesses res i.lntinc to th larga i by Mr lmg'oy. are in- r of the t feont tests the m-v hln ley's experiments, vv years of exact si le,, plained In one of tl.i s oriiilnally In 1 v. ,' " Wha t Is p. p i ia r I y lug machine' Is lit without gas to suppo semblln g a lav !! !.. entor has c i ileo t ; . aerodrome ifi..n vv c. runner I Is. then, tie apparatus by Mr I the principle of its way reHomhle-s that Moats, because it i alt. while the ae:o times heavier ti.an machine ovv s 1 1 s principle -that i. which it runs n-.'-r oi thin ice Tvs n ,i ent 1 1 I ' of ST e - i ' s f n I tion to the an 1 1 n a sh : win, 1.1 !,- in reia'i m t : oil 1 1 n -t I rria l in the a : : "The es.svh, e cf its a t. Its motion, wit!:. at w I i '! remain, su .ik :id'-d It Is by a steam engine, cart fuel and :ts w.it.r supplv can be kept up indefinite! also, and by '.c.e r..ces,f S'-tion. rapld'v advvuaiing This may all I" a. In-,' abl.- True in taeorv. bit : c r-vlly known ttia. This hss orked out througl tifie stadv. Is .V h. ii- 11ft- de r- I I 1" t t he lis epoch-making researches In solar iiv-lis but for the last 10 years of I is life hi name was best known to il... wei ld at large by his expei lim nls m me.-'iarii.-al flight. "Mr I.atigley was the first to pro iiu.ee i tuachlne heavier than air will s'ir.norte.1 and nronelled by Its own i g:ne and possessing no extraneous lug or sustaining power, actually n m lnlopendcnt fight for a consider no!,- itistame. tills being acvatmpllshe for the fit st time on May ti. 1 S i . He a f torvv ar-ls constructed other models I: i . en t.v both steam and gasoline en ci!.. . which made frtmient successful ''iici fs and was thus the first to dem istiat. hv actual xpotience the pos :!r!n of 'rnech.iniea 1 flight. In lol.litlo-i ro building various tllilii ,;.s .md 'nachlres. tnos-t of which are r. ov on exl i' ition ':, the I'r.ited States V:Ci u.,.l mu'eum. Mr Largley recorded ) ; ; st i.ii.s ,iii,t . x p. r i ni.'it s In two to-h-; i fi ' vv . " k s Kl" I ilr n.ts I :i A e i o. i v - Chinese Needed. I'Vilnc-kv Is the traveler In need of shoos or clothes If he strikes a town which has no Chinese merchant. M mv of tho Filipinos have little tlendas or booths, along the road where you can buy fruit, tobacco or some kinds of na tive fool, but most of the large stores outside ,.f Manila Hollo. Cebu and .am- bo. logs are ow n- d b Rice and Fish. The food of tho common people con sists principally of rice and fish, with t little bit of boiled vegetable and fresh fruit. Only the upper class use tables. The poorer natives spread a lartfc mat on the floor and put. the pot of rice In the middle. The rice Is eaten with tha fingers. One day as I was passim? through a small town I aRked If I could get something to eat. As the natives out In the provinces arc very generous they gladly consented to feed me. They felt that since I was an American I ought to have at least a spoon to eat with, so one of the nun said he would borrow one. After being gone quite a while he returned and said that not a knife, fork or spoon was to he found in the town. I assured them that I was verv glad to eat with mv fingers, (in another occasion I was out on a hike and about noon passed a fish erman's hut where they were cooking rho and baking fish In the coals. I stopped and aske, for a bite to eat. Thev gave me a plate of rice but said thev had no forks or spoons. I began eating It with my fingers. One of tha bier girls watched me a minute and then said. "The American doesn't know how to cat rice He takes such small bites." So she put her hand in my plate, squeezed the rice Into large chunks, and said. "There now, you can eat better." Cooking Meals. test v itl en no O W I lilt is na'Klne " to hot :tl Chines met i no s .10 p.-r ' Filipino . A Chl- oont-'tlt ed -nt profit iocs not open very tny- plat- lonur nr. mi nSSO-d I.V th- get the ar'l fourth of t '. e pii.o Is great not have th argn in g ah his goods !? thin a wi 1 f, ten n rgue.l he can double or triple ted. As in all oriental oust never pay the pi b-o ealer. as vou run usuailv for one third or one iginal pr I A n I a Ft II d'sapr.ointed if he does i '.e..1si"'e of t j'kmg and t ' a i : V OS O'l have sfl- a long ;",, w the th' I time t r i n g ' , , o . -i ' i 's n superior U'el e sa'e is n'.n.f W fixed pr-. e For exan ;: "11 for Thr.e vine- of l;u! It dvvn and to beat do :v that af ' the t.hr-'C til Mrsi S a I f ' . s. n i a n i s Ii ternel Work ed i t bn of wh i- ' st t ut ;on in 1 ' na ! nsf iking not . e.j O tltUtl. f t- e : was hi. a i I.v as i - h he-" fold peifict Industrial whnnli m tablishe-l for these fxoplo. snd h firof poet for making useful citltn out of them Is verv brifht, The larrest H r tst ln-,r-'tnt oC the ron-Chrt5ian trlbea U the Veto. Inhabit lr part of tr. Island cf in-ds-vao The Mto are Mobamirejsrts and .arc by far th beat f'.fijtera la U.t 'Th- fix tng igt.t of , ompieti nth t t of ti e aeroau( was l. ; fw-unds. its austatr.'.i urfa-e. 1 04 0 a.j i' ar feet it therefore was provided mith .;ghtiv areater sustaining urfa. and renter, allv cPriiW rUt:1ve horso IKiifr than the nua-tor size rorsjol, which flew sue. essfwilv Tti braae horsr-ower of the engine Hi SI. tfie r.fln itself, -a-tthoi.t coH.lir.f iratr or fuel, -aelfheid approx ;m at ejv I kilrtram to tfe ho'iT"' The entire power plant. 1ncludir, "iwllrn water, ea.-hvir-tor t!tery etr , metfhed materially lesa iah fixe pounds to th horse power " Tr.a oij)erl)lrf prlncirl of Mr. Lar.f- Although some of Mr 1.1-t'- ti""! els had flown snort dltii' '" "' r ' a preferred to oonstdc r tne rs.t! t f M v 6. lx?f. over 1J v- ts ag... f - .... t aNove, ss th" first reali- sue sful one a. The model usl N ft " ic'ni ar-fit 12 .-r 14 feft f. -n 'r tip w-:rhln with f-.ei a-..t ! " ' ' ;ojrds. and drlv-:. tv .- of a Lttle ov r one h-rse j, wf Ali land-r Qreham Hi 1 i F''i t pc-r.ter ard others re w t--s this oi casl -n The n de f ew . flight a dh"taoeo. utiitntii to 1' at about J.tfr.i feet, or t Vnst than half a rrile Just what Mr. Ijr,gy a-d i work rtitidi for tn the seien-'ft' wor;i today Is very brlefW si.mr.ariied in tha in troduction to this reprint cf Ma papers, which la as follow. "The International fan-. ftT samel I'lt-rpont L-ar.tlr rest prircarily upD the n in 1 v:1. an.,! t ho Wind, the orl g p. 1 1 tssiosl bv the In- .1 Tie- eoplous and cs made by Mr Langley eoioiection with nts latest experi its In mi ( hmili 1 flight are now In irs. of j. repa ra :.l 0 a fer puhlieatlon 1 w ill be iss-ied by the Institution on ujl-tin. thus forming the third vol e , f ih's more technical aeries. Mr l.t glev also wrote a few oera--.il .-reilar pat.ers relating to this nt" iss of pi per '. m"l s. w hi. h were r.'.is! -1 n the Smithsonian reports ,1 ritmv'i. n. the former edhlons of ih are n w- quite exhiust.! In nr - Ti- mf 'he ever-Increa s I r g demand , hnrTHl nm on a suh'ect w hich Is w ..v.rci'g universal nttenflnn. and who'll Tt T ing'ev wis th pioneer., Tie-of t' 1 Sf !eB hv'"ltf1l' ti I srt'lcs are -e h- s.:Br t-.re"-er aid repr'r.tel ,in r a p c.e osve- h n-.u h tWO 1 cr ti t s and t often I ' e -v. ray enougl nave a char th . 1 ,d a -k a 1 f r an .., 1, H.. ;M thrcw ,ls -e net h a v h. ha' I irgnn a: itv or K- en are i.f- e. ggS cetit.i hl ill I alk for vvn the he nd et: t.l v os I vv , s .. ,,v w . . : t : 1 ask 1 o '1 n t s : i 1 id 1 ot " 1 r .t .. pr 1 -e. Most or the eooK1nr Is done on fires. Outside of Manila there are few Filipinos who havW ever used tiling except the native stove. A form three foot wide and six feet is built up about two feet high, at one etui of tho kitchen. This Is covered by about six Inches of dirt. Three stones give a nla -e to set the cooking utensils and a fire Is built between them. Need less to sav the smok" In the house Is almost unbearable and no doubt la responsible fur the gf. at prevalence of of the eves. Most of the coolc ne bv the men of Manila a h.del 1 an tin ix'i:v. s . for Ametlcp.-is wjtllu . in the to o lie'es the ones- supp! .11 In.g t 1 kmc .1 on ot t... d.ffl alt a Vlller sua !1 t to I d ..iii I ' Make Overcharge. M"t Ameri-an" will ptr a more thsn flie va: ;e rat or Tl ani argue so long, so the rat The Idea that we do rot .-are and thev nearly a.wavs ak Itant pr. -e The Fncl'sh nn ter of principle t ,t d iv l.H' t- t is S'linetlmes quite .t.h-m If tiiere are sev is in the sni" town they form l eoih and 1 .n a mess to A Fi'lf n . 00k ' '''I be had for '.1 .1 dlats a rn.-n'h. If the mes n M'll.iiH H C'llIiCSe COk 14 r imiif ot Tw-r.tv-flve dollars, in: pn liph ii is one of the -i.vhng tr. .n earth. If tn: wi' h-. tie American's ! '!tnc cook and his tiv's One of tm. h them ta Ir work Ther the potatoes mtt on to holL earlv In th lamt fire to boil, or 1 Supper is at n.1 Hi ! 1 .1 ma Pr.ai an. I e v an et.irb as a ma - ' , a s as P- I" ea- h more Her SympathT. From Life Little 1'cth was md iri-r a v:!t fi-nn her f,.-,, no r.vv oocsins f-vm the wert ir.e everdhf after the rhi'dm-n sail their pravfrs. their 'alk turned on h-.ven li'nrv. pick and JVh wished to kr.ow If t b-r would ro there when at "i"t t iv it';-r r 1 a s a i Thev i ro i m -raid f,, treat led W.ber an anTlrmaf fiven. little Ma -caret th ha-tfe4t -evmU-.y poor rod: ' lv e anwe- f. la;me"l trr to arlv as posif,le Th !v give the native a kt.k thev fee) like The F1l!t in Pranish mu'-h m oe i' r:i r. of f."eta-er In t'-e islaudi 1--e -.e ArtlTi 'Sn are if Ccm as t:e Sr.an'ar ls d '. F.a'h .'ri ..f anv s i has a market B 1 the uiidrg is fff.n ; :; an 1m posirg stjrnetijre i in, r.s-ket dar peo ple tome for rrtles ifatri a few esas or a p'g o fruit or anyth1f ther want to sell or exchange. Americans eldom huv food from t'.i market e opt hn It fs unavoidable as a few minutes wat hir.c will taH lilt your appetite VA hen a Filipino buys a b'S r 'lit or a rake or a piece of meat kve fir.gers over everr piea In the basket Kef ore h T-t en he ltll I oGce saw a native to Into CI ars. his hirk' . are! oek f. I - ''ev put tie V .- .'fee Is made : : n r : '' op 1 1, : 1 . e t a b ' e to e f t k .! and pla "e,i on the tabl4 Ton he -ervarf t - l'ght the lamp, onlvr '! L'.e lau p and oil can both emp- i iii ' ae mmn nair a mile lair, Wh, f servant l letsureW colnr af tr t'.e ,,; The slipper Is cooling and tha Ameri. sn trh s to decide what particu lar fo'm of lunacy lmplle.1 hln in have his dear old Vnlted 8Uts to surh a 'and as this. r.ut after bis supper Is orer iM the cigar- are pae aroand all hie roi M's are forgotten. The wnd murmur thmiah the palms, the bembooe sre wavinc laillr In the breese, the chlHreit are plavlni: 1wp f roc In the str' the orane Mosentns nt the eir witu prfune, and the land here ever Is a harvest reon burt.- with beauty At Jswt bis eifar is f IshexJ and h rrawl, tinder the tate u!t)netliti bed- Se(ioatiV neaavotiloaT. , From the 'WaahlrrtoB r? Br this time aorf e rre see !' that sherel ra eeow ie frefvj t tUfMac lawn sac err.
