THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING. AUGUST 23. 1908
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES?
Land Where All Manner of Man Dwells--Filipino Character Reverse of That of Natives That Daily Associate With Them Queer Trihcs and Their Stranger Customs
lea" m- t iwrii
1 :.'; .
tssagi lei.
J IT . .
KM
HOVATAIM PEOPLE
THE Philippine islands are one of
the must peculiar, na will ns one
Iof tlio mom Interesting; coun
tries existing In the world to
day. Ono who tins never x-ls-lted
on oriental countrv can scarcely
conceive of the conditions existing
there. The longer you study the peo
ple the less you know nhout them. If
you can ImaRlne a place whore all
your Ideas ore turned upsldo down and
Inside out you will have some Idea
of conditions as thev exist In the.
Philippines . Our acquisition of this
peculiar country was one of 1 1 . most
unexpected events in our national his
tory. Whip af broke out with Spain
In laSS. It was known tnat hc had a
fleet somewhere in the Pacific ocean
which might make trouble for rim
cities of this western const of the
United States. For a time all wns ex
citement. Veterans of the Civil mr
once mors felt the call of their coun
try and wanted to man the forts along
the coast. Admiral 1 lewey who was
then In Hongkong In command of our
Asiatic sijuadioii was ordered to fiud
and destroy the Spanish fleet.
Dewey's Victory.
The momnr.Thlo battle of Manila hay.
May I, 1S9R, destroyed "the power of
Spain and left the Philippine Islands on
our hands Not having enough troops
to hold the city, no attempt was made
to take Manila until reonforcemep.s ar
rived from the horn" bind. u August
33. 'he city su rpeiidererl to gen
eral Merrltt. and the blue and .gold of
Spain was replaced by the .stars ar.d
stripes. August 13 Is now a )"a! holl
dav In the islands, and is called Occu
pation day. It marks the beKi'nnlnp' of
American soverelcnt v over th tlanris.
At the time Iewev salhil into Manila
bay few Americans had ever heard of
I'the. Philippines, and even now ther-
are not many who have n clear Ulca of
the size and location of our island pos-
. sessions-
The islands are about 2 Ooo Jj num
ber, many beinK too small to b' in
habited. They extend from the fourth
to the 20th decree north latitude, a
distance of over l.Ofln mllis. To reacn
thom from Portland you would need to
travel west neatlv one-third of the
distance annuel llo- eatlh, aod south
i shout 2 500 miles, or three times as
( far iis from Portland to San Pi a.n Is.-o.
Manila, the largest cltv, contains a
ftopulation ff over 'noo,UtiO jieople. It
s about 700 miles further south than
Honolulu or I lontrkongr and 300 miles
norlu of Panama.
Not So Large as Oregon.
The total area of the Islands Is about
2.", ami square miles, or one and one
third times as lri;e as Oregon. Luzon,
the greatest irland. containing 47.00)
miuare miles Is n little larger than
Pennsylvania. Mindanao, with 3f.opo
square miles. Is larger than Itniiana.
Sc.ires of islands contain from 2."tt to
8,0(iii Miuare miles. The islands have
a population of about X. 000. 000 people;
no exact census has ever been taken,
as many of the wild tribes live up in
the inaccessible mountains, and their
riumbei can only be estimated. There
are 15 times as many people to the
square mile as in Oregon, anj the coun
try could easily support 10 times as
many more
The original Inhabitant' were called
Negritos. meaning "little negroes."
They are a small, black, curly-headed
tribe who have been driven back into
the mountains by the larger and more
lnteMle;eut Malays. There are still a
few Negritos left, and In some parts
of the Islands they are quite numerous.
The province W Isabela In the north
ern part of I,u7,on contains ma.n . and
they may bo found In most of th-a
mountainous districts of the Islands.
In spite of .Too years of contact with
the Spaniards they have made very
little progress toward civilization.
For the ethnologist the Negrito forms
a very interesting study. In some re
spects he resembles the black man ' f
Africa, but Is smaller and his lips ara
thinner.
The members of the race are the
smallest race of people on arth. The
1 v-iZ
.it
m I i t . s. it ; n.' i
r.
1 ' .'.;
A COMSTJLB 17DZL R V &OLDIER.
to
edn
seeral
sr h on Is
in fa II in
latclies
1"
hut
wild
a t i o n
attempts
hut their
e A fei
of rice
The Spanish priests
nost of
beasts.
made
to establish Negrito
efforts tilways ended
of them plant small
and sweet potatoes,
them live almost like the
When Magellan Carrie.
The majority of the present Inhabi
tants of the Philippines belong to the
brovni race, best authorities agree that
from the larger Islands to
'something less than 1,000
They found the land poo
N"giitos; but their larger
erior degree of civiliza
t;te newcomers to drlvi
from tie i lowlands li.rk
lesiialile mount-iin dfs-
they cune
t'ne south,
years ago.
pled with
siz an 1 sup.
tlotl enabled
the Neurit..
into tile less
nieis. When .Magellan discovered the
I'liillppines In l,,21 the natives had
already reached a certain degree of
civilization. They had a primi'lvo form
of writing, lived In villages ami coin-
men seldom reach a height of four
feet, eight Inches, and the women ar-
I correspond Ingly smaller. Some of the
more civilized Negritos build small
I houses and live In v illages, but most
iof them live out In the mountains
i wandering from place, to place In search
of food.
Inirlng the winter the Negritos some
times cut a few large leaves and Inrm
a temporary roor to shelter tnetr naku
bodies from the coldest of the rains
They are expert hunters with the bow
and arrow; they alS" uSe spears and
traps. When they kill a deer or n IM
hog thev camp on the spot until It Is
eaten up. 1 h"V otten cntcrt nsii w.tn
their hands. They stand In a r,nrr..w
ripple for hours, especially at night,
holding their hands (n the water wit"
their fingers spread out, and are quite
Bucressful In landing the fish that
I attempt to go up tr down the stre.un.
I once pave a pocket mirror to a
Negrito woman. It was the first l
had ever seen, she ms grrailv pleased
n-lth It She would "0"k In it and .-v.
"M-am1ang a ' ' iow r.e,vit If .1 1
ami Ihev nocrate xc.e.r ooues wnn
scars made by cutting the skin with a
knife
I.Ike all Filipino the Negritos are
fond of chewing hnvn which m.ikes
their mouth and teeth very red and
u ?ly.
Eeg in Town.
Near the tew n of San Jose In Antlqu
province Is a sma'.l village of Negritos.
On certain da s of the mon'h thy
iress up in ail their splerdrr and nune
to ton to b"g A hand of begrars
resembles a plug ugly parade Som
of the men have only a pslr of trousers
made of flour sacks. m have k.oe
breeches and a h'gh silk hat. some
have red calleo trousers find a halt"!
stiff hat; others hove onlv a sh.rt n1
breach cloth with no hat af all Thev
111 wf dcn It, a seml-cn ie !n ti e
Street In front of voir ho i snd be.
fin their pitiful drawl. M ic'-o pobre
o. ualanr ssosao. ua.anjr pll.-ik. dim '
dlnero. darjie siosao.. rr. cho pre
kn." (I am rery peer. 1 have no
food. I ha- no monev. five me monv.
five me food, for I am rrr oon At
"tfht they start bsck to their rlliaif
arrylnf their plunder ronsist'.ra of
ktta ef.rars. wornoit 'loth and foo!.
I" -thla Tilla(re eontainlr.a- over J9 peo
ple there la not a man ho cn ra4
r write.
j Th Nurltoa hare never taken kJixPy
pared very tavorablv with our own
American Indians .it the time ti.ry
were discover', by ( 'ol urnlui s.
Magellan with 21 nun -noted to
help one of the nativ il'Je;.; ;a a bat
tie against a neighboring e m v, but
the brave man n noei es'J ,r... t . 1 tha
stn ngth of his opponents and fell n
victim to the spear of his foe. In the
city of (Vim Is a large cross tnonm.-.l
on a marble base on which Is Inscribe. 1
the leg-end that hero Is the spot wnere
Magellan first held mass In tic Phll
l pines. Near this spot Is a large
church which contains the image cnlh-.I
the T.ho'k Child." one of the most
famous of the Images in the Philippines.
It IS Suppose,) to ,;n I'lilllc from
Mexico unaided and Is able to cure all
manner of diseases.
The Filipinos re divided roughlv
Into Christian and mei I 'h riM I i n. . The
noii-i 'hrlst ia n include the Negritos, the
Igorrotes, the Morns and a la;;;e num
ber of unimportant nueintaln tribes.
Perhaps one of the most Interesting
of these Is the lb-ad-Hunter tribe, liv
ing up in the Inaccessible mountains
cf lionguet and Ahra In the north cen
tra! part of Luzon hi aceount of the,
extreme dan"! l""w- white men have
ever visited this part of the country.
Funston's Capture.
At the time Agulnaldo was fleeing
from Ceneral Funstop he was driven
hai k into the mountains ami was fin il
ly captured In the very heart of the
Head-Hunter district This tribe Is
very n lid and uncivilized It has re
ceived Its name from their curious cus
tom of riecoratlng their cabins with
n.plv t iking
her than
ole he ill
"IS man
I'
v. j : ... -jc
- J, w nfca- vvk KM$&vi - '
tstw j
WHERE fTAGELL AN V'J' 1 I
NA TI VJP JfOCScTB
C "-ssA I J $ ' is - . s iter
tng for their lives. The market was
not opened again until the Muro.i left
town.
Natnrallv, the Moro soldiers prefer
to fight against the christians but they
nr" often used In hunting down hands
of their own people After a band of
troublesome robbers had been cleaned
up. the oTfloer In charge of the compnnv
noticed that, one of his Moro soldiers
with a group of his companions around
him wns nearly splitting his sides with
laughter. Through an Interpreter the
officer found out the cause of his mirth
If seemed that the father and brother
of the soldier had been very Indignant
when he joined the armv of the Ameri
cans, and ha. I threatened Ilia life If he
did not desert;
onlv a river divides one tribe from tha
other, yet the dialects are as different
ns.hrench and German. Kach of these
tribes hates the other with an almost
Inconceivable hatred, and each hopes
some day to become the predominant
tribe In the Philippines. At present the
Ilocanos. living In the north central part
of Luzon, are Increasing very rapldlv
In number. They are spreading, out in
every direction, encroaching- on both
Tngalog and Pampahgan territory. When
they feel that they are becoming; too
crowded In any place they usually emi
grate In a band sufficient to establish
a new village. Ho today we find Ilocano
villages scattered ovor th provinces
of Tarlae. Pampanga, Hulacan, Nueva
KcIJa and others.
Gruesome Joke.
It happened that
the band which had
and. said the soldh
my brother and my
fight, and I lulled
mvself'" Anil thev
a great
God and the Clay.
the family was In
just been attacked,
r, "My father and
uncle were In tin
all three of them
thought It was
I'
"lack cfjiizrr CHs&cft a? .arjurraxsiNo
Philippines Spain was never able to
subjugate thctn, and Wc n,it:ht almost,
say Hint wc are subjugating them about
as fast 'S we ext et m i na t them. So
greatly qo the other l-'ll i ;1 m.-s four them
that a .h z.-n of Morns could go Into a
town of 20,000 people and drive every
thing before them.
town
luali
w in-,.-t
ii.c
1 aid
other
w n .
m
United States Policy.
The 1'nlted states has adopted the
policy of enlisting them r.s soldiers In
the constabulary. A ear or so ago a
compnnv of Moios was t..kr.n to the
island of Sim.ir to help .lean out the
Pulajanos. As soon as the natives heard
that Moro soldiers were In
ilows and doors were closed.
was suspended, the streets di '
llll Olltslde Wlll'k neglected A
time vvhi li a comoauv of Mor.
were on duty in a nil:::: '
commanding officer lived in
near the market pl.o e. i me
ho heard a great si rcinrnc an,
tion and looking o it h. s.iu
running away troni the in.uk--ns
their legs could carrv tic m
lllR out to investigate the - .' c
trouble he found that two vbe .
were cleaning out the mark, t
lluy claimed that thev ha. I !
cd. So thev slmplv drew th. i-
and away went all tie Filipinos, tie.
lie
house
irnin
eomilie
V voue
as fa--t
i m "o
Of tie
s' . 1 lie, -heel
us-'
, i-Io-h'-
dacsei s
.'.11
ike on the father
The Moro women are as good fighters
as the men. As they dress almost ex
a.'tlv the same. It Is Impossible to dis
tinguish between them ill battle.
The Moros have a very awkward hab
, it of running amuck, or going Jura-,
liientido, that Is. the.v.Ktart out with th
Intention of seeing how many men they
can kill before they fall. So one of
them uloire will dash into a camp of
sohners and begin slashing right and
left with his bolo. In the confusion
and surprise thev often succeed in do
In considerable damage before thev pay
the prhe of their religious fanaticism.
The .Moros are not onlv better fight
ers ihan the other Filipinos, hut thev
are also better workers. IT-foro the ad
vent of streetcars In Manila an attempt
was made to Introduce Jinrickshaws:
bit the Filipinos said they were not
animals and tin one could be found who
was Willing to pull them. In Zamboamro.
however, the Moros gladly adopted them
and are even better than the Japanese
as jinrickshaw men.
The Visayans.
i here are seven principal tribes of
Christian Filipinos. Inhabiting distinct
s. ctlons of the archipelago! The Vlsav
ans. Inhabiting the large Islands of
Panay. Hamar. N'ogros. Leyte. llohol.'
are about S.OOO.000 in number. The Tan
alogs living In the provinces around
Manila, consider themselves the most
Intelligent. Thev number about 1 .leu -ihiii
The Pamnangans. Pangasinunes.
Zamhalans. Hicols and Ilocanos. ali liv
on the, island of Luzon. In some cas-a
All Filipinos are smaller than the av
erage American and all have flat noses.
They have legend which Rives the or
igin of their flat noses and small size.
They say that when God was molding
all the different races out of clay he
had a small piece left which lie was go
ing to throw away but on second
thought de-cliled to "make It Into a Fili
pino. lA'hlle the Images were standing
in the sun to dry the devil slipped up
behind and pushed' the Filipino down and
mnshod his nose so they have had flat
noses ever since. Thoy might well hav
added that the devil knocked them down
before they were scareelv- formed nn-1
someone has been trampling on them
and trampling on them and grinding
them In tile dust ever since.
There are few f ul I -1 1 . .oded Filipinos
except among the mountain tribes. The
low-landers are n mixture of Spanish,
Chinese and Filipino blood. The dif
ferent tribes do not mix with each
other. ,. Tagalog would never marry
n Pampangan or llorano, but all of thorn
mix freely with both Chinese and Span
ish The Chinese seeni to make the
best mixture. A large number of their
professional men Hre Chinese mestizos.
Most of the Spanish Vnestlzo girls are
very handsome, but Indolent, while tha
boy's are the leaders In the Insurrection
movements and have always het n the
troublemakers. The Chinese mestizos
like their fathers are quiet. Industrious
and law abiding. Few of the Filipino i
are .merchants, as they freely confess
that they cannot compete with the
Chinese. The Chinese have scattered
out all over the Islands, and In evorv
little village .on will find one or more
Chinese stores.
taurant In Manila to buy a loaf of bread
When the i-lnk laid It on tho countef
to wrap It -ip (he native aoueezeil It
with his dlrtv hands, and salo, "I don C
believe this ia good. Let me try that
other loaf." Of course an American
clerk would r ot stand for that and th
Filipino felt quite, insulted.
Another thing which spoils one's ap
petite Is the way they handle meat. In
tho first place no heef (te(a to th
market until the animal Is too old to
-work or has died by accident. I wa.1
once Invited to a big dinner. Just as
wo eat down I asked my neighbor what;
was the occasion for the feast. Ha
told me that a cow had fallen Into a
well and drowned, so thev had a blc
dinner to help get rid of the meat. Nat-'
orally I lost my appetite at once. In
tho markets the but. hers are too lazy '
to scrape their blocks, so they allow th
dogs to lick them oiean.
Probably no other people can equal,
tho Filipinos In the frequency of their'
feasts. Deaths, births marrlagote anil
holidays of all kinds are celebrated by
feasts whose magnificence depends only
upon tho amount of money thev have
can borrow. Marrlaire celehratlona
often last a week or more, the feasting
and dancing alternating with each other
day and night Home of the dishes),
served at their feasts are very fine,
while others do not especially appeal to
an American. No dinner Is complete
without roast pig. which Is prepared
somewhar after the stvlo of a barbecue.
They cean the pig and stuff him with
vegetables of different kinds: then a'
pole with a crank on one end Is run
through the mouth and body and tha
pla- Is roasted over an open fire. Tho.
pole rests on two forked sticks. By
means of the crank the pig is turned
over and over and browned equally on
all sides. The skin becomes verv crisp,
while the meat ia Juicy and delicious.
Filipino Dinner.
A Filipino dinner consists principally
of meat with only a few vegetables. Thn
meal ends with custard or preserved
fruit. As the dish Is passed around tha
table each guest takes a bito and puts
the spoon bark tn the dish. I wag
once invited to be the guest of honor
at a feast. This was soon after my
arrival tn the islands when I had not
yet lenrned much about the customs of
the country. The waiters began bring
ing In the food In courses and always
missed the dish to me first. I thought
that, tn show my good will I would
take a little of each course as It was
served: but the courses seemed unlim
ited in number, for they would go back
to the first and begin again. Finally I
whispered to a native at mv side and
asked if they would never stop brlnglnsr
in the food. He said. "Yes, as soon as
vou mdii ii'-iiiiip yourseii. i reiuseu
the next course and stopped the dinner.
apparently much to the relief of some of
the other guests.
I urt
wh
human heads. Insto,' of
the seal, they go one step
the Indians, 'and take th
of 1 lo ir v icfinis When
waois to marry In- must pr
us pr.iverr and his worth n. ss of
love by presenting his prospective
bride wlfh the 'c'los of one or more
men. tak. n from r-s!.l.n;s of some
ignnorit.ir town. !-.- more heads .e
What Langley
A
)Vl'
T THIS time when
has been stirred
nan t leal by C'o a
Fort Move- Yii.,
tho Sin It hsvmi.m
general interest
In things aero
irshlps tests at
ami elsewhere.
ln.s;ltuto baa
Really Accomplished
Navi efation
m
Aerial
brought together and published, to meet
tie (-onq it .!: land, four papers by
the late S P. I.anglev. issued originally.
can get. tie better
1 - ads net u r.il 1 v- cc.
Ing on the pnrt or
reas.M and counter
i.iid forth between
no: nor ot tj nc, ,
Is the Igor.otes. also f.v
ern pait of Luzon. Th
been paraded ov or the 1
tv i ica 1 natives, hat t hi-
the Fl!:;il-;,,
The !os
:s-s some
l - i.itlv.-s
rmds a re
The two
of .i few
hard fee.
of the d
m h;ick
WIl s.
t ribos
north-
iustlcf
Inst s
session of the
a hill -was proposed
o; in ion of the ,
i or ex hint ti.,n l
cans h-iviiig
cf -da lives
'hrlst 1:
no ia me nortti-
se ponce rtv.-.
r.ited States as
1" a una; 1n-
At ,
eglslative assemblv
pr.-'ihf.-g th.- ex-
r.ono ',r 1st j.i :i ; r ii.-s
P" " Most Amor!
nevr sen the hrtte- class
believe that all Fillnhi.n
are Lice the Igormtes. hut su-h Is far
from lh truth. The Igorrotes are not" I
for their fondness f..r .1oi meat c-j
part about them Is that Instea 1
fat
c i rl on :
of eating tin
mm h prefer Inn h
Fpe.-lmen hew of
linos admit their f.
d'Ucacy hut It Is
tha flog rvt is i
among all classes
11- fed dogs, tl
'ia. ha 1 f - stan
h'- clvilltM-d Fl
miles f
two in 1 S '.' T . 11 yi
In 1 902 and 11"'
and aci a ra t"l y
plishe.i by 1.1m a
i-i,::s:nii nun a ii .1
fi.viug mac. lire
Profoeso- l-llie
the ploio 1 nv. -i
nier.tT with nia.
that wen- . ,
t hoi I- o' n c n
s :ne.I a lei ' . i : '
a- I n u'.M-te: .;
ma h -ca rr v lot n.a
ma ' e t. i . efn;
eac ,. keeping in t
lasted The first
were n.ale iav
a so The three
orl v en i.v s-mn
f n e o , g ' n
ars ago. and the others
w 1,','h tell cor.clsely
ust w h.rt w as aocom
1 his associates In the
test ing f an actual
pap.
kiii v
it.
nil
r,ls
r.x a
v. as
icat.
tol
admittedly
and experi
ii r than air
gi.t only by
a. ' e p. r g v He d e --
et hi small models
r . lei of a la I ger
i.e v hh h repeate-tlv
gets of half a unie
a'.;" as long as fuel
f those ioiig flicots
1 Mi. ov or 1 2 yeai a
smail aerodromes, two
and the third by gaso
e for ioni time been
Iron
th--
nevertheless a
n verv common
of natives.
this
fa t
dish
Live in Mountains.
As th Igorrotes ilve high np In ta
.'mountains. thlr rice fields are neoo.
sirtly ctiftnii-tr-d at a ens: of a -rent
deJ cf labor Great stone trraoos
are buil? up the side of th mount If
snd wafr n hrov.fr t from cinsld' rahle
distances m li'igstlo-, dtth. I.o;-g
tefo-e the Pp..nt--d rm t- the Islandi
th IrorroKs wre irlrc eir'uiaa of
gotten -ojt of th mountains of
on exhibition
tlo'i ir. useviin.
The .ever
long U f -re
r. ev -r been la
in tie lauo h
Co t v o t --Is I
I-r 5. i'o.f-R
the off li l is o
to other ' los
A few fig :
ma.-hine. gtv.-i
t ore t' n g In v I
In the I'nlted States na-
.a : g- f
Mr La
iUOi l.ed.
si iTlne. built not
g lev ' deaf h, h.a
a i -ma k en ri n
!ng i o. tat. is at each of
p il, t,.. r 7 ar.d 1 .-pm-
fact that was evident to
f the wht uejiartment and
w Itnesses
res i.lntinc to th larga
i by Mr lmg'oy. are in-
r of the t feont tests
the m-v hln
ley's experiments, vv
years of exact si le,,
plained In one of tl.i s
oriiilnally In 1 v. ,'
" Wha t Is p. p i ia r I y
lug machine' Is lit
without gas to suppo
semblln g a lav !! !..
entor has c i ileo t ; .
aerodrome ifi..n vv c.
runner I Is. then, tie
apparatus by Mr I
the principle of its
way reHomhle-s that
Moats, because it i
alt. while the ae:o
times heavier ti.an
machine ovv s 1 1 s
principle -that i.
which it runs n-.'-r
oi thin ice Tvs n ,i
ent 1 1 I ' of ST e - i ' s f n I
tion to the an 1 1 n a sh :
win, 1.1 !,- in reia'i m t :
oil 1 1 n -t I rria l in the a : :
"The es.svh, e cf its a t.
Its motion, wit!:. at w I i '!
remain, su .ik :id'-d It Is
by a steam engine, cart
fuel and :ts w.it.r supplv
can be kept up indefinite!
also, and by '.c.e r..ces,f
S'-tion. rapld'v advvuaiing
This may all I" a. In-,'
abl.- True in taeorv. bit :
c r-vlly known ttia. This hss
orked out througl
tifie stadv. Is .V
h.
ii-
11ft-
de
r-
I
I 1"
t
t he
lis epoch-making researches In solar
iiv-lis but for the last 10 years of
I is life hi name was best known to
il... wei ld at large by his expei lim nls
m me.-'iarii.-al flight.
"Mr I.atigley was the first to pro
iiu.ee i tuachlne heavier than air will
s'ir.norte.1 and nronelled by Its own i
g:ne and possessing no extraneous
lug or sustaining power, actually n
m lnlopendcnt fight for a consider
no!,- itistame. tills being acvatmpllshe
for the fit st time on May ti. 1 S i . He
a f torvv ar-ls constructed other models
I: i . en t.v both steam and gasoline en
ci!.. . which made frtmient successful
''iici fs and was thus the first to dem
istiat. hv actual xpotience the pos
:!r!n of 'rnech.iniea 1 flight.
In lol.litlo-i ro building various tllilii
,;.s .md 'nachlres. tnos-t of which are
r. ov on exl i' ition ':, the I'r.ited States
V:Ci u.,.l mu'eum. Mr Largley recorded
) ; ; st i.ii.s ,iii,t . x p. r i ni.'it s In two to-h-;
i fi ' vv . " k s Kl" I ilr n.ts I :i A e i o. i v -
Chinese Needed.
I'Vilnc-kv Is the traveler In need of
shoos or clothes If he strikes a town
which has no Chinese merchant. M mv
of tho Filipinos have little tlendas or
booths, along the road where you can
buy fruit, tobacco or some kinds of na
tive fool, but most of the large stores
outside ,.f Manila Hollo. Cebu and .am-
bo. logs are ow n- d b
Rice and Fish.
The food of tho common people con
sists principally of rice and fish, with t
little bit of boiled vegetable and fresh
fruit. Only the upper class use tables.
The poorer natives spread a lartfc mat
on the floor and put. the pot of rice In
the middle. The rice Is eaten with tha
fingers. One day as I was passim?
through a small town I aRked If I could
get something to eat. As the natives
out In the provinces arc very generous
they gladly consented to feed me. They
felt that since I was an American I
ought to have at least a spoon to eat
with, so one of the nun said he would
borrow one. After being gone quite a
while he returned and said that not a
knife, fork or spoon was to he found
in the town. I assured them that I
was verv glad to eat with mv fingers,
(in another occasion I was out on a
hike and about noon passed a fish
erman's hut where they were cooking
rho and baking fish In the coals. I
stopped and aske, for a bite to eat.
Thev gave me a plate of rice but said
thev had no forks or spoons. I began
eating It with my fingers. One of tha
bier girls watched me a minute and then
said. "The American doesn't know how
to cat rice He takes such small bites."
So she put her hand in my plate,
squeezed the rice Into large chunks, and
said. "There now, you can eat better."
Cooking Meals.
test
v itl
en
no
O W I
lilt
is
na'Klne "
to
hot
:tl
Chines
met i no s
.10 p.-r '
Filipino
. A Chl-
oont-'tlt ed
-nt profit
iocs not
open
very
tny-
plat-
lonur
nr.
mi
nSSO-d I.V th-
get the ar'l
fourth of t '. e
pii.o Is great
not have th
argn in g ah
his goods !?
thin a wi 1 f,
ten n rgue.l
he can double or triple
ted. As in all oriental
oust never pay the pi b-o
ealer. as vou run usuailv
for one third or one
iginal pr I A n I a Ft II
d'sapr.ointed if he does
i '.e..1si"'e of t j'kmg and
t '
a i :
V OS O'l
have sfl-
a long
;",, w
the
th' I
time t r i n g
' , , o . -i ' i 's n
superior U'el
e sa'e is n'.n.f
W fixed pr-. e
For exan ;:
"11 for Thr.e
vine- of l;u!
It dvvn and
to beat do
:v that af '
the t.hr-'C
til
Mrsi
S a I f ' . s. n i a n i s
Ii ternel Work
ed i t bn of wh i- '
st t ut ;on in 1 '
na ! nsf iking not .
e.j O
tltUtl.
f t- e
: was
hi. a i
I.v
as i - h
he-"
fold
peifict Industrial whnnli
m tablishe-l for these fxoplo. snd h
firof poet for making useful citltn out
of them Is verv brifht,
The larrest H r tst ln-,r-'tnt oC
the ron-Chrt5ian trlbea U the Veto.
Inhabit lr part of tr. Island cf in-ds-vao
The Mto are Mobamirejsrts
and .arc by far th beat f'.fijtera la U.t
'Th- fix tng igt.t of
, ompieti nth t t of ti e aeroau( was
l. ; fw-unds. its austatr.'.i urfa-e. 1 04 0
a.j i' ar feet it therefore was provided
mith .;ghtiv areater sustaining urfa.
and renter, allv cPriiW rUt:1ve horso
IKiifr than the nua-tor size rorsjol,
which flew sue. essfwilv Tti braae
horsr-ower of the engine Hi SI. tfie
r.fln itself, -a-tthoi.t coH.lir.f iratr or
fuel, -aelfheid approx ;m at ejv I kilrtram
to tfe ho'iT"' The entire power
plant. 1ncludir, "iwllrn water, ea.-hvir-tor
t!tery etr , metfhed materially
lesa iah fixe pounds to th horse
power "
Tr.a oij)erl)lrf prlncirl of Mr. Lar.f-
Although some of Mr 1.1-t'- ti""!
els had flown snort dltii' '" "' r ' a
preferred to oonstdc r tne rs.t! t f M v
6. lx?f. over 1J v- ts ag... f - .... t
aNove, ss th" first reali- sue sful
one a. The model usl N ft "
ic'ni ar-fit 12 .-r 14 feft f. -n 'r
tip w-:rhln with f-.ei a-..t ! " ' '
;ojrds. and drlv-:. tv .-
of a Lttle ov r one h-rse j, wf
Ali land-r Qreham Hi 1 i F''i t
pc-r.ter ard others re w t--s
this oi casl -n The n de f ew .
flight a dh"taoeo. utiitntii to 1'
at about J.tfr.i feet, or t Vnst
than half a rrile
Just what Mr. Ijr,gy a-d i work
rtitidi for tn the seien-'ft' wor;i today
Is very brlefW si.mr.ariied in tha in
troduction to this reprint cf Ma papers,
which la as follow.
"The International fan-. ftT samel
I'lt-rpont L-ar.tlr rest prircarily upD
the
n in 1 v:1. an.,! t ho
Wind, the orl g p. 1 1
tssiosl bv the In-
.1 Tie- eoplous and
cs made by Mr Langley
eoioiection with nts latest experi
its In mi ( hmili 1 flight are now In
irs. of j. repa ra :.l 0 a fer puhlieatlon
1 w ill be iss-ied by the Institution on
ujl-tin. thus forming the third vol
e , f ih's more technical aeries.
Mr l.t glev also wrote a few oera--.il
.-reilar pat.ers relating to this
nt" iss of pi per '. m"l s. w hi. h were
r.'.is! -1 n the Smithsonian reports
,1 ritmv'i. n. the former edhlons of
ih are n w- quite exhiust.! In nr
- Ti- mf 'he ever-Increa s I r g demand
, hnrTHl nm on a suh'ect w hich Is
w ..v.rci'g universal nttenflnn. and
who'll Tt T ing'ev wis th pioneer.,
Tie-of t' 1 Sf !eB hv'"ltf1l' ti I srt'lcs are
-e h- s.:Br t-.re"-er aid repr'r.tel ,in
r a p c.e osve-
h
n-.u h
tWO 1
cr ti t s
and t
often I ' e -v.
ray enougl
nave a char
th
. 1 ,d a -k a
1 f r an
.., 1, H..
;M thrcw
,ls -e
net h a
v h.
ha'
I
irgnn
a:
itv or
K- en
are i.f-
e. ggS
cetit.i
hl ill I
alk for
vvn the
he nd
et: t.l v os
I vv , s
.. ,,v
w . . : t : 1
ask 1 o
'1 n t s
: i 1
id 1 ot
" 1 r .t
.. pr 1 -e.
Most or the eooK1nr Is done on
fires. Outside of Manila there are
few Filipinos who havW ever used
tiling except the native stove. A
form three foot wide and six feet
is built up about two feet high, at one
etui of tho kitchen. This Is covered by
about six Inches of dirt. Three stones
give a nla -e to set the cooking utensils
and a fire Is built between them. Need
less to sav the smok" In the house Is
almost unbearable and no doubt la
responsible fur the gf. at prevalence of
of the eves. Most of the coolc
ne bv the men
of Manila a h.del 1 an tin
ix'i:v. s . for Ametlcp.-is wjtllu .
in the to o lie'es the ones-
supp!
.11
In.g
t 1
kmc
.1
on ot t...
d.ffl alt
a Vlller
sua !1
t to I
d
..iii
I '
Make Overcharge.
M"t Ameri-an" will ptr a
more thsn flie va: ;e rat or Tl
ani argue so long, so the rat
The Idea that we do rot .-are
and thev nearly a.wavs ak
Itant pr. -e The Fncl'sh nn
ter of principle
t ,t d
iv
l.H'
t-
t
is S'linetlmes quite
.t.h-m If tiiere are sev
is in the sni" town they
form l eoih and 1 .n a mess to
A Fi'lf n . 00k ' '''I be had for
'.1 .1 dlats a rn.-n'h. If the mes
n M'll.iiH H C'llIiCSe COk 14
r imiif ot Tw-r.tv-flve dollars,
in: pn liph ii is one of the
-i.vhng tr. .n earth. If
tn: wi' h-. tie American's
! '!tnc cook and his
tiv's One of
tm. h them ta
Ir work Ther
the potatoes
mtt on to holL
earlv In th lamt
fire to boil, or
1 Supper is at
n.1
Hi
! 1
.1 ma
Pr.ai
an. I
e v
an et.irb
as a ma -
' , a s as
P-
I"
ea- h
more
Her SympathT.
From Life
Little 1'cth was md iri-r a v:!t
fi-nn her f,.-,, no r.vv oocsins f-vm the
wert ir.e everdhf after the rhi'dm-n
sail their pravfrs. their 'alk turned on
h-.ven li'nrv. pick and JVh wished
to kr.ow If t b-r would ro there when
at
"i"t t
iv it';-r r 1 a s a
i Thev i ro i m -raid
f,, treat
led W.ber an anTlrmaf
fiven. little Ma -caret
th ha-tfe4t -evmU-.y
poor rod: '
lv e anwe-
f. la;me"l
trr to
arlv as posif,le Th
!v give the native a kt.k
thev fee) like The F1l!t in
Pranish mu'-h m oe i' r:i r.
of f."eta-er In t'-e islaudi
1--e -.e ArtlTi 'Sn are if
Ccm as t:e Sr.an'ar ls d '.
F.a'h .'ri ..f anv s i has a market
B 1 the uiidrg is fff.n ; :; an 1m
posirg stjrnetijre i in, r.s-ket dar peo
ple tome for rrtles ifatri a few esas
or a p'g o fruit or anyth1f ther
want to sell or exchange. Americans
eldom huv food from t'.i market e
opt hn It fs unavoidable as a few
minutes wat hir.c will taH lilt your
appetite VA hen a Filipino buys a b'S
r 'lit or a rake or a piece of meat kve
fir.gers over everr piea In the basket
Kef ore h T-t en he ltll I
oGce saw a native to Into CI ars.
his
hirk' .
are!
oek
f. I - ''ev put tie
V .- .'fee Is made
: : n r : '' op 1 1,
: 1 . e t a b ' e to e f
t k .! and pla "e,i on the tabl4 Ton
he -ervarf t - l'ght the lamp, onlvr
'! L'.e lau p and oil can both emp-
i iii ' ae mmn nair a mile lair,
Wh, f servant l letsureW colnr af
tr t'.e ,,; The slipper Is cooling and tha
Ameri. sn trh s to decide what particu
lar fo'm of lunacy lmplle.1 hln in
have his dear old Vnlted 8Uts to
surh a 'and as this.
r.ut after bis supper Is orer iM the
cigar- are pae aroand all hie roi
M's are forgotten. The wnd murmur
thmiah the palms, the bembooe sre
wavinc laillr In the breese, the chlHreit
are plavlni: 1wp f roc In the str'
the orane Mosentns nt the eir witu
prfune, and the land here ever
Is a harvest reon burt.-
with beauty At Jswt bis eifar is f
IshexJ and h rrawl, tinder the tate
u!t)netliti bed-
Se(ioatiV neaavotiloaT. ,
From the 'WaahlrrtoB r?
Br this time aorf e rre see !'
that sherel ra eeow ie frefvj t
tUfMac lawn sac err.