Morning Oregonian., May 21, 1917, Page 2, Image 2

THE 3IORXING OKEGOXIAN,
3JOXDAY, 3IAY 21, 1017.
3500 AEROPLANES;
00
IN
WANTED
Cadet Ooiirses to Be Taught
in Six Colleges and Nine
Fields to Be Equipped.
ZEFPEUNS NOT INCLUDED
Government Aims to Have Output
Doubled Second Year Develop
ment of Suitable Engine Is
Important Problem.
WASHINGTON, May 20. Formal an
nouncement of the government's policy
as to all types of aircraft except Zep
pelins was made today by the Council
of National Defense through Howard E.
Coffin, member of the Council's advi
sory commission and head of the Air
craft Production Board, recently
created.
The object aimed at for the first
year, according: -to Mr. Coffin, is the
production of a minimum of 3500
training and battle aeroplanes; the- ed
ucation of from 5000 to 6000 aviators,
and the doubling or more of the pro
ducing capacity during the second year.
Associated with Mr. Coffin on the
production board are Brigadior-Clenera 1
Squire, chief signal officer of the Army;
Rear Admiral Taylor, chief constructor
of the Navy; S. D. Waldon, formerly
vice-president of the Packard Motor
Car Company; E. A. Deeds, formerly
general manager of the National Cash
Register Company, and R. L. Montgom
ery, of Philadelphia.
Training Plan Drawn.
The board will co-operate with the
joint Army and Navy board on designs
and specifications of aircraft which
will pass on all questions of design
and military character.
Other plans include the establish
ment of nine aviation training fields,
three of which already have been se
lected by the War Department and con
struction work on which will begin at
once. Each will provide for two aero
squadrons of 1G0 men each and have
hangars and shop equipment for 72 ma
chines. It will cost approximately
SI, 000,000 to equip each field.
Six American colleges are to give
cadet courses to classes of 600 student
aviators each, making 3600 men who
will be under instruction in these pre
liminary courses by July 1. The first
classes opened May 10. The cadets are
entering the classes at the rate of 25 a
week.
Cadet Course Requires 4 Months.
The cadet course will take approxi
mately four months, to be followed by
six weeks or more of practical training
at the aviation fields. The six insti
tutions giving the courses are the uni
versities of California, Texas, Illinois,
Ohio, Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology and Cornell University.
Mr. Coffin declared the greatest
problem was to produce battlecraft,
which means that suitable aeroplane
engines for this purpose must be devel
oped by American manufacturers.
American engineers will have to de
velop engines for battlecraft, Mr. Cof
fin said, as French and British con
cerns have all they can do to supply
their own armies. A five-pointed white
star with a red center, set on a circular
field of blue will designate all aircraft
of the American Navy under orders is
sued today by Secretary Daniels. .
NITRATES HELD TOO HIGH
Secretary Houston Advises Against
Purchase By Government.
WASHINGTON, May 2 0. Secretary
Houston has explained his objection to
a project for the Government to pur
chase nitrates for sale to the farmers,
on'tho ground that the investment
would be a poor one for growers be
cause of high prices of nitrate.
Chilean nitrates, Mr. Houston says,
are obtainable this year in small quan
tities at high prices, and the shortage
of ocean tonnage makes it impractic
able to get it. The Senate has passed
a bill appropriating $10,000,000 for Gov
ernment purchase of the nitrates, but
the -measure has been held up by ob
jections in the House. '
TWO STEAMERS COLLIDE
Memphis Damaged and Returns to
Port lor Repairs.
BOSTON, May 20. The steamer
Memphian, of the Leyland- line, bound
from Liverpool for this port, was re
ported in cablegrams Saturday to have
collided with another steamer in the
Irish sea while proceeding at full speed
with lights out. It was said that the
forward section of the Memphian was
badly damaged and she returned to
port for repairs.
No statement of Injury to any pas
sengers or crew was made.
ITALIANS HOLD NEW GAINS
Austrian Mass Counter Attacks on
Julian Front Repulsed.
ROME, via London, May 20. General
Cadorna's forces yesterday extended
their positions on Hill 652, on the
Julian front, repulsed counter attacks
of dense masses of Austro-Hungarlan
troops and captured a large quantity
of war material, says today's official
statement.
East of Gorlzla the Italians broke
through the Austrian lines and took a
number of prisoners.
GERMAN CAPTAIN GUILTY
Jury Finds Plot to Disrupt Traffic
in Munitions "Was Fostered.
NEW YORK, May 20. Captain Franz
Rintelen, of the German navy and
David Lamar and Henry B. Martin
were found guilty here tonight by a
Jury in the Federal Court on charges
of having conspired in 1915 to disrupt
the munitions traffic between this
country and the entente allies.
The Jury disagreed as to four other
defendants.
ALLIES TO BE DEVOURED
(Concluded on Page 5. Column 2.)
been demonstrated clearly. It la con
atdered now, by the course of the war
Following in the footsteps of Bismarck
who used the Franco-Prussian war al
liance to bring Baden. Bavaria and
Wurttemburg into the German confed-
pire, Emperor William chose war as
the means of establishing the broad
pathway to the southeast which was
essential for realization of the dream
of a great Germany.
Austria !iw Province.
The subjugation of Austria-Hungary,
which would have presented a diffi
cult task under ordinary circumstances,
became in these circumstances com
paratively simple. A polyglot combi
nation of states having little in com
mon and apparently held together only
by the . decaying genius of the ageef
cmpcrur, f ran jtuepn, me ouat mon
archy was regarded everywhere as
the verge of dissolution.
Austria-Hungary's submission is now
declared to be complete, both in a mili
tary and economic sense.
The German officers commanding
her armies, abetted by political and
industrial agents scattered through the
country by Germany, evidently are
holding the Austrian and Hungarian
populations in a union which neither
the hardships of war, the death of
the Emperor nor the inspiration of
outside influences such as the Russian
revolution, can break.
Serbia Promised to Bulgaria.
Bulgaria's decision of war on the side
of Germany was actuated by a German
diplomatic coup which In itself is re
garded as further evidence that a clear
road through to the Dardanelles was
considered In Berlin as a primary and
imperative purpose of the war.
It is pointed out that tbe only con
crete cause for action set forth in the
Bulgarian war parliament Is "the cen
tral powers have promised us parts of
Serbia, creating an Austro-Bulgarian
border line." Creation of such a Junc
tion, now well established by the Aus-tro-German-Bulgarlan
armies, breaks
down a hitherto formidable barrier to
German expansion southeastward.
In the case of Turkey, German domi
nation is believed here to be even more
complete than in Austria-Hungary an'd
Bulgaria. Not only have German offi
cers led In defending Turkish territory
and in eradicating inharmonious ele
ments, such as the Armenians and Syr
ians, but it has been learned that Ger
man industrial organizers have taken
a firm grip on Turkish industry and a
large delegation of German professors
has been sent to spread German culture
among the population.
HIGH EXPLOSIVE ON SHIP
VESSELS SEIZED FROM GEHMAXS
KOIXD E.NDAHGERED.
Sailor Kicks Five-Gallon Can, and
Finding it Filled, Reports to Of
ficers, Who Test Kxploslve.
PUGET SOUND NAVT YARD, Brem
erton, May 20. (Special.) Five gal
lons of nitro-glycerlne, enough not
only to blow the ship to pieces, but to
take the lives of hundreds of United
States sailors and destroy millions of
dollars' "worth of naval ships anchored
nearby, were found in a big can aboard
the German ship Saxonia, recently
brought here for safekeeping and re
pairs. Shortly after the Saxonla was
docked a bluejacket, walking down
the main deck, gave the can a kick to
see If it were empty.
Finding the can full the sailor re
ported to a petty officer, who at first
thought it was gasoline and reported
it to a superior officer. As a matter
of routine Government experts ana
lyzed the contents of the can and
found it pure nitro-glycerine. It was
removed to the ammunition depot at
Ostrich Bay.
Whether the finding of the can frus
trated a plot to explode it by mechan
ical means or whether the persons
placing it there thought that some such
tct as the kick of the sailor would ex
plode it by accident is an open Ques
tion. The Saxonla is 4424 tons, of the Hamburg-American
line, and was interned
at Eagle Harbor, near Seattle, at the
beginning of the European war. When
war was declared between the United
States and Germany she was placed in
the custody of the Navv Denartment
and was brought to the Navy yard
about 10 days ago.
CHINESE LABOR OFFERED
SIX COMPANIES WOllD
AMERICAN FARMER.
AID
Telegram to Defense Council Admits
Suggestion Is Vnusual. but
Adds Times Are Vnusual.
SAN FRANCISCO, May 20 Declar
ing thai. China might not be able to aid
in a military or financial way. but is
desirous of "assisting in every way
possible the world war for democracy
and humanity." the Chinese Consoli
dated Benevolent Association, famil
iarly known as the Chinese Six Com
panies, sent a lengthy telegram to the
Council of National Defense tnnioht
offering to introduce Chinese labor
imo me untteo btates to replace farm
workers who go to war. In the tele
gram it is stated that the organization
would agree to denort all hn
brought b;n the period of need
The Chinese Six Companies is the
recognized central body of Chinese res
idents of this country.
"If the Congress of the United States
should decide that, owing to the ex
traordirary conditions," reads the pro
posal, "it would be advisable to allow
the bringing into this country for a
limited period of such a number of ex
perienced Chinese farmers as may be
decided upon by Congress, we. who are
familiar with the various farming dis
tricts of China, will assist in every
possible way agreeable to your coun
try in selecting th men to be brought
here."
The telegram says that the society
Is aware that it is making- an unusual
suggestion, but remarks that "these
are unusual times."
ATHENS HAS LITTLE FOOD
Constant Disturbances Threaten to
Assume Alarming Proportions.
LONDON, May 20. In addition to the
bread famine that prevails In Athens
there is a great scarcity of all other
foodstuffs, Reuter's correspondent at
Athens reports. Since Thursday scarce
ly any meats or vegetables have been
on. the market and the small existing
stocks are selling at exorbitant prices,
making the condition of the poorer
classes pitiful.
Disturbances that threaten to as
sume alarming proportions are con
stantly taking place, says the corre
spondent, who attributes the deplor
able economic situation in large meas
ure to the cornering of provisions by
unscrupulous speculators. The gov.
ernment Is taking strong action in
this connection and already has discov
ered considerable quantities of con
cealed foodstuffs.
Six Torpedoboat Destroyers Ordered.
NE..PORT NEWS. Va. May 20
The Newport News Shipbuilding &
Drydock Company announced last
night that it had received an emer
gency contract for the construction of
six torpedoboat destroyers, similar to
the largest now in the United States
Navy. .The work, will begin. Immediately.
RDUrVlANIA LIKELY
TO ASK FOR PEACE
Incentive to Continue War Ex
pected to Disappear With
Weakening of Russia.
CALL ON AMERICA URGENT
One Good Result Kxpectcd From Dis
affection of Entente Ally Is
Almost . Certain Spread of
Spirit to Teuton Peoples.
BY JOHN CALLAN O'LAUGHLIN.
WASHINGTON, May 20. Russia's
revolution and the consequent weaken
ing of that nation as a factor In the
war unquestionably will force what is
left of Roumania to abandon the con
flict with the Central European powers.
But of greater importance to the
American people is the fact that events
in Russia Inevitably place a heavier
burden upon their shoulders.
The United States now more than
ever must act quickly, must, give
blood and treasure without stint
if the cause of democracy and hu
manity is to be triumphant. It is
talking in billions of dollars: it must
talk in terms of millions of men. The
army of 2.000.000 men about to be raised
will not save Great Britain. France and
Italy. An even greater army must be
created, an army whLh will re-enforce
those on the firing line and assure am
ple troops to replace terrible wastage.
The Ceptral Powers have compara
tively little to fear now from Russia
and Roumania. If conditions continue
along the lmes they are developing in
Russia, it is inevitable that there will
be disintegration, the establishment of
small local governments, the desertion
of troops on a vast scale and an ulti
mate situation which will produce a
separate peace. In this case Roumania
will be swallowed up. The government,
now at Jassy. will be overwhelmed and
either must make peace upon any terms
the conquerers may determine, or be
crushed.
Little Hone In Russia Held.
The United States, in concert with the
allied powers, are doing everything
they can to secure the development of
a government in Russia which will
dominate the internal situation and be
able to prosecute an offensive war
against the central powers. It Is hoped,
if the government continues powerless,
to create a committee on safety, some
thing like that organization during the
French revolution, which will raise and
equip armies and assume the offensive.
But it is feared this may prove impos
sible; that condition may become in
creasingly bad and that it will be a
long time before order is restored.
The United States .Is endeavoring to
support a government favorable to the
entente cause in several ways, as fol
lows: .
1. By the extensive use of money.
2. By the dispatch of the Root com
mission. S. By arguments to convince Russian
leaders that their country will pass un
der German control unless they get to
gether and organize vigorously for the
prosecution of the war.
Old Customs Hard to Uproot.
One hundred million dollars have been
loaned to the Russian government. This
money will be used first, to bolster up
the credit of the government, a highly
important necessity and. second, to nur-
chase supplies for the people and. above
an, ror tne army. Grart was the order
of theaday In Imperial Russia. A gov
ernment may be changed over night,
but a custom cannot be so promptly
set aside. As far as possible the expen
ditures of American money by Russia
will be checked, so as to see that the
people and the army get the value of
the loan.
If it should appear that tbe $100,000.
000 had been honestly spent and Is prov
ing effective In maintaining In power
the men who are working to keep Rus
sia in the war on the side of the allies,
then additinnjil lnnna will Ka -D ,
It is not intended, however, to throw
good money after bad. The United
States cannot afford to dump money
Into a country which may eventually
ally itself with our enemy, or at least
make peace with him.
When Mr. Root and his associates
left Washington, they realized that the
problem given them to solve was al
most Impossible of solution. It will be
necessary for them to display great tact
In interfering in the internal affairs of
another country.. Possibly the German
agents will seek to arouse Russian
pride against the United States and will
urge the people to insist that thev can
handle their own affairs wfthout for
eign advice.
The Germans already are spreading
throughout Russia the report that Mr.
Root Is a conservative and that Mr.
Russell, the Socialist, has been con
demned by men of his own nartv In the
United States. It will be difficult to
make the Ignorant Russian people real
ize the democracy of the former Secre
tary of State, to convey to them the ad
mirable exposition of democratic prin
ciples which he mide in a course of
lectures, and to correct the belief which
Is exceedingly strong that a separate
peace Is in their Interest.
Socialist on Opposite Side.
Mr. Russell, as fhe Socialist member
of the commission, will be placed in the
embarrassing position of opposing the
Russian Socialist programme of a world
movement In the interest of the prole
tariat and of urging that no such move
ment be advocated until after Germany
and Austro-Hungary shall be defeated.
The German Socialists who have their
headquarters at Stockholm and are act
ing under the shrewd direction of Count
von Bernstorff, former Ambassador to
the United States, unquestionably will
approve the Russian socialistio view
point and place upon the United States
and the countries allied with It the re
sponsibility for the continuance of the
war.
There is this bright side to the cloud
which the democratization of Russia
baa produced, the certainty that popu
lar unrest will develop in the territory
of the Central Powers. There Is no
boundary for Ideas. The fraternization
of Russians and Germans and Austro
Hungarians undoubtedly is bad for the
entente so far as the continuance of
the former in the war Is concerned: but
what the Germans and Austro-Hungar.
ians are hearing from the Russians is
apt to have an important influence
among the people of their country.
It is recalled that the Russian revo
lution 'of a decade ago, which gave the
nation the Duma, precipitated the revo
lution in Turkey. The revolution in
France, more than a century ago. af
fected the whole of Europe and brought
greater liberty to the people of the old
world. So far as the nations fighting
the Central Powers are concerned, how
ever, such movements take time to
eventuate. What Is desired, what' is
necessary now, is a strong militant
Russia, which will force defense upon
Germany and Austro-Hungary and pre
vent those autocracies from withdraw
ing troops from the East and reinfor
cing the armies on the West. " "
mm ssssss5 ifi i
allsenu.ne product, of the Victor SS ViiWiUi' e3W'V
I fslkinaM
10
10
REGULAR ARMY OPEN
Reservists to Have Chance to
Get Commissions.
TESTS SET FOR SATURDAY
Practice March and Drilling With
Arms to Be Features of Work
This Week 4000 Officer
Needed for Regulars.
SAJf FRANCISCO. Cal.. May 20.
(Special). Men at the Reserve Offi
cers' training; camp at the Presidio will
have an opportunity before the close of
the training period to take examina
tions for commissions as Second Lieu
tenants in the regular Army, Lieutenant-Colonel
Frederick W. Sladen. com
mander of the camp, announced today.
The examinations will be open to rec
ommended men between tbe ages of 21
and 27 years.
"The War Department has advised us
by telegraph that an examining board
will visit the camp at some time near
the end of the three-month training
period," Colonel Sladen said. "The pro
gramme marks a deviation from the
original plan to train men at the camps
to become officers solely of the new
Army, and is made necessary by vacan
cies caused by promotions of large
numbers of First and Second Lieuten
ants." The regular Army Is said to be short
4000 Second Lieutenants and if the rank
is recruited from men in the reserve
officers' training camps, it will increase
by 4000 the number of reserve officers
that will be called to active service at
the close of the camps.
Reorganization of the 15 companies
at the camp has been virtually com
pleted, and a roster of the units, which
will be permanent for the first five
weeks, will be issued today. . This
week, the men will receive their first
Instruction in the manual of the saber
and the manual of the bayonet, and
I. I 'i : :
; ' '
B'ff 3J "'Victrola' la Uis Registered Trade-mark of ths Victor TaDdac Machine Compear dasignsting the products of this Compear oats.
ijSVlwSft? Warning: Ths use of ths word Victrola upon or in ths promotion or sale ef '
'F5'p7! acr otocr Talking Machine or Phonograph, products is misleading and illegal. ;&t73
The' dashing
world's greatest bands
on the Victrola
You will be thrilled indeed by the band music that is
brought to you on the Victrola the music of the world's
greatest bands! It is just like having these famous organiza
tions actually parade before you:
16777
10 in. 75c
16899
Stars and Stripes Forever March
Fairest of the Fair March
Funiculi-Fonicula
O sole mio (Cornet Solo)
in. 75c 1
1695S
10 in. 75c
16959
10 in. 75c
f Apache Dance
Second Chasseurs March
Marsovia Waltzes
Amina Serenade -
1 7302 f Washington Post March
in. 75c ei c.n:, M.rK
1739S ( Whistlers Intermezzo
10 in. 75c Whistling Johnnies
179S7 ( National Emblem March
10 in. 75c Garde da Corps March
Hear this inspiring band music today at any Victor dealer's. He will gladly play any
music you wish to hear. And he will demonstrate the various styles of the Victor and
Victrola $10 to $400. '
'a
Victor Talking Machine Co., Camden, N. J.
Important Notice. Victor Records and Victor Machines srs scientiftcallr coordinated and srachranlssd
processes ot manulacture, ana tnelr use, one witA tne
New Victor Records deaio lialsd
will have one two-hour march, carry
ing a light kit. Here Is the course of
instruction for the week:
T:o to S A. M. Physical drill.
S:OR to P:85 Conference.
9:40 to 10:10 Beyonet exerclaes.
10:10 to 10:45 Semaphore signaling.
10:46 to VJ:15 Conferem-e.
1:30 to 2:30vP. M. Squad drill.
2:30 to 8 P. M. Poaltlon and almlnf.
S to 8:80 P. M Semaphore signaling.
8:80 to 4:30 P. M. Company drill.
7:14 to 0:13 P. M. Study period.
The saber drill will be held from
1:30 to 2:30 o'clock Thursday afternoon,
the practice march will be from 2:30 to
4:30 o'clock Friday afternoon and the
first examinations of the encampment
5Ss.355555S5S55SPEi51
I Ethel
i Barrymore
km
mm
BB
KB
mm
Ha
te-
reS
in
"THE CALL OF
HER PEOPLE"
a
a
a
mm
km
bb
mm
mm
a massive seven-part pic
turization of Edward
Sheldon's colorful drama,
"Egypt." ,
Also
"A RIAIDEN'S
TRUST"
another of those Mack
Sennett gloom-chasers.
Ka
a
rm
ana
a
aa
a
u
BM
KM
a
aa
MM
BM
KB
sa
Kit
mm
mm
jj Columbia jj
aa Sixth at Washington mm
EM KB
HHflBBBMHBMnMnnBBRRHI
music of the
Sousa's Basel
Souse's Band!
Vessella's Italian Band
Michel Rinaldi
Black Diamonds Band of London
Garde Republicaine Band of Franc
United States Marin Band!
Pryor'a Band
Sousa's Band
Sousa's Band!
Conway's Band
Conway Band
Pryor'a Band
Pryor'a Band
other, is absolutely essential to a perfect Victor
at all dealers M tke 28th ef sack ssamtk
will be held Saturday morning. All
squad and company drills this week
will be under arms.
Seattle Port Commerce $41,204,254
SFIATTT.K. Wsyh.. May 20. Seattle's
Special Excursions
BOSTON and return $119.20 May 28-29
ST. PAUL and return. .... 67.50 June 1- 2
DES MOINES and return. 74.35 June 6-7
CHICAGO and return 80.00 June 12-13
via
Great Northern Ry.
REGULAR SUM3IER EXCURSIONS
to
ST. PAUL. MINNEAPOLIS, DULUTII. SUPERIOR,
SIOUX CITY, OMAHA, ST. JOE, KANSAS CITY, ST.
LOUIS, CHICAGO, DETROIT, BUFFALO. CINCIN
NATI, PITTSBURG, WASHINGTON, D. C, PHILA
DELPHIA, NEW YORK, BOSTON and many other
points, on sale daily June 20th to SOth, inclusive, and
various dates thereafter throughout July, August and
September.
Write or call for additional information at
CITY TICKET OFFICE, 34S Washington Street, Portland
H. DICKSON,
C.P.&T.A.
Vv'ei
r'rrTimi
water-borne commerce during April
1917. was $4,870,161 greater than dur
Incr April, 191S. acrordlr.g to fin-ur
given out by the Port Warden. Com-
meree through this port last month
totaled J41.Ifi4.;S4.
Telephones:
Marshall 3071
A22S6
I