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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 18, 1915)
tttf: arouvTxo otifhoxiax. Thursday, marcii BLOCKADE LIMITED TO EUROPEAN SEAS SICK CHILDREN LOVE GASGARETS FOR THE BOWELS Text of Diplomatic Corre spondence With Warring Nations Is Givn Out. Give -'Candy Cathartic" for . a Bad Cold, Sour Stomach, Constipation. GERMAN PLAN REJECTED .Allies Persi6t in Intention to Pre sent Commerce With Enemy, but Say They Will Lighten Bnrdcn for Xentrals. ntlnued from Ttz 8 Inflicting: upon neutrals the damage that must be entailed when a vessel and its cargo are sunk without notice, ex amination or trial. 1 roust emphasize again that this measure is a natural and necessary consequence of the un precedented methods, repugnant to all law and morality, which have been de scribed above, which Germany began to adopt at the outset of the war and the effects of which have been coni atantly accumulating." ' 'American Ambassador. London. " -Order in council: Whereas, the Cerman government has Issued certain orders wmOh. in violation of the usages of war. purport to declare the waters surrounding the United Kingdom a military area, in which all British and allied merchant vessels will be de stroyed, irrespective of the safety of the lives of passengers and crew, and jn which neutral shipping will be ex posed to similar danger in view of the uncertainties of warfare; and 'Whereas, tn a memorandum ac companying the said orders neutrals are warned against entrusting crews, passengers or goods to British or allied ships. Retaliation Derided On. " 'Whereas, such attempts on the part of the enemy give to His Majesty an unquestioned right of retaliation; and 'Whereas. His Majesty has. there fore, decided to adopt further meas ures in order to prevent commodities of any lclnd from reaching or leaving tJrrmany, though such measures win be enforced without risk to neutral hlns or to neutral or noncombatant Jlfe, and In strict observance of the dictates of humanity: and "Whereas, the allies of His Majesty are associated with him in the steps now to be announced for restricting further the commerce of Germany, His Majesty is. therefore, pleased by and with the advice of his Privy Council to order and it is hereby ordered as follows: '1. No merchant vessel which sailed from her port of departure after March 1. 1915. shall bo allowed to pro ceed on her voyage to any German port. 'Unless the vessel receives a pass enabling her to proceed to some ncu tral or allied port to be named In the pass, goods on board any such vessel must be discharged in a British port and placed In the custody of the mar shal of the prize court. Goods so dis charged, not being contraband of war, shall, if not requisitioned for the use of His Majesty, be restored by order of the court, upon such terms as the . court may in the circumstances deem to be Just, to the person entitled there to. Payment To Come After War. '2 ?o merchant vessel which sailed from any German port after March 1, 1915. shall be allowed to pro ceed on her voyage with any goods on board laden at such port. " 'All goods laden at such port must be discharged in a British or allied port. Goods so discharged In a British port shall bo placed in the custody of the marshal of the prise court, and If not requisitioned for the use of His Majesty, shall be detained or sold under the direction of the prize court. The proceeds of goods so sold shall be paid into court and dealt with in such mai.-rr as the court may deem to be just. " Trovided, that no proceeds of the sale of such goods shall be paid out of the court until the conclusion of peace, except on the application of the proper officer of the Crown, unless it be shown that the goods had become neutral property before the issue of this order. " 'Provided, also, that nothing here in shall prevent the release of neutral property laden at such enemy port on the application of the proper officer of the frown. '3 Kvery merchant vessel which ailed from her port of departure after March 1. 1915, on her way to a port other than a German port, carrying goods with an enemy destination, or which are enemy property, may be re quired to discharge such goods in a Hrltish or allied port. Any goods so discharged In a British -port shall be placed in the custody of the marshal of the prize court and. unless they are contraband of war. shall. If not requisitioned for the use of His Majesty, be restored by order of the court, upon such terms as the court mav in the circumstances deem to be Just, to the person entitled thereto. Enemy Origin-' To Be PTObed." Provided, that this article shall not apply in any case falling within Article 2 or 4 of thts order. '4 Everv merchant vessel which ailed from "a port other than a Ger man port after March 1. 1915. having on board goods which are of enemy ori gin or are enemy property, may be re quired to discharge such goods In i British or allied port. Goods so dis charged in a British port shall be Placed in the custody of the marshal of tl'.e prize court and. if not requisi tioned for the use of His Majesty, shall be detained or sold under the direction of the prize court. The proceeds of goods so sold shall be paid Into court and dealt with in such manner as the court in the circumstances may deem just. 'Provided, that no proceeds of sale of such goods shall be paid out of coart until the conclusion of peace except on the aplication of the proper officers of the crown, unless It be shown that the goods had become neutral property be lor the Issue of this order. 'Provided, also that nothing herein shall prevent the release of neutral property of the enemy origin on the application of the proper officer of the crown. Court Procedure Set Fort. " '5. Any person claiming to be in terested in or to have any claim in re epect of any goods (not being contra band of war) placed in the custody of the marshal of the prize court under this order, or in the proceeds of such goods, may forthwith issue a writ tn uie prize court against the proper of ticer of the crown and apply for an order that the goods should be restored to him or that their proceeds should be paid to him. or for such other order as the circumstances of the case may requite. " . A merchant vessel which has cleared for a neutral port from a Brit ish or allied port or which has been allowed to pass, having an ostensible destination to a neutral port, and pro ceeds to an enemy port, 6hall. If cap tured on any subsequent voyage, be liable to condemnation. Nothing 1n this order shall be deemed to aflect the liability of any Get a 10-cent box now. Most of the ills of childhood are caused by a sour, disordered stomach, sluggish liver and constipated bowels. They catch cold easily, become cross, listless. irritable. teverlsh. restless, tongue coated, don't eat or sleep well and need a gentle cleansing of the bowels but don't try to force a nauseating dose .of oil into the little one's already stak stomach it is cruel, needless and old-fashioned. Any child wtll gladly take Cascarets Candy Cathartic which act gently never gripe, or produce the slightest uneasiness though cleanse tne inue one's system, sweeten the stomach a"nd put the liver and bowels in a pure, healthy condition. Full -directions for children and IrrAVn.llTM in enr.h nackace. - Mothers can rest easy after giving this gentle, thorough laxative which costs only 10 cents a box at any drug store. Adv. vessel or goods to capture or condem nation independently of this order. . ' -"8. Nothing in this order shall pre vent the relaxation of the provisions of this order In respect of the mer chant vessels of any country which de clares that no commerce intended for or originating In Germany orbelong lng to German subjects shal enjoy the protection of its flag.' "AMERICAN AMBASSADOR AT LON DON." The American Government trans mitted identic messages of inquiry to the Ambassadors at London and Paris inquiring from both England and France how the declarations in the Anglo-French note proclaiming an em bargo on all commerce between Ger many and neutral countr'es were to be carried into effect. rThe message to London was as follows: "Washington. March 6. 1916. In regard to the recent communications received from the British and. French governments concerning restraiuts upon commerce with Germany, please communicate with the British foreign office in the sense following: "The difficulty of determining action upon the British and French declara- tons of intended retaliation on com merce with Germany lies In the nature of the proposed measures in their rela tion to commerce by neutrals. Nature of Blockade Xot Denned. "While it appears that the inten tion is to interfere with and take into custody all ships, both outgoing and incoming, trading with Germany, which Is in effect a blockade of German ports, the rule of blockade that a ship at tempting to enter or leave a German port regardless of the character of its cargo may be condemned, is not asserted. "The language of the declaration is 'the British and French governments will therefore hold themselves free to detain and take Into port ships carry ing goods of presumed enemy destina tion, ownership or origin. It is not in tended to confiscate such vessels or cargoes unless they would otherwise be liable to condemnation.' "The first sentence claims a right pertaining only to a state of blockade. The last sentence proposes a treatment of ships and cargoes as if no blockade existed. The two together present a proposed course of action previously unknown to international law. As a consequence neutrals have no standard by which to measure their rights or to avoid danger to their ships and cargoes The paradoxical situation thus created should be changed, and the declaring powers ought to assert whether they rely upon the rules gov erning a blockade or the rules appli cable when no blockade exists. "The declaration presents other per plexities. The last sentence quoted in dicates that the rules of contraband are to be applied to cargoes detained. The rule covering non-contraband articles carried in neutral bottoms is that the cargoes shall be released and the ships allowed to proceed. This rule cannot, under the first sentence quoted, 'be ap plied as to destination. What, then, is to be done with a cargo of non-contraband goods detained under the declara tion? The same question may be asked as to conditional contraband cargoes. 'The foregoing comments apply to cargoes destined for Germany. Car goes coming out of German ports pre sent another problem under the terms of the declaration. Under the rules governing enemy exports only goods owned by enemy subjects in enemy bottoms are subject to seizure and con demnation. Tet by the declaration it is purposed to seize and take into port all goods of enemy "ownership and origin.' The word 'origin' is par ticularly significant. Tne origin oi goods destined to neutral territory on neutral ships Is not and never has been a ground for forfeiture, except in case a blockade is declared and maintained. What, then, would the seizure amount to in the present case except to delay the delivery of the goods? The dec laration does not indicate what dispo sition would be made of such cargoes If owned by a neutral or if owned By an enemy subject. Would a different rule be applied according to owner ship? If so. upon what principles pf international law would it rest? And UDon what rule if no blockade is de clared and maintained could tne cargo of a neutral ship sailing out of a Ger- nn Dort be condemned? II it Is not condemned, what other legal course is there but to release it? While this Government Is tuny alive to the possibility that the methods of modern naval warfare, particularly in the use of the submarine lor ootn defensive and offensive operations. may make the former means ot main taining a blockade a physical impossi bility, it feels that it can be urged with erest force that there should be also some limit to 'the radius of activity. and especially so ir this action oy tne hell liferents can be construed to be a blockade. It would certainly create a serious state of affairs, if, for example, an American vessel laden with a cargo of German origin should escape the British patrol in European waters, only to be held up by a cruiser off New York and taken into port at Halifax. "Similar cablegram seni w runs. "BRYAN." Freaeh Government Replica. The Frencn government transmitted the following message: oa-t. utorfh 14 1915. French gov ernment' replies as follows: " "In a letter dated jiarcn i your ex cellency was good enough to draw my attention to the views of the Govern ment of the United States regarding the recent communications from the v. a n.i,ieh governments con cerning a restriction to be laid upon commerce witn tiermany. Atuorums iu your excellency's letter, the declaration made by the allied governments pre sents some uncertainty as regards its application concerning which the Gov ernment of the United States desires to be enlightened in order to determine rhat attitude It stiouia taae. " 'At the same time your excellency n,ifi m rfcnt while ffrantinir the possibility of using new methods of re taliation againsi ine new use iw whih ment of the United States was some what apprehensive that the allied bel ligerents might if their action Is to m Ml' Released V lWM : '.. For Immediate Sale . 4 ) to the Public For Immediate Sale Four Hundred West Side Homebuilding Sites at Sacrificial Prices $100 to $700 Each!! Terms as Low as $50 Down, $ 1 0 Monthly. Ten Minutes' Ride From Broadway and Washington. Hard-Surface Streets, Gas, Water, Sewer and Streetcar Service. BUYERS ACT AT ONCE! A combination of circumstances decided the owners of KING'S HEIGHTS to place this beautiful homesite property on the market for immediate sale. To insure posi tive results prices have been made extremely low; in fact one-half and less of their assessed valuation. NOW IS THE TIME for you to get a sightly homesite at a ridicu louslv low price, and on very easy terms. Every lot at the price now asked is a genu ne barS l investment: FORTY TO EIGHTY PER CENT TAKEN OFF THE ORIGINAL PRICES, OR MORE THAN THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOL LARS on the whole property. On every site there is a sign with i the former price and sale price plainly marked. As a residential section, KING S HEIGHTS is ideal. High above the city proper, it commands a magnificent scenic outlook and is away from the noise, dust and other disagreeable features of city life, yet within a very short distance of the business district. Hard-surface streets and an excellent car service make it most accessible. The many villa plots and sightly homesites with gracefully winding streets and boulevards give ample opportunity for the expression of individual taste in architecture and landscape gardening. All building sites are sub ject to taxes and street improvements. THIS IS THE GREATEST CLEARANCE SALE OF VIEW HOMESITES EVER ATTEMPTED ON THE PACIFIC COAST DORR E. KEASEY & CO. Second Floor, Chamber of Commerce Building Dealers in Heights Property BUS'S r M M 1 I I, mJLU , i 1. rrn " i be construed as constituting a block ade) capture in waters near America any ships which might have escaped the cruisers patrolling European waters. In acknowledging receipt of your excellency's communication I have the honor to inform you that the gov., ernment of the republic hs not failed to consider this point as presented by the Government of the United States, and I beg to specify clearly the condi tions of application, as far as my gov ernment is concerned, ot the declaration of the allied governments. Blockade Methods Changed. "'As well set forth by the Federal Government, the old methods of block ade cannot be entirely adhered to in view of the use Germany has made of her submarines, and also by reason of the geological situation of that coun try In answer to the challenge to the neutrals as well as to its own adver saries, contained in the declaration by which the German imperial govern ment stated that it considered the seas surrounding Great Britain and the French coast on the channel as a mili tary zone, and warned neutral vessels not to enter the same on account of the danger they would run. the allied governments have been obliged to ex amine what measures they could adopt to interrupt alt maritime communica tion with the German Empire and thus keep it blockaded by the naval power of the two allies, at the same time, however, safeguarding as much as pos sible the legitimate interests of neutral powers, and respecting the laws of hu manity, which no crime of their enemy will induce them to violate. ' 'The government of the republic, therefore, reserves to itself the right of bringing into a French or allied port anv ship carrying a. cargo pre sumed to be of German origin, destina tion or ownership, but it will not go to the length of seizing any neutral ship except in case of contraband. The dis charged cargo shall not be confiscated. In the event of a neutral proving his lawful ownership of merchandise des tined to Germany, he shall be entirely free to dispose of same, subject to cer tain conditions In case the owner of the goods is a German, they shall simply be sequestrated during the war. Central Property RenpTtfd. " -Merchandise of enemy origin shall only be sequestrated when it is at the same time the property of an enemy. Merchandise belonging to neutrals shall be held at the disposal of ltsowner. to be returned to the port of departure. " 'As your excellency will observe, these measures, while depriving the enemy of important resources, respect the rights of neutrals and will not in any way Jeopardize private property, as even the enemy owner will only suffer from the suspension of the en joyment of his righte during the term of hostilities. " The government of the Republic, being desirous of allowing neutrals every facility to enforce their claims (here occurred an undecipherable group of words) give the prize court (an independent tribunal) cognizance of these questions, and in order to give the neutrals as little trouble as pos sible, it ' has specified that the prize tourt shall give sentence within eight days, counting from the date on which the case shall have been brought be fore it. - "I do not doubt, Mr. Ambassador, that the Federal Government, comparing, on the one hand the unspeakable violence with which the German military gov ernment threatens neutrals, the criminal actions unknown in maritime annals al ready perpetrated against neutral prop erty and ships and even against the lives of rfeutral subjects or citizens and on the other hand, the measures adopted by the allied governments of France and Great Britain, respecting the laws of humanity and the rights oX indi viduals, will readily perceive that the latter have not overstepped their strict rights as belligerents. Action Limited to European Seas. . ' "Finally, I am anxious to assure you that it Is not, and It has never been, the intention of the government of the Republic to extend the action ot, its cruisers against enemy merchandise be yond European seas, the Mediterranean included.' " The reply from the British Govern ment transmitted by the American Ambassador at London to the Secretary of State was as follows: "London, March IB, 1915. Following is the full text of a note dated today, and an order-in-council I have Just re ceived from Grey: (1) His Majesty's government have had under careful consideration the in quiries which under instructions from your Government Your' Excellency ad dressed to me on the 8tlv Inst., regard ing the scope and modeVf application of the measure foreshadowed in the British and French declarations of March for restricting the trade of Ger many. Your Excellency explained and Illustrated by reference to certain con tingencies the difficulty of the United States Government In adopting a defi nite attitude toward these measures by reason of uncertainty regarding, their bearing' upon the commerce of neutral countries. (2) I can at once assure your ex cellency that, subject to the paramount necessity of restricting German trade. His Majesty's government have made it their first aim to minimize incon venience to neutral commerce. From the accompanying copy of the order-in-council. which is to be published today, you will observe that a wide discretion is afforded to the prize court in dealing with the trade of neutrals In such man ner as may in the circumstances be deemed Just, and that full provision is made to facilitate claims by persons in terested In any goods placed in the cus tody of the marshal of the prize court under the order. I apprehend that the perplexities to which your excellency refers will for the most part be dissi pated by the perusal of this document, and it is only necessary for me to add certain explanatory observations. I'tmoat Dispatch to Be Uaed. "'(3) The effect of the order-in-council is to confer certain powers on the executive officers of His Majesty's government. The extent to which these powers will be actually exercised and the degree of severity wtth which the measures of blockade authorized will be put in operation are matters which will depend on the administrative or ders just issued by the government and the decisions of the authorities espe cially charged with the duty of dealing withjndividual ships and cargoes, ac cording to the merits of each case. The United States Government may rest as sured that the instructions to be Issued by His Majesty's government to the fleet and to the customs officials and executive committees concerned will Impress upon them the duty of acting with the utmost dispatch consistent with the object in view and of showing in every case such consideration for neutrals as may be compatible with that object which is, succinctly stated, to establish a blockade to prevent ves sels from carrying goods for or coming from Germany. " '4. His Majesty's government has felt most reluctant at the moment of Initiating a policy of blockade to exact from neutral ships all the penalties attaching- to a breach of blockade. In their desire to alleviate the burden which the existence of a state of war at sea must inevitably impose on neu tral sea-borne commerce, they declare their intention to refrain altogether from the exercise of the right to con fiscate shins or cargoes which belliger ents have always claimed in respect of breaches of blockade. They restrict their claim to the stopping or cargoes destined for or coming from the enemy's territory. Cotton Trade Held In Regard. ' '5. As regards cotton, full particulars of the arrangements contemplated have already been explained. It will be ad mitted that every possible regard has been had to the legitimate interests of the American cotton trade. " '. Finally, in reply to the penult! mate paragraph of Your Excellency's SKIN ERUPTION ITCHED JIDBURNEO On Face id Shoulders. Scratched and Made Worse. Great Disfig urement. Used Cuticura Soap and Ointment. Spots All Gone. R. F. D. No. 3, Box 9, Jopiln. Mo. "My trouble began first as little red spoU ap pearing on my skin. They affected my face and nouiaerm. - mnj and burned terribly. Then I would scratch them and It would make them worse. Mf i whole face and shoulders would be sorm. The eruption would born and itch espe cially when I would get in the sua and get very warm and whan I did my face would break out worse. It was a groat disfigure ment while it lasted. Some nights it kept me awake. I could hardly bear any cloth ing on my shoulder at all. "I tried several different remedies all in vain. I almost gave up trying when a friend advised me to use Cuticura Soap and Ointment. In a weak my face began to get better and in another two weeks the tpoti were all gone." (Signed) 111" Ala Scott. June 2. 1 91 4. Sample Each Free by Mall With 32-p. Skin Book on request. Ad dress post-card "Cuticura, Dept. T. Boo toa." Sold throughout the world. note, I have the honor to state that H is not intended to interfere with neu tral vessels, curry insc enemy cargoes of non-contraband nature vutsido Euro pean waters, including the Mediter ranean.' " Appended to the note transmitted by the American Ambassador at Iondon was a coty ot the British order-in-council previously made public. Tlie arboretum etbllahd at Wafhlnjiion In Rock Creek park, thtouh co-ojr-tion between th forem nrvir and th Dlttrlct of Columbia, now contains 1200 tr, com CLOSED m3p i f : ' ?PHI .,f- LOCKED UP TIGHT j Wright's Shoe Shop will be closed all day today, j Thursday, preparing the Goodyear stock for sale to the people. , POSTPONE ALL BUYING--WAIT ! See Tomorrow's Oregonian for Details of the Great- I est Shoe Sale in History. ' 244 Washington St., between Second and Third Sts.