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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 2, 1913)
14 ttiE MORNING OREGONIAN. WfiDXESDAT, JULY- 2, 1913. IVllDDLE GLASS IS NOTED EUROPEAN SCHOLARS ARE AMONG SPEAKERS AT CHRISTIAN CITIZENSHIP CONFERENCE. UP-TO-DATE DRESS BLAMED FOR SINS ave You a Family? ave You a $5 Smug, Self-Satisfied Set Tar get in Citizenship Confer ence Report. Immorality Among Men Due to Clothes of Women, Says Philadelphia Preacher. St . SOCIAL UNREST ANALYZED DIVORCES NOT ALL WRONG H VIEWED AS MENACE Si lt i V. ... - ff ' H Bi ? "World Leaders Conclude Labor Agi tators and Trust Magnates Not Greatest Perils to Society. Predictions Are Made. "la the last analysis the greatest menace to our Institutions today Is not the labor agitator nor tbe trust mag nate. The greatest menace to society Is the smug, Belf-Batlsfled middle-class, tbe standpatter, the people who are, in lalrly comfortable circumstances, who do not wish to be disturbed, who are quite satisfied with things as they are and who do r.o want any kind of a change if It moans that they are to be made to face some real social problem. These are the people who say 'Peace, peace, when, there Is no peace.' This is the group which would have the min ister preach the simple gospel. They would rather .have him preach about the poclal conditions of the ancient . Israelites, the Jesubltes and the 'Hltt ites than 'to talk about the social life of tire Urooklynltes, the Chicagoltes and tbo Plttsburgites." A burst of applause greeted, these words As they were read from the re port -of the labor and capital. Commis sion, of the World's Christian Citizen ship Conference at the First Presby terian Church . yesterday morning. The .report, which was read by Dr. R. B. Peery. president of Lincoln Col lege, Atohlson, Kan., was written by Dr. Charles -Stelzle, of New York, chair, man.- of the 'commission, the.other mem bers of which are John Henderson, M. P.ondon : Rev. Silvester Home, M. A., London; Frank Morrison. Washington. D. Ci Uaron Ph. X'rlsse, Brussels; Lord Klnnalrd. London; Qeor'ge W. Perkins, New York; Lr., Thomas. K. Carver, Cambridge,- Mass.-;. James Blmpson, Toronto. "Social I'STCat" Considered. Prom world-wide statistics the re port gathers world-wide conclusions, and every phase of the labor movement and' the thins called "social unrest" Is caretully considered and analyzed. "We talk about -capital and labor as though they were eynonymous," says the commission's-report, "but there are these differences: Capital -represents money; labor represents men; capital represents Invested Interests and -demands dividends; labor represents flesh, and blood and demands life." The growth, of thefioclallst-movement is, traced. The I, W. W. movement Is also analyzed, and its members, with those of., the 'employers' associations, are declared to constitute the two most radical elements in the present situa tion. Prediction la 3Iad. ...?'ho.report tn1' prediction that tho, final line-up in-the ranks of labor jnir.'liot be between the Industrial Workers of tho World and the trade unionists; it will be between the Bo lultBts. ana tho trades unionists,- with the ohancei In, favor of the Socialists. "Butmore serious than this win be the final line-up between capital and lebor. It will not be as one finds it today, between the trades unions- and the (manufacturers' associations, but between the manufacturers' associa tions and the Socialists. "Such at.con-fllot can be prevented only by squarely faolnir all the facts and then taking: intelligent action. The only way ti eradicate Socialism, if So cialism Is to be eradicated. Is to remove the conditions which have given rise to Socialism." The report gives the following final word as to the relation of the church to the industrial situation: "Wa may set it down as a funda mental principle that the church can not advocate any econ'omlo system, no matter what It may be. But when the workin man la making u fight for better living conditions, a reasonable number of hours' -employment, at liv ing wage, and a square deal in every other particular, he has a right to ln lat that the church shall come- out olefrty and specifically and take its taifd with Mm in the Btruggle." Conference Sidelights DR. EDWIN LYMAN DAVIS, of Pitts burg, is a poet. He puts in his spare time writing sonnets and prosecuting his plan for the amalgamation of . two branches of the Methodist Church. He Is -president-general of the Methodist Protestant Church a position which is equivalent to being a bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church. New Orleans is unique among cities in that her public schools are support ed by an endowment fund, created by the last wfll and testament of a man Jiamed McDonald. It was provided as fi10 Sftthe conilUon3 of the will that the Bible should be read every day in the schools. This. It seems. ls not be ing done. Dr. Richard Cameron Wy lie, of Pittsburg, came to Portland di rect from New Orleans, where, as presi. . nt v the Natlonal Reform Associa tion, he made an investigation which may result in a legal attack on the ad ministration of the will with a view to compelling compliance with its. provi sion concerning the reading of the fecrlptures, ,ThL illyL man llvlne and active who attended the first meeting of the Na tional Reform Association at Xenia, O. Is Dr. H. H. George, of Beaver Falls, Pa., who ls a delegate to the confer ence. The 60th anniversary of the or ganization of the National Reform, As sociation will be celabrated by the con ference, probably at Saturday's session. Mrs. George, who accompanies her hus- ?h-'ti.-S -r preslden the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Penn sylvania, and is considered one of the greatest individual forces In the tem perance movement in the United-States, One of the most notable features of the conference was the chorus of 85 native Chinese voices at yesterday's session. They will be assisted by Ng Poon Chew, the distinguished Chinese patriot. They a?e nearly all Portland born and are known as the Chinese Missions Chorus. Seld Back Jr ls their manager. ' ' -Tho c,orLference has its Jack-the-Boss. filler In the person of Dr. Edwin Heyl E.elki,of Philadelphia, who was one of the five ministers who took the first step in the campaign that after a five years fight terminated in the complete overthrow of the "organization" and YLe e ? on of a ref administration ! thx,M,yor, BUnkenburg at its head. The Philadelphia "organization," nead-.'v,"!1,- Durham, with Penrose ind McNichol as lieutenants, was con sidered the most perfect municipal po litical machine in the country. So amoothly and so silently did it work that Philadelphia was in the condition described by Lincoln Steffens as "cor- SLfa.,n .tj.. . ,nti.3--.,A.' -ris-nn t-": i "i ii i m i - - t irninini-iM - i i ' "" . . :. r, Vfe. .:-' r BaWJ 1 i . V-l f I ;--.,v . - . ' ..." f I ' .': " W,' !- V A : 1 I 1 "I j 1 i I " - :- V-'A 7 U ) l'-v-4 ; f i , U S"?J"2JERMO' ITAI V- EV. T. II. ACHESOS, . c.uumiu ,rK. 3. rKUFISSSUU B, A, WICHER. OF" rAMTCOIlVI UlTTlf rupt and contented." Dr. Delk and a' few other militant reformers woke up the town, and the "organization" crumpled. This Philadelphia preacher is regarded as the most practical poli tician among all the conference dele gates. "Treasurer for everything" is the title worn by James S. Tib,by, of Sharpsburg, Pa., who Is treasurer of the conference. Tears ago Mr. Tlbby, who ls a banker and business man, be gan to be. honored by being elected treasurer of various civic and benevo lent organizations of his community, so that now, when a new organization is perfected anywhere within many miles of Sharpsburg, Mr. Tibby usually finds that he has been chosen without opposi tion or salary to look after its finances. Also, he pays hf3 own expenses when he travels on "treasury" business. Marlon Lawrence, general secretary of the International Sunday School As sociation, will not be present to speak at the World's Christian Citizenship Conference. Mr. Lawrence was one of the party that sailed from Boston on June 12, en route for the World's Sun day School Convention at Zurich, Switzerland. Rev. Charles A. Phlpps, general secretary of the Oregon Sun day School Association, ls a member of this party, which landed at Naples a few days ago. . The officials of the conference have announced that arrangement will be made for registration of delegates, not only at the headquarters in the Ore gon Hstel, but also at the entrances of the stadium. It has been urged that all delegates take advantage - of the earliest opportunity to register, so that It will be possible for their friends to find them, or for messages sent to them to be delivered promptly. Rev. Arthur Leonard Waasworth, A. M., of South Pasadena, Cal., field editor of the Pacific Baptist, is in the city at tending the World's Christian Citizen ship Conference. He is registered at the T. M. C. A. WAR HIS DEFENDER Portland Pastor Differs on Peace Committee's Report. REMARK PROMPTS RETORT Rev. C. E. Cllne Says Progress of Nation In Part Can Be Traced to Conflict When. Churches Are Urged to Take Stand. War found one advocate in the sec tional conference on "Peace," which was held at the Taylor-street Meth odist Church yesterday morning, un der the auspices of the World's Chris tian Citizenship Conference. This was the Rev. C. E. Cline, of Portland, who took the stand In the general discussion that followed the report of the peace commission and the regular programme speeches of the session. Dr. Cline declared that the progress of this Nation and the progress of tbe human race has been made pos sible through war. Professor Edward Krehblel, of Stan ford University, as a retort to Dr. CHne's speech, referred to Dante's "Inferno," to the scene in which men were punished for drawing their in spirations from the past by their heads being set backward upon their shoul ders. "It is inconsistent to the degree of DELIVERING AX ADDRESS ON M. DE ROUGE. DR. AR.ME.VAG ii. being shameful," is a statement of the report of the commission. "To declare that it is a' self-evident truth that all men are created equal and yet to ap ply this only to persons livinsr within arbitrarily fixed boundaries. Why are persons living on this side of anv lm aginary line entitled to great respect and fairer treatment than those living on tne other? It ls not creditable to men to select their fellow citizens on the basis of geographical location; Our itnows snouia be those who are fit rather than those who ara within the custom line. Our present system leads us to favor a crooked American more than a high-minded and noole Euro pean. It Is high time to recall the Christian belief that all men are the creatures of one God. "We are living in a scientific age, one in wheh fact dsptaces, or ought io displace, sentiment and prejudice an age furthermore In which the means of disseminating truth as well as untruth, abound. We should demand pure news, as well as pure food, for news ls as much a commodity as food and can be and Is adulterated If there is proiit in it - ' Churches Urged to Decide. - "The commission suggests that each denomination, in its proper delibera tive bodies, investigate and declare its position toward war and peace. If men with diverse beliefs, which each regards as fundamental and divinely ordained, have learned to live peace ably side by side, what shall the Chris tian church advise her members to do when they disagree with each other or with foreigners over wordly goods? Christian experience replies; co-operation and prosperity, rather than strife and mutual destruction." The principal speaker after the re port of the commission was Dr. Theo phll Mann, of Germany. Dr. J. Bogga Dodds, of Sterling, Kan., presided. B. Scott Bates, of St. Paul, and J; A. Mac donald, of Toronto, followed the ad dress of Dr. Mann with short talks be-' fore the meeting was thrown open to general discussion. South African creameries nrn lrht million pounds of butter yearly. V). 1 Frenchman Thinks " Growing Ten dency to Family Separation in ' America May Be Indication of Higher Standard of Wives. Feminine attire of the present day was denounced as one of the principal causes of Immorality among men by Dr. Edwin H. Delk, of Philadelphia, In an address at the sectional conference upon "The Family," held in the White Temple yesterday morning under the auspices of the World's Christian Citi zenship Conference. Dr. Delk also said that the carelessness and disregard on the part of mothers was responsible for the unwholeome fashions in dress of young women. "I do not remember a. time," he said, "when women dressed so vulgarly as they do now. Perhaps the young wo men do it Innocently and because 'ev erybody does It," but the mothers of today should realize the true meaning oi tnese exaggerates and. suggestive styles. It is they who are, in a meas ure, to be blamed." Divorces Not All Wrong;." Dr. Charles D'Aublgne. of Paris. France, speaking of the effect of the growing tendency to divorce upon the family life of civilized nations, de clared that mere statistics on the num. ber of divorces does not necessarily In. dlcate that the increase in divorces ls an eviL - "I do not believe that there are more bad marriages in the United States than in other countries." he said. "It ls possible that your large divorce fig ures 'merely indicate tan - advancing standard of family life; that the wo men of the United States are not so willing to bear infamy within the mar. rlage bond, as in some other countries. I believe the percentage of happy mar riages in the United States ls just as large as in some other countries." Statistics from Austria, which show that there is but one divorce in 1000 marriages, he attributed to the fact that the prevailing religion of that country does not sanction divorce. As one remedy for the divorce prob lem in the Protestant nations. Dr. D'Aublgne said, more solemnity should be attached to the marriage ceremony. Domestic Court Urged; Dr. James Wylie, of Kansas City, Mo., also dealt with the subject of divorce, recommending the establishment of courts of domestic relations, which should not only have jurisdiction over the difficulties between married peo ple, but should have jurisdiction over juvenile affairs, since, he declared, a very large majority of the Juvenile de linquency is found among children of families disrupted by divorce. A long report by a commission com posed of students of 'social problems, among which are Judge Ben Lindsay, of Denver; Judge Charles N. Goodnow, of Chicago, and others, was read at the opening of the conference by Dr. R. C. Wylie, of Pittsburg, the chair man of that commission. At the close of ' tire session .brief speeches were made. Dr. J. S. McMunn, of East Greenwich, New York, presided at this conference. Many of the leaders in the World's Christian Citizenship Conference, pass ing from hall to hall In the sectional conference, were present at different times. The crowd, composed largely of women, filled the auditorium and galleries of the White Temple. Foe of Child Labor Active at Conference Dr. A. J. McKflwty Predicts Inter national Law Prohibiting; Tots From Working in Industrial Plants. AMONG the Americans at the citi zenship conference, one of the most alert, forceful figures noted is that of A. J. McKelway, of Washing ton, D. C. Dr. McKelway ls secretary for the Child Labor Commission in the South ern States, and known as the child ren's lobbyist throughout the South. He is happy because of steps recently taken to establish a child labor law in Arkansas through the initiative and referendum, and says it was as editor of a newspaper in the center of the cotton-mill industry in North Carolina that he first became interested in the child-labor problem. He was also principal of a school in the same manufacturing district, and seeing small children continually taken away from him at the most promis ing-age for study, aroused his Interest and determination to better conditions for the babies of America, and he has for the past nine years devoted his energies to that cause. Dr. McKelway Is proud of the men and women who are his associates in this child welfare work, and spoke rather gloatingly Of the commission's honorary members, who are confined exclusively either to Presidents or ex Presidents of the United States. They are Woodrow Wilson, William Taft and Theodore Roosevelt. The child-labor secretary is a Dem ocrat and warm supporter of President Wilson, but also an ardent admirer and personal friend of ex-President Roose velt. Senator Borah has introduced an amendment to the tariff bill, prohibit ing the admission of child-made goods from foreign countries, but Dr. Mc Kelway does not think Senator Borah's bill will pass at present, at least. But he says In any case it will pro voke continued agitation of the child- labor question, which probably will re sult in an international child-labor law, for the Idaho Senator. CLEVELAND CHANGES RULE Xew Charter Putting Affairs in Bands of Few Is Adopted. CXEVEI-iA-ND, O., July 1. By a ma jority of two to one tho voters of Cleveland today decided to adopt a home rule" charter, recently drawn up by a commission of 15, of which Mayor Baker was chairman. The new charter places the control of municipal affairs almost completely In . the hands of the Mayor and the Councilmen, the only elective officers provided for. Statistics which have been published in the Orvosl Hetllan assert that the num. bor of medical men in the whole of Eu rope amounts to about 100,000. A Few More of the Great Combination Of fers Still to Be Sold CJ A wonderful hornless type Talking Machine with fifty -two renditions of the finest Instrumental, Grand Opera, Light Opera, Dialogue roi a and Vaudeville selections, for onlv p-31x:D $ The Machine included in this offer is only ex celled in tone by machines costing $100.00 or more, tf $5 is all the cash required. J Come and select your fifty-two renditions immediately at The Nation's Largest 'All Makes of Talking Machines BROADWAY AT ALDER RESOLUTION HOLDS CHILD DEPENDENT Report of Labor Commission of World Conference Hits Employers of Tots. END OF PRACTICE URGED Dr. A. J. McKelway Makes Plea for Young Workers Portland Man in Speech Appeals for "Human izing of Industry." DJ-X" LA RATION OF DErEXDENCE. By Children of America In Bllnes, Factories, Workshops Assembled. Whereas, -we children of America arc declared to have been born tree and equal, and Whereas, we are yet In bondage in this land of the tree; are forced to toll the Ions day or the lone night, with no control over the con ditions of labor, as to health or safety or hours or wages, and with no right to the rewards of our serv ice, therefore, be it Resolved, That . childhood is en dowed with certain inherent and in alienable rights, among which are 'freedom from toll tor dally bread; the right to play and to dream, the right to the normal sleep of the night season, the right to an educa tion, that we may have equality of opportunity tor developing all that there is In us of mind and heart; ' Resolved, ' That we declare our selves to be helpless and dependent: that we are and of right ought to be dependent and that we hereby . present the appeal of our helpless ness, that we may be protected in the enjoyment of the rights of child hoods Resolved, That we demand the restoration of our rights by the abo lition of child labor In America. Closing his address on "The Child La bor Problem" with the above suggested "declaration of dependence" for the child laborers of America. Dr. A. J. McKelway. of Washington, D. C, was greeted by prolonged applause from the large audience which gathered at the First Presbyterian Church yester day morning to hear the report of the capital and labor commission of the World's Christian Citizenship Confer ence. Tbe reading of the report, which was prepared by Dr. Charles Stelzle, of New York, was followed by addresses by Dr. McKelway and Arthur E. Wood, pro fessor of social science at Reed Col lege, Portland. "As we- prepare to celebrate the Dec Iaratlon of Independence that made our National life an actuality, let us write for our oppressed children a declara tion of independence," said Dr. McKel way. Then he read his suggested dec laration, and it was adopted unani mously by his hearers, who spontan eously volunteered to the grand army of sympathy in behalf of boys and girls who toil In mines, workshops and factories. Growth of Child Labor Cited. Tracing the growth of child labor in the United States, Dr. McKelway said that it was not until 1870 that the Government census took notice of child labor by publishing statistics on the subject, and it was not until 1900 that the "conscience of the Nation was shocked" by the census figures for that year, -showing that nearly a million children, from 10 to IS years old, were employed In the various industries. "If child labor be an economic error as well as an injury to the child, as I hold," said Dr. McKelway, "the waste Involved in the system, in terms of money as well as in misery, ls Incal culable." Dr. McKelway complimented Oregon on her child labor law, which he char acterized as one of the best in the Union, and said that only four states. North and South Carolina, Georgia and Alabama, has not shown substantial progress toward the amelioration of the practice. "The system stands convicted today. at the bar of public opinion," he said. It involves racial degeneracy, the per petuation of poverty, the continuance of dependency, the enlargement of illiter acy, the Increase of crime, the disin tegration of the family, the lowering of the wage scale and the swelling of the army of unemployed. Abolition Declared Verdict. The verdict is the abolition of child labor in America at whatever cost, if it be proved that child labor ls not essential to the existence of an in- dustry, then let child labor end and th industry continue. But if it be claimed that any industry cannot survive with out the employment of children, that industry writes itself down as un worthy of survival on American soil." "Humanizing Industry" was the sub ject of the address delivered by Pro fessor Wood, of Reed College. "The particular problem for us is to inject Christian principles into indus try." said Professor Wood. "The dif ficulties of the problem are accentuated by modern industrial methods. Tha life of the worker, like that of the machine, ls useful from the point of production, but mechanical and devoid of those enthusiasms and interests which keep man human and make life worth living. Machine-like, industry grinds out products and human lives, often with more consideration for tho saleable quality of the former than tha conservation of the latter." Professor Wood recommended a leg islative programme for the "humaniz ing of industry," calculated to bring workmen's compensation, immigration restriction and other reforms. NEW REMEDY IS URGED Methods of Political Leaders Are Declared to Bo a Failure. Political leaders have failed to point out the remedy for National evils of the present, was the declaration of tha Rev. T. II. Acheson. of Pittsburg, in his address at the Multnomah Stadium in yesterday afternoon's session of the World's Christian Citizenship Confer ence. "Our Social Problem; Is It Economic or Moral?" was his subject. "Do we find a remedy for our Na tional evils of the present hour pointed out fully and immediately by our great leaders, Mr. .Wilson, Mr. Bryan, Pro fessor Taft or Colonel Roosevelt? No! "They present Important issues, but their diagnosis is defective and their remedies insufficient. "We have heard much from them about initiation, referendum and re call; of genuine rule of the people; of industrial freedom; of protective tariff; of the money trust and our water pow er and of the party machines. AH of these are important, but there are other questions that are of far more importance. "What of the saloons? Nearly 23 gal lons of strong drink is consumed per capita. What of the brothel and the white slave traffic? Traps are set for young women as certainly as woodsmen set snares for young rabbits. What about divorce? Nearly 1,300.000 were granted in our land in the past 40 years. What about the Sabbath day? Mills, railroads, malls and many stores trample this law of God underfoot. These are problems that affect the character of the future generations and the character of our National life and the permanence of the Nation itself. "What is the remedy? Not only must Christ rule in the heart and be recog nized at the family altar and in church, but also in the commercial world, in the halls of pleasure and Congress, on the Supreme Bench, in the Cabinet and in the Presidential chair." Signor Davlde Bosio, of Palermo, Italy, a lieutenant in the. 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