14
ttiE MORNING OREGONIAN. WfiDXESDAT, JULY- 2, 1913.
IVllDDLE GLASS IS
NOTED EUROPEAN SCHOLARS ARE AMONG SPEAKERS AT CHRISTIAN CITIZENSHIP CONFERENCE.
UP-TO-DATE DRESS
BLAMED FOR SINS
ave You a Family?
ave You a $5
Smug, Self-Satisfied Set Tar
get in Citizenship Confer
ence Report.
Immorality Among Men Due to
Clothes of Women, Says
Philadelphia Preacher.
St .
SOCIAL UNREST ANALYZED
DIVORCES NOT ALL WRONG
H
VIEWED AS
MENACE
Si
lt i
V. ... -
ff '
H
Bi ?
"World Leaders Conclude Labor Agi
tators and Trust Magnates Not
Greatest Perils to Society.
Predictions Are Made.
"la the last analysis the greatest
menace to our Institutions today Is not
the labor agitator nor tbe trust mag
nate. The greatest menace to society
Is the smug, Belf-Batlsfled middle-class,
tbe standpatter, the people who are, in
lalrly comfortable circumstances, who
do not wish to be disturbed, who are
quite satisfied with things as they are
and who do r.o want any kind of a
change if It moans that they are to be
made to face some real social problem.
These are the people who say 'Peace,
peace, when, there Is no peace.' This is
the group which would have the min
ister preach the simple gospel. They
would rather .have him preach about
the poclal conditions of the ancient
. Israelites, the Jesubltes and the 'Hltt
ites than 'to talk about the social life
of tire Urooklynltes, the Chicagoltes and
tbo Plttsburgites."
A burst of applause greeted, these
words As they were read from the re
port -of the labor and capital. Commis
sion, of the World's Christian Citizen
ship Conference at the First Presby
terian Church . yesterday morning.
The .report, which was read by Dr.
R. B. Peery. president of Lincoln Col
lege, Atohlson, Kan., was written by
Dr. Charles -Stelzle, of New York, chair,
man.- of the 'commission, the.other mem
bers of which are John Henderson, M.
P.ondon : Rev. Silvester Home, M. A.,
London; Frank Morrison. Washington.
D. Ci Uaron Ph. X'rlsse, Brussels; Lord
Klnnalrd. London; Qeor'ge W. Perkins,
New York; Lr., Thomas. K. Carver, Cambridge,-
Mass.-;. James Blmpson, Toronto.
"Social I'STCat" Considered.
Prom world-wide statistics the re
port gathers world-wide conclusions,
and every phase of the labor movement
and' the thins called "social unrest" Is
caretully considered and analyzed.
"We talk about -capital and labor as
though they were eynonymous," says
the commission's-report, "but there are
these differences: Capital -represents
money; labor represents men; capital
represents Invested Interests and -demands
dividends; labor represents
flesh, and blood and demands life."
The growth, of thefioclallst-movement
is, traced. The I, W. W. movement Is
also analyzed, and its members, with
those of., the 'employers' associations,
are declared to constitute the two most
radical elements in the present situa
tion. Prediction la 3Iad.
...?'ho.report tn1' prediction that
tho, final line-up in-the ranks of labor
jnir.'liot be between the Industrial
Workers of tho World and the trade
unionists; it will be between the Bo
lultBts. ana tho trades unionists,- with
the ohancei In, favor of the Socialists.
"Butmore serious than this win be
the final line-up between capital and
lebor. It will not be as one finds it
today, between the trades unions- and
the (manufacturers' associations, but
between the manufacturers' associa
tions and the Socialists.
"Such at.con-fllot can be prevented only
by squarely faolnir all the facts and
then taking: intelligent action. The
only way ti eradicate Socialism, if So
cialism Is to be eradicated. Is to remove
the conditions which have given rise
to Socialism."
The report gives the following final
word as to the relation of the church
to the industrial situation:
"Wa may set it down as a funda
mental principle that the church can
not advocate any econ'omlo system, no
matter what It may be. But when
the workin man la making u fight for
better living conditions, a reasonable
number of hours' -employment, at liv
ing wage, and a square deal in every
other particular, he has a right to ln
lat that the church shall come- out
olefrty and specifically and take its
taifd with Mm in the Btruggle."
Conference Sidelights
DR. EDWIN LYMAN DAVIS, of Pitts
burg, is a poet. He puts in his spare
time writing sonnets and prosecuting his
plan for the amalgamation of . two
branches of the Methodist Church. He
Is -president-general of the Methodist
Protestant Church a position which is
equivalent to being a bishop of the
Methodist Episcopal Church.
New Orleans is unique among cities
in that her public schools are support
ed by an endowment fund, created by
the last wfll and testament of a man
Jiamed McDonald. It was provided as
fi10 Sftthe conilUon3 of the will that
the Bible should be read every day in
the schools. This. It seems. ls not be
ing done. Dr. Richard Cameron Wy
lie, of Pittsburg, came to Portland di
rect from New Orleans, where, as presi.
. nt v the Natlonal Reform Associa
tion, he made an investigation which
may result in a legal attack on the ad
ministration of the will with a view to
compelling compliance with its. provi
sion concerning the reading of the
fecrlptures,
,ThL illyL man llvlne and active who
attended the first meeting of the Na
tional Reform Association at Xenia, O.
Is Dr. H. H. George, of Beaver Falls,
Pa., who ls a delegate to the confer
ence. The 60th anniversary of the or
ganization of the National Reform, As
sociation will be celabrated by the con
ference, probably at Saturday's session.
Mrs. George, who accompanies her hus-
?h-'ti.-S -r preslden the Woman's
Christian Temperance Union of Penn
sylvania, and is considered one of the
greatest individual forces In the tem
perance movement in the United-States,
One of the most notable features of
the conference was the chorus of 85
native Chinese voices at yesterday's
session. They will be assisted by Ng
Poon Chew, the distinguished Chinese
patriot. They a?e nearly all Portland
born and are known as the Chinese
Missions Chorus. Seld Back Jr ls
their manager. '
'
-Tho c,orLference has its Jack-the-Boss.
filler In the person of Dr. Edwin Heyl
E.elki,of Philadelphia, who was one of
the five ministers who took the first
step in the campaign that after a five
years fight terminated in the complete
overthrow of the "organization" and
YLe e ? on of a ref administration
! thx,M,yor, BUnkenburg at its head.
The Philadelphia "organization," nead-.'v,"!1,-
Durham, with Penrose
ind McNichol as lieutenants, was con
sidered the most perfect municipal po
litical machine in the country. So
amoothly and so silently did it work
that Philadelphia was in the condition
described by Lincoln Steffens as "cor-
SLfa.,n .tj.. . ,nti.3--.,A.' -ris-nn t-": i "i ii i m i - - t irninini-iM - i i ' ""
. . :. r, Vfe. .:-'
r BaWJ 1
i . V-l f I ;--.,v . - . ' ..." f
I ' .': " W,'
!- V A : 1 I 1 "I j 1 i I
" - :- V-'A 7 U ) l'-v-4 ; f i ,
U S"?J"2JERMO' ITAI V- EV. T. II. ACHESOS,
. c.uumiu ,rK. 3. rKUFISSSUU B, A, WICHER. OF" rAMTCOIlVI UlTTlf
rupt and contented." Dr. Delk and a'
few other militant reformers woke up
the town, and the "organization"
crumpled. This Philadelphia preacher
is regarded as the most practical poli
tician among all the conference dele
gates. "Treasurer for everything" is the
title worn by James S. Tib,by, of
Sharpsburg, Pa., who Is treasurer of
the conference. Tears ago Mr. Tlbby,
who ls a banker and business man, be
gan to be. honored by being elected
treasurer of various civic and benevo
lent organizations of his community, so
that now, when a new organization is
perfected anywhere within many miles
of Sharpsburg, Mr. Tibby usually finds
that he has been chosen without opposi
tion or salary to look after its finances.
Also, he pays hf3 own expenses when
he travels on "treasury" business.
Marlon Lawrence, general secretary
of the International Sunday School As
sociation, will not be present to speak
at the World's Christian Citizenship
Conference. Mr. Lawrence was one of
the party that sailed from Boston on
June 12, en route for the World's Sun
day School Convention at Zurich,
Switzerland. Rev. Charles A. Phlpps,
general secretary of the Oregon Sun
day School Association, ls a member of
this party, which landed at Naples a
few days ago.
.
The officials of the conference have
announced that arrangement will be
made for registration of delegates, not
only at the headquarters in the Ore
gon Hstel, but also at the entrances
of the stadium. It has been urged that
all delegates take advantage - of the
earliest opportunity to register, so that
It will be possible for their friends to
find them, or for messages sent to
them to be delivered promptly.
Rev. Arthur Leonard Waasworth, A.
M., of South Pasadena, Cal., field editor
of the Pacific Baptist, is in the city at
tending the World's Christian Citizen
ship Conference. He is registered at
the T. M. C. A.
WAR HIS DEFENDER
Portland Pastor Differs on
Peace Committee's Report.
REMARK PROMPTS RETORT
Rev. C. E. Cllne Says Progress of
Nation In Part Can Be Traced to
Conflict When. Churches Are
Urged to Take Stand.
War found one advocate in the sec
tional conference on "Peace," which
was held at the Taylor-street Meth
odist Church yesterday morning, un
der the auspices of the World's Chris
tian Citizenship Conference.
This was the Rev. C. E. Cline, of
Portland, who took the stand In the
general discussion that followed the
report of the peace commission and the
regular programme speeches of the
session.
Dr. Cline declared that the progress
of this Nation and the progress of
tbe human race has been made pos
sible through war.
Professor Edward Krehblel, of Stan
ford University, as a retort to Dr.
CHne's speech, referred to Dante's
"Inferno," to the scene in which men
were punished for drawing their in
spirations from the past by their heads
being set backward upon their shoul
ders. "It is inconsistent to the degree of
DELIVERING AX ADDRESS ON
M. DE ROUGE.
DR. AR.ME.VAG ii.
being shameful," is a statement of the
report of the commission. "To declare
that it is a' self-evident truth that all
men are created equal and yet to ap
ply this only to persons livinsr within
arbitrarily fixed boundaries. Why are
persons living on this side of anv lm
aginary line entitled to great respect
and fairer treatment than those living
on tne other? It ls not creditable to
men to select their fellow citizens on
the basis of geographical location; Our
itnows snouia be those who are fit
rather than those who ara within the
custom line. Our present system leads
us to favor a crooked American more
than a high-minded and noole Euro
pean. It Is high time to recall the
Christian belief that all men are the
creatures of one God.
"We are living in a scientific age,
one in wheh fact dsptaces, or ought
io displace, sentiment and prejudice
an age furthermore In which the
means of disseminating truth as well
as untruth, abound. We should demand
pure news, as well as pure food, for
news ls as much a commodity as food
and can be and Is adulterated If there
is proiit in it - '
Churches Urged to Decide. -
"The commission suggests that each
denomination, in its proper delibera
tive bodies, investigate and declare its
position toward war and peace. If
men with diverse beliefs, which each
regards as fundamental and divinely
ordained, have learned to live peace
ably side by side, what shall the Chris
tian church advise her members to do
when they disagree with each other or
with foreigners over wordly goods?
Christian experience replies; co-operation
and prosperity, rather than strife
and mutual destruction."
The principal speaker after the re
port of the commission was Dr. Theo
phll Mann, of Germany. Dr. J. Bogga
Dodds, of Sterling, Kan., presided. B.
Scott Bates, of St. Paul, and J; A. Mac
donald, of Toronto, followed the ad
dress of Dr. Mann with short talks be-'
fore the meeting was thrown open
to general discussion.
South African creameries nrn lrht
million pounds of butter yearly.
V). 1
Frenchman Thinks " Growing Ten
dency to Family Separation in '
America May Be Indication of
Higher Standard of Wives.
Feminine attire of the present day
was denounced as one of the principal
causes of Immorality among men by
Dr. Edwin H. Delk, of Philadelphia, In
an address at the sectional conference
upon "The Family," held in the White
Temple yesterday morning under the
auspices of the World's Christian Citi
zenship Conference. Dr. Delk also said
that the carelessness and disregard on
the part of mothers was responsible for
the unwholeome fashions in dress of
young women.
"I do not remember a. time," he said,
"when women dressed so vulgarly as
they do now. Perhaps the young wo
men do it Innocently and because 'ev
erybody does It," but the mothers of
today should realize the true meaning
oi tnese exaggerates and. suggestive
styles. It is they who are, in a meas
ure, to be blamed."
Divorces Not All Wrong;."
Dr. Charles D'Aublgne. of Paris.
France, speaking of the effect of the
growing tendency to divorce upon the
family life of civilized nations, de
clared that mere statistics on the num.
ber of divorces does not necessarily In.
dlcate that the increase in divorces ls
an eviL
- "I do not believe that there are more
bad marriages in the United States
than in other countries." he said. "It
ls possible that your large divorce fig
ures 'merely indicate tan - advancing
standard of family life; that the wo
men of the United States are not so
willing to bear infamy within the mar.
rlage bond, as in some other countries.
I believe the percentage of happy mar
riages in the United States ls just as
large as in some other countries."
Statistics from Austria, which show
that there is but one divorce in 1000
marriages, he attributed to the fact
that the prevailing religion of that
country does not sanction divorce.
As one remedy for the divorce prob
lem in the Protestant nations. Dr.
D'Aublgne said, more solemnity should
be attached to the marriage ceremony.
Domestic Court Urged;
Dr. James Wylie, of Kansas City, Mo.,
also dealt with the subject of divorce,
recommending the establishment of
courts of domestic relations, which
should not only have jurisdiction over
the difficulties between married peo
ple, but should have jurisdiction over
juvenile affairs, since, he declared, a
very large majority of the Juvenile de
linquency is found among children of
families disrupted by divorce.
A long report by a commission com
posed of students of 'social problems,
among which are Judge Ben Lindsay,
of Denver; Judge Charles N. Goodnow,
of Chicago, and others, was read at
the opening of the conference by Dr.
R. C. Wylie, of Pittsburg, the chair
man of that commission.
At the close of ' tire session .brief
speeches were made.
Dr. J. S. McMunn, of East Greenwich,
New York, presided at this conference.
Many of the leaders in the World's
Christian Citizenship Conference, pass
ing from hall to hall In the sectional
conference, were present at different
times. The crowd, composed largely
of women, filled the auditorium and
galleries of the White Temple.
Foe of Child Labor Active
at Conference
Dr. A. J. McKflwty Predicts Inter
national Law Prohibiting; Tots
From Working in Industrial
Plants.
AMONG the Americans at the citi
zenship conference, one of the
most alert, forceful figures noted is
that of A. J. McKelway, of Washing
ton, D. C.
Dr. McKelway ls secretary for the
Child Labor Commission in the South
ern States, and known as the child
ren's lobbyist throughout the South.
He is happy because of steps recently
taken to establish a child labor law
in Arkansas through the initiative and
referendum, and says it was as editor
of a newspaper in the center of the
cotton-mill industry in North Carolina
that he first became interested in the
child-labor problem.
He was also principal of a school
in the same manufacturing district, and
seeing small children continually taken
away from him at the most promis
ing-age for study, aroused his Interest
and determination to better conditions
for the babies of America, and he has
for the past nine years devoted his
energies to that cause.
Dr. McKelway Is proud of the men
and women who are his associates in
this child welfare work, and spoke
rather gloatingly Of the commission's
honorary members, who are confined
exclusively either to Presidents or ex
Presidents of the United States. They
are Woodrow Wilson, William Taft
and Theodore Roosevelt.
The child-labor secretary is a Dem
ocrat and warm supporter of President
Wilson, but also an ardent admirer and
personal friend of ex-President Roose
velt.
Senator Borah has introduced an
amendment to the tariff bill, prohibit
ing the admission of child-made goods
from foreign countries, but Dr. Mc
Kelway does not think Senator Borah's
bill will pass at present, at least.
But he says In any case it will pro
voke continued agitation of the child-
labor question, which probably will re
sult in an international child-labor law,
for the Idaho Senator.
CLEVELAND CHANGES RULE
Xew Charter Putting Affairs in
Bands of Few Is Adopted.
CXEVEI-iA-ND, O., July 1. By a ma
jority of two to one tho voters of
Cleveland today decided to adopt a
home rule" charter, recently drawn
up by a commission of 15, of which
Mayor Baker was chairman.
The new charter places the control
of municipal affairs almost completely
In . the hands of the Mayor and the
Councilmen, the only elective officers
provided for.
Statistics which have been published in
the Orvosl Hetllan assert that the num.
bor of medical men in the whole of Eu
rope amounts to about 100,000.
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RESOLUTION HOLDS
CHILD DEPENDENT
Report of Labor Commission
of World Conference Hits
Employers of Tots.
END OF PRACTICE URGED
Dr. A. J. McKelway Makes Plea for
Young Workers Portland Man
in Speech Appeals for "Human
izing of Industry."
DJ-X" LA RATION OF DErEXDENCE.
By Children of America In Bllnes,
Factories, Workshops Assembled.
Whereas, -we children of America
arc declared to have been born tree
and equal, and
Whereas, we are yet In bondage
in this land of the tree; are forced
to toll the Ions day or the lone
night, with no control over the con
ditions of labor, as to health or
safety or hours or wages, and with
no right to the rewards of our serv
ice, therefore, be it
Resolved, That . childhood is en
dowed with certain inherent and in
alienable rights, among which are
'freedom from toll tor dally bread;
the right to play and to dream, the
right to the normal sleep of the
night season, the right to an educa
tion, that we may have equality of
opportunity tor developing all that
there is In us of mind and heart;
' Resolved, ' That we declare our
selves to be helpless and dependent:
that we are and of right ought to
be dependent and that we hereby .
present the appeal of our helpless
ness, that we may be protected in
the enjoyment of the rights of child
hoods Resolved, That we demand the
restoration of our rights by the abo
lition of child labor In America.
Closing his address on "The Child La
bor Problem" with the above suggested
"declaration of dependence" for the
child laborers of America. Dr. A. J.
McKelway. of Washington, D. C, was
greeted by prolonged applause from
the large audience which gathered at
the First Presbyterian Church yester
day morning to hear the report of the
capital and labor commission of the
World's Christian Citizenship Confer
ence.
Tbe reading of the report, which was
prepared by Dr. Charles Stelzle, of New
York, was followed by addresses by Dr.
McKelway and Arthur E. Wood, pro
fessor of social science at Reed Col
lege, Portland.
"As we- prepare to celebrate the Dec
Iaratlon of Independence that made our
National life an actuality, let us write
for our oppressed children a declara
tion of independence," said Dr. McKel
way. Then he read his suggested dec
laration, and it was adopted unani
mously by his hearers, who spontan
eously volunteered to the grand army
of sympathy in behalf of boys and
girls who toil In mines, workshops and
factories.
Growth of Child Labor Cited.
Tracing the growth of child labor
in the United States, Dr. McKelway
said that it was not until 1870 that
the Government census took notice of
child labor by publishing statistics on
the subject, and it was not until 1900
that the "conscience of the Nation was
shocked" by the census figures for that
year, -showing that nearly a million
children, from 10 to IS years old, were
employed In the various industries.
"If child labor be an economic error
as well as an injury to the child, as I
hold," said Dr. McKelway, "the waste
Involved in the system, in terms of
money as well as in misery, ls Incal
culable." Dr. McKelway complimented Oregon
on her child labor law, which he char
acterized as one of the best in the
Union, and said that only four states.
North and South Carolina, Georgia and
Alabama, has not shown substantial
progress toward the amelioration of
the practice.
"The system stands convicted today.
at the bar of public opinion," he said.
It involves racial degeneracy, the per
petuation of poverty, the continuance of
dependency, the enlargement of illiter
acy, the Increase of crime, the disin
tegration of the family, the lowering
of the wage scale and the swelling of
the army of unemployed.
Abolition Declared Verdict.
The verdict is the abolition of child
labor in America at whatever cost, if
it be proved that child labor ls not
essential to the existence of an in-
dustry, then let child labor end and th
industry continue. But if it be claimed
that any industry cannot survive with
out the employment of children, that
industry writes itself down as un
worthy of survival on American soil."
"Humanizing Industry" was the sub
ject of the address delivered by Pro
fessor Wood, of Reed College.
"The particular problem for us is to
inject Christian principles into indus
try." said Professor Wood. "The dif
ficulties of the problem are accentuated
by modern industrial methods. Tha
life of the worker, like that of the
machine, ls useful from the point of
production, but mechanical and devoid
of those enthusiasms and interests
which keep man human and make life
worth living. Machine-like, industry
grinds out products and human lives,
often with more consideration for tho
saleable quality of the former than tha
conservation of the latter."
Professor Wood recommended a leg
islative programme for the "humaniz
ing of industry," calculated to bring
workmen's compensation, immigration
restriction and other reforms.
NEW REMEDY IS URGED
Methods of Political Leaders Are
Declared to Bo a Failure.
Political leaders have failed to point
out the remedy for National evils of
the present, was the declaration of tha
Rev. T. II. Acheson. of Pittsburg, in
his address at the Multnomah Stadium
in yesterday afternoon's session of the
World's Christian Citizenship Confer
ence. "Our Social Problem; Is It
Economic or Moral?" was his subject.
"Do we find a remedy for our Na
tional evils of the present hour pointed
out fully and immediately by our great
leaders, Mr. .Wilson, Mr. Bryan, Pro
fessor Taft or Colonel Roosevelt? No!
"They present Important issues, but
their diagnosis is defective and their
remedies insufficient.
"We have heard much from them
about initiation, referendum and re
call; of genuine rule of the people; of
industrial freedom; of protective tariff;
of the money trust and our water pow
er and of the party machines. AH of
these are important, but there are
other questions that are of far more
importance.
"What of the saloons? Nearly 23 gal
lons of strong drink is consumed per
capita. What of the brothel and the
white slave traffic? Traps are set for
young women as certainly as woodsmen
set snares for young rabbits. What
about divorce? Nearly 1,300.000 were
granted in our land in the past 40
years. What about the Sabbath day?
Mills, railroads, malls and many stores
trample this law of God underfoot.
These are problems that affect the
character of the future generations and
the character of our National life and
the permanence of the Nation itself.
"What is the remedy? Not only must
Christ rule in the heart and be recog
nized at the family altar and in church,
but also in the commercial world, in
the halls of pleasure and Congress, on
the Supreme Bench, in the Cabinet and
in the Presidential chair."
Signor Davlde Bosio, of Palermo,
Italy, a lieutenant in the. Italian army,
gave an address describing the move
ments in Italy in recent years for re
ligious tolerance, educational enlight
enment and the suppression of publia
and social evils.
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