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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1902)
THE MOSNING- OBEGONIAN, MONDAY, 'APRIL' 21, 1902.' TOTHE VOTERS OF OREGON ISSUES BEFORE THE PEOPLE Uf THE PRESENT CAMPAIGN. Republican Holds Democratic Pre tenses Up to the Light of Scarch ,, lug Investigation. OREGON CITY, April 20. (To the Edi tor.) For a longr time prior to the meet ing of the late Democratic State Con vention many eople had their suspicions that free silver -was nothing: but a reinl nlacence. JCow they know It. In 1S26 It was not only the paramount Issue, but the 'only Issue. In six short years it has become -ancient history. It seems but yes terday that the "peerless orator of th Platte" 'and thousands of hi? political spellbinders, were making: the most fran tic appeals for the restoration of the dis honored dollar of the daddies, and predict ing a -cataclysm that would Involve the whole solar system If the matter was not attended to at once. Here in Oregon, for months, day and night, the mouths of Judge O'Day and Bob Miller end Milt Miller and General Klllfeather, et Id omne genus, were continuously so widespread that you could, at any time, have thrown a pumpkin Into their cavernous depths and loit it forever. They Tvere agonizing over the impending doom of the Republic. There was a pressing necessity for at once avenging tho dastardly crime of 18TB. For months the street corners were con gested -with gaping crowds listening to the continuous clack, and every loyal Democrat Imagined he could eee above him the sword of Damocles suspended by a sincle hair. The "gold bug" and tho "octopus" were the bogles that kept every Democratic baby indoors, and the doleful and monontonous story of the machina tions of "the money power" made life a burden and death a welcome surcease, "We had Just been favored with four years of "Democratic prosperity," and the people, having become thoroughly satiated "with it, were ready for almost any sort' of a political revolution. It was then that the Democratic National Convention, in the severe and stately terms befitting a party platform, imparted to a grateful people exact and critical Information aB to Just what was the matter, as follows: Recognizing that the money question Is para mount to all others at this time, we Invite at tention to the fact that the Federal Constitu tion names silver and gold together as tho mon ey metals of the United States, and that the fflrst. coinage law passed by Congress under the Constitution made the sliver dollar the mone tary unit, and admitted gold to free coinage at a. ratio based upon the silver dollar unit. We declare that the act of 1873. demonetizing silver without the knowledge or approval of the American people, has resulted In the ap preciation of gold and a corresponding fall In the .prjees of commodities produced by the peo ple; a heavy increase In the burden of taxation and of all debts, public and prh-ate. the en richment of the money-lending class at home and abroad, the prostration of Industry and the Impoverishment of the people. "VVe are unalterably opposed to rnonometallsm, which has locked fast the prosperity of the American people in the paralysis of hard times. Gold rnonometallsm Is a British policy, and its adoption has brought other nations into finan cial servitude to London. It is not only un American, but anti-American, and It can be fastened on the United States only by the etlfllng of that spirit and love of liberty which proclaimed .our political Independence. In 177C and won It In the War of the Revolution. We demand the free and unlimited coinage of both silver and gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1. without waiting for the aid or consent of any other nation. We demand that the standard silver dollar shall be full legal tender, equally with gold for all debts, public and private, and we favor such legislation as will prevent for the future the demonetization of any kind of legal-tender money by private contract. Principles Are Eternal, Are They? Any one having heard and accepted the f tereotyped and copyrighted statement that the principles of the Democratic par ty were "time-honored" and "eternal" Tvould have supposed that the party, hav ing once demanded free silver, would con tinue to wage unceasing war on the "oc topus" until silver had been restored and the money power" dethroned. Who would have supposed that within six years the mere suggestion of free silver would make the individual Democrat pale and start a panic in a Democratic convention? But .why not? Hasn't the party boxed the political compass on every proposition that ever came hefnrp tho Amor-i t r or generations the main prop and support. i me system oi numan slavery, she now prates eloquently about the consent of the governed and of equal rights for all and special privileges for none. Always, in her better days, an advocate of expansion, she Is now a degenerate advocate of the doc trine of "scuttle." For generations emit ting a quadrennial howl in favor of a tariff for revenue only, at the only oppor tunity she has had in -10 years to do any thing? she gives us the "Wilson bill. But, after all, six years is too short a time for even the Democratic party to have turned so complete a somersault as it has on the silver question, and it came as a hock to the most hardened hater of Dem ocratic buncombe and humbuggery to see the state convention sneak away out of the City of Portland, as it did last week, without so much as formulating an epi taph or a set of obituary resolutions in memory of the late lamented. The future lo6ks awfully dark, and nobody dares to predict what Is to become of the Repub lic. The Democratic state convention has clearly fallen Into the Jaws of the "octo pus." The demonetized dollar of the dad dies. Is still dishonored. The great heart of the common people still bleeds, and the minions of Pierpont Morgan gloat in high glee. And this party, so thoroughly and per sistently consistent itself, is worried about the Republican orthodoxv of William J Furnish! This party that ran Horace Greeley, a radical protectionist and a life long Republican, for President; this party with whom less than two years ago Charles' A. Towne was a hot favorite for the Vice-Presidency; this party that ran H. R. Kincaid for Secretary of State, the most lucrative office in the state, before he had been two years a Democrat; this party that ran H. L. Barkley for Joint Senator in Clackamas and Marlon less than two years after ho fell from grace; this party that ran J. B. Dimlck for the House In Marion less than four years af ter he entered the Democratic ranks, and Is" now running him for the Senate; this party that has picked up the brilliant but erratic Bob Smith, the most radical gold-standard Republican in the state, and Is now running him for the Legislature In Josephine, although he has been less than six months a Democrat. They have evidently adopted the motto of Dr. John son "Consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds." Six years ago C. E. S. Wood -was the most radical and rampant gold-standard Democrat in the State of Oregon. He contemptuously repudiated Bryanism and spit upon the platform. To day he- is tho demi-god of the Oregon .De mocracy. And Bob Inman Gold-Standard Bob now rises to second the nomina tion of George Chamberlain, and with elo quent unction .felicitates himself upon the fact that Oregon Democracy at last has a state platform upon which all Demo crats can stand. Wood Is Indorsed for the United States Senate to succeed Sen ator Simon, and If William J. Furnish will toaly come back, too, he may have the in 'dorsement of the convention for the seat of Senator Mitchell four years hence. Points of the Candidate. Bui the position of Mr. Furnish has been thoroughly understood since he took his stand In 18DC. He is a born leader, and nevtool that stand upon his own mo tion, lii a locality, and at a tjme, that offered no temptation to a man with a (weak spinal column, and an easy-going political conscience. Born In the South, and nurtured during all the formative years of his Ufo in the political environ ment that for so long a time made Uma tilla County the Democratic Gibraltar of Eastern Oregon, and, by his native force of character, becoming a successful leader of the Democratic party In that section, it meant something for him to abdicate his leadership and to turn his back upon all the traditions of his early life, and before ho had even reached middle age, announce himself a Repub lican. Umatilla County was Democratic Eastern Oregon was heavily Democratic. The State of Oregon -was trembling in the balance. In the earlier stages of that campaign the free silver craze seem ed likely to sweep the entire country, and it required more than ordinary nerve, at one time, for even orthodox Republi cans to face the storm and battle for the supremacy of the gold standard. It was men of the type of William J. Fur nish that enabled us to hold Oregon in line. It was the hundreds of thousands of Gold Standard Democrats throughout the Union that stood firm for honest money and sund finance in tho most critical and Important campaign that the country ever saw, and saved us from a National panic, beside which that of 1S93 would have been as nothing but a finan cial zephyr, and it is a pitiful suggestion to come, even from Democratic sources, that nothing Is due from the Republican party to men of that stamp. These men have received little recognition from the Republican party, and that man Is not as good a Republican as -was W. J. Fur nish 24 hours after he renounced Democ racy, who now declares he cannot sup port him only because he has been only six years a Republican. Every convention brings its disappointments, and men are prone to exaggerate the merits of their own favorites and tho demerits of those they oppose, but the friends of Ankeny and Geer are, first of all, Republicans, and they are counting without their host "who expect to secure from them a sup port sufficient to insure the election of Chamberlain. Mr. Furnish Is In every sense worthy of the high honor -which the people of Oregon will confer upon him In June next. The condensed story of his boy hood as given in your Issue of Saturday last is worthy of repetition. Speaking of his early struggles, he says: "I did about everything that a little chap can do to decently make a dime. I sawed wood, cleaned up backyards, worked around stables, did errands, swept the SChOOlhOUSe. did hnnHPwnrlrowcrvthlno. J in fact that I could turn 'my hand to to uiiiivo juuuey, jur we were poor, ard tho only way I had to get a living -was to earn It." There Is Inspiration in that story for every boy in the State of Oregon.- and the same spirit of self-reliance which marked his boyhood has attended his whole subsequent career. He has a ca capity for doing things, and achieving re sults, and the idea that anybody can beat him for the Governorship is nothing but a Democratio pipe-dream. McKinley carried the State of Oregon two years ago by a plurality of over 13.030. Since then tho immigration has been decidedly Republican. Since then the Populist party in this state has disbanded, and hundreds of Republican Populists have returned to their old party ranks. Tho normal Republican plurality in this state is at least 15.000. In a total vote of only 80,000 this is an enormous plurality. George E. Chamberlain is a genial, a cap able, and a deservedly popular man. That is why the Republicans of Multnomah County elected him Prosecuting Attor ney two years ago. They wish him to complete his term of four years, and he will. Outside of Multnomah County there is practically no Republican defection In this state, and if George E. Chamberlain comes in under the wire within 10,000 votes of William J. Furnish ho will do better than cool-headed Judges of tho situation expect him to do. REPUBLICAN. GUATEMALAN EARTHQUAKE Five Hundred Persons Reported Killed in One Torrn. . NEW YORK, April 21. The three earth quakes Friday night reduced to ruins Quesaltenango, the second city of impor tance in Guatemala, and having 23.000 in habitants; and completely destroyed Ihe town of Amatltlan, says a Guatemala City (Guatemala) dispatch to the Herald. Both of these towns -were capitals of the departments of the same name each bears. It is reported that 500 persons were killed in Quesaltenango, but the rumor lacks confirmation. The exact loss of life can not now be ascertained. News of the destruction, which extended 100 miles along the Western part of the republic, is coming In slowly, because all of the telegraph wires are down. It is known that Amatltlan exists- no more as a town, the seismic disturbance having been so great. The inhabitants that is, those of the 10,000 residents who escaped death In the cataclysm, are camping in the open air for safety, not daring to re turn to the ruined confines of the town. Some of the inhabitants are building tem porary mud huts. More news has been obtained about the condition of affairs at Amatltlan than at Quesaltenango. as the former Is only 15 miles south of this city, while the latter Is more than 100 miles to the northwest. Couriers say earthquake shocks are still being felt nt short Intervals In the neigh borhood of Quesaltenango. There have been serious setemlc disturb ances along the CordlIlerasl affecting towns and villages between Amatltlan and Quesaltenango. No reliable information, regarding Iofs of life or the extent of property destruction in these intermediate places h;i" reached here. Slight d'- rrbances were felt at Guate mala City, bt no great damage resulted. ' The Holy Seat. Detroit Free Press. The holy seat Is nothing more nor less than a wooden chair which, according to pious tradition, was used by the Apostle St. Peter as first Christian bishop of Rome. The ancient framework of yellow oak, all worm-eaten and decayed. Is pre served behind the tribune of the basilica of St. Peter's In the gigantic glided bronze church designed by Bernini, which is upheld by the four great fathers of the church namely, Sts. Chrysostom, Athan asius, Ambrose and Augustine. From the time that the relic was placed in the bronze chair by Bernini until the year 1S67 that Is to say, for a period of con siderably over two centuries no one had ever set eyes upon It. But In that year, on the occasion of the 18th century of the martyrdom of the Apostle St Peter, Pope Pius IX ordered it to be exposed for the veneration of the faithful. Education In Alaska. SEATTLE, April 2L When the proper amount of revenue derived from certain license fees set apart for educational pur poses in Alaska is received, the inten tion of the United States Bureau of Ed ucation Is to do much for the bettermerft of the system In the far Nori, accord ing to William Hamilton, assiatent agent of education for Alaska, who arrived In the city yesterday. Tie will make the annual tour of Inspection for the bureau in Alaska this year, and the Improve ments to be made will in large measure depend upon his recommendation. Mr. Hamilton will leave during the present week on tho, revenue cutter Bear. The tour may not be concluded until the mid dle of September. Foul Play nt Seattle. SEATTLE, April 2L The body of James Leyde was found near the Northern Pa cific Railroad tracks at South Park yes terday under circumstances which lead to the belief that he was foully dealt with. A deep gash along tho side of the head nenr the left ear, made apparently by some sharp Instrument, caused the man's death. He had Just received his pay Jn Seattle. When his body was found It had only 15 cents on It. The dead man was a stationary engineer employed In railroad construction work near South Seattle. His family lives In St. Paul, Minn. BUSINESS ITEMS. If Baby Is Cutting Teeth, Be sure and use that old and well-tried reraedr, Mrs. Wlnslow's Soothing Syrup, for children teething. It soothes the child, softens the gums, lUy all pain, cures wind colic and diarrhoea. TO HEAD OFF FRUIT PEST CODLING MOTH MAY BE KEPT OCT BY SPRAYING. Solution "Which "Will Be Found Ef fectiveOther Points in Oregon Agricultural College Bulletin. SALEM. April 20. 'Tho Codling Moth and Late 'Spraying In Oregon" is the sub ject of a very complete treatise Just issued- by the Oregon Agricultural Experi ment Station at Cowallls. Professor A. B. Cordley, entomologist at the Agricul tural College, Is author of the bulletin. Everj feature of the subject 1?- so fully discussed that any fruitgrower, after studying the pamphlet, should be ab'e to battle against this small but numerous enemy with the aid of all the latest and most approved methods. After a brief in troductory paragraph, in which he al ludes to the stories told of the vast dam age done by the codling moth. Professor Cordley has the following to say on the subject jot Immune regions: Are There Immune Reglonsf "It is undoubtedly true that there are small apple-growing sections scattered here and there throughout the entire Pa cific Northwest that are still free, or practically free, from the codling moth. But does this necessarily imply that they are to remain free? Does It necessarily imply that tho climatic or other natural conditions are such that the moth cannot thrive there? May not the present immu nity be accounted for on other grounds? During the past six years it has been my privilege to visit several of these favored sections and to note the conditions, both by observation and by conversation with resident fruitgrowers. Six or seven years ago Hood River, probably the most fa mous apple-growing region in the state, was said to be practically free from this pest. Its presence in small numbers was admitted, but little damage had been done, and little" fear was felt for the future. The cold evening breezes that come down from the mountains were said to prevent the moths from depositing their eggs. Today the mist from the spray pumps as it floats over the orchards of that region demon strates alike the progressive nature of the fruitgrowers and the error of their former belief. "There are still scattered here and there throughout the eastern part of our state communities that Indulge in this same hope of immunity from the codling moth and for the same reaeon. It is seriously to be doubted whether their expectations have a firmer foundation of facts than ex isted at Hood River. West of the Coast range of mountains there are other communities which also Indulge In this same hope of Immunity, but for other reasons. There, it is not the cold breezes which come down from the mountains the breezes do not come that way but the moisture, the tempera ture, the "salt," or some other unknown feature of the ocean winds which kiss the orchards of those regions, that is supposed to carry death and destruction to the cod ling moth and Joy to the hearts, of the apple-grower." Professor Cordley then describes an In vestigation conducted by him in 1S00, in the Coos Bay region. He found that the codling moth had not yet attacked the orchards there, though tho pests were to be found nearly down to tide-water on the Umnqua, and to within 12 miles of Myrtle Point. His conclusion was that the present Immunity of orchards in this coast district is due rather to isolation than to climatic conditions, and he says: Const Country Not Immune. "I believe the idea that climatic condi tions arc responsible for the absence of codling moth Injury has been decidedly harmful. It has carried with It the idea that no effort Is necessary to Iteep the orchards free from this, the -greatest ap ple pest. I believe that by a rigid system of orchard inspection put in operation a few years ago along the highways leading from Roseburg to Myrtle Point and Coos Bay, and a rigid quarantine of infested fruit, that it -would have been possible to exclude the codling moth from this entire region for years to come. It Is probably too late now. Still, there are undoubtedly many isolated orchards In which It Is not yet found and which can be kept free from its ravages for years by a little effort. The utmost care should be taken to prevent its introduction into such orchards either in Infested fruit or in the packages In which such fruit has been packed "I do not intend to argue that the codling moth -will become equaly destruc tive in all localities or that the degree of its dcstructlvenesQ is entirely Inde pendent of climatic conditions. It is known that the seriousness of its depre dations varies both with the locality and -with the season. It is admitted that 'temperature is the great factor which controls the geographical distribution of life, and temperature lo at the back of all those apparent living first causes which control the abundance of a species in a giyen region, provided we trace them far enough I do wish to suggest, however, that In the case of an Insect that has exhibited such a wide range of adaptability to varied climatic condi tions as has the codling moth, that Jt Is not likely that anywhere within the limits of this state are these conditions to be relied upon to prevent its development in injurious numbers." Only Two Broods. A lengthy review of experiments Is then given to show the number of broods of this pest developed each year, the con clusion being that there are probably only two. On this subject ho says: "Whether or not a third brood ever de velops Is of very little practical import ance to fruitgrowers. Owing to Irregular ity of development, the different broods so overlap that the insect can be found In all stages during most of the time from July 1 to September 15. The facts remain that throughout this Western country the larvae are very abundant late In the sea son and cause far more loss than all other apple pests combined. There Is thus a con stant demand from applegrowers for in formation as to the habits of the insect, and the best methods of reducing its rav ages. It is the purpose of this bulletin to supply this information and at the same time to record my own observations and experiments." Description of the Moth. The bulletin gives the following descrip tion of tho .moth: "When fully grown in Fall, each larva usually leaves the fiult in which it de veloped) seeks some secluded spot and spins about Itself a silken cocoon In which" It passes the Winter. Late In March, some of these larvae transform to pupae from which tho moths emerge about the first of April and from this date moths are continually emerging until, the first part of July. "The moths are really beautiful little creatures; The abdomen and the hind wings, which are covered when the insect is at rest, are of a modest grayish brown color. The ground color of the fore wings Is similar, but Is relieved by" transverse, wavy, alternating bands of gray and brown. Perhaps the most characteristic marking Is a large golden-bronze spot at tho inner hind angle of each front wing. I know of no other common insect .with this mark, and no Insect in which It Is ab sent need be mistaken for the codling moth. The males are further distin guished by a narrow pencil of black hairs on the upper surface of the hind wing and an elongated blackish spot on the under surface of each, front wing. Owing to Its peculiar coloring which harmonizes well wltn the color of the bark, and the habit of usually remaining quiet during the daytime, it is rare indeed to find a fruit grower who is acquainted with this beau tiful but destructive little insect Indeed, I find that commonly the most -widely di vergent Ideas are held as to Its appear ance, and unscrupulous persona rely upon this widespread ignorance to advertise and sell -".trap lanterns' and other worth less devices for capturing the moths. Only a slight knowledge of the appearance of the moth Is needed to convince even the most credulous that the masses of insects caught by such means rarely con tain a codling moth. Such a knowledge can readily be obtained by picking some wormy apples In July and August and placing them in aome closed receptacle. In the course of a few weeks theTnoths will emerge. When once familiar with their appearance one may detect them4 flit ting about the trees at dark depositing their eggs upon the fruit, and more rarely upon the foliage, and may occasionally observe them during the daytime retting quietly upon the leaves or bark. I have also rarely found them resting upon the ground." r Esrsrs and Larvae. '. On the subject of egg-laying, various observations are recorded, with the fol lowing conclusions: "It appears from the above observations that while the blossoms fell at various dates from April 23 to May 10, cgs laying rarely begins beferre the middle of June, and is not general, much if any betore June 25. This does not hold true for the dryer and warmer parts of the state, nor Is it necessarily true .for the entire Will amette Valley. In Southern Oregon and parts of Eastern Oregorr egg laying cer tainly begins in May, and reports from various parts of the Willamette Valley in dicate that the date at which the first larvae begin to work, In fruit at Cor vallls Is unusually late even for this sec tion "The eggs of the codling moth are min ute scale-like objects about one-twentieth of an inch In diameter. They may be likened to a very small trout scale glued J to the surface of the leaf or fruit. Be ing so small and at the same time trans parent, or with only a slight yellowish tinge, they can be detected only with filfll culty by those unfamiliar with their ap pearance. When once familiar with them, however, and every apple-grower should become familiar with them, one can read ilv find them In this vlclnltv at any time ( from Into In .Tiinn until nt lenst October 1. and probably later. So far as my observa tions go, they are found much more com monly upon the fruit than upon the leaves, although undoubtedly when fruit Is scarce they may bt more abundant upon the leaves. "When first hatched the young larvae are scarcely more than one-sixteenth inch long, semi-transparent or whitish in color and marked with little black spots, each of which bears a minute hair. The head, and the thoracic and anal shields are black. True to the Instinct of self-preservation, the young larvae attempt to get under some protecting cover as soon as possible. Crawling here and there over the surfaoe of the fruit, they seek some secluded spot where they may be hidden from their numerous enemies. "Once beneath the skin or within the protecting folds of the calyx, the young larva may feed for several days near the surface, or It may proceed at once to wards its objective point, the core, where it feeds upon the seeds and excavates ir regular cavities which are filled with masses of filthy droplngs matted together with silken threads. Its presence in the fruit can soon be detected by the pres ence of the familiar frass which Is crowd ed from the burrow and remains matted about the entrance probably as a further barrier to the entrance of enemies. Some days before it stops feeding the larva eats an exit passage to the surface of the fruit but takes the precaution to close the opening with a protecting pellet of frass and silken threads. When full grown it pushes this pellet aside and leaves the fruit." Professor Cordley enumerates parasites, birds and bats as natural enemies of the codling moth and says In this connection: "The idea of controlling crop pests by their natural enemies Is a popular one; and there are not lacking enthusiasts who advocate, with little reason, the Introduc tion of this or that particular enemy, or the artificial culture and use of one al ready present, as a cheap and efficient method of controlling the codling moth.' "I believe there Is little prospect that any practical benefit will come from the Introduction of foreign enemies of the codling moth, or from attempts to in crease the usefulness of those already present. The 'strenuous life' of the fruit grower alone will protect his fruit. He must be persistent in the use of the best known remedies. The most successful or chardlsts of the state now rely almost wholly upon spraying. The Codling Moth and Late Spraying. "The fundamental fact that must be considered by those who aim to control the codling moth by spraying, is that in this western country the larvae are very abundant late In the season. In the Will amette Valley, and I believe the same is true in the other apple-growing regions of the state, the greatest loss from codling moth Injury occurs after August 1. This fact necessitates a radical departure from the practice which has given such satis factory results in the East. . . . "These- conclusions, arrived at as" the result of years of observation, and the successful experience of many men are not supported by results obtained In this state. Early spraying alone will not save the fruit. It Is not only practicable but necessary to fight the second brood. Per sonally, I am of the opinion that the early applications, soon after the petals fall, are of very little value In the Will amette Valley. Here the blossoms usually fall not later than May 10. If the. appli cation is to be made before the calyx lobes close, spraying must not be delayed more than a few days after this date. The first larvae enter the fruit at Corvallls rarely before June 25. I havo as yet had no analysis made, but In view of our usu ally large rainfall after the petals drop, I am strongly of the opinion 'that by the time the first larvae are ready to enter the fruit practically none of the poison of these early sprays remain either in the calyx cup or elsewhere upon the fruit. Nevertheless, contrary to Eastern experi ence though it may be, good results are obtained by the use of the spray pump, by keeping everlastingly at it. To quote from Mr. Smith's article on spraying. In the appendix, 'By this sign we conquer." In warmer and dryer portions of the state where the larvae begin to appear sooner the early applications are undoubtedly of great value. Even in the Willamette Vai loy it is not best to omit them 'until their value has been further tested." Mr. Smith's article referred to contains the following formula: "Water, 1 gallon; white arsenic, 1 pound; sal soda. 2 pounds. Boll 15 minutes or until the liquid Is clear. Add an amount of water equal to that evaporated, making one full gallon of arsenlte and use 14 pints of 50 gallons of water to which has been added 6 pounds of fresh slaked lime. This spray has been used for the past four years with average results of SO to 95 per cent of fruit free from the moth." Professor Cordley'o general conclusions from his extensive experiments and obser vations are as follows: The codling moth is our most serious ap ple pest. It is likely to be a serious pest where ever tho apple can be successfully grown. Apple-growing regions now free" from, it are not likely long to remain so. The average percentage of the fruit In jured by the codling moth Is not greater in Oregon than In other apple-growing regions. There are but two annual broods not three or four as has been stated. Owing to irregularity of development these broods overlap so that larvae may be found in fruit from the time the first wormy apples occur in Spring until after the fruit is gathered. In the Willamette Valley there appears to be no relation between the blossom-" ing of the apple trees and the time at which the moths appear. The eggs are deposited principally on the surface of the fruit and not in the calyx. At Corvallls egg-laying does not begin until toward the end of June. It probably does not occur when the. evening temperature falls much below 60 degrees, and Is probably most active when such temperature is above 73 degrees or 80 de gress. Probably a considerable number of lar vae pupate under clods and rubbish on the ground. Birds are the most effective natural aids in controlling the codling moth. No bene fit Is to be expected from the introduction of foreign birds or from artificial use of fungous and bacterial diseases. Spraying with one of the arsenltes Is the most practical method of protecting fruit from tho codling moth. It is not only practical, but necessary to spray for tne scond brood. Persistent, Intelligent spray ing should give 85-DO per cent of fruit free from. -worms. Our best orchardists do even better. Clean, smooth trees; clean cultivation, sheep or hogs In the orchard, screens over the doors and windows of storerooms, and banding the trees are efficient supplements to spraying. ADVERTISED. . Cnclnlmed Letters Remaining in the FoHtoHlce nt Portland. Or. 'Free delivery of letters by earners at the residence of owners may be secured by ooscrv Ing the following rules: Direct plainly to tho street and number of the'' houre. Had letters with the writer's full address, including street and number, and request an swer to be directed accordingly. Letters to strangers or transient visitors In the city, whose special address may bo un known., should be marked In the left-hand cor ner. "Transient." This will prevent their be ing delivered to persons of the same or similar names. Persons' calling for these letters will please state date on which they were advertised. April 21. They will be charged for at the rate of 1 cent each. WOMEN'S LIST. Acker, Mrs Maud Luckslnger. Miss Cassle Aidtich, Atlss. Edith Luce, Lulu Anderson, Esther A McDonald, Mrs Tamlna Anderson, Miss J- iicKay. jiisa Elsie (Bailey, Airs A IV Maddock, Miss Maggie Barnholtzer, Miss Lau- Marklunu. Mrs O A ra Martin, Mrs Alton Boyrle. Mrs Edward Mason, Mrs Emma Boyer, Miss Leola Matthews. Mrs E P Brydon. Mrs Edith Moylan, Mrs John Young Meneley, Miss Hazel Brockart, Miss Pearl Monroe, Mrs Clara Butler, Mrs E J Morden, Mrs B F Cannon, Miss H D Morries, Mrs Reglna Chine. Lulu Morrison. Miss Bertha, Chandler. Mrs Lea Morris. Mrs John Conn. Miss Sarah Much. Mrs-Nellie Sooley. Mrs Winnlo Meyers. Mrs Oscar Cowing, Mrs L H Newton, Mrs Wlllard Crabtree, Miss Lottie Noble, Mrs Fannlo Dawson, Miss Florence Ogden, Mrs A Dana. Miss Dot Paul. Mrs Leroy Dana, Miss Minnie Partridge, Mrs Llllle Delaine. Margaret Pearson. Miss Annie Devereux. Miss S II Phillips. Miss Laura Everett, Isabella J Prlddey, Miss Eva Farrow, Lulu Purdy, Miss Belle Fenton. Mrs M S Konning. Mrs Kannah Ford. Mrs XV W Rice; the Misses Gibson. Mrs L Rollins. Mrs C E Gray, Mrs Lucille Sargent, Miss Emily Grirtln. Mrs Frank M Sanderson, Mrs G Harper, Mrs Georgia Sargent, Mls Harris. Mrs S Schiller; Mrs H E Harrison. Miss Delia Sewel. Mrs A E Hatfield. Miss Edna Sexton. -Miss Eliza Hayler. Miss W L Searlght. Mrs Jennie Hayman. Mrs Katie Seldler. Mrs G It Hayes, Mrs Sarah Smith, Miss Edith Heggblelm. Miss Helma Sweeney. Miss Agnes Henness, Mrs F M Tank. Eva Hough, Mrs Florence Taylor. Miss Lola E Peters Thompson, Mrs Fred Houser, Mrs C C Tlchenor Miss Vivian Hudson, Miss Mattle Tyler, MrsM J Hubbard. 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ED Mt Zlon Church Branson. Gil Mosley, Rev Brown. Geo H Mosher. Mr Brown. Dr F E Moore, O Browne, Dr J M Morgan. James Burns, Robert Morris,- C Butler, T K Mueller. Andrew Carty. W J Murphy. Walter R Chambers. Dr E H Myers. Earl O Channel, Dr D K Meier, O Clark. William Nartlng. Chas Columbia Dredging Co Neldermaiu J Cook. A W Nelson. Dr A R Costner. W H NIckell. T J Culllns. John Noma. Mr Cutter. Dr J B N W Dramatic News Curtln. Denis Nuckolls, Frank M-4 Davis, James S Nylen. L 0-2 Davis. James Otis Elevator Co Day Frank A Osborn. Guy Dempsey. Dr L O'Brltn. Wm Dillon, John Papzian Mlssak Donahue. H W Palmer, S S Duffy. Jack Palmer. Dr W H Dum. J W Parker, Dr W L Dunn. P W Parks. Fred O , Dugan, John Peters, Geo Dun, 1) W Phonographic Parlors Eberlee. G M Phillips, Wilbur T Eck. William Phillips, Thos H Egan, engineer Phillips, Robt Esham. W P Picault, M Everset, Dr E Pierce. Dr E A Farming, Wm Polieo. Plotro FIddaman. George H Poland, Frank Fisher. P Fries. John XV Fisher. Mr Price. 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Wm Hennlnger, Dr P Stlers, S Hendrlcksen, Otto Stassart. Jas HIx XV L Stevenson. B Hlbbard. Capt J J Stephenson. Geo HHdreth. A F Stuart. F S Hotboom. Jhannes Stodard, Adam Homes. H II Swaggert. B C Hocking. Wm Swan & Wagner Hollman. D H F Tonstlko. M Hooper. A B Taylor, John Honey, Bert II Tclzerow, Wm Howard, A T Teel. M Howard, S E Texcelrla, Don E F G Hughes, John Tempest. D Hunter. Bruce Thurston. J D-2 Humberg. Al Thayrr. Chas Ingle, Fred Thoerner. Fred James, Mr Thornton, C F K James. M B Thoreson. Mr & Mrs Jacksfon. Jack" Thomas, R Jacksson. Lewis B Thomas. Walter Jacksson. Col George Thomas. J D Johnson. E W Thompson. N O Johnson. Dr H C Tooley. Sam Johnson. SpIder-2 Trimble. Dr XV A Johnston. Dick Tulloch. Tom Jahnsson, Gust Tyler. Mr & Mrs E T Jones. A Vrey, B F Jones. L C Van Wyck, Sidney M Jones, C T Vandanis. Dr S Jones, Herbert L Veal. R & Son Kaiser, W G Vincent. A XV, Kahn. Joseph C Walt. Aaron B Kehrll. Mr Walter. A Kelly. S R Wallace. J L Kimball. Carl Wally. Henry Kimball. W V Co Walters. E A" King. Chas A Wetzler, Charlie Keller. Hermann Weeks, R H Laube. Wm C Welter. Michel Laubscher, Fred Whitney. A Laughlln. James XV White. Hon, ex-U. S. Lacey, Dr C S Dttt. Atty. La Moree, Dr D M WIckham. Perry Langdon, Marcellus Wilder. Hon J Lawrence, AVm Wilkinson. Geo E Lee.- D L Williams. A E Lewis. A L Wilson, J B Lewis. XV H-2 Wlllson. Joe S Llttlelohn, Ira J Woodruff, Mr & Mrs S Lien. C G Woolley. J Linien, Wcsten Co Woods, Dr F J Underwood. W E Wood. Dr J B Lurboch, John Yamada. Dr K. Ludwlg. Allen Young. J,D Mackentyre, Wm PACKAGES. Cook. W Manley Joy, Mrs E I Chase, Miss Frances JL B. CROASMAN. P. M. ADVANTAGES OP A CANAL WITH AN ISTHMIAN ROUTE OUR COJIMERCE TVILL INCREASE. Sncha "Water-way Would Greatly Benefit the Oriental Trade of the United States. NEW YORK, April 17. "To transport commerco across a great ocean, stretch ing literally half way round tho globe, 13 no small undertaking, and to do this in competition with nations lying thou sands of miles nearer to that great and exacting market of the Orient would scarcely be undertaken by other than American energy." These were the words with which Mr. O. P. Austin. Chief of Bureau of Statistics, opened his address on the commerce of the Pacific, at the School of Commerce University of New York. The distance across the Pacific from the point at which vessels would enter It from an isthmian canal to Its west ernmost point Is, Mr. Austin said, about 11,000 miles, more than half way round the earth at that parallel of latitude, and nearly four times the distance from New York to Liverpool. Vessels from New York must now travel 16.000 miles to reach Its western shores via Cape Horn, South America, 14.000 miles via Cape of Good Hope, Africa, or 12,500 miles via the Suez Canal and Indian Ocean; while our European rival reach it in a little more than 10.000 miles sailing distance. Nevertheless the proportionate gains of American commerce with the Orient have been much greater, Mr. Austin said, than those of any other country, our exports to Asia and Oceania having grown from $7.GOO,000 In 1GS, the year prior to the opening of the Suez Canal, to $115,000,000 In 1301; while those of the United King dom, our chief rival, were Increasing from $310,000,000 to $462,000,000. Thus, de spite our great disadvantage In distance for all-water transportation, our actual gain has been two-thirds as great as that of Great Britain, and in percentage has been many times as great. This growth In our commerce with the Orient. Mr. Austin said, is largely due to our Increasing consump tion of fits principal products, and its In creasing consumption of our principal products. The proportion which tropical and subtropical products for manufac turing and foodstuffs form of our importa tions Increases yearly, and must continue to increase, since those articles can not be produced in the United States. Prac tically all of these articles euch as silk, fibers, rubber, tobacco, tea, coffee, rice, sugar, spices, and tropical fruits are tne natural products of the Orient, and for many of them -we must rely chiefly upon that part of the world; while, on the other hand, the Imports of the Orient are chiefly made up of provisions and manu factures for which we are seeking a mar ket. The Imports of the great Oriental countries grouped in a semi-circle about Manila as a distributing point amount to about $1,300,000,000 per annum, or over $100,000,000 a month, of which we now supply about 10 per cent, while our Eu ropean rivals supply about 50 per cent. With direct water communication be tween the great producing and consuming centers of the United States and this enormous market we may confidently ex pect to supply a much larger proportion of its rapidly growing importations. "With an isthmian canal to give a direct all water route from our Eastern seaboard to the Orient, our opportunities for an ex tension of our Oriental trans-Pacific com merce will be greatly Improved, and our facilities for utilization of the Pacific as a highway of commerce will surpass those of any other nation. The United States now possesses the chief -Island way sta tions for ports of call and cable land ings at convenient Intervals in this vast expanse of waters; in coast frontage and harbor facilities It far exceeds any other nation; in Manila as a great distributing point, it has special advantages in the markets of the Orient, and in the cur rents of air and water which flow west ward from Isthmus of Panama past the Hawaiian and Philippine Islands, thence turning northward past the coast of Chi na and Japan flow toward the east, across the North Pacific and down the western shores of the United States, It has great natural aids which give It permanent and material advantages In the great and growing commerce in this greatest of oceans. Senator Jones on Ills Own Defeat. Kansas City Star. Senator J. K. Jones, of Arkansas, chair man of the Democratic National commit tee, declares that his defeat for renomlna tion In the recent primary election held by his state has no National significance. He says that the contest was decided on local issues solely. That Is to say, he does not not believe in the Round Cotton bale theory of his opponents. But perhaps Mr. Jones' most complacent commentary is that his defeat will make no difference whatover in his position as the head of the National committee, nor. will It have the least effect on his leadership In gen eral. In this Mr. Jones is plainly speak ing for the party, rather than allowing tho party to speak for Itself. It Is true that he may continue to act as chairman, Just zs Bryan has continued to act as dictator, but, like Bryan, he will find that his Influence has waned. It is evident that Bryan does not take the same view of the Jones case as is taken by the Senator. He declined an In terview regarding his chairman's defeat. but promised something In the subsequent is.suG of his paper. The issue came along in due time, but there was not a word about the plight of his trusted lieutenant The significance of the Jones case a significance that neither Jones nor Bryan would be likely to admit Is that the hold of Bryanism is slackened; that It is no longer essential, even In a hitherto silver state, that a Democratic nominee shall have been a Bryanlte In order to secure preferment, or that one close to the cause of that name Is Insured preferment by that fact. Nothing else that has transpired In Democratic politics has so clearly shown the wane of Popullstlc heresy as the de feat of Jones. ' The florist has grown Independent of sea sons. You have only to name a date on which you want a certain blossom, and he will have It ready for you. The art of retarding flowers was always curious, and now It has widened Into very large dimensions. Of all the bicycle factories In Germany, only six paid dividends last year. Fifteen large factories are on the point of going out of busi ness. Pure Blood We wish you would ask your doctor what makes you so nervous, why you are so easily tired, and what makes your digestion so weak. See if he 'doesn't say, " Impure blood." He will probably speak about Ayer's Sarsapa rilla, too. "For two years I suffered greatly from dyspepsia and depression o! spirits. I then tried Ayer's Sarsapa rilla, and in one week I was a ne John McDonald, Philadelphia, Pa. . All drsrjkU. J. C. AYER CO., LocII, Ma THE PALATIAL eEGOH BUILDING . jfW- wMm Siffir .9 'Bl flfor a dnrlc office In the building; absolutely fireproof; electric lights nnd artesian ivnter; perfect sanita tion and thorough ventilation. Ele vators run day and night. Rooms. AIXSLIE. DR. GEORGE. Physician... .413-414 ANDERSON'. GUSTAV, Attorney-at-Law...612 ASSOCIATED PRESS; E. L. Powell. Mgr..SW AUSTEN, F- C. Manager for Oregon and Washington Bankers' Life Association of Des ilolnes. la 302-503 BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION. OF DES MOINES. IA.; F. C. Austen. Mgr 502-503 BEALS, EDWARD A.. Forecast Offlclal U. S. Weather Bureau .010 BENJAMIN, R. XV., Dentist 314 BERNARD. G.. Cashier Pacific Mercantile Co 211 BINSWANGER. OTTO S.. Physician and Surgeon 407-403 BOHX, XV. G.. Timber Lands 515 BROCK, WILBUR F., Circulator Orego- nlan 601 BROWN. MYRA, M. D 313-314 BRUERE. DR. G. E.. Physician... 412-413-414 CAMPBELL. WM. M.. Medical Refere Equitable Life "00 CANNING. M. J C02-603 CARDWELL, DR. J. R., Dentist 50G CAUK1N. G. E.. District Agent Travelers Insurance Company 718 CHURCHILL. MRS. E. J 716-717 COFFEY. DR. R. C. Surgeon 405-401 COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY C04-CO5-600-007-C13mi4-C15 CORNELIUS, C. W., Phys. and Surgeon... 20U COLLIER, P. F.. Publisher; S. P. McGulre. Manager ......413 CROW, C. P.. Timber and Mlnea 513 DAT. J. G. & I. N 318 DICKSON. DR. J. F., Physician 713-714 EDITORIAL ROOMS ."Eighth Floor EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder Street EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCI ETY; L. Samuel, Manager; G. S. Smith, Cashier 306 FENTON, J. D. Physician and Surgeon..509-10 FENTON, DR. HICKS C, Eye and Ear... 511 FENTON, MATTHEW F.. Dentist 500 GALVANI, W. H., Engineer and draughts man coo GEARY. DR. E. P., Phjs. and Surgeon.... 400 GIESY, A. J., Physician and Surgeon.. 700-710 GILBERT. DR. J. ALLEN, Physician. .401-403 GOLDMAN, WILLIAM, Manager Manhat tan Life Ins. Co., of New Tork 200-210 GRANT, FRANK 8., Attomey-at-Law....617 GRISWOLD & PHEGLEY, Tailors 131 Sixth Street HAMMAM BATHS. Turkish and Russian.. 300-301-302 HAMMOND, A. B 310 HOLLISTER. DR. O. C, Physician and Surgeon 504-503 IDLEMAN, C. M.. Attorney-at-Law. .410-17-18 JOHNSON. W. C... 315-316-317 KADY, MARK T.. Supervisor of Agents. Mutual Reserve Fund Ass'n 4-605 LITTLEFIELD, H. R., Phys. and Sur 200 MACKAY. DR. A. E., Phy3. and Sur... 711-712 MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF NEW YORK; W. Goldman, Mgr 200-210 MARSH. DR. R. J, Phys. and Surgeon.404-400 MARTIN, J. L. & CO., Timber Lands C01 McCOY, NEWTON, Attorney-at-Law 713 McELROT, DR. J. C. Phya. & Sur.701-702-7W McFADEN, MISS IDA E.. Stenographer... 213 McGINN. HENRY E.. Attorney-at-Law.311-12 McGUIRE, S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher 415 MeKENZIE. DR. P. L.. Phys. and Sur..512-13 METT. HENRY 218 MILLER. DR. HERBERT C, Dentist and Oral Surgeon 603-COO MOSSMAN, DR, E. P., Dentlat 513-514 MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASS'N; Mark T. Kady, Supervisor of Agents.. G04-C0S NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attorney-at-Law.715 NILES, M. L., Cashier Manhattan Life In surance Company of New York 209 OLSEN, J. F., General Manager Pacific Mercantile Co 211-213 OREOON CAMERA CLUB 214-215-210-217 OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY 400-410 OREGONIAN BARBER SHOP. Marech & George, Proprietors 120 6th OREGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU; J. F. Strauhal. Manager 200 PACIFIC MERCANTILE CO.; J. F. Olsen, General Manager 211-212. PORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFHtMARY Ground Floor. 133 Sixth Street QUIMBY, L. P. W.. Game and Forestry Warden 718 REAVIS, DR. J. L., Dentlat 008-BOU REED, WALTER, Optician... 133 Sixth Street RiCKENBACH, DR. J. F., Eye, Ear. Nose and Throat 701-703 ROSENDALE. O. M.. Metallurgist and Min ing Engineer ....310 RYAN, J. B., Attomey-at-Law.... 515 SAMUEL. L., Manager Equitable Life 300 SHERWOOD, J. W., Deputy Supreme Com mander K. O. T. M 517 SMITH, DR- L. B., Osteopath 400-410 SMITH. GEORGE S., Cashier Equitable Life 300 STUART. DELL, Attorney-at-Law 617-018 STOLTE, DR. CHAS. E.. Dentist 704-703 STOW, F. H., General Manager Columbia Telephone Co 600 SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. P. TERMINAL CO 700 SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE 201 THE NORTH PACIFIC PUBLISHING SO CIETY 403 THRALL, S. A., President Oregon Camera Club 214 "THREE IN ONE" QUICK ACCOUNT SYSTEM COMPANY, OF OREGON 518 TUCKER. DR. GEO. F.. Dentlat 010-011 U. S. WEATHER BUREAU 007-008-000-010 U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS, 13TH DIST.; Captain W. C. Langfltt, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A ...803 U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS; Gaptaln XV. C. Langfltt, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.. 810 WILEY, DR. JAMES O. C, Phys. & Sur..703-3 WILSON. DR. EDWARD N Physician and Surgeon 304-305 WILSON, DR. GEO. F., Phys. & Surg..703-707 WILSON, DR- HOLT C. Pnys. & Surg.507-503 WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELE. CO Ola WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician 412-413-414 Offices may be had Tby applying to the superintendent o the bulldingr. room 201, second floor. MEN! No Cure , No Pay THE MODERN APPLIANCE. A poltlv way to perfect manhood. Tht VACUUM TREATMENT cures you without medlcin oi all1 nervous or diseases of the generative or gans. such as lost manhood, exhaustive drains, xarlcocele. impotency, etc. Men are quickly re stored to perfect health and strength. WrlU for circulars. Correspondence confidential. THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. room 47-4 tut Dtpoatt building. Seattle. Wash. tCWeMMMMM)) WINE of CARDUI FOR WOMEN tWMWlfwnriyy iwuik j iy tfnm 4 .