Morning Oregonian., April 21, 1902, Page 6, Image 6

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TESTEItDAT'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature,. 58; minimum temperature, 41; total
precipitation. .02 inch.
TODAY'S WEATHER Partly cloudy, with
possible Fhowers; winds mostly westerly.
i
PORTLAND, MONDAY, APRIL 21.
THE CALL Off OREGON'.
The conditions that made Democratic
Victory possible in 1892 and by their
absence made It impossible in 189G and
1900 are In process of effective restora
tioa by the brains of the party. Those
conditions .are the support of the great
states that elect the President, and the
way to bring that about Is to discard
the popullstlc heresies imposed upon the
party by states that cannot elect a
President and take up such course as
will commend the party to the business
sentiment of the great doubtful states.
"What elected Cleveland In 1892 was this:
Solid South, electoral votes.... ..159
New Tork, Connecticut and New Jersey... C2
Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin 51
The control of the Democratic party
is in the South, and the recent actions
of Southern Democrats in discrediting
Bryan and Jones, and in returning to
association with Gorman, Hill, Olney
and Lamont means nothing less than a
recognition of the futility of further dal
liance with the popullstlc West and the
necessity for co-operation with great
centers of political power that gather
about New York and Chicago. The
South can furnish its own votes for any
body; but to win it must have the votes
of the great doubtful states. Therefore
it at length realizes that It can only
expect to win if it lets the Democrats
of New York, Massachusetts, Illinois
and Wisconsin select such nominees and
such a platform as will enable them
to carry New York, Massachusetts,
Connecticut, New Jersey, Illinois, Indi
ana, Wisconsin and possibly Ohio. This
is why New York, Massachusetts. Illi
nois and Indiana dominate the Demo
cratic Congressional Committee. The
effort to elect a President with the aid
Of Nevada, Idaho, Colorado and Ne
braska and without New York, New
Jersey, Connecticut and Indiana Is to
be abandoned. The Democrats will go
gunning where there is game to be had.
This rehabilitation of the Democracy
is ominous for Republican success, and
it is unfortunately accompanied by
equally ominous signs of Republican
dissension and weakness. Democrats
are burying their differences for the
sake of harmony, and Republicans are
rent with more bitter controversies
than the party has" known since 1876.
The most effective war the Democrats
can wage In Congress is to sit still and
let the Republicans fight. Strong hand's
are directing them. They make the
most of Republican mistakes and em
barrassments. They sit serenely wait
ing the turn of public sentiment, not so
much in their favor as against the Re
publicans. They think their time Is
coming. They are not disposed to an
ticipate it by ill-considered errora Their
hope" Is in some fatal blunder of the
Republicans, and it is a hope that fre
quently attains realization. The re
wards of politics go to the lucky benefi
ciaries of somebody else's blunders.
Unfortunately, and especially unfor
tunately for the Pacific Coast, the Issues
that hang upon the impending conflict
are the issues growing out of the Span
ish War. Though nearly four years
haye elapsed since Dewey's immortal
exploit at Manila Bay, the question
whether the United States Is to be a
Pacific power Is still unsolved. It awaits
the arbitrament of the ballot. Noth
ing has happened In the West Indies
more than the anticipation of manifest
destiny. The Caribbean Sea is to be an
American lake, and the Islands from
Florida to Trinidad are to be Ameri
can in civilization, government .and
trade. Hawaii -Is as much a. part of our
domestic coast line' as Alaska is, and
Guam and Wake Island are no more
than .naval stations such as any Atlan
tic power might require in the ordinary
course of business.
The cuestlon. at issue in the impend
ing controversy Is whether the United
States is to be a. Pacific power, with a
foothold and a voice in the markets and
the destiny of Asia, or Is to leave that
limitless .field of world production,
commerce. Investment and civilization
to be divided 'betvefcp Cossack; Briton;
and German. The question Is whether
Manila, the pearl of the Orient, 1b to
be ours or our rivals; whether the out
let thus afforded our energies of labor,
capital, manufacture and trade Is to be
embraced or despised. There are those
who will not despise it If we do. There
are those whose efforts are Increasingly
bent towards influence and opportunity
In the awakening Orient and who recog
nize in the Pacific Ocean the theater of
the world's greatest commercial activ
ity the scene of the greatest and per
haps the grandest chapter In all terres
trial developments of production, wealth
and civilization.
"When Oregon speaks upon this ques
tion in the June election, the voice will
be heard and noted, not only by the
political parties of this- country, but by
the waiting ear of every Industrial civ
ilization on the globe. It will be taken
as a declaration for Pacific expansion
and Pacific power, or else as a bugle
call for retreat. A Republican defeat
will strengthen the Democratic de
mand for Isolation and withdrawal, and
enfeeble the Republican purpose of
progress and National assertion. The
destiny of this Pacific Coast for the next
50 years is hanging upon the result in
Oregon in June. It Is a crisis that
touches very nearly the pride and the
pocket of every man loyal to his Na
tion, to ms section and to his own and
his posterity's welfare. The best thing
that could happen to the Pacific Coast
would be the election In Oregon of a Re
publican Governor, Republican Con
gressmen and a Republican Legislature
by the largest majority in the history of
the state. In the face of a common
danger there should be united action.
In 'this campaign every voter should be
a Republican.
CREEDS AffD THEIR CRITICS.
It appears that several members of
the Brooklyn Presbytery ' have openly
declared that a literal belief in the Gar
den of Eden stories Is not essential to
a minister's usefulness or even ortho
doxy; and this, notwithstanding the
fact that a recent candidate for clerical
orders was declined by the New York
Presbytery on the ground that he re
garded the story of Adam and Eve as
a myth. Probably a good many of the
New York presbyters would themselves
subscribe in private to the Brooklyn
admission, but neither they nor any
other body of orthodox representatives
can as yet bring themselves to the point
of recognizing as a. minister any man
who accepts the results of modern bib
lical criticism.
In this unfortunate determination
orthodoxy Is powerfully encouraged by
the man of the world to whom all" relig
ions are alike odious. Nowhere Is the
time-honored device of killing the bill
with amendments so spiritedly pursued
as In the field of lay discussion of the
ology. To the average Journalistic cen
sor, the Joke of an impossible theology
Is' too good to spoil. If he sees a gleam
of sound reasoning or modern thought
In a religious denomination, he forth
with sets out to belabor it with hammer
and tongs. His Idea Is that religion and
Idiocy are interchangeable terms. In
telligence and theology are things mu
tually exclusive of each other. Noth
ing sane or reasonable, nothing scien
tifically sound or historically true, can
be orthodox. He will therefore die a
thousand deaths before he will suffer
English science or German criticism to
be acknowledged by churchmen. He la
horrified at the lrreligion of the faintest
show of common sense; and the guile
less churchman welcomes the. Greeks
bearing gifts and throws out the candi
date for the pulpit.
The result is satisfactory all round.
The iconoclast rejoices In the success
of his ambush, the churchman Is sus
tained in his prejudices, and the young
man doubtless finds some calling more
congenial to his tastes than that of a
poor preacher sure of nothing but in
gratitude and censure. The best way to
kill religion, as its enemies shrewdly
divine, is to fasten Its erroneous tradi
tions upon it and prevent It from acquir
ing new sources of power. Meanwhile,
thetpulpit suffers from the lack of edu
cated and conscientious men, and the
conspirators who cause It deplore the
decline of church attendance. Nothing
so alarms theskeptlc as the prospect of
the church accepting the very conclu
sions of science and literary research
he pronounces true. Christianity, he
says, is founded on miracles, but mira
cles never happen. Religion Is based
on the idea of a personal God, but there
is no personal God. Faith depends
upon a future life, but there Is no
future life. Everything erroneous Is
the foundation of religion. Don't let the
creed be reformed. It might be reason
able, and the soul of religion is error.
Beware the higher criticism. It is
doubtless true, but truth must be kept
from the churches at all hazarda They
might survive.
In the main this counsel is faithfully
followed by the orthodox authorities.
But In one respect they seem at fault:
Why do they endow theological research
and send graduates to German univer
sities to learn what the Bible really is?
Why do they teach these' young men
anything at all? If the truth Is to be
punished as heresy, the less they know
the better.
"REFORM AXD AXTI-BOSSISM."
In his "Municipal Reform: How to
Prevent Gambling and Robbery," the
celebrated work of Mr. D. Soils Cohen
(not yet published), that gifted author
narrates at great length and with am
plitude of detail how a Police Commis
sion should go to work to minimize the
vice of a city and prevent officials from
collecting blackmail from pimps, black
legs and gamblers.
In his celebrated work on "The Evils
of Machine Rule: With Introduction and
Notes by Donald Mackay and J. Thor
burn Ross" (also not yet published)
Mr. Joseph Simon sets, out at great
length and with amplitude of detail
the struggles of his long and laborious
career to freeJPortland and Oregon from
the evils of bosslsm and the dangers
of partisan machines.
The crowning effort of these .reformers
and vchampions of the people is now to
be made. In this supreme struggle they
appeal to their long and unbroken rec
ord of fidelity to the tolling masses,
their unvarying opposition to close cor
poration methods and their uniform
sacrifice of self upon the altar of the
public weal. As the self-appointed cus
todians of the Republican party, they
propose to advance its fortunes by turn
ing' half the offices, Including control
of the state arid city governments, over
to the Democrats. They will .not them-
selves run for office, inasmuch as
events of two years ago render that
Inadvisable, but will put forward oth
ers in whose names they ask a perpet
uation of their past efforts at reform
and their repeated vicarious sacrifices.
Can a man forever achieve success In
politics by putting up somebody else as
a nominal candidate and appropriat
ing the results to himself? Can the
wolf hope for aid by crying "Wolf"?
Can the boss succeed by shouting anti
boss, and the repudiated machine reinstate-
It6elf by professing hostility to
machines? Is the public memory so
short? Is popular credulity so vigorous
and widespread, that this pitiful array
of hypocrisy can pass current lor pure
coin?
VALLEY
"WILLAMETTE
RICHES.
Observations of an Oregonlan corre
spondent as noted in today's paper and
also in that of last Saturday show great
prosperity throughout the Willamette
Valley, due In large degree to the rapid
advance made In diversified farming.
A much younger generation than ifxdt
of the oldest inhabitant can yet rememi
ber when wheat was almost the sole
product that made trade possible in the
Valley. The few other Industries and
resources had been so lightly touched
that their insignificance when compared
with wheat made them scarcely worthy
of mention. There Is no country on
earth where the crops never fall, but
failures or partial failures have been
of rare occurrence In this Valley. When
they did come, however, in the old days,
with all of the eggs in one basket, the
distress was more keenly felt than It
will ever be again. After a time the
farmer ceased Importing butter, pork
products, dried fruit, etc., and produced
a superior article right on the farm.
The move in this direction, started at
first to meet home demands, was so
successful that the scope of diversified
farming has gradually widened. The
state has reversed Its position as an im
porter of many farm products, and now
sends them all over the country, the
annual returns, exclusive of wheat,
amounting to many millions every year.
While" diversified farming began gath
ering headway several years ago. Its
greatest showing has been made within
the past five years. The conscientious
and painstaking efforts of Mr. C. H.
Markham and his successor. Mr. R. B.
Miller, of the Southern Pacific, have
aided In no small degree In bringing
about this change. It used to require at
least 160 acres of wheat to enable a
farmer to make a fair living, and some
times he was unsuccessful with that.
In the East and Middle West, in locali
ties possessing not one-half the natural
advantages of the Willamette Valley,
farmers were prospering on from ten
acres to forty acres of land. The rail
road men realized that, for the good of
the road, It was better to have fifty
farmers on forty-acre tracts than one
farmer on a thousand-acre farm.
Diversified farming Is the only branch
of -the agricultural industry that tends
to break up the big farms, and its adop
tion and development have worked
wonders with- the Willamette Valley.
There Is still a large amount of Idle
land in the Valley that can be put to
good use for fruit, hops, poultry or
dairying purposes, but the conversion
of big wheat farms into small dairy
ranches, gardens and orchards is at
present working the most striking
change on the agricultural map of the
Willamette Valley. This change Is
building up the small cities and towns
on both sides of the Willamette. They
all bear a prosperous appearance that
was sadly lacking in the days of "35
cent wheat," and these traces of pros
perity can never again be obliterated by
low prices and poor crops of wheat.
That cereal Is no longer king in the Val
ley, and it Is a matter of but a few
years until it will sink to the compara
tive insignificance in which some of the
commodities which are now crowding
it out were held a few years ago.
While the Valley towns and cities are
prospering, Portland Is reaping corre
sponding benefits from the healthy
trade conditions brought about by this
changed order of things. Peculiar feats
of railroad legerdemain have shut Port
land out of certain territory east of the
Cascade Mountains at points which Na
ture intended should be tributary to
this city. Nature Is a great healer, and
In time she may assert herself suffi
ciently to open the gates which now
dam the stream of trade and divert It
over the Cascade Mountains. Whether
Portland secures her rights east of the
Cascades or not, nothing can check the
growth of the city with such wonderful
resources to draw on as are now being
developed right at our doors in the Wil
lamette Valley. The development of
this Valley alone will cause Portland
to double and treble her population in
comparatively few years.
BUILD RAILROADS IX ALASKA.
Alaska's development will be slow so
long as it must depend on water trans
portation. Of course, the fringe of
country bordering the ocean can be ade
quately served by water, but the vast
Interior can hardly advance beyond the
prospect stage until there shall be bet
ter transportation facilities. The; Yu
kon River Is a great stream, and is
capable bf carrying a large volume of
commerce in its short season of naviga
tion. The same is measurably true of
the Koyukuk, the Tanana and the Kus
kokwlm. But the season of navigation
on those streams, is so brief that they
are not adequate transportation routes
for any considerable development of the
Interior. They are locked in ice eight
months of the year, and are not always
to be relied upon In the other four
montha No country can make much
progress under such disadvantages.
Two railway lines have been projected
across American territory to the heart
of Alaska. One of these lines is to ex
tend across the country from the head
of Resurrection Bay, on the peninsula
that lies between Prince William Sound
and Cook Inlet, in a northerly course
to Rampart, on the Yukon River. The
other route is between Valdes, near the
mouth of Copper River, and Eagle City,
on the Yukon near the international
boundary. Neither route much exceeds
500 miles In length. The construction
of a railroad on either line would
shorten the route to the Interior of
Alaska by hundreds 6f miles of actual
distance, would give communication
with that .country at all seasons of the
year, and would put an end to the
annoyance of Inspection at the Interna
tlonal border for all the Alaskan com
merce that does not use the Lower Yu
kon River. These advantages would be
entirely aside from the fact that new
country rich in native resources would
be' opened by such xajlroads, country
too inaccessible to be developed without
land transportation.
A preliminary survey of the route- be
tween Resurrection Bay and Rampart
has been completed. This Is to be
known as fhe' Alaska Central Railway,
and a corporation has been organized
In the State of Washington, capitalized
at $30,000,000, to build and operate the
road. United States Senator Turner
and ex-Go vemor McGraw are promi
nently connected with it, and Charles
F. Peck, the locating engineer. Is now
locating engineer of the Burlington. AH
the promoters, except Senator Turner
and Mr. Peck, are residents of Seattle.
Maps $nd field notes of the survey have
been' filed with the Secretary of the In
terior, which, under the law, gives the
company rights in that territory and
leaves It a year" within which to make
permanent location of the track. The
other railroad project has not yet taken
such definite form.
Portland should aid in every practica
ble way the building of railroads to
the Interior of Alaska. Our Interest in
this matter Is the same as that of Seat
tleto promote industrial development
and trade. These two cities might well
Join hands In the effort to unfetter
Alaska. Enough Is now known of that
northern land to warrant large invest
ments in business enterprises there, and
no agency will prove more potent to
unlock the treasures of the country than
railroad transportation. Portland should
help Seattle to carry this enterprise
through to success.
It Is said that an effort wilj be made
by representative cattlemen of the
Rocky Mountain States to Induce Con
gress to amend the law requiring ship
pers to unload cattle from the trains
every twenty-eight hours. Not only
should humane people as represented
by societies for the prevention of cru
elty to animals make vigorous protest
against the abrogation of this merciful
clause of the law that governs the ship
ment of cattle long distances to slaughter-houses,
but they should be Joined
In this protest by men who are commls
slqned to stand between consumers and
the vendors of diseased and unwhole
some meat. It requires no argument to
convince any man of ordinarily humane
instincts that twenty-eight hours repre
sent a weary time to frightened cattle,
tormented by hunger and thirst and
crowded together In swaying stock cars;
and that to confine them in this posi
tion and under these conditions longer
than this at any one time Is to torture
them and render their flesh unfit for
food. (Let those who are accustomed to
speak for the dumb look Into this' mat
ter, to the end that a few mercenary
men may not be able, through public
indifference, to secure the repeal of this
humane clause of the law governing
the transit of livestock from the great
ranges of the West to the great stock
yards of the East.
A bulletin on the results of irrigation
investigations that were conducted in
various Western States in 1900 Is soon
to be Issued by the Department of Ag
riculture. These Investigations are in
tended to determine the quantity of
water needed and used by farmers In
various parts of the arid region. Mr.
Elwood Mead, In charge of the Inquiry,
says that farmers need an approximate
knowledge of the duty of water In order
to contract intelligently for Its supply.
Individual judgment in the matter is lit
tle better than conjecture, and does not
form an intelligent basis for the con
struction of irrigation wbrks. The
amount of water necessary to bring
crops to maturity on arid lands, the per
cent of loss of water from seepage and
evaporation in canals between the head
gates and lands Irrigated, the value of
Irrigation In Increasing the crop yield In
semi-arid regions, and the methods of
diverting and distributing water in each
state, are treated In detail. The more
the irrigation question Is studied the
greater the necessity appears of apply
ing the mind to its solution, In advance
of the application of money and muscle.
"Scott wants to be Senator." So says
a Democratic editor; and others reprint
the-statement. Will It be admitted
that Scott himself knows, or ought to
know, about this? Then he will say
once more that he doesn't want to be
Senator; is not a candidate, actual or
possible; never will be candidate;
couldn't undertake the labors nor make
the business sacrifices which the posi
tion would demand; that he no more
expects the office than he desires it,
and has no idea that, even If he did
desire It, the Legislature would elect
him. He might state his reasons more
at large, but it Is unnecessary. They
are all summed up In this: That he is
fully employed where he Is, Is not seek
ing new labors and responsibilities, can
not afford to embarrass the business
with which he Is associated, or to meet
the expenditure necessary to mainte
nance of the position at Washington.
If It be said there Is much egotism
here, the excuse for It Is the persistent
declaration from so many sources that
"Scott wants to be Senator." Once
more: He does not want to be Senator.
A Democratic paper says: "Mr. Fur
nish Is not a man of stability. He has
changed his party relations. Mr Cham
berlain never did." No, Mr. Chamber
lain never did. Mr. Furnish left the
Democratic party on the supreme issues
presented In 1896. It would have been
highly creditable to Mr. Chamberlain
had he done the same thing at the same
time even had he gone back after
wards, when the craze that had swept
the Democratic party off a rational
basis had passed. The credit, honor,
industry and prosperity of the country
were at stake In 1896. when Mr. Furnish
left the Democratic party, as hundreds
of thousands of other Democrats did.
But Mr. Chamberlain remained. Even
he, however, doesn't for a moment
imagine that it was any credit to him
that he did, or that the course for which
his party contended could have been
anything but a calamity to the country.
General Wade Hampton's last words
were "God bless all my people, black
and white." He also asked that his
people be allowed to see hint after
death In "a plain pine coffin." Of all
this it may be said that General Hamp
ton died as he had lived, a true gen
tleman, a marl of courage, humanity
and humility, a man of the sort that
Thackeray would have loved to paint
as he painted Colonel Thomas New
come or Colonel Henry Esmond.'
Within the year 1901 a total of 152,000
beef cattle were shipped from the Mon
tana ranges, mostly to Eastern markets.
In the same period 84,000 horses were
taken out of the state, many of them for
Army purposes. This enormous move
ment of livestock from a single Rocky
Mountain State Indicates the vastness
of the livestock Interests on the great
plateau over which less than half a
century ago vast herds of buffalo
roamed and grazed.
SECRETARY SHATVJS MISTAKE.
Minneapolis Tribune.
It Is to be feared that conscientious and
painstaking Secretary Shaw, of the Treas
ury Department, has already gotten him
self into trouble with the ladles. Recent
ly more than a thousand women signed a
protest In regard to baggage examina
tion at the port of New York. In re
sponse to this complaint he went to the
steamship dock Incognito and without the
knowledge of the inspectors observed
their methods. He could not see that the
Inspectors were greatly at fault, and so
he sent out a circular letter to every one
of the feminine signers asking them for
definite information as to grievances.
Now, If there Is anything that, feminine
human nature abhors, it is to be specific.
To be asked to give a bill of particulars
of grievances Is little short of an insult
to a tearful plaintiff who is smarting un
der her wrongs, and especially the .wrong
of Interference with her wardrobe. Tne
majority of the petitioners scorned to re
ply. The Secretary received only 1S5 re
sponses from 1020 of them, and of these
not one alleged any Illegal demand on the
part of the Custom-House , officers; only
16 said they had receipted "bills In proof
of the value of articles; 46 said they
signed on the representation of others;
41 objected to making any declaration;
and 93 merely objected to the WC0 limit
to the value of personal property exempt
from duty.
Thereupon Secretary Shaw declared
that the absence of specific charges made
any further Investigation futile, and con
tented himself with the suggestion of
the provision, by the steamship compan
ies, of better accommodations at the
docks as the only remedy called for. But
this doesn't satisfy the dear creatures.
Not at all. Such of them as have been
heard from aver that the Secretary Is
dodging. Complaints not sufficiently spe
cific? Ridiculous! Did they not say that
things were wrong, and Is not that
enough? Did they not even go Into par
ticulars so far as to tell of the Impudent
questions asked them by the Inspection
officers, and of the searching of their
baggage after they had stated under oath
that It contained nothing dutiable?
What well-regulated woman would not
rise up In rebellion when her sacred per
sonal belongings are thus thrown open
and held up to the gaze of horrid men
strangers to her personally? And then,
too, the Inspection is often accompanied
by remarks that are "humiliating and
intolerable." Secretary Shaw will have
to mind his p's and q's. Being a modest
and bashful man, he has heretofore never
had much to do with any woman but one,
and she, we suspect, has been altogether
too easy with him. His wife has evident
ly humored him to such an extent that
he Is blind to the real heart-breaking
grievances that trouble the feminine
mind. His public life Is destined to give
him a rude awakening, and his present
trouble Is only a little foretaste of what
he may expect If he attempts to deal
with lady petitioners In the gruff and
straightforward manner that he would
deal with the grievances of mere men.
tils youxg ajiericax's view.
Disappointment With Roosevelt at
Charleston.
Charleston News and Courier.
President Roosevelt unquestionably has
the distinction of being the greatest hero
in the eyes of the proverbial "small boy"
ever to occupy the White House. At every
turn In Tuesday's proceedings at Charles
ton Young America was, omnipresent. It
was unquestionably a great disappoint
ment to many of the rising generation
that President Roosevelt was willing to
ride Into Charleston In an open carriage
one who writes .so graphically of hunting
big game m the Rockies and shooting
Spaniards at the head of the Rough Rid
ers. There were evidently many who were
prepared to see this mountain-lion hunter
come riding down Meeting street on a
Jumping broncho. In a full suit of buck
skin, throwing a lariat at every passing
trolley, and with a six-shooter In either
hand sending every citizen who put In an
appearance hurrying to cover. Such was
evidently the dream of one young hopeful
who stood In the crowd Just In front of a
News and Courier reporter:
"Hully gee! He ain't him."
"Sure, it's him."
"Ah, gwan; he's a preacher; he ain't no
President?, and he ain't no cowboy, nei
ther!" "Well, It's him, anyhow. Ain't It, Mis
ter?" A nod of approval brought forth a grunt
of disapproval from the small boy and the
significant expression of "Hully gee!"
Another boy was made happy Tuesday,
and undoubtedly went to bed to dream of
seme day being made President. In some
unaccountable way a small boy's a
youngster slipped In through the horses'
fee"t, and, getting near enough to the car
riage to attract the attention of the gust
of the day, stared In open-mouthed amaze
ment at President Roosevelt, and then.
Just before an officer swooped down on
him, called out: "How's that boy of
your'n?"
"Hello! young man," remarked the Chief
Magistrate, evidently much pleased; "he's
getting along nicely; I hope you are"
But Just then an officer made for the
small boy, who darted out of sight, evi
dently the most pleased youngster In all
Charleston with having had a real, though
Interrupted, Interview with the President
of the United States.
to force the subsidy.
Holding? Up the River and Harbor
BUI fur It.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The Intimated purpose of the ship sub
sidy Senators to hold up the river and
harbor bill again until the subsidy bill
passes the House begins to materialize.
Some of the Senatorial backers of the
subsidy bill have notified House support
ers of the Isthmian Canal and river and
harbor measures that the passage of the
ship subsidy bill through the House Is a
necessary preliminary to . action by the
Senate on either of those bills. The fate
of the river and harbor bill In the last
Congress 13 suggested as an evidence that
tho Senate can and will make good its
threat.
The threat does not scare. Supporters
of the threatened measures are defiant.
They say there are too many frlepds of
both bills In the Senate to be domineered
over by the ship subsidy Senators. The
river and harbor bill failed In the last
Congress because the time was limited
and was talked out before final action
could be taken. The situation Is different
now. The House can keep Congress in
session as long as It chooses, and the
friends of the river and harbor bill de
clare they will stand together and pre
vent adjournment until the Senate passes
It. even If they have to sit all Summer.
The failure of the bill In the last Con
gress has made action imperative' at this
session, or some absolutely necessary
work wlil have to be abandoned. Not
even the ship subsidy Senators will care
to face the consequences of another fail
ure to the vast commercial, navigation
and Industrial 'Interests it would affect.
Mnjor "Waller,
Providence Journal.
Major Waller's testimony In his own de
fense will no doubt have some weight
with all but violent "anti-Imperialists,"
to whom any wearer of the American
uniform Is Ipso facto a brute. He cited
precedents for his actions, which, he as
serted, wero a necessity in the circum
stances. When an enemy mutilates the
dead or wounded, as the natives of Samar
did. it Is customary to shoot captives aa
a warning to the others. This was done
to the Arabs In Egypt, and to the Boxers
In China. Major Waller said that the
treachery of the men he put to death was
Inconceivable, and added: "I shot them.
I honestly thought then that I was right,
and I believe so now. Neither my people
nor the world will believe me to be a mur
derer." These are frank and manly
words, and it. will be well to ponder them
and to recall the savage behavior of the
rebels before deciding that the conduct of
this American officer was beyond excuse.
NEW VIEW OF SUNDAY.
Brooklyn Eagle.
The popular attitude toward Sunday has
changed more within the last 10 or a
dozen years than during all the previous
history of this country. The original set
tlers were, speaking generally, strict Sab
batarians. The Puritans of New Eng
land, the Dutch and Scotch-Irish of the
middle colonies, the English and Hugue
nots of the South Imported the same so
cial and religious habits In this regard.
Their Ideal of conduct was well expressed
In the words of the old catechism, which
asserted flatly that the whole of every
Sunday, "should be spent In the public
and private exercise of God's worship,
except so much as might be taken up In
works of necessity and mercy." The so
cial habits of individuals and family life
remained adjusted to this ideal until
within the last few years. Of course, peo
ple did not live strictly according to their
Ideal of right they never do but tne
standard set up by the general conscience
remained unchanged.
Premonitions of change began to show
themselves In the period Just after the
Civil War. During the previous five years
of strife and stress thousands of people
had fallen Into the habit of doing things
on Sunday which they would not have
dreamed of doing In their well-ordered
neighborhoods a few years before. They
worked oon Sunday, fought on Sunday,
paraded on Sunday, traveled on Sunday.
The result was that their Ideal of Sunday
faded. It vanished slowly. It is hard
to realize that only a short generation
ago cities were convulsed over the ques
tion as to whether railway trains and
street-cars should be allowed under any
circumstances to run on the first day of
the week. When they did begin to run
multitudes of religious people refused to
ride in them on that day, and those who
did ride did so with a troubledconsc!ence.
As .to games, sports, social functions on
Sunday, they were tabooed by public
opinion as well as forbidden by law. Now
all that Is changed. Sunday Is not now
nor ever will be again what It was for
merly in this country- A marked change
In the popular way of regarding it has
come in, and we may confidently say has
come to stay.
As a plain matter of fact, the old ob
servance of Sunday has become Impossi
ble. The magnitude, the complexity, the
momentum of modern business life has
become so great that Its ponderous wheels
cannot be stopped one day In seven. Tho
reason Is plain It requires more than one
day to stop them and start them again.
Others beside the religious .man see the
possibility of loss and danger in the situ
ation. As the work of life grows more
exhausting, men see more and more the
necessity of a definitely recurring day of
rest. People who denounce and dismiss
all Sunday legislation as "blue laws" take
a very shallow and Ignorant view of the
situation. The laboring class discern this
more clearly than others do. A few years
ago In London a movement was Inaugu
rated to open museums, art galleries and
other places of Innocent amusement on
Sunday. The movement had the backing
of the lords and commoners, of bishops
and political economists, and seemed like
ly to carry, until It ran up against the
working men. In whose Interest It was
supposed to be.
They opposed it and defeated It. They
came to the conclusion that every public
activity on Sunday meant that Just so
many more men would be deprived of
their rest on that day. Whatever may be
true as to the decadence $f the purely
religious motive for Sabbath keeping, the
economic motive Is gaining both In clear
ness and force. There Is danger, now
ever, lest those who maintain It on relig
ious grounds may injure their purpose by
injudicious methods. Sunday was orig
inally meant as a time of rest and recrea
tion. A distinguished American preacher
has well said that "the first labor law
was the Fourth Commandment." The
prejudice In religious circles against so
cial functions on Sunday evening threat
ens seriously to Injure the sanctity of
Sunday mornings. It Is largely responsi
ble for the rapidly growing custom of
devoting Saturday nights to public or
semi-public social functions. Dinners,
club nights, festive occasions, are coming
more and more to have that night chosen
for them. This Is not because the night
of the week is a suitable one. It Is about
the most unsuitable and Inconvenient one
possible. It is selected chiefly because of
the prejudice which exists against using
Sunday night for the purpose.
In all seriousness it may be asked
whether the church would not suffer less
In every way If she would frankly and
openly encourage the use of Sunday rather
than Saturday night for social functions?
Of the men who attend a large public din
ner of a Saturday evening, very few go to
church the next morning. Why should
they not go to church In the morning and
to the dinner In the evening? Saturday
night's rest would fit them for worship,
and Sunday's worship would fit them for
recreation, and worship and recreation
are both, and both alike, the will of God
"and the purpose of the Sabbath day. Busi
ness men now approach their weekly rec
reation at the end of six days of strenu
ous work, when they are too tired to
enjoy It. The rapidly increasing custom of
centering all public social activities upon
Saturday evening Is out of deference to
the religious prejudice against using
Sunday evening for that end. The custom
militates against both devotion and Inno
cent enjoyment. Churches might be far
from 111-advlsed were they to speak out
plainly and say they would prefer to have
Sunday evening used for pleasure. In
any case. It would be only a return to the
early Puritan custom, which regarded the
Sabbath as beginning at sunset on Satur
day and ending at sunset on Sunday.
He SttclcH to the Job.
Grant's Pass Observer.
George Chamberlain, the Democratic
candidate for Governor, Is at present Dis
trict Attorney In Multnomah County. If
he should be elected Governor he could re
sign his present job next January and
appoint his successor. If he wished to be
real Democratic he would resign his pres
ent place and give the people a chance to
elect a successor, but by holding on he
can use his office to pay some political
debt of the election If he should be suc
cessful. There Is not much likelihood,
however, of his needing to resign.
Which Man Was Right?
The Dalles Chronicle.
George E. Chamberlain supported all of
Bryan's vagaries and heresies when W. J.
Furnish refused to Indorse any of them.
Which man was right?
Syniplocnrpns.
Mid alder bushes by the ctream
I stroll, of coming Spring to dream.
While yet the drifts of Winter's snow
"Seem loth from shaded spots to so;
And e'en the sun can scarce Induce
The frost, by day, to grant a truce.
The alder catkins safe enfold.
As yet, their pollen from the cold.
Ncr any flower has dared to bring
The promise of returning Spring.
Kay I say not so, but pause and look!
Those Islands In the 3luggish brook
Have each a little coronet
With garnets and with emeralds set.
Within those hoods of royal hue.
There lies, concealed from careless view.
In each, a Globe of flowers. the first
From Winter's loosening chains to burst.
Thrice welcome, earliest flower of of Spring!
Thy praise, but not thyame, I sing.
Ungrateful men have christened thee
With names unkind, unsavory.
Because, when they, with wanton tread.
Their crushing heel sat on thy head.
Thou dost resent so foul a wrong.
They give thee names unfit for song.
Vain Is their spite, while thus my verse
Thy praise and merit shall rehearse.
And oft as woodland memories brine
The pleasant thoughts of early Spring,
Welcome, among them all, to me
Thy face, without a name, shall be.
Thomas. Hill.
(Symplocarpus Is the botanical name for
what Is popularly designated as "the skunk
cabbage.")
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Who is this Dewey, whose day occurs
the First of May?
Another slap at the raln-seven-Sundaya-after-Easter
myth.
The candidate's shake is a3 often In his
hoots as with his hand.
Are we too prosperous to celebrate the
Fourth of July this year?
Any old faction that will give a few
votes Is home, sweerhome to the Democrats.
"Scotch Aleck" will, soon have J. P.
Morgan looking like a Populist office
seeker. In these Spring days it is not that wa
hear the birds less, but that we hear the
lawn mower.
The Democracy seems once -more to be
In need of a Klllfeather to lead it out of
the wilderness.
Come in and be robbed, gentlemen, be
fore the bunco men retire and .go to
Europe to spend their money.
J. P. Morgan says that America is good
enough for him. But then, a man usually
likes to speak well of his own property.
The advantage of baseball Is that the
umpire is the only man who needs to
make his will before he goes Into a game.
Yarn-splnners are going to form a trust,
and it Is expected that press agenCs and
fishermen will take stock in large blocks.
J. P. Morgan Is going to combine all the
transatlantic steamer lines. All Mr. Mor
gan needs is a subsidy for his ships to.
put him quite beyond the reach of want.
A Chinese Prince Is the latest scion, of
royalty to declare his intention of being
Prince Henrylzed in this country. But
he'll have to hurry if he wants to get
here before the exclusion bill is passed.
The Empress Dowager is studying Eng
lish. She probably wants an opportunity
to tell the powers what she thinks of
them in a language that has got some
good, heavy, polysyllabic swear words
In It.
Here are a few extracts from composi
tions written by boys in a high school of
Vienna:
"Many a man lies down In good health
and gets up dead."
"In Rome the bones of the martyrs were
collected and torn by wild beasts."
"Human beings ceased to walk on all
four, and walked on the hindmost."
"He sacrificed a rich woman and other
priests."
"Hannibal stood with one foot In Spain,
while with the other he beckoned to the
troops."
"God's punishment followed Immediately
after ten years."
A visitor to a London workhouse recent
ly found an old Irish woman In one of the
wards very 111, and thought it advisable
that she should see the priest without de
lay. A few days afterwards, when the old
woman had rallied a little, the visitor
said to her: "Well, Mrs. O'Connor, did
the priest come to you?" She replied:
"Yes, avlc. but I was surprised to find a
glntleman like him so ignorant." "Ignor
ant? What do you mean?" "Shure, he
knows no Irish." (Mrs. O'Connor knew
her prayers In Irish, but could not say
them In English.) "Well, that Is unfor-.
tunate," the lady replied. "Yes," said tho
old woman, "and the crathur he was so
fretted about It, I said to him, 'Well,
never mind, father, God Almighty under
stands almost all languages, and who
knows but he might untherstand the Eng
lish.' "
"My brethren," said the old colored
preacher, "It was this way: When the
Israelites passed over it was early in the
morning, while it was cold and the Ice
was strong enough so that they went over
all right; but when the Egyptians came
along it was In the middle of the day. and
the sun had thawed the Ice so that It
gave way under them and they were
drowned." At this a young man In the
congregation, who had been away to
school and had come home, rose and said:
"I don't see how that explanation can
be right, parson. The geography that
I've been studying tells us that icenever
forms under the Equator, and the Red
Sea Is nearly under the Equator." "There,
now," said the old preacher; "that's all
right. I'se been 'spectln' some of you
smart Alecks would be askln Just some
such fool question. The time I was talkln
about was before they had any jograflea
or 'quators, either."
Southern Llterarr Notes.
Atlanta Constitution.
We hear of one Industrious Georgia wri
ter who last year made 18 bales of cotton,
and wrote a novel and a two-mile epic
poem on the slda,
Mr. William Martin Baddies says that
he once saw the poet Tennyson at an
English 'railway station. That brief
glimpse of the great laureate was fatal.
Mr. Baddies has been writing poetry ever
since.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Progressing Rapidly. "Hullo, Blfkinsl How
ls your Anti-Slang Society getting along?"
"Fine as silk, old slobs !" Baltimore fews.
About. Mrs. Qulzzer What did our pastor
preach about this hiornlng. William? Husband
About an hour and 40 minutes. Ohio Stata
Journal.
Familiarity. Etc'Tm so glad to see you.
And how did you enjoy your visit to th
South?" "Oh. not very much! There wasn't
a soul where I was staying except intimate
friends." Brooklyn Life.
His Pat. Ferdy (trying to make an Impres
sion) Heavens! what would 1 not give to
be able to forget my past. Edith What! do
those old nursery spankings still rankle In
your memory? Judge.
What's In a Name? "Maude Is wry ambi
tious. Do you think she will ever ;nake a
name for herself?" "No; but shVH probably
succeed In getting some foolish man to give
her his." Philadelphia Bulletin.
Unnecessary Knowledge. Aunt Sarah (a
spinster) Now, dear. If you would only watch
me closely you might learn how to crochet.
Little Bessie Oh! I'm goln" to get married
when I grow up! Puck.
A Favorite. She I hope our dear good pas
tor will be able to refute these heresy
charges. He I guess .he's all right! I un
derstand the deacons are bettinc three to one
on an acquittal. Town and Country.
An Added Burden. Office Boy Will you
please raise my salary? Employer Why, I
gave you a raise only last week, because
you told me that you had your mother to
support. Office Boy I know, but my mother
got married, and now I have two to sup
port. Ohio State Journal.
Exceptional Man. McJIgger Conscientious,
Is he? Thingumbob Terribly fo. He went
out the other day and left a sign on his of
fice door that he'd "be back In half an hour,"
and hang me If be didn't keep his word.
Philadelphia Press.
A Spoilt Story. Brown (In the middle of
tall shooting story) Hardly had I taken aim
at the' Hon on my risht, when I heard a.
rustle In the jungle crass, and perceived an
enormous tiger approaching on my left. I
now found myself on the horns of a dilemma I
Interested Little Boy Oh, and which did yoa
shoot first the Hon, Jr the tiger, or the di
lemma? Punch..