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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 6, 1900)
THE " MORNING OREGONIAN, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY G, 1900. 10 SHAKESPEARE AND THE EARLIER CRITICS (Copyright, 1900, Ttt OREOONIAN'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE: POPULAR STUDIES IN SHAKESPEARE OwrtrHiutocB to Uris coerce: Dr. Ed-ward Dow den. Dr. WIMm J. Rte. Dr. Hamilton W. MaWe, Dr. ARjert S. CowK. Dr. Hiram Cersen. Dr. Isaac X. DeaMBon. Dr. Ylda D. Scudder XII SCHOOLS OF shakespeahC CRITICISM. (Oondtided.) SkaUeapeare and the Romantic School of Criticism. BY PROFESSOR T. M. PARROTT. The great literary revival of the latter half of the ISth century produced a school of crUfct&H so sharply In contrast with tfe ftasejcal .school that it may most fitly bo characterized ly the antithetical term, ronwtirtfc. The movement had its origin in Ger many, where such critics as Lesslng, Goethe and Schlegel revolted against the Gcorpr Drnnilcs. literary domination of the Franco-classic principles of criticism. Against the au thority of"Corneille and Voltaire they In voked the name of Shakespeare, and set themselves resolutely to establish the fact that his plays were not only delightful in themselves, but admirable as the prod ucts of a master mind, working along definite principles of dramatic construc tion. This note of revolt was soon caught up In England, primarily by Coleridge, whose blended poetic and philosophic powers eminently fitted him to be the profound eet and most sympathetic of Shakespear ean critics. He and his followers give voice to the romantic reaction against the cool, common-sense criticism of an earlier generation, and if at times they ran into extravagance, as when Coleridge preached Ibe doctrine of Shakespeare's infallibility and upheld even his puns as the "emana tions of genius." they nevertheless played a most important part in raising Shakes peare's fame above the critical balance scales wherein Pope ' and Johnson had weighed It. Since Coleridge wrote and spoke no Englishman at least has dared to sit In judgment on Shakespeare. The task of later critteism has been a rever ent attempt to penetrate the poet's mean ing, illustrate his thought, and discover, If possible, the personality hidden behind his work. Yet the eulogy C Coleridge was no blind rhapsody of praise. We may say of him, as Hazlltt did of Schlegel, that no pre vious critic had shown either "the same enthusiastic admiration of Shakespeare's genius or the same philosophical acute ness in pointing out his characteristic ex cellencies." And of these excellencies, the greatest in Coleridge's mind, was Shakespeare's judgment. "The consum mate judgment of Shakespeare," he says, in his "Table Talk," "not only in the gen eral construction, but In all the detail of his dramas, impressed me with even greater wonder than the might of his genius or the depth of his philosophy." And again. "Shakespeare was a great poet, acting upon laws arising out of his own nature, and not without law." Here le a change, indeed, from the earlier con ception of Shakespeare as a wild, irregu lar, and lawless genius, And it Is just this profound conviction of the organic order and unity of Shakespeare's work. and the exposition, at once learned and John Dryden. enthusiastic, of the grounds of his belief, that raises Coleridge above all preceding Shakespearean critics. Of Coleridge's contemporaries and dis ciples, Hazlltt and Lamb, we need not speak at length. Haziltt's woTk is marked by unbounded enthusiasm and keen critical insight, but marred on the fcaer hand 1y the intrusion of personali ties 'ands political reflections and quite wanting in moral depth. He devoted him self especially to the exposition of the characters of Shakespeare's plays, and his work is one of the most valuable contri buttons in English to pure esthetic criti cism. Charles Lamb, more than any of his contemporaries, devoted himself to the revtvMcatlon of the age in which Shakes peare lived. His "Specimens of English Dramatic Poets, Contemporary With Shakespeare" may be said to have re stored Marlowe. Heywood, Webster and a host of forgotten worthies to English literature. But his peculiar love for these victims of unjust oblivion did not blind Mm to the surpassing merits of their master. His design in the "Specimens" was he declares at once, "to show how much Shakespeare shines in his contom poraries and how far in his divine mind and manners he surpassed them and all mankind." His "Tales from Shakespeare" threw open to childhood the doors of an enchanted world, and his letters and essays are starred with subtle and sym thetlc criticism of Shakespeare's plays and their Interpreters upon the stage. nd If at times the note of whimsicality and paradox that marks all the work of Ella -appears. 1 only adds charm and sug geettveness to the real value of his flashes of criticism Shakespeare and the Personal School of Criticism. The itct deve lopmcpt p hajiespearean Wk A Will ill Willi by-Seymour Eaton.) DIRECTED BY PROR SEYMOUR EATON criticism has been that of a school -which has sought to reconstruct the personality of the poet from his work. J2v:n In the last century Cape.l lamented the Ifeck of a critical lire of Shakespeare whlca would trace the development of his genius. Such a work, however, was impossible i Ions as the chronologies! suesCssion of iIs plays was unknown. But the labor of .a. score of editors has practically estab llshed ,thls, and. the evidence as to the poet's development which may be drawn from the order of bis plays has been sup plemented by the autoblograplcal element In the Sonnets. The story contained in these was curious.- disregarded by the older critics and even by the romantic school. But since the early years of this century a vast amount of ink has been shed thereover, with, we must confess, amazingly Iltt.o result It was long ago recognized that the greater part of the Sonnets was addressed to a youthful friend of Shakespeare's, a Ehlaller number to a woman, common.)' known as the Dark Lady. Drake In 1S17 proposed to identify the friend as Southampton. Bright in 1819 was the first to suggest the name -of William Herbert. The ap parent allusion In the Sonnets to an in trigue between the poet's friend and his sweetheart has lately been taken up and developed with great detail by Mr. Tyler, who professes to have discovered the identity of the Dark Lady with Mary Fitton, a maid of honor to Elizabeth. Upon this basis he has constructed a plausible and undoubtedly attractive the ory of the tragedy of Shakespeare's life, a story of love, betrayal, suffering and for giveness. But ilr. Tyler's theory has been so rudely challenged by Sidney Lee and Ladr Newdigate that even the faith of those who were readiest to give it ere' dence has been shaken. Mr. Lee, in fact, asserts that there Is no story at all In the Sonnets; but this Is to go, one feels, a step too far. The personal note rings plain enough in them for him who has ears to hear, and we may still ho'.d with Wordsworth, Hugo. Ereyssig. Swinburne, Fiirnlvall and Dowden that Shakessere's Sonnets express his own feelings In his own person. The story of the pott's life lies burled there, but at present it seems as if the cloud of mystery that hangs r round It were not soon to be dispelled. Probably the sanest and most satisfac tory attempt to discover something of the personality of Shakespeare In his plays has been made by Professor Dowden. His division -of the poet's work Into four pe riods, which he respectively christened "In the Workshop," ,"In the World." "Out of ) me Jjeptns ana un me Jtieignra, is well known. These periods, he holds', are distinguished not merely by differences In the poet's power of expression, but also by the subjects with which they deal, and by the widely varying tone and temper which Inform them. The whole purpose of Professor Dowden's "Mind and Art ol Shakespeare" Is to trace the evolution of the poet's genius and the changes of the poet's mind from the earliest stage of gay apprenticeship to the final closing of the drama, when the master broke his staff and burled his book and went back to die In quiet Stratford. The result ol the critic's study Is summed up In the words: "The Shakespeare invariably bright, gentle and genial Is the Shake speare of a myth. The man actually dis coverable behind the plays was a man tempeted to passionate extremes, but of strenuous will, and whose highest self pronounced In favor of sanity." More pretentious but hardly so reliable is the elaborate work, "William Shake speare," by Dr. Brandes, the greatest liv ing critic of Northern Europe. This Is a splendid, effort to reconstruct the .man fTom his work, and to Interpret that work by the known facts of Shakespeare's life and the Influence of his environment. The purpose of the book, he declares, Is "to prove that Shakespeare Is not 36 plays and a few poems Jumbled together, but a man who has felt and thought, rejoiced and suffered, brooded, dreamed, and cre ated." Unfortunately Dr. Brandes, with all his wealth of learning and undoubted Jteenness of critical perception, has given far too free a rein to his 'fancy. He often mistakes theory for fact and builds elabo rate structures upon shlftlncr foundations. The book as a whole Is rather an exercise of Imaginative criticism than a genuine biography. Yet it Is always interesting, always stimulating, and a distinct ad dition to the great library of Shakespeare literature. The principles of this school have been pushed to an unconscious reductlo ad ab surdum by Mr. Harris, the late editor ot the Saturday Review. In a scries of es says on the true Shakespeare, which ap peared in that periodical during the year 1S9S. he asserts that the work of Shakes peare is of so subjective a character that it is easier to realize his personality than that of any other writer. By the simple process of Identifying Shakespeare with irarIoxis characters of his plays, a process by no means devoid of Ingenuity, and sug gestlveness, he arrives at the conclusion that the poet was "a. combination of physical delicacy and extreme sensitive ness." too weak to endure the roush man's life of Elizabethan London, a vic tim of Insomnia, and the slave of sensuai passion In short, a modern neuropath. It were better to leave ShakespeaTe .wrapped in the cloud than to present' the world with such a figure. And. la fact, a reaction against this school Is already visible. The latest life of Shakespeare, Sidney Lee's, is remark able for its dogged insistence upon the known facts, and its eomplete avoidance of conjecture. It gives us what is known of the poet's outer lire, but malses no attempt to realize his personality The pendulum has 6wung to the other ex treme. At the close of th" ISth century Shakcs- Charles Lnnib. Mr ySiySByi $Lz!'itf L HV W. IU cjA "F S. T. Colerdjre. peare's fame stands higher th an it ever did before; h!s influence rebels is further. One hundred and. fifty y.Trs a go he was hardly known outside "of -Liis island. Toward the close 6f the h t $ tentury "he conquered our Teutonic k-naa en. The 13th has seen his trlumpht'l ,enl rancelnjo Latin and' Slavic lands. His . slays hold the boards- In Paris, Rome, Bui lapest and 1 St. Petersburg, as In the capli als of the English-speaking race. Comp lete trans Nations of his works exist 1; . German. French, Italian, Dutch, Russia! i, Magyar, Czechish, Swedish, Danish ari d Finnic In Spain and Armenia trans' ations cxe now under way, and separate- plays h:rve appeared in such widely scattel -ed tpngnes as WeVih. Croatian, Hebrew Japaresa, and various dialects of HIndd ostan. His influence upon the life and .tha ught of. the civilized world it is simply in osi'Je to estHnicte. Nor is this inlluen ze llkjly to gro less. Even if our civilisation should" perlh like that of I Greece and Rome, the vorks of Shnkesp eare would remain, an everlasting memo r.'l of the greatest mind of the stronge sd Tace of mooero tlmefc. &s yt,s : a. , z.fC Princeton University, Note. Hamilton "W. fable's pip er on "How to Study Shakeeteare" will, b.V pub lished tomorrow. THE WORD "OaIEGOM." Speculation In 184G n to Iis35 'inlng? nnil Oriffln. PORTLAND. Feb. 3. (To the Ed, Itor.) In looking over a bound volume ; of the New York Herald (weekly) l'or th e year 184G. which recently came into the i josses- eion of the Oregon Historical t Society throueh the courtesy of Mr. Fra nk T Dodge, in the Issue of February 28, I dis covered something new concernlr g the origin of the name of Oregon In in edl-tor-al article which Is quoted ent ire, as follows: "In all the numberless, discussion which Oreiron has iriven riisc Co. little. If any thing, has been said otf the meai ling oit origin of the word. A far as ' we can ascertain. Oregon is a word! of Indian origin, and signifies ttie Wghi rldgi , and 13 properly the name pX these mi mntalr.s which w e call, not, pe Thaps, verj appro priately, the Rocky mcWrtains. We say not appiopr-ately, because nothlt g Is In dicated by the term whlclXmay ei ccluslve ly eharacterlze them, slnce all mountains are more or less rocky, and mi y claim the name as well as these. 3Iany persons are apt to imagine that the Bock y moun tains are a vast ridge of tcV5! fwhen, as they are, like all others, grein anti beauti ful elevations, present ng all thiit rough variety of rich and pictures. iue landscape which is to be observed ami ng them alL The Oregon mountains is n vore properly their name, and Is perhap3 n Vre euphoni ous than their present more familiar ap pellation. These vast mom italns are a combination of that long rangi which con stitutes an immense system of mountains, commencing at Cape Horn, tl to southern extremity of the great western 1 umlsphere, running from Cape Horn throi tghout the entire length of the American continent. It has been familiarly called the backbone of America, from Its analogy to that osseous .ridge which runs throu ?h most animals, and which seems lnte nded to give strength and unity to the softt r parts. In South America, that portion o f theaa mountains which traverses the cou ntry is called the Andes; In Guatemala anc Mex ico, their name is changed, and th V are called the Cordilleras; north of Mexlcc ' they assume the name of the Rocky mounl alns, of the Oregon, ns we have shown they were originally called by the natives. The entire length of the whole chain 's t tl mated to be 9000 miles. Between the C Ve gon mountains and the Pacific ocean Is a wide strip of land which belongs, on t Ve north, to Russia, and on the south, . Mexico. The middle portion, and the leas t valuable of the whole, as it contains but l one good river, and little more than one plain or valley of any fertility, called tho Willamette valley, belongs at present, by treaty, to the United States and Great Brltrln. by whom It Is held In a sort of a joint occupation. As long as the joint occupancy Is enforced, neither party can be said to have a right to the exclusive porsession of tho country. Hence wl'l bj perceived the justice of Mr. Polkas views, In recommending a dissolution of this partnership, by giving the proper notice, according to the terms of the treaty. And this view may satisfy every one that the giving this notice has no necessary con nection whatever with warlike lntentloni or demonstrations. The word Oregon hav ing "been used of late with almost nau seating frequency, this change of the subject to a geographical and etymological direction, may give some relief. In the meantime, it is not improbae that we have been 'barking up the wrong tree.' The monster of war, if It should appear at all, will very likely arise In another and different quarter." While the foregoing theory may not be accepted as conclusive. It probably has an much foundation as any. It seems certain that the name Is of Indian origin, at any rate. GEORGE H. HIMES. Assistant Secretary Oregon Historical So ciety. a h Frnlts of Goebcl's Career. Kansas City Star, lnd. Goebel became an offender against the honor and dignity of Kentucky when he caused the enactment of an unfair and partisan electoral law for the promotion of his personal ambition. He followed up this crime against the ballot by pressing his claim to an office which he and the democratic party of Kentucky knew he was not entitled to. This; as might have been expected, excited the angry oppo sition of the republicans, and the "em battled farmers ' and the mountaineers why sympathized with Taylor Invaded the capital with Winchesters and revolvers, which, In Kentucky, are considered prop er and lawful agents In the settlement of personal and political feuds. The logical result of this reign of hate and partisan frenzy was the shooting of Goebel, the democratic contestant for governor. The only thing that could, by any chance, create sympathy lor Goebel among persons who understood" his real character has been done, and" the prime misfortune of the whole affair is that it will Inure to the benefit of a political or ganization whose degeneracy Is well at tested by the support It has given to Goebel and his corrupt and unscrupulous methods. a Native-Born "Aliens.' BUENA VISTA. Or.. Feb. 2. (To the Editor.) Will you please state through the columns of your paper whether chil dren born In this country of alien parents have the right to vote without their father becoming naturalized. W. Yes, provided they have lived here since their birth. For example, a Chinese boy, born In Portland and having- lived here until ho Is 21, has tho right to vote, and does vote. t B Moon Did Xqt .Dance. PORTLAND, Feb. 5. (To the Editor.) In this morning's Oregonlan, I see in the report of the benefit given by Clan Mac- leay that Professor JMqon and "ruplls danced the Highland fling. I wish to correct said statement. In the first place. Professor Moon did not dance, and In the second place the young ladles mentioned, are not Professor Moon's pupils, but are pupils of Professor J. P, Robertson. B. E. SHARP. i i. c Persons suffering from sick headache, dizziness, nausea, constipation, pain In the side, are asked to try one vial of Carter's Little Liver Pills. 9 a Zarlna cigarettes will comfort you when friends cannot lOo for J9- THE THREE PRIZE POEMS COMPETITION OF WRITERS OX "THR'aiAN "WITHOUT THE BOfi." Tic Avrards of $400, $200 and ?100 Offered to Poets Last Summer i by a Kevr Yorker. About" sir months ago the New York Sun published thjs communication, from a distinguished resident, who has pre ferred that h3 name should be known only to the editor of the Sun: Lest January the much-lauded poem of Ed win Markham,' "The Man "With the Hoe," was published In a San Francla.-o newspaper, and tha author promptly found himself famous. While I would detract In no degree from the beauty, crace and strength of h.a versification, It seems to me that Mr. Markhzm has tlrcd ivjmo ery leafy tnd flowery vines around a vacuum. Either the "Man With the Hoe" Is a type of the great mass of those who use farm irff Implements for a lhlng- or else he Is an exception. If the latter, then the strength of th esntlment uttered lies In the concealment of Its weakness, and it the fencer, then the poem doss wrorg: to a most respectable and able bodied multitude ot citizens, every one of whom ought to resent Mr. Markham's attempt io throw "the emptiness of ages In his face," and certainly deserves better of the poet than to be called "mor-strous thing" and "brother to the ox." Frdm time Immemorial the tiller of the soil has been Invested with nls full share of th honor of this -world, and where any Individual example of the clasa or, in fact, of nny hon est and respectable class has given reason for Mr. Markham's Inquiry, "Whose breath( blpV out the light within this brain?" It can, I think, be safely said that the man's own brea h few It out. There Is no jccaslon for a farmer to have- his soul quenched or to become u "dumb terror." He can hold hia head as hih as any .man's, and he generally does; and what calling Is more honorable at least In fils country? to which, by the way, I understand Mr. Markham's obssrvation and study have' been confined. SVhat about the man without the hoe? He who cannot get work, or, having the opportunity to labor, won't do it? There are thousand of joung men In this country who have been edu cated up W the point where the honest and healthful occupation of their fathers In the field has become distasteful to them, and, in many cases, they hae grown to be ashamed if It and of their parents. In European countries, particularly, there are multitudes of young men, the younger son3 of titled people, for in stance, who have been taught that common labor or work In the trades Is beneath them, and they elnk their Individuality, their manhood and their future In the ranks of the army and In petty government positions. They muct have money, but they muet earn it only In a "genteel" way. These are the men without the hoe the real brothers to the ox. Who ehall tell their story? Who shall best sing the bitter song of the incapable vno walk the earth, driven hither and thither like beasts by the Implacable sentiment of false social educa tion, suffering the tortures of the damned and bringing distress upon those dependent on them bwause they have lost that true Ir.depender.ct of soul that cornea to him who dares to labor with his hands, who wields the hoe and Is the mneter of his destiny. The writer would like to oee a good poem written en these lines, and the subject is a great one. He therefore offers to give for the best poems written on this general subject ?400 as first prize, $200 as second prize and $100 ao third prize; the competition to be decided by a committee of three, one to be the editor of th Sun and the othera to be Mr. T. B. Aldrich and Mr. E. C. Stedman, If those gentlemen will be willing to serve on such a committee. All poems to be sent In to the editor of the Sun before October 15 next. Brevity, strength of sentiment and expression and llterary,grace and beauty to be the factors of merit. RESPONSIBILITY. New York, July 28. The poem which had suggested to the mind of "Responsibility" the Idea set forth in his letter and stimulated him to make the somewhat unusual offer of $700 In money prizes for corrective versifica tion, is here printed: THE MAN WITH THE HOE. (Written after seeing Millet's world - famous painting.) By Edwin Markham. Bowed by tho weight of centuries, he leans Upon his hoe and gazes on the ground, The emptiness of cges In his face Hid on his back the burden of the world. V 'ho made him dead to rapture and despair A (thing that grieves not and that ne er hope Sti 'Hd and stunned, a brother to the ox? Wl o lcowned and let down this brutal Jaw? Wh was the hand that slanted back this Arow? Who V: breath blew out the light within this .Sraln? Is this the thing Lord God made and gave To hav ? dominion over sea and land, To trai e the stars and ssarch the heavens for po rer. To feel 5ie passion ot Eternity? Is this tK Dream. He dreamed who shaped the pans' And plllai ted the blue firmament with light? Dow n nil .he stretch of hell, to Its last gulf, There lsm shape more terrible than this More tongv fed with censure of the world's bllnJ greed--More filled' with signs end portents for the soul More fraught with menace to the universe. What gulfs b itween Mm. and the ceraphim! Slave of the i theel of labor, what to him Are Plato andthe twtng, of Pleiades? What the long reache it the peaks of song, Tho rift of dawtn, the mddenlng of the rcsef Through this dread o!tape the suffering, ages look. Time's-tragedy 4s In thtot aching stoop. Through this dr i.id slu ipe humanity, betrayed, Plundered, prof.cied aru disinherited, Cric-s protest to he Ju Jges of the World, A protest that Is also i rophecy. O masters, lords and n ilera In all lands. Is this the handiwork .ou give to God This monstrous thins, distorted and eoul- quenched? How will iou,ever straighten up this shapes Give back the upward flooklng and the light) Rebuild In It the mus fc and the dream. Touch It again with Immortality. ' Make right the lmmcfenorial infamies. Perfidious wrongs, inlmdicabl woes? O masters, .lords and -rulers la all lands. How will the Future reckon with this Man? How answer hlu brufts question in that hour When whirhTlnds of, rebellion shake the world? Hew will It bo wtth "kingdoms and with kings With those who soaped him to the thing he is When this- dumb Tew or shall reply to God, After the Silence of the centurles7 Oakland. Cal. Tho Sim at once guaranteed the good faith of "Responsibility's" offer, and likewise- his ability to redeem his promises. At the request of this gentleman, the, Sun received, .until October 15, manuscripts submitted m competition. A,bout 1000 poems wore sent In. They came from nearly every state of the Union, and from several forefen-countrles. The entire batch of poems was then submitted by "Respon sibility" to a. committee of award, consist ing of Mr. TShpmas Bailey Aldrich and Mr. Edmund Clanonce Stedman. The Avrtr.artl of the Committee. To "Respomabillty" Dear Sir: The num ber of mannacrlRts submitted In competi tion for the pitizes offered, by you for the best three poeins In answer to Mr. Mark ham's "The an With the Hoe," amount ed to nearly ,1000, of widen only a email percentage has) seemed entitled to the care ful consideration given to them alL The pieces set aside for repealed readings pre sented features which made decision diffi cult. Poems manifestly superior In con ception and technique sitrayed widely from the subject'prescrtbed.' That the subject was generally misunderstood or under stood confusedly, both' by the contestants and by the public at la -go, was owing to the fact that Mr. Mari ham's "brother to the ox" finds no counterpart in any class of tollers In this country where he who manfully handles the hoe or grasps the railway brake may himself one day employ an army of workmen or hold the helm of state. The poems which dealt the closest with Mr. Markham's conception of Millet's painting were, for the most part. lr.ck.ns I In poetic quality. Among Jjo 1000 inanu- scripts examined, we- have found no single poem entirely fulfilling both the polemic and the literary requirements In the case. It was, however, our duty to award prizes to the three poerrfs which, In our judgment, came nearest to accomplishing this, and we have therefore selected the following pieces, naming them in the order of their estimated distinction: "The Man With the Hoe (A Reply to Ed win Markham)." By John Vance Cheney. First prize. "The Incapable." By Hamilton Schuyler. Second prize. "A Song (In Answer to "The Man With the Hoe)." By Kate Masterson. Third prize. In accepting the task with which you honored us we were mindful of tho fact that tho spur to great poetry has never been a spur of gold. Furthermore, the contesting poet was handicapped by a theme that had lost Its novelty: his poem at best could be only the reverse of Mr. Markham's medal a suggested, and, therefore, unoriginal, design. It remains to bo sa'd that the average merit of the productions submitted to us. written In many Instances, as was evident, by un practised pens, went beyond our expecta tion. Regretting that our fortune In the mat ter has not been wholly commensurate to your public spirit, we are. dear sir, very respectfully yours, T. B. ALDRICH, E. a STEDMAN. January 22, 1903. The Three Prize Poems. THE MAN WITH THE HOE. (A reply to Edwin Markham.) "Let us a little permit Nature to take her own way; Pbe better understands her own. af fairs than we." Montaigne. Nature reads not our labels, "great'' and "small1: l Accepts ehe one and all Who, striving, win and hold the vacant place; All tare of royal race. Him, thee, rough-cast, with rigid arm and limb. The Mother moulded him, " ( Of his rude realm ruler and demigod. Lord of the reck and clod. With Nature Is-no "better" and no "worse," On this bared head, no curse. Huihbled'lt is and bowed; so Is he crowned Whose kingdom Is the ground. Diver tho burdens on the one stern read Where bears each back its load; Varied the toll, but neither high nor low. With pen or sword or hoe, H that has put out strength, lo, he Is etrong; Of him with spade cr song Nature but questions, "This one, shall he stay?" She answers "Yea" or "Nay," "Well, 111, he digs, he sings;" and he bides on, Or shudders, and Is gone. Strength shall he have, the toller, strength and grace. So fitted to his place As he leaned, there, an osfc where sea winds blow. Our brother with the hoe. No blot, no monster, no unsightly thing. The soil's Iong-llneaged king; His changeless realm, he knows It-and com mands; ' Erect enough he stands. Tall as his toll. Nor does h bow unblest; Labor he has, and rest. For him and such as he. For him. and such as h Cart for the gap, with gnarled arm and limb. The Mother moulded him, Long wrought, and molded him with mother's care, Before she set him there. And aye ehe-gives him, mindful of her own. Peace of the plant, the otone; Yea, since above his work he may not rise. She makes the field his skies; &el she that bore him, and metes out the lot. He serves her. Vex him not To scqrn the rock whence he was hewn, the pit And what was digged from It; Lest he no more In native virtue stand, The eath-eword In his hand. But follow sorry phantoms to and fro. And let a kingdom go. Chicago. John Vance Cheney. THE INCAPABLE. The pathos of the world Is In his eyes. Within his brain abortive schemlngo roll, His nerveless hand in lmpotency lies With palm held open for the pauper's dole. The burden of all Ineffectual things Is In his gait, his countenance, his mien; While round his harassed brow forever clings The mocking ghost of what he might have been. Here, where men toil and eat the fruit of toll. He Idly stands apart the whole day through; Here, In a land of ceaseless work and moll. His hand and brain can find him naught to do. No Bweat of manly effort damps his brow; Ii workshop, field or mart he hath no place. To earn his dally bread he Knows not how, Or Hcornful, counts the offered means dis grace. Too proud to dig, yet not too proud to eat The bread of strangers to his face and name; Homeless, he warders with uncertain feet. Of thrift the scorn, of fate the idle garne. What though he wear the hall mark of the schools, , A weakling in the world, he stands confessed; For lack cf will to use the humbler tools. He walks the earth a byword and a Jtot. The precious promise of hla youthful years. All unfulfilled, upon his manhood waits. He wakens to his shame with bitter tears And knows himself to be the thing he hates. Incapable! His destiny we cpell In logic of inexorable fact; At naught may his untutored hand xcel; The curse of, Reuben blasts his every act, The ploughman whistles blithely as he goes And turns upon the world no coward face, In Jcy he reaps that which In hope he sows. Nor bows hla head to aught but Heaven's grace. The craftsman, too, rejoices In the thing To fashion which his cunning hand wai taught; Of want he feels nor fears the bitter sting. In manhood's strength his destiny Is wrougut. But this one, futll, hopeless, crushed to earth, A prey forever to forebodings grim. Well may he curse the day that gave him birth. And summon God and Man to pity him. Orange, N. J. Hamilton Schuyler. A SONO. On answer to "The Man With the Hoe.") From Giant-forests, hewn. And golden fields cf grain; From the furrowed hills and the belching mills With their fuel of band and brain; From the mountain's mln-dug depth To star-paths made by men, Sounte one veet song that rolls along And circles the world again: Work Let the anvils clang! Work Let us sew the seam! Let us bind the girth of the mighty earth With the music of our theme! Sing ns the wheels spin round. Laugh at th red sparks' flight, And life will flash from the sledge's clash Till all the land la light! Over the deserts' waste . We measure the miles of chain Till the Steam King roars frcm bath the shores And rends the hills In twain. We search In the ocean's bed. And bridge where the torrent hurled. And we stretch a wire like a line ef fire To signal through the world! You with your tinsel crowns And Kingdoms of crumbling clay, Ycu with gold In Its yellow mould Rotting your lives away, Best when the task Is done. Sleep when the day goes by. And the jweat of the hand that plews the land Are gems that you cannot buy! Work Let the anvils clang! Work Let us sew tr-e seam! Let us bind the girth of the mighty earth With the story of cur theme! Sing as the wheels sl round. Largh at the red sparksT MgM, Ami lit wttl fleefc fesm Ike aCgm eteak Till all Oh; fantd le BgBt! From the wealth of the MVtng age, Fxeea the garden grave of death. Cornea one aclatm Ilka a faraMe Xmn Famed to a wMta hot areata. Honor the Man who Tolte And the sound of the anvirr ring: From a deatMere sky a hand as Mgh Ue reached te make a Klrg! - aee JaaeiecaaBii Ob'scnrcd. Chieago Tlns-HraM. "I understand that there Is a .wec In Chicago from the top of which yo earn look Into four states." "Yes; but you can't sea Chicago from It. "How's that'" "The top of it rises above the smoke " MAKES WEAK WOMEN STRONG AND SICK WOMEN WELL, RICHandPOORauke GRATEFUL COMPORTING Distinguished Everywhere For Delicacy of Flavor. Superiority In Quality. Grateful and Comforting to the Nervous or Dyspeptic. Nutritive Qualities Unrivalled. Your Grocer and Storekeeper Sell 1L In Half-Pound Tins only. Frepared by JAMES EPP5 & C9., Ul Homseopathlc Chemists, (.onion, England. BREAKFAST SUPPER Pacific Coast Agents. Shtrwioi S Sberwosd "WORTH ITS WEIGHT IN GOLD" HOXBAX, I. T.. Oct. 21. 1T. DR. RADWAY & CO., New York-Gentlemen: I send Inclosed If. O., for which you wilt please ond me one dozen Radway's Ready Retttf and on dozen Radway's Fills. Your Ready Relief is considered hereabouts to be worth its -MHght In gold. This Is why I am induced to handle it. I have handled Oil for some time, bat I consider the R. R. R. far superior to this, - It gives better satisfaction. J. M. ALEXANDER. Radway's Ready Relief will cure the worst pains In from one to twenty minutes. For Headache whether sick or nervous). Toothache, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Lumbage, pains and irotkness In the back, spine or kidneys, pains around the liver, pleurisy, swelling of the jetnU and pains of all Kinds, the application of Rad way's Ready Relief will afford immediate ease, and Its continued use for a few days efieets a permanent cure. Sold by Druggists. SE 3CKK! TO GET RADWAY'S. Mrs. Ruth Berkely, Salina, K&a., Bays: "Ono of my grandchfldrsn had a severe case of Scrofula, which spread and formed sore3 all over her body. Her eyes were attacked, and we feared she would lose her Bight. The best physicians treated her, but she grew worse, and her case seemed hopeless. We then de cided to try Swift's Specific, and that medicine at once made a com plete cure. She has never had a sign of the disease to return." 6grotiPe iiiif (Swift's Specific) is guaranteed purely Kegetable, and will cure any blood disease it matters not how obstinate or deep seated the case. Valuable books sent f.-se by Swift Specific Co., Atlanta, Qa. I will puarautee that ray Klmuniatisitt Cure wilt relieve hua bajro. sciatica and alt rheumatic paioa in two or three hoara and cure ia a few days. MUNTOX. At all druggist!?, 25c. a vial. GwWe to Health and medi cal advice free. 1503 Arch at. Phlla uCSJii aary fed nbll J fYOO WROMWm ILLNESS Blood THE PAf-ATIAL UN BI1IL0I rtHs tw.' && m , Ifot a dark efilce ta the bnlldli e!ilHteIr Hrejiroeft electric irfll anri artcninn iratert perfrct aanli tioB Had theresc vr ttllatlou. JjJ vatttrs run lHy sad nleKt. 30i AXDERSOX. GOSTAHr. Ateney-at-Law ASSOCIATE NtESg; B. U FoweJU Mr LMTg ASSOCIATION, of Desl Motoes. la.; C A. MeCargar. State Aaent. Cii BBHXXK. M. W Prla. rerate Sberthaadl Scbeet tl, BENJAMIN. R. W.. EtoMtot. BI.NSWANORK. DR. C &. Kiys. & Sur U j BRIERS. DR. 0. g.. FfeyftMan 4J2-.J BCSTEED. RICHARD. Aeat Wilson & M canay Tokeeco CO GC2-1 CALKIN. G E.. EHrtrtet Agent Travels Insurance Co CARDWELL. DR. J. B CLARK. HAROLD. Deattst CLEM. E. A. 4 CO.. Mtnto Proper'les. 315 COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY SM-896-606 607 612 Ut CORNELIUS. C. W.. Phys. and Surgeon COVER. T. C. CaeMer Equitable Utt COLLIER, ?.. PeMMer; S. P. McGuire aiaaaser 4.3-1 DAY. J. O & T. N .. DAVIS. NAPOLEON. President Columbia Telephone Co DICKSON. DR. i F FnysMaa 7.J DRAKE. DR H H. Plqrstetan ... 012 3 I DUNHAX. MRS. GEO. A. ........ DWTER, JA8. T. TMmmcos . .. EDITORIAL ROOMS EIgh 'j fig EQUITABLE LIF3 AS8URANCE SOC1ETX L. Samuel. Manager; P. C Cover tash e- EVENING TELEGRAM-. .. 325 Aider s' FALLOWS, MRS. M. A.. Manager Women DepC MvttMf Reserve Fond Life, ot New York ,. .. ., KENTON. J. D.. Physician and Surgeon FENTON. DR. HICKS C. Eye and Ear FBNTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist . .. FIDELITY MUTUAL LIFE ASS'N E. C Stark. Manager . . FRENCH SCHOOL, toy conversation). Dr. A MtMsarelll, Manager . GALVANL W. H.. Engineer and Draughti man . . GEARY. DR. EDWARD P.. Physician asd Svrgeen . .. G1ESY. A. J Physietan and Surgeon . . " 3 GODDARD, E. C & CO.. Footwear ground fleer 129 5ix str GOLDMAN WILLIAM. Manager Manhat an Life Insurance Co. of New York . ..203-3 RANT, FRANK S.. Attoraey-at law GRRNIER. MISS BEATRICE. Dentist. HAMMOND. A. B HXnXNGSR. GEO. A. i CO.. Pianos and Organ 131 SlxtT HOLLIc-ER. DR. O C. Phys. & Surg 504 IDLEMAN. C. M.. Attorney-at-Law 4 IS " KADY MARK T.. Manager Pacific Norv weat Mutual Reserve Fund Life Asso 804- LAMONT. JOHN. Vice-President and Gen eral Manager Cohtmoia Telephone Co . LITTLEFIXLD. H. R-. Phys. and Surgeon MA CRUX. VT S.. See. Oregon Camera C us MACKAT. DR A. E.. Phjw. and Surg 7 MAXWELL. DR. W. E.. Phys A SarS " MeCARGAR, C. A.. Stale Agent Backers' Life Auocta Hen 302; MeCOY. NEWTON. Attoraey-at Law McFADEN SH8S IDA E.. StenonTaoher McGTNN. HENRY E.. AHrney-a Law 211 ; McKELL. T. J.. Manufacturers' Represent Hire MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist onl j Oral Stir gee , fiOS MOjeMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist. 312 313 i MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO of New York. W. Goldman, Manager 200 : McELROY. DR. .7. G.. Phys A Surg T'll MeFARLAND. E. B.. Seetetary Columb a Telephone Co. , MeGUTRE. 3. P.. Manager P F CoI.Ier Publisher 413 McKIM. MAURICE. Attorney-at-Law MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. of New York. "Wm. "5. Pond, State Mgr 404 4o: MUTUAL RESERVE FWND LIFE A33 V M. T Kady Pacffle Northwest 001 i NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attorney-at Law NILES. M L.. Cuehler Mnnhntfan life In suranee Co.. of New York . OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOrATfTY Dr. L. B. Smith. Osteopath . 40M OREGON CAMERA CLOB 214-213 2 PERNIN SHORTHAND SCHOOL. H. W Behnke. Prte POND. WM. . S4te Manager Mutual L 'e Ins Co. of Jew York. . . 404 403-4 PORTLAND BYK AND BAR INFIRMARY SroHnd floor. 133 Sixth strl PORTLAND FREW CLUK. . . . PROTZMAN EUGENE C. Superintendent Agenrte Mutual Reserve Fund Life, of I Xw York PUTNAM'S SONS. (i. P.. Publisher QC1MBY L. P. W 6ane and Forest- Warden 718-1 REED XALrOLM. Optician 133 lixth s'-8 RFED. F. C . Fth CortHwHMoner RYAN. J. B. Attoraey-at-Iaw &ALI"BfURY GEO N.. Section Director T S. Weather Bureau PAMUEL. L. Manage- SqiittwMc Llfo SANDFORD A C CO PnbttsherV Agts SCRIBNER'S ."ON3. CM AS.. Publishers j. Kobwn Manager .. . 113-316: SHERWOOD T W Deputv Supreme Com mander K. O. T. M SMITH TH L- B OHeeoAth . 408 ON OF THT AMERICAN REVOT.TTTOV STARK K C. Rxeraetve pefial Fide Mnl Life AortBclo of Phlla . Pa TARR COLE Pyrography . .. STEEL. G A . Foreet Inspector STtTR DELL. Atroey-NLaw 613-ftm i 5TOLTT: DR CHAR K. Dentist -04 STTtOTCON OF THE 3. T RY. AND N P TERMINAL CO STROTTBRIDOE. THO H F.xemMve Spe cial Agent MtMwi LKe. of New York cTTpTrTTNTENXerNTt OFFTT TUCKFR. DR GEO F. Dentist r"i TT. S WWATKWR BUREAU BOfl-OOT 00 ! TJ t LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEER 1TTT DrXT. Captain W. Ci Langfltt. Corps of Engineer. U. . A V S ENGINRKR OFFICE. RTVFR JVNH HARBOR IMPROVT04KNTS rapMfn C. Lawtfltt. Corps of Engineers. IT a A WALKER, WILL K.. President Oregnn Camera Cmb 2t4 2H " ' WATKRMAX C H.. Caahter Mu'ual L! of New Tork WATKTNB. M X, L.. Porch Mr a; ser" WFATWrRRED. MRS. BWYTH. Grand rettrr Native Daughter . . " 6 ' WHITE. MISS L. E.. Asat See. Oregon Citj- eva, Cm WILSON. DR. EDWARD N . Phy ft 3ur in WILSON. DR. GW1 F . Phys. lurg WILSON. DR. HOLT C. Phv. & urg 307 i WILSON A MeCALLAT TOBACCO Rtrhard Bwoteed, Aaeat ... 302 'WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician. 412 4 WOLLAXSTTE VALLEY TELEPIL CO A ferr more elesrant Hce mirr TiHd lr apply! B(c e Portland Ttt Campanr ef Oregon. 109 Third at te the rent el eric la tae Bnlldinjc. WRIGHT'S INDIAN VEGETABLE PIL! Are acknowledge fry thousands peasons have used them ror over inriy y SICK HEADACHE aiDOlNE TTON Torp'J Llrr. Wuk b a T l ae pvrif) ih tioo4 fjJfj jwna K T HBKy,ir