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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (July 1, 1880)
July, 1880. THE WEST SHORE. VALUE OF POULTRY MANUKK. The following report to Mr. L, Wright by lr. A. Voeleker, F. It S., appoan in the London Live Stock Journal; Enclosed you will find analyse! of the two samples of ohickon manure whioh Mr. 0. E. Oreuwell, of Hereford, lent me on Marcb to Ivni- hrtUli Freah dried Manure, m .:, n outon ei.os 41.00 Oriranlo matter ami ealtaot niumunla.. SO. IV 38.10 Trtbaalc plutaphato of limo (Itono plios phate) t.Vt 6.1.1 Magnesia, alkaline salts, etc S 03 9.13 Inanluhlo alllcloua maltor (Hand la. 68 IS. 411 100.00 100.00 "Containing nitrogen 1.71 8.78 Kt(ual to ammonia 3. 00 4.60 You will notioo that in a fresh condition the sample of ohicken manure analyzed by mo con tained lil 1 of water in round numbers, and 12J of sand, while the sample of partially dried manure containod 41- of water, and about the same proportion of sand as the fresh dung. Judging from the appearance of the manure, the greater proportion of tho sand, it apnoars to me, arises from earthy matter which the fowls picked up with their final, and is not due to saud merely adhering to the oiorementa externally. I need hardly say that the large proHrtiou of moisture and the considerable amount of useloss silieious matter in fresh chickens' dung, detract much from its valuo as a manure. However, chicken dung, although greatly inferior to I'oru vian guano, is a much more concentrated fer tilizer than tho best description of ordinary farmyard manure, which seldom yields moro than three-fourths per oent. of ammonia, whereas tho sample of fresh chicken manure analyzed by mo contained nn amount of nitrogonous organic matter and salts of ammonia, capable of yield ing, on linal decomposition, H of ammonia. The agricultural ana commercial value of the dung of horses, cows, sheep, pigs, pigeons, fowls, and of concentrated artilioial manures, such aa Peruvian and other varieties of ammoniacal guanos, deiMind mainly upon tho percentage of nhosimate of lime and of iiitronon. or its euuiv- alentof ammonia, which these various fertilizers contain. In former yoars, when Peruvian guano was exclusively imiwrtod into England from the Chincha islands, in the north of the Peruvian coast, the guano depoaitod on those islands in a rainless country and rapidly ilried by a boiling sun heat, generally yielded from 1(1 to 18 of ammonia. The southern Peruvian guano de posits, from which our supplies havo been drawn for tho last few years, vary much in composition. The best cargoes of Poruviau guano at present seldom contain moro than 10 or 1 1 of am monia ; those of a modium quality from (i . to 8, and cargoes selling at about 8 per ton, from 3 to 4. Tho latter, however, are much richer in phosphate of lime than high ammo niaoal Peruvian guanos, and not unfroUoiitly contain over 40, , of phosphate of lime. Compared with Peruvian guano, and adopting the aame rates bv which the ollicial price of dif ferent cargoes of Peruvian guano is regulated, 1 tind fresh chicken manure of the quality of the sample analyzed by me is worth, 111 round numbers, about i a ton, and tho sample of Rrtially dried manure aliout U 4s. per ton. geon dung, I tind, ii rather more valuable than fowls' dung. With regard to the application of chicken manure, I would observe that the least expen sive, and probably tho boat way of using it is to make it with dry earth, burnt olay, wood ashes, and such like matters, into a e.mipcmt. Muni with about twice iU weight of dry earthy mat ters of this kind, it will soon be reduced into a fairly dry and powdery state, in which it may be readily spread broadcast on the land, or be sown by the manure drill, and Ik found a useful general manure for every kind of garden pro. 3nce. For root crops turnips, carrots, kohl rabi, mangels chicken manure, reduced into a dry and powdery state, should bo mixed with an oiiual weight of superphosphate of lime, ami the mixture be drilled in with the aood at the rate of B awt. per acre. In making tho earth com post, quicklime, in my judgment, should not be mixed with the chicken dung, for the etleot of (uioklime upon fowla' excrement is to hlioralo ammonia, which would escape and be loat in a uiual measure, On Lite otuur haiut, there is no harm, but every advantage, in mixing good aoot with chicken dung, for unadulterated aoot gen erally oontaina from ."i to -I , of ammonia, or nearly twico as much as I found in the sample of froah chicken dung which Mr. t'reaawell aent me. Soot, when it oan lie procured, ia a good drier for chioken manure, and at the aamo time adds ammonia to it. In the absence of soot, 1 would recommond to mix tho fresh ohickon manure with some burnt gypaum, to which a amall quantity of aujierpfioaphate of limo may lie added, the free acid of which will effectually prevent the oacaie of ammonia from tho chicken dung. A mixture of two parts of burnt gysum and one part of mineral atiierphoaphate may be kept ready for the purpnao of aliaorhing the ex cess of moisture in froali chicken dung, anil facil itating its reduction into a fairly dry ami friable manure. Three parts of freah chicken manure and one part of tho preceding mixture of burnt gypaum and aiiperplioaphate, when kept for a short tunc under cover, and turned over once or twice, and Dually paaanil through a screen or sieve, I believe will tie found a uaeftil and good manure for most crops, when uaed at the rate of 8 or 10 owt. per acre. ritati'AKA rioN or MAsrux. We Unci in tho Amrriam Cultivator the fol lowing aucount of experience: I took my shovel and spread a thin layer of the manure on tho barn lloor and thoroughly wet it; then another in the asitio wsy on top of that, until 1 had the whole in a compact pile, and, as 1 thought, perfuctly wet. The next morning I began to turn it over to see thu re sult. I found a great part of it dry, but I liked tho way it was working, so put on more water. After working it over three or four timua, and applying water as needed, I hail a pile of as nice liHikiuit fertilizer aa you would wiali to see, almost aa line as powder. In 48 hours it was very hot, requiring to be turned over every i'i hours until used. I droppo I a large handful in each hill for corn, covering it with a hoe aa 1 would corn, then planted the corn in the hill thus made. Not 0110 lull on the piece failed to come up, and it ia growing the best of any corn I ever hail. You may ask the use of tho water. Why not put the manure in the hill dry ami cover the aamo? The reason ia, it won't accompliah its object. I have tried it and know. The corn will oome up all right, but after a little time it ceases to grow. Dig to the root ami you will tind it completely eaten up by the manure. The reason everyone can understand by a few mo. incuts of thought. I uaed some mix d with meadow mud, about three parts mini to one manure, using a little more to each hill, and dropping the corn uui it without covering it (the manure). The result was that nearly one half of the seed never came up. Cokwtioms Ixjiimoi's tii Hiniir in HtMimiI. CllU.liKKN. Prof, Itaux mentions the following: Air vitiated by animal emanations, vegetable or mineral dust, the smoke of various cmnhuatihlea, esix'ciaJly tobacco, in which nicotine exists. Teuiierature too high or too low, and sudden changes or drafts. Clothing too tight, par ticularly at tho neck or waiat. Position with the head and body ton much Itent lorarard dur ing labor with the eyes. Premature atudy, al oes of mailing, etc. Atoohollo exoiina. Use of the eyes and brain immediately after sating Habitual couatipalion, cold feet, and everything which lenda to produce congestion of the head. Immorality, especially during childhood and youth. e might aaaign a eauae atlll more po tent than any of the foregoing, via: a dstleuney of light IMtuU iMOtrt. NF.W INVENTIONS. Wo publish descriptions of the following new inventions, obtained through IVwey A Co., Mining ami .SViVnfaV I'rtu Patent Agency, San Francisco: BrMWH lonovn FritiMeM Wm ft Klnrh F.urvka, Cal. Patented Juno ISSO. No, "i'JO, 0;b'. This invention relates to certain im provements iu the construction of magaaine lire arms of that elaas in which a vertically running breechblock is operated by a lover and serves aa a carrier to transport the cartridge from the magaaine to the rear open end of the Iwrrel, into which it ia forced by mochaiiiaui for the purpose. It consists in a novel construction and combination of a solid breech-block which is moved vertically in tho frame at the rear of the barrel with a swinging arm, by which the cartridge ia forced into the Iwrrel, an that the brocch-lilook ia allowed to move up and clean the breech. The whole ia oieratod by a single lever beneath the gun, and the aamo action oncka the gun and looks thu breech. block when closed, so that it cannot be oioiiad. Hai.INii I'i. 1 John Cook, Healdaburg, So noma Co., Cal. Patented Juno 8, IHHO. No. '."J8,,M3. This press conaiata in the employment of a horizontal Ihix having a follower oimratcd by a peculiar windlass or eaisUn and ropaa and pulley, which are placed along the aides of the 101; and it also conaiata in a novel method of holding and tightening the baling rowa while the follower ia moving up. so that they are all ready to be tied when tho lisle ia pressed, A lever ia llttod to the press by whluh the bain may lie ejected as anon as llniahed. I Inn preaa is eootioinically built ami operated, and ma tonal ia easily introduced, and bales removed without supplemental doors or severe lalior. IflioBW FiitKAiitt. A. Sohnoldor, 'U Krin St., S. F. Patented June H, lv.11. No. 'JtfM,. MO. 1 his invention relate to certain improve, iiienta in hrocnh loading magaaine llrearnia, and it is especially adapted to ha used in oaa.a whore the magazine extends beneath ami iarallnl with the barrel of the arm. And it oousisis in a ver-tioally-movlng hi ... h hi... k 111 combination mil, an operating lever, provided with means for giving the bio, I, an intermittent movement, whereby the breech-block Is mads to muse whon opposite tho barrel while the cartridge is forood home, the operating levor moving eon. liuiiously. (lHArriSll Tool Chsrie. W. Unit, PeUlu ins, Sonoma Co , Cal. Patented June ''i, I Mm). No. V2U,04(). This device conaiata in the em ployment of a iair of pivoted handles, one of which is int.. I lo rocelv. a curved wooden block or bed with an elastic surface, uxiu which the cutler acta, while the other opsral. ing arm moves the cutter which is pivoted to it The upper end of the cutter la alao pivoted to the end of a aupplemoiital arm whioh ei lends hack and unites with the hsndle upon the op (Haute aide ol the pivot, so as to produce a parallel motion of the uutter, which inturea ,i, making a alraight clean cut whatever the thick nose of tho eoioti or stock to be operated upon. 'I'i i' in is W a ran Wuvei Wm. Hachenoy, S. K. The wheel ia made in a frame aj as to be easily portable, ami la Intended particularly for running with a amall head of water, anas to utilize all the aupply without waaU of powsr. It has peculiarly operating gates lor controlling the admiasion ol the water to the scrolls, and in a peculiar oonatrueliou of the step or hearing for the reduction of wear. Hoaauiloi ToR-Wfliillr. Wm. II. Huhuge, Msulo Park, Kail Mateo t o., Cal. Patented I ItK). No. MaVMt Tha shoe has weight attached by mssns of a dovetailed shsnk, fitting in a correspondingly shaped alot in the alios and secured by a screw. hen this weight is removed the shoe becomes a plain, ordinary ahoe, with no projection or addition to interfere with the horse1 a actlou.
