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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (June 1, 1877)
184 THE AVE ST SHORE June. CORN IN POBK MAKING, In umr to un iiuiuiry on tin- question, how many pODIldl "f pork will a hushed of com make ami the relative value of corn a-r htishcl, in O0mprilon with the price of pork, wo have examined the raoordi of careful experiment! by farmers, with a riew to eettuu at facta. Prom these we have selected a ntiuiher of canal hear log directly upon the question, tin- experiment! oeiiiK, 01 dodim, nui t.y reeaing in pent, ilnce in do other way can the question be Hatinfacto Hly decided. An impression prevails that when pork in VOrth live renin jer pound, J,'riin, coin in worth 00 Oentl to the furiner to feed, Thil in not far OUt of the way, where fair care ami Judgment in lined in the feeding, Wciiitf on the hasia of ten IHimiiU of iKrk per bushel of oorn, (hie of tde cxj-eriinciits we present in liy Mr. U li. Biugbjun, tUoomiugt Wiaoontin, where 60 buaheli "f corn at M poundi per buihel, pro duoed i gaii of 667 poundi of pork everigiagft gtU of a little over li! pOUUdl pOT hushe! of helled corn, Thui, if pink lie worth nix cents mt pound, DOTH in worth 7'-' cents per buihel, tta Mr. .1. M. BillJngiby. Spring Valley, Indiana, feil "I buihell of corn in the ear, at liH j udl per buihel, which gave 7H pounds Of Jtork. nila average wai a trifle leu than II poundi per buihel of ilry com. At nix cent! per pound lor pork the corn give him lit! oentl per buihel at live oentl, fifi ceiitH per buihel, end m od (low 11 the neale. Tim Iowa Agricultural Report for 1872, iveH the record of live peni of wine, of two each, put np September 4th, the weight of the twine nelng given when put in and when taken ..ut. The were of the following breodll Native, lierkuhirr, Cheiter White, a orou between licrk- shire and . theater White, and a ems of luster ind Suffolk. In ail, ten hoge. On October 10th they were unin weighed. Each of the five peni had been fed uvea and one half buaheli of new pom on the ear, or ,'17 buihell for the ten hogM. They gained in thin time 616 nounda. I Ins new corn fed averaged alniiit lit (MO pence iter uuinei oi corn fed. The number of pOUndl made per hushel of com fed wan not ntate.i, hut WOUlt be 13,44 pound, The pork muittliereforehave brought himf&ffilpor 100 pOUndl, Thin will oomepond with the market pnee in mjik in, null time. Ill these expcri ntlWUget an an average gain fnrtln.se wt have noted, fint, iny 13 poundi per buihel -f corn; seennn, say I I poninln; ami lor the live peU, nay 8 pOUndll an average for the whole, in round imiiihern, of ' poundi of nrk per buihel of com fed, and including shelled com, old oom in the ear, and new corn in the ear. Thus we think I'J poundi gain may be taken an a fair liiwm for the number of N)UD(ll to he gamed per buihel "f corn fed, when good care in lined. Prairie ftirojer. FIGHTING GRASSHOPPERS, Our readers will recall the Ippointment thil spring of a Government .rasHhoner Commie aioii, The L'oiiiminnioii undertaken, u a branch of its labors, the promulgation of the beet meani of lighting the Iniecta In order to do mime good thin IIMOU, there wan Bent out, a few dayn ago, a preliminary report of waya ami meani of destruction. We ball quote from thin reMrt some of the methods Mid to he iiumt effective, an they are Hot uninteresting reading. Heavy rolling, where the surface of the soil is Hiilliciuiitly linn and even, destroys a large Him. I- r of the newly-hatched yitiing during the lirnt eight or 10 days after hatching, and in the morning! and evening! lubeequently. They then drive ahuont as readilv an Hlieen. ami mav be burned in large quantities by cirig driven into winrOWl or piles of burning hav or straw They may also Ihj killed with keroneiie, and by nn aim of flattened beating implement!. Hut the bent method in ditching. A ditch two feet wide and two feet deep, with perpen dicular widen, offen an effectual barrier to the young insects. They tumble Into it and accum ulate ami die at the bottom in large ipuuititien. In a few dayn the iteuch beoomee greet, end necessitates the covering of the muss. In order to luep the main ditch open, therefore, it in liest t dig pits or deeper Hide ditches at abort interval, into which the 'hoppeil will ueunM late and be buried. Made annuel a field about hatebing time, few 'hoppers will get into that Held till they acquire wings, and by that time the principal danger is over, and tile insects are AN'OLU-C'OUNTIIY SHEPHEIIU ( hir readers w ill smile at the illustration upon this page, and deem it a fancy sketch, or at least an ex agge ration, but it is not, it is a sketch from nature in the southwestern part of France. Portion! of that country are exceedingly damp ami marshy; as they afford excellent pasture for sheep, however, they are quite well settled, the Inhabitant! calling in the aid of stilts to aid them in locomotion over their nozv iiasturcs. Si, accustomed to them do they become that in ! time walking without them goes an awkwardly i with them, almost, as walking with them would t.i ti ., i L.. - Willi un. i nu ; in ii 1 1 siiepucru in uur engrat lus in improving his time with the knitting nee- dies while his flocks are quietly feeding the ! manufacture of the family stockings still being 1 a masculine duty in some of the back countries ol hurojHs, j Hkss IN FRANCE According to AflimnUu j tiim, there are in France about 40,0(10,000 hens, ! which are estimated to have an average value of j 2.60 francs (."() cents) each, or 100,0OO,00OfraneH (620,000,000) In all. Of these about one-tilth are consumed annually, at a market value of ;..IHH),(HK) francs. There are also hatched an nually 100,000,000 chickens, from which should be taken 10,000.000 of producers destined to re place the adults that have been sacrificed. The quantity mun w runner reauoeu oy n,ooo,oito, on account of accidents and disease. We have, then, the number of 80,000,000 of chickens, which, sold at l..0 francs apiece, give a profit of il!0,000,000 of francs. To this should be added, on account of the, extra value of capons THH OHRRRYMOYKIl We hear that fruit from the chcrrynioycr, cashew tree ( Ami-)i 'iittm nf'Uiihilr, ,,J ri- poned in San Diego Co., OaL, during thepreeeut year. We notice that the Floridiaiis are grow. ing it. Mi . Benjamin Hall writee to the Flor .. Agrimttwrtti a foUowai Thin large, wide spreading tropical trre in of the family "i TnrtbtKtkaeetr, Its haves are of a bright green odor, entile ami lanceolate. The fruit oonaiiti of a pear or imcumber-ihapml IfUlt ste which in a large brown nut. The two are uied both raw an well ae cooked into dishes. The fruit stem w hen ripe has an acid lei to, nnd the kernel, when peeled and roasted, tastes very much like oheatuuta, formerly the natives ut Bnudl went to war with each other oii account of thin fruit, ami the oonquerori eitahliihed thonuwlvea about the trees till the fruit wan all eoniumed. Thletree is indigenoui to the Weil Indlee, Central America, Guiana, leruaml llnuil, and in cultivated to a ounaider able exteul there eiao, The I'ortugueec trauH planted thil useful tree an early h t lie loth oentury to the Kdwt Indiei and the Indian archipelago. n it uamee point to an Amor tan origiu, Ita exiiteuoe on the eaitern ooait ot Africa is of ut ill more recent date, whih neither i lima, Japan nor tin- lalandi ol the oltia ocean ire aoquaintad with it. u fruit stem beometimei longer 11101 entnetiami ihoitet, rarying with the innuenoeul oulUvai hi the Aalatte plant the stem is always shorter. Ttua beautiful tree ippeare to be deeerving of much merit, ami is 111 every netinc worthy ut a careful trial III the lull of IN70 your correspondent re- oeivad neil from Mr. UodruMton, of the ytr- We AgrkuUwitt. and planted in November In three w.-ekn thereafter the young plants had broke gmetid, and grew vigorously until the ex treatl cold weather net 111, when the mercury lor two mornings ragiltored U and 41 , which nearl checked their growth, They at thil tune are marly eight inches 111 bight, stocky, with MUUe I'.' or II leave! Ave inches 111 length and two m width. The ypug tme are now looking hue, igoh!im mid healthy, bidding fair to Ik adapted to our .il and climate. l. the u,w th. editor of Urn Agrimlhuitt atlds the hint ami 1111U are not the only Mln,. lor which the cashew live is famed. ' It pn.. daces nuu wkiek h Npertor togmmuuble, he taiee from the nut ii my caustic. mi.I oto. auoai paiulul wound il it touobee the ueehi 11, tMrefore, requirei to be veil parohed before U.ing tit tor um food, The (nut l y.-rv BH lor Bfeeajn Kg, and uudni a good nw. ftt Parm Tta hot weather hut week broagM mm by tkouiaada, u not more w meet thvitl thus, getting th, hint from m w change l'owd.,,,1 IdacW up.r 1. mil nh lyrup to a thnl paeta, wlueh is nwcad by invans ot a btoaal ktwak upon oeane MoMum paper, Oomama brown eynip win uunrer, but lyrap made from oigai li pmarakia, u it -in, , iuiektr. For eaa. a piaee ol this pap,.T is laid UN4i a plate and dampened with water. The aiM-r BWy also ha maili' dirvcth at the null by adding sugar to the pulp, and afU-rwanU a iliiartvr to Uf thml of jowleml black pep(rr, and rapidly working tt into a porous iUm pepr." AN OLD-COUNTRY SHEPHERD, fait disappearing. If any should hatch within We melon me, they ire easily driven into the ditches due m dilleivut harts of the Held Tl... direction of the apprehended approach of the Inaocj being known, from their natching local ity, ditching one or two sides next to such local- ItV U MflMwlIu U1,li;..i.,i, A ..I , , " "J . ou n m o i;trmcp4 join tiny can oonitruet a long ditch which will We have not a doubt but that with proper id ivatamatla .In. Ion., I ,1 ' when the ItlsectH ticHt hatoh ivmuII ' laved, When water oau be 1st Intn th,. Jit. ),,- toai to cover the bottom they mav be made ihallower, ami still be effeotive A dit, h thr.- f.vl 1 , mgly deep, will be mure apt to permit the cs- ancol ttie niMCts .v Ii, 11 ,111,-., 01 tl ...... rower one. Ill liotu.iin;. the more Mmttiilimi. urtafl la n tar the direction the insects must take th I Woodruff Total. taeh Uhi and .ullctn, a num of t.'.IKKl.tHHI francs Ml .AUl IKHI Tl,.. JO IUy ,uut 1 I ' . tr -vwtww iieim lay eacn UN l'L.'L's in the vi'ilr tin , ,.n ,.u .1 t..i..l 1 iuui ,u... lilTl 1 J LTl T!'""7 """"iWSfcWtt- UWOI eggs, worth mx centimes each, or in all ..-10,1100,000 francs. Thus, a commercial move ment of nearly HNI.(KKUHK) francs (SS0.tK10,tHt a year is generated in French farmyards. ii,rl r iu 1 1 1.. I. ...I ,w - the wider the ditch, if it ha coriviL,.tn,,.tv deetX the more Aeotnal it mil ium 1.. ..." ntumul nUM wtum tl... I L. u 1 ....... nn HH hi imhh 1 11 1 L grow n and the w md is high, ho ns toa.nsit them. ell tlie two t,4.t ditch Icwi'a much of H value One ol the tuoHt ..il... noil ......... ..f - ing the young hvnsU, and one which is too .if. ten oerlooke,l. localise its aflkflfca r.. .,.. .1. nvtly a.rvtit, is the preservation and uiulti WooDwir? 8ctKKTmo F:xmiiTioN.-Tlie plan is to charter a steam vessel and carry a load oi professors and students around the world on a two-ycars' cruise of scientitie study and observation. The plans are all laid and the imp will tail from New York city October U IS... Among the professors who will emliark we notice iPjoT. a a. Wilder, of CkmrnTJi Prof . Q, l arlow, of Harvard; Prof. S. I. Smith, . . . ..... .,,. uw m uozeu ouiers. I he enter- U i ..' V oiauagemcnt ot UT. .lames nui ua uamai aiMmnley, of Indian- aisdis, Indiana. We Udievo tl,t ',i;.....; h r students places la the lloating university arc still acceptable and lull information can lie game, by addressing the managers at the place HAM vonSiM.wn .ivx A writer gives the S2&4JWC : H-lasfor l......;.. ii ' ;wo-wuna lean. ' ' ""'oa sma u teasiHMiutul each of pe ,, .. ii , ,,, uii.i nnuu- , .:. hhiuw wwbu oi pen- plication of th,. native birds. Without under. lwr lwuuv Al"1 " rwst'nibin' or llalfonl sauce taking at this UflM to MMjeUV tta Mwvive whit-h muari fayeune pepper; mix thoruucldy ami keen m a tit- it v ,.,v..Hbl 1 i t. Hadwiohaa, cut white bread in nnooth slices of uniform thickness, ipread thinly with bmu-r then spread with the prepared ham thickly or thmly as nlaj your taste; cut the .lie aenwn. and place the halves together with the hain be mm In adding the cayenne Bam, put in a lit t e a a tune and taste, idding to suit your self. I make a pint Umlful at a time. 'hould U onimv-uik ,,i...,..:.i l'l , ', there is yet mme ditlerence of arinhm mm l'. hive that until tlieuscleMHiH.. ...., iRitinguiihed from tin.-., that are beoeficia heel to l,r,,l... t all b, ......... I.:. , . muii hiwl ami il the laws ot the State aiv inMitti.o.nt hm AU puriHsK, let communities, township wi wmil. Hal use all their lawful imwem therefor. fhicVcns, turkeys and koga devour them tit loeut ilivaaion. or whenever th., ' t...... ' . i . ' .1 T 1 loS'T rew ! s ,i pu, EST h I 5r7f n"u 3 t of BEAT. 1 n reauiuiiig Iiib lectures at the Royal In8ti fcntion, London, Prof. Tyndjdl, bnving caused a ball of lead to fall from the roof of the theater on to a stone, drew the hall uj again and let it down gently with a string and puUoy, The heat generated by the collision in the iirst in stance was the exact equlvalant of the heat pro duced in his linger and thumb and in the string in the second instance. Tin- mtt.. ""J oi .ne mnnuar loroe sxponded in drawing up the drawn up again by a Binall engine worked by compressed heat. The exact equivalent of the heat evolved by a quantity of coal, completely ClBnt to lilt a weight of 60 tons to a hieht of 11. f-.i i. .1 i i.i i , . y : T""1 '" Fwnoeti by In- i iilli-iuu ol ti.:., in.-iMs wil i I in inil, ...i. ' allowed to falL Qivon th. velocity of a body the heat generated by the destruction of that velocity could bo easily calculated, and some time ago he was led to the conclusion that the stoppage ot a rifle bullet would produce luffl cient heat to fuse the metal. This conclusion was proved in the r'rauco-dcnnnu war, when 7 "'oppcu oy contact with a bone, showed on being extracted undoubted C, j i i " i 1 iiioioii. ino iamL. thing had also DHtt illustrated incidentally in the experiments with gun cotton at Stowmar ket. The old notion of heat was that it was a lUHtanoS which could be sipieezed out of mat- " " "."www uui oi a sponge. A bullet nnMnd in a hydraulic press acquired heat w hich una . . ... 1 - . - . 1 ),..; .' " " iii me gal- oj wid uieriuo.eieciric pile. Kvon H late as the tunc of Faraday, it was conceived , , ..B .... ,iu;n sonic noiiies lad a I'reriti'i- iiiiiii'if. il..... ..11 ii ... , , , i "iiieio. ii com. pressed air from one vessel was allowed to pas. nio a vessel in winch the pressure was much less, it would have tan said that the motion of . B -.wMw ciopiy vessel a greater capacity for heat. The heat thus pro duoed was shown by means of the galvanometer and thermo-electric pile; hut the reason for that heat was, said 1'rof. Tyndall, quite differ- cntly undent 1 now. The coefficient of the expansion of gases was next described with some minuteness! and, continuing the illustra. turn of what used to lie tanned "capacity for heat, the lecturer said the explanation of dif. I 1 1 hi in.1 1 1 ul..... ml. ;....i.i i- .c , ... ..qmH M, me same ue- gree ol heat, not possessing iu themselves the Mine amount, of h.eit ll.n l.-.l . ". ue.ti, nail two olieratioiis on.. ..... ..I..-,: . iii . ' . jow"wih oi ircmors (which was hcat, the other the weakening of molecular attraction. Thus, if 1 1 ...i 7 were exposed to the same high temperature the ....... . t muuu mater man tile iron, bo- oauae in the former caao less internal molecular work wa. perfomwd, and more heat was ex Mndod in the production of tremors; while in the latter case more heat was used np in inter nal work, and less in the production of tremors. 1 ho same degree of heat was in operation, hut the apparent results were different, and lioucc grew up the very natural notion that different Isiities had different capacities for heat. Flux nn Wiurnto Stefx An intelligent reader of feb. ltnfn4..- ...t a..iu.. . . v. ........ .,, iioi.ir-, who has bad extensive experience in welding steel, and steel to iron, communicates the billowing lunnou aim manipulation ol the heated metals to lie welded, lie says: "To one nart of Hone ol sulphur add two parts of sal ammonite and ... t ... uwu. rtitcr Having pulverized these iiigrcdicnts, mmglc the mass thoroughly nanlmnkaM, fi .i. . h 1 : "i i'". iw liiu lire, anil con tinue a steady heat until every partielo is ... TT . lllu spume nas illsap- petnd from the surface, the llux should ho 1 1 i . I i. in i in.. . 1 i -11 . .. i , .......... il. uwi ami aiioweil 10 cool. Mow redui c it to a tine mwu n..,t will be ready for use. When two pieces of steel are to lie welded, the ends should Iirst be heated t,, iwlniu.. i n i .... , . . . - ,y " i iisi nun scales no re moved by libug or grinding, after which let the DUta! ha hiatal In i -...i - . -- , . , ;,: ... miu sicaov nro ol charcoal until a welding heat is attained, when tile heated steel u-ill .,. I . !.: .!.. ,, . i'1-v.ti ,.i a oiigiiL nunri .rent car.: must he exercised lest the surface of ". "" ' w to a Uegrce ol heat above the welding nt, wlii.l, is always luinoui to good teel. Now sprinkle some of the llux on the heated bars remove all scales, return the parts to .he lire, bring them carefully to a welding i . -i , vuiul' smoolli surlaccs beneath tte hammer. A skillful smith who ...... . .... . ,1 noiueii experience m welding, hi HI II t".K:,,rl"n"" 'ifetory job with I , , v "v.uiug sieci to steel, or steel to iron. I'll: Ut eris.: A l- , . . ; " . iciicn ciillioustililc eom,iind has a htH of carlsmiasl tan or wikxI bark and this ,s mixed with a small quantity of nitrate of lead or si.irit, of niter, slaked lime or loan, bc,g adiloif as agglutinative matter. It ignites easily, bum, gradually and eontinu ou.lv in tins state, and still slower by adding a small quantity of wood charcoal dust. Neitfier , , v e i.,viiiii,i,.. a ,aii ,,,ia. tit burned in a foot-warinor or obafilu nan. win. a uimtct supply ( air, will not lieeut rely consumed for l,ut Hi hours, and during that lie ,1 develop heat enough , ,, m partment of an ordinary carriage. The danger ous radmad stove may lie succeeded hv a,Um provement 0 ,,lch u( this. It may lH. that steam nipaa suiudinl Witt cMher hie or exh.l,,, .,!, Q gj I. ? " "1"'"' ''t!ht Is' mm h tt,r. but , ,. cert.,,, tti.t some general pro. , ," r ims source of danger to life and property is needed. 8 lilAllkl llM. .- - .asi raigllsli Arctic .-,,.. .. .,,, coulirm the view, of g aciali.t. m-ting the origin of U,e l'andlel . ..... . .. iu..imiiartornu.t.. MllK,h Mntaa found in fre.h-.ater lakes, kept ia 2SiXSitSa!ri!fte 1at rel.rJ.ente V . . I j , maWt the Hen Re glner damme.1 th. y,y , ro,lucing an .xtenwve lake.