Roseburg news-review. (Roseburg, Or.) 1920-1948, September 21, 1938, Image 13

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Roseburg news-review., September 21, 1938, Page 13, Image 13

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Newspaper Page TextTHIRD SECTION THE DOUGLAS COUNTY.DAILY VOL. XLIII NO. 132 OF THE EVENING NEWS ROSEBURG NEWS-REVIEW, ROSEBURG. OREGON, WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 21. 1938. VOL. XXVII NO. 42 OF ROSEBURG .REVIEW Ml GRANGE EDITION GE mm Pull-Together Policy Of Farmers Shown by Heavy 1 Business of Cooperatives Gross Transactions Aggregate Nearly 3 Billion Yearly, With Every State in Union and Practically Every Agricultural Product Represented; Products of Dairy Industry Lead in Returns. Uy It. C. DOIISEY Courtesy The National Orange Monthly. , Long years ago, the Founders of the Grange wrote this Impressive sentence, which has been a verita ble keynote of tile organization for almost three-quarters of a century: "We propose meeting together, talking together, selling together, and in general acting together, for our mutual protection nnd advance ment as occasion may require." Many people laughed 72 years ago at such a suggestion, because tim Kneerlnir nhrase. "Farmers nev er pull together," was an oft-repent- mi rnnrnnnii heaned unon the era of the soli perhaps to some , tory. During the past five years degree justified by conditions pre- farmers have been organizing co Tailing at that time. How coin- ops at the rate of about 400 a year, pletely this situation has changed Heaviest concentration of nssocia nnd the extent to which Grunge tions continues to be in the Cen advocacy nnd Influence have been tral nud Middle Western states, responsible for the transformation , but growth has been1 marked in will nrobnblv never be known, but, New York nnd New England, some nnri mnt'o Ir coming a reair zatlon of what has taken place nnd of the Orange part in it. Significantly stated, in actual fig ures, the extent of present-day farmer cooperation Is Impressively told in tlio story below, which conies directly from the United States Department of Agriculture nt Washington, specifically pre pared for The National Grange Monthly by an expert ot the depart ment. ' It Is a picture of "farmers pulling together" for the promotion of their own welfare, which can hardly be equaled in nny branch of American activity. Its careful reading should inspire progressive lillers of the soil everywhere and 'proves beyond question the extent of Grnnge Influence and leadership in cooperative directions. As n Lec ture Hour feature on Grange pro grains of the early fall, this coop erative story will bo both timely and instructive. How Grange Began Seventy-two years ago this sum mer, when President Andrew John son directed the Commissioner of Agriculture to send n "clerlt' through the Southern States to ob tain "statistical and other informa tion," the man selected for the job was voting Oliver Hudson Kelley. Appalled by the antiquated meth ods of agriculture and the lack of business training among farm peo ple In the war-torn South, Kelley came back to Washington, resigned his job, and with $2.50 in his poc ket sot out to found a new order of agriculture. It was the beginning ot the National Grange nnd tho first period of agricultural coop erative development in the United States. From Washington, D. C, during the last days of this July, came first news of another- statistical survey, the results of which even so ardent a cooperator as Kelley himself could scarcely have fore seen. Statisticians sent out by the 12 banks for cooperatives, working In cooperation with agricultural colleges and universities, brought back their taily sheets showing, that there are today nearly 10.000 farmer cooperatives and mutual companies In the United States, wilh over S.OUO.tinn farmer mem bers. The first actual door-to-door count of fanner cooperatives to be made In this country is now being completed. Upswing Noted It was known, of course, that ag ricultural cooperation, after suf fering a setback during the first period of the depression, had start ed to grow again. The cooperative division of the Fnrm Credit Admin istration sends out mailed inquir ies to co-ops which enable It to es timate the total business and mem bership from year to year. What was not known definitely, however, is that agricultural cooperation is todav in a stronger position than nt any other time in its history; that gross business aggregated nearly S3. 000.000.000 annually; and that every second farmer Is sup porting the movement by doing business with one or more farmer owned cooperative organizations. Cooperative marketing has ex panded to such an extent that it is now to be found in every one of the 4S states and covers practi cally every farm product---grain. fruits, vegetables, dairy products nnd virtually every type oi live stock known to American agricul ture. The business of most of the older types of marketing co-ops such as those handling milk and cheese, grain and livestock is hack where it was before the de pression. In the newer field of fruits, vegetables and specialty crops, the business of farmer-owned organizations is at the highest level on record. Meanwnile. farmers purchasing organizations hai'e nearly doubled their business dur ing the past five years. Virtually every type of supply needed on the fnrm today can be bought from cooperative outlets. Cooperatives Combine The number of associations pri marily engnged In marketing of purchasing has not changed during the pa-st in years. The actual num ber shown by the survey is 10,752. Due to the ndvance in transporta tion facilities and other causes, many small co-ops have combined into larger units. This tendency to decrease has been offset by the organization of new cooperatives till-'and by expansion into new terri of the Southern states and nearly all of the Pacific Coast and Inter- mountain area. Minnesota Tops List Minnesota continues to head the list In number of farmer coopera tives, having over 1300. California has the largest volume of coopera tive business, due in large part to the producer-owned citrus market ing Industry. From one-fourth to one-third of all the farmers In most of the Central and Middle Western states are selling nil or a part ot their farm and ranch products through their own cooperative as sociations, nnd many of them are also buying supplies cooperatively. Business Enormous The actual volume of farm pro ducts sold and supplies purchased by farmers through cooperative as sociations has Increased over $760, 000,000 In value since 1932 to up- proximately S2,iou,ouo,uuu in.iado, the year covered by the survey. Over 7400 co-ops sell farm products as their main business. A Jis of all the staples, specinlty crops and livestock products which are going m market alone the cooperative way covers several pages, including everything from annua io ziuinus yes, mere are scores oi cu-uim through which farmers are selling flowers, plants and nursery pro ducts. In 193G farmers received si. 702.000.000. or one In every tour of their cash income dollars, from cooperative marketing organiza tions; nnd bought for their own use over $337,000,000 worth of farm supplies. Dairy Products Lead Farmers received their largest eturns from the sale of milk and other dairy products. Net sales ag gregated $550,000,000 for the sur- vev venr. Cooperative dreamer ies and fluid milk associations ac-N counted for the bulk of sales. Value of cooperatively marketed wheat, corn, oats, barley and other grains amounted to $331,000,000; fruits nnd vegetables, $274,000,000; live stock, $305,000,000; cotton, $283,- 000.000; poultry, $87,000,000. The new survey shows that far mers nre now making an estab lished place for cooperative pur chasing. The membership ill pur chasing associations has doubled since 1932. Over 2600 associations are now selling feed, fertilizers, oil and gasoline, farm ninchinery. naiiits. hardware, containers and other products as their main line of business; nnd nearly 4000 mar keting associations are Handling supplies as a side-line activity. Large-scale organizations like the Grange-League Federation in New York State and the Grange Cooper ative Wholesale of Seattle, Wash ington, are supplying the needs ot local purchasing co-ops covering one or more stntos. In the field nf oil and gasoline the growth of farmer-owned organizations has been almost phenomenal. Over 1050 farmers' co-op filling stations in 26 states are pumping gasoline ar. oil to their members as a prin cipal business, and over 700 other associations are selling these and other petroleum products as a side line activity. Ten years ago there were only a handful of such or ganizations. Today they dot the ag ricultural map from Ohio to Mon tana and are moving into Eastern and Pacific Coast states. Cash Dividends Paid Agricultural cooperation is pay ing dividends. The survey-takers from the Banks for Cooperatives found that In addition to providing more effective marketing or rarm products and reasonable-cost farm supply purchases, over 5000 of the 10.752 marketing and purchasing associations turned back patronage dividends to their members in 1936 amounting to more than $2a.00O, jooo. Most of these co-ops also pay dividends on their stock owned by farmer-members. Fanners In California, profiting particularly from cooperative salea of oranges and other citrus fruits, Officers of Oregon State Grange Coming to Roseburg for Annual Conference Scheduled October 1 ft - fee R. W. GILL . . - - . i Officers of Oregon State Grange the annual grange conference open above are (top row) Ray W. Gill, sluto grange master; Mrs. W. J. Wil cox, Mosiei'i chairman of the stato (bottom row) Mrs. .L'liena Slack, and C. W. Pattlson, Portland, secretary of tho grange fire insurance nsi soclation. Oilier officers who will participate In the conference Include Morton Tompkins, Dayton, overseer of the statu grange and chulrmun of tho state grange agricultural committee: Ilerthn J. Heck. Portland. state secretary; Mrs. G. V. Thlesseu, received the largest gross amount of patronage refunds, followed by Minnesota where cooperative mar keting of butter, milk and cheese. grain, livestock, nnd other pro ducts boosted the Income of thous ands of producers. Patronage divi dends amounting to $1,000,000 or more wore also reported for Illi nois, Indiana, Ohio, Washington, and several other states. A larger percentage of oil and gasoline co operatives paid patronage divi dends to their members than any other type. Over 500.000 farmers made a saving on their oil and gasollno purchases for the year which ageruge $7 per farmer. Growing In Volume - The survey shows that agricul tural cooperation iB not only grow ing In volume of business hut in the acceptance of the cooperative principles lor which the National Grange hns struggled for so many years. For instance, the principle of one-mnn-oue-vote is adhered to by more than 80 per cent of the 10,000-odd.assoclations in the Unit ed States. Before tho survey was made, even the most optimistic friends of the cooperative move ment would hardly have ventured to place tho figures so high. Another significant fnct brought out by the survey is the Influence , niuiviiiuiii couniv loneners man or the 13 banks for cooperatives I tutes. The addition of Douglas In pushing down Interest rates iinlcl on borrowed money by farmer- j cooperatives. Since 1934, the year after the banks for cooperatives be-! gan operation, the trend in interest rates charged farmer co-ops by ! various creditors has been steadily ! downward. For the United Slates as a whole the average Interest rate on short-term money borrowed by co-ops dropped from 5.9 to 5.7; per cent; on medium-term loans i Imrg-term loans from"" toVs per RURAL MAIL DELI VERY cent. The banks for cooperatives j BACKED BY GRANGE charge 2 per cent on commodity t loans ond 3 per cent on operating Thp ,,, ,,, movpmPnt loans, r aclllty loans, usually ma.ln(for rmal freR ll(.,v of tho Inn for longer terms for such financing and wnr,!P, ,cildny for t,,js ,.,. as the erection of warehouses, uro ,,, thp fivHlPm wa, nnalV plants, etc.. bear Interest nt the j established on a small scnle Pi rate of 4 per cent a year, congress In 1S96. Subsequently The survey of the cooperatives j he KralKp ,,xol.,p,l lnfhlncp for division shows that about 6,900, e e,p.,ll(!,r,n of lhp wrvlc ml0 farmers marketing and purchasing , hp rurn ,,rlrtlI. At t, ,,,. cooperatives, or slightly more than nne of ,M5 ,lu,rp wpre 3Ti im nm half the total number in the I nlted rou(,s )n UlB Vnlu,a filill,. States, use credit for their opera-; an(, lhp BKKKHtB ,ll(lBnPP ,,;iiy tions. The largest amount of bor- ,ravPrBP,I ,)V the rural carrlPrH waa roweo money useu at any 1936 the last year embraced by the survey aggregated $255,886,-1 000. Commercial banks are the larg est creditors of farmerV asocla- iinn. hot the business volume of the "banks for cooperatives has grown steadily during the past our; years and now occupies second , place. In 1936, cooperatives using1 will visit Roseburg Octobor 1 for to all -grange members. Pictured grange honie economics committee; Korhy, slate grange Juvenile deputy, Milwaukee, slate grange lecturer. commercial banks as a principal source of credit, borrowed a total of $118,547,000; those using banks for cooperatives ns a principal source, $78,830,000; other coopera tive organizations, $11,501,000; In dividuals, $9,899,000; nnd the re maining amount from miscellan eous sources. SCHOOL CONFERENCE The fourth annual educational conference to bring to the teach ers of southern Oreuon tho latest trends and philosophy of educa tion lias been scheduled for the Southern Oregon Slato Normal school campus at Ashland, Octo ber 27, 28 unil 29. Sponsored in tho past by the counties of Jackson, Josephine, Klnmnlli, Luke and Curry, togeth er with the normal school, Doug las county hns this year joined conference which replaces the cuumy win maun inis me largest rcKiunnl conference In Oregon, wilh the exception of tho one held in Portland. President Donald M. Erb of the University of Oregon. President Bruce It. Baxter nf Willamette university and Dr. V. W. Hurt of the srlioo of education of t lie University of California are among the featured speakers, -o j 359 43 nijeB Many Farm Homes Burn According to the report of Stale Fire Marshal F.arle 364 Ore- gon farm dwellings were entirely or partially destioyed by fire In 1937, insurance paid amounted to $191,(173. VITAL ISSUES FACE IE Policies Will Be Followed in 35 States; Umpqua Valley to Exhibit. Issues fncing the National grange convention nt Portland, November iu to Z4 are more stirring than nt any Unto in the 70 years history of the. organization,, according to information received nt the Doug las National bank. The meeting is expected to be the largest of its kind ever held west of The Missis sippi river. Policies adopted at Portland will be followed throughout the 36 states under jurisdiction of !the grange affecting the nearly 8,000 units. Juvenile work will he stressed. Products of the Umpqua valley are to bo exhibited among those in the Oregon display of agricul tural and household products from, every section of the stn-te. Fruits canned and dried vegetables, nulii and other products will bo Includ ed In the effort to stimulate Inter- sectional marketing cooperation. Discussion nt the convention will center around the American mar ket, reciprocal trade agreements, socialized medicine, public dobt, centralized government and Its re lation to agriculture. Interest rates on farm mortguges, electriiicallon, transportation rates. . liquor and gumbllng as a menace. E ROSTER T0T1LS 105 Organization Only 5 Years Old Builds Own Home, ' i Has Much Activity. When members of Kellogg grnnge No. 811, docided they needed n new grange hull, they built one. Not only did they build it them selves, but they sawed most of the lumber that was needed. Kollogg graiigo ' wits organized September 12, 1933, by Deputy Ar thur Brown, with 36 charier mem bers. The membership now has lucronscd to 107. Present officers nre Cornelius Miller, master; Boyd Modor, over seer;' Thelmn Ladd, secretary; George Madison, treasurer; Mabel Ruder, chaplain; ilOidon Fisher, lecturer; Gain Madison, steward; Glen Gumcy, asslstnnt stoward;; Golda Giimey, lady assistant stew ard; Francis Mode, gatekeeper; Mary Colloy, Flora; Elizabeth Bul lock, Cores; Faye Bossen, Pomona; Evelyn Hudson, musician; Gono Fisher, Dale Bullock, llomor Ladd, executive committee. Tho grange meets each second ami fourth Wednesday nnd always serves refreshments. A welcome always Is extended to visiting grangers. Make Own Hall. The first meetings were held In the Kellogg school house and later In Fisher's drier. In 1936-36 tho grange members cut lumber, ex cept flooring And celling, even milk ing the shakes for the roof cover ing, and erected their present hall. While tho building Is not Hilly completed, additions are being mude steadily and at the same time payments are being made on the small debt incurred. Tho home economics club has a membership of about 30 ladles. Martha Bullock is president, Paulu Anderson, vice-president; Bessie Haines, secretary; Mubel Itader, treasurer. Tho club has had a very successful year, and with the help of other grange members, has put on monthly money raising social Change to RICHFIELD George W. Ginder Commission Agent ROSEBURG, OREGON events. Among these were a pie so cial, negro minstrel, outdoor bar vest cnrnivnl, etc. The club meets every third Thursday at the grange hall, but holda occasional meetings In the homes of members. Kellogg grange sponsors a 4-H club, under the supervision of a grange leader, and gave a club scholarship this year. First and second degrees were given to a class of nine members nt a meeting September 7 and the third nnd fourth degrees will be conferred September 28. Two resignations of officers wore received nt the meeting September 14, Virginia Anderson, Flora, re signing to attend University ot Oregon and Miss Mae Madison, lady assistant steward, resigning to at tend Oregon Normnl school at Mon mouth. Enrller In the year Assist ant Stewart Grant MndlBon resign ed to accept employment at Union creek. The vacancies were filled to give tho grange a full quota of officers. The grange won a cash prize at the community fair In Sutherlln with Its booth, nnd many members won Individual awards with their displays. In Pest Contest. Kellogg and Fred Weathorly granges are engaged In a pest hunt contest, the loser to furnish a tur key supper for tne winner. Fred Weatherly grnnge won a similar contost last year and the Kellogg hunters are out for revenge this season. - ' Kellogg grange has been host twice to the annual meetings ot Pomona grnnge nt Fisher's grove near the grange hall. A booster night program will be held early In October as prune har vest in September mnkes an earlier celebration Impossible. .In 1870 the nmnufl began-'lts fight! to raise .tlie,.i)opnvtment oC Agrlclulturo' to'tfie first rank by making Its head a member of the President's cabinet. The idea was ridiculed by many people and the then Commissioner ot Agriculture wns actively opposed to It. TI)o chnirmnnof tljn Agricultural Com mittee p'f 'the .House wns likewise hostile. Ho declared that tho prin cipal ruhction ot the Department of Agriculture wns to distribute free soed nnd that congressmen could very well perforin this function themsclvoB. Single-handed, tho National grange kept up the fight In spite of ridicule and opposition in high places, until victory was achieved In January, 1889, and Nor mnn J. Column, a prominent mem ber of the grange, was appointed the first Secretary of Agriculture by President Cleveland. FARM LOAN SYSTEM IS AID TO FARMERS The grange ,wns an curly and consistent advocate of better cred it facilities for rural pooplo and gave Its support to legislation which established tho fudeial farm lonn system In 11116, supple mented by the Intermediate cred it banks, established In 1923. Tho grange ndvocated amendnioiitB which resulted in the adoption, ot the farm credit administration In 1933, bringing under one head all rural credit activities and reduu. lug Interest rates to 4i per cent. In 1936 the grunge led the right which resulted In still lower Inter est rales. POSTAL SAVINGS BANKS- The grange was largely respon sible for the enactment of legisla tion creating the PohIoI Savings Hanks, established in 1911. Germany has a rat population estimated at 65,000,000, which does a dally damage of $550,000. Pests Slain To Halt Loss To Farmers Damage to Crops Arrested by Hunt Contests First Started in Douglas County in 1930. Orfinnlzeii in 1930 tindor tlie di rection of Fred A. Goff, then state chairman of the grunge agricul tural committee, the Douglas county grange peat hunt has sav ed many thousands of dollars to farmers of Douglas county. Douetlos enmity was the first In which this nest contost was started, and at first only a few granges participated. Then oth ers Joined ond It became county wide. For the past few years sim ilar peBt hunts havo been carried on in nearly every county of the state. Prizos for continual effort In this work ore awarded to each grange In tho county by Pomona gronge. From the results tabulated ench month In the contest it Is plainly evident that the destruction of crop-damaging pests has saved great sums of money to the farm ers ench year. Success Evidenced The success of the contest Is plainly evi'denced In driving along roads In rural districts, as few pests ore "seen in those localities where grangers are actively parti cipating. . Records of Ullls by contestants are placed in the hands of the subordinate grange agricultural committee. 1 The evidence of the kill are the right wings of birds, tails ot animals, etc. The records are submitted each month -to Mr. Goff, chairman of Pomona grange agricultural committee, who com piles the data And '.reports the standings " a in d n g com petlng granges. Thousands Destroyed ' 1 During the past two and one half years more than 40,256 farm posts have been destroyed. When It Is considered that each one of these pests would have destroyed ,aeveral dollars worth of farm pro duce during Its normal life span, it Is perfectly evidenced that the activity has beon a most profit able one. ; The records also show that pest control Is a never-ending task, for records show an Increas ing number destroyed each your, regardless of the continued exter mination progrum. This year Is no exception and the figures for the first six months show that the kill Is well up to tho aver age. PchIs Included in tho contest and the numbers destroyed during tho punt two and a half years are shown In ' the following ' tabula tion: - 6 Mo. 1930 1937 1!I3S CoyotUH 39 ' 21 13 RllU 7111 1,117 970 DlKKOi-8 3,3111 1,753 1,675 Gophers'.. 380 281 448 Moli.B , 259 351 212 OwIh 14 51 13 The 139 ladies of the Granges While the men of the Granges are taking their bows for a successful year we feel that you too, are en titled to plenty of congratulations on your fine work. When in Roseburg we want you to feel that THE STYLE SHOP is your store come in any time, see our styled right and priced right apparel. It will stand plenty of comparison. New fall merchandise u arriv ing daily from the style centers of the East and West. Hawks .. 90 159 76 Crows 112 100 44 Blue jays 380 282 170 Rattlesnakes .... 65 233 37 Weosela 13 23 4 Rabbits 576 1,384 320 Misc. 2,013 10,709 5,786 Total pests r killed 8,021 22,467 9,768 Grand total : ...40,256 GRANGE WORKS FOR BALLOT REFORMS In 1S79 the national grange en dorsed the Australian or secret ballot system and deumnded bal- - lot reform. It has .favored all laws to safeguard the ballot and promote honest elections. In 1886 It endorsed measures to prohibit the use of large sums of money tat influence elections, to accomplish which laws have since been en acted. FORESTS URGED The grange has consistently ad hered to a policy calling for tha wise conservation and use of bur! natural resources, and has oppos-i ed their exploitation by selfish monopolies. It has favored tho preservation of the forests, the mineral wealth and the power sites for the benefit of the peo. pie, and has supported all laws for the proper administration of our national forests and the public do main. f The grange favored the estab lishment of a national geological survey, and soil survey and tho development of national forestry. It has favored the creation of pub lic parks and will continue to fight for the adoption of a Bound land uso policy, Inchu'ilng ade quate measures ' for , the jireven-1 tlon of soil erosion. " ITI The, grange was an early artvfl cuto oC an Impartial fuct-f InilliiK tarirr connnlsBion ns an atri to con gross In legislating on this sub joct. Tho comiulHHlon waB estab lished In 1910. The aim o tho grange has beon to secure reason able tariff rates for the protection of the American farmer. It has boen Btrongly opposed to the granting of such tariff rates on manufactured products as breed monopoly, enriching tho fow at the expense of the many. As a means of giving equalized tariff boneflta to producers of Bur plUB crops, the grange has ndvo cated the export debenture plan. ' In 1890 tho national grange re commended the establishment of a bureau of anlmul Industry In the department of agriculture, and for years worked flteadlly for the creation of a national dairy bu reau, established In the winner of 1924. Style Shop NO. JACKSON ST.